Submerged plant planting device
By forming hypoxic, anaerobic and aerobic zones in the submerged plant planting device, and using the water flow direction and biological reaction to remove pollutants, the problems of small application scope and limited water depth in the existing technology are solved, and the scope of application and water depth of submerged plant planting methods are achieved. The water quality purification of deep water channels and the formation of underwater forests.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421095993.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-16
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-16
AI Technical Summary
The existing submerged plant planting methods have a small scope of application, a large area, and are difficult to maintain. They cannot effectively play a role when the water depth exceeds 1m, resulting in increased water pollution.
Design a submerged plant planting device including a support layer, a matrix layer and a submerged plant layer. By adjusting components are fixed to the river retaining wall, forming hypoxic, anaerobic and aerobic zones, using the direction of water flow and physical, chemical, Bioreactions remove contaminants, prevent root rot and adapt to different water level needs.
It realizes effective removal of pollutants in sewage in deep-water rivers, prevents the decay of submerged plants, adapts to different water levels, forms underwater forests, improves water transparency and purification effect, and the device is easy to move and repair.
Smart Images
Figure CN222236056U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of submerged plant planting in high water level rivers, in particular to a submerged plant planting device. Background Art
[0002] Submerged plants play a vital role in water ecological restoration. Relevant practices have shown that in addition to absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies through roots and leaves and controlling the concentration of nutrients in water bodies, submerged plants can also produce oxygen during photosynthesis, which diffuses into the rhizosphere and enters the water body or sediment, affecting the nitrogen and phosphorus cycle in the water body or sediment. At the same time, submerged plants can also act as suspended matter traps to promote sedimentation, thereby improving the transparency of water bodies. In addition, submerged plants can limit the growth of algae by absorbing nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus and inorganic carbon, and inhibit the growth of plants attached to the water by secreting allelopathic substances. Submerged plant communities can provide the main habitats and refuges for zooplankton.
[0003] However, submerged plants have strict requirements on water depth. The current methods of planting submerged plants mainly include directly planting them at the bottom of water bodies with a depth of no more than 1m or hanging them in the middle of the water body with flexible materials. These methods have the problems of small application range, large footprint, difficult maintenance and the inability of the roots to achieve maximum effect.
[0004] When the water depth exceeds 1m, submerged plants cannot play their effective role, and may even die due to insufficient transparency or light requirements, causing further water pollution. At the same time, the existing planting method has a single way of functioning, and has certain limitations in the removal of organic matter and the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model aims to provide a submerged plant planting device to alleviate the problems of the existing submerged plant planting method, such as small application range, large floor space, difficult maintenance and single function path.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:
[0007] A submerged plant planting device, comprising: a box body, the box body comprising a supporting layer, a matrix layer and a submerged plant layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top, water flows from bottom to top through the supporting layer, the matrix layer and the submerged plant layer, respectively forming anoxic zone, anaerobic zone and aerobic zone;
[0008] The box body is provided with an adjusting component for adjusting the underwater placement depth, and the box body is fixed to the river retaining wall through the adjusting component.
[0009] Furthermore,
[0010] The supporting layer is formed by filling first gravel, and the diameter of the first gravel ranges from 16 to 20 mm.
[0011] Furthermore,
[0012] The matrix layer is formed by filling ceramsite, and the diameter of the ceramsite is in the range of 5-10 mm.
[0013] Furthermore,
[0014] The submerged plant layer includes submerged plants and second gravels, wherein the second gravels are filled above the substrate layer, and the submerged plants are fixed on the top of the second gravels.
[0015] Furthermore,
[0016] The submerged plants include dwarf Vallisneria.
[0017] Furthermore,
[0018] The diameter of the second gravel ranges from 2 to 10 mm.
[0019] Furthermore,
[0020] The thickness of the second gravel ranges from 20 to 30 cm.
[0021] Furthermore,
[0022] The adjustment assembly includes a first slide rail and a second slide rail, the first slide rail is connected to the box body, the second slide rail is used to be connected and fixed to the river channel retaining wall, and the first slide rail and the second slide rail are connected by an adjustment structure.
[0023] Furthermore,
[0024] The adjustment structure includes a buckle groove arranged on the second slide rail and a buckle correspondingly arranged on the first slide rail, and the buckle groove extends along the height direction.
[0025] Furthermore,
[0026] The bottom of the box body has a grid structure.
[0027] The utility model brings at least the following beneficial effects:
[0028] The utility model provides a submerged plant planting device, comprising: a box body, the box body comprising a supporting layer, a matrix layer and a submerged plant layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top, water flows from bottom to top through the supporting layer, the matrix layer and the submerged plant layer, forming anoxic zone, anaerobic zone and aerobic zone respectively; the box body is provided with an adjusting component for adjusting the underwater placement depth, and the box body is fixed to the river retaining wall through the adjusting component.
[0029] The water flows into the box from the bottom, and the direction of the water flow is from bottom to top, flowing through the support layer, matrix layer and submerged plant layer in turn, forming anoxic zone, anaerobic zone and aerobic zone respectively. Based on the principle of anoxic-anaerobic-aerobic, the physical, chemical and biological reactions under anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic conditions can remove pollutants such as SS, ammonia nitrogen and COD in the sewage, while preventing the occurrence of stench and other phenomena such as rotting of the roots of submerged plants, and can also play a role in beautifying the shore to a certain extent. In addition, the submerged plant planting device can meet the needs of different water levels by adjusting the components, so that deep water rivers can also realize underwater forests. The submerged plant planting device is integrated and modular, easy to move, and conducive to reuse and maintenance management.
[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the related technologies, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0032] Figure 1 A top view of a submerged plant planting device provided in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a submerged plant planting device provided in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the submerged plant planting device provided in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an adjustment component provided in an embodiment of the utility model.
[0036] icon:
[0037] 100-box; 110-supporting layer; 111-first gravel; 120-matrix layer; 121-ceramsite; 130-submerged plant layer; 131-submerged plant; 132-second gravel; 200-adjusting component; 210-first slide rail; 211-first mounting hole; 220-second slide rail; 221-second mounting hole; 300-grid structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0038] The technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0039] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.
[0040] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Physical quantities in formulas, if not separately marked, should be understood as basic quantities of the basic units of the International System of Units, or derived quantities derived from basic quantities through mathematical operations such as multiplication, division, differentiation or integration.
[0041] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0043] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0044] Embodiment 1
[0045] Submerged plants have strict requirements on water depth. The current methods of planting submerged plants mainly include directly planting them at the bottom of water bodies with a depth of no more than 1m or hanging them in the middle of the water body with flexible materials. These methods have the problems of small application range, large footprint, difficult maintenance and the inability of the roots to achieve maximum effect.
[0046] When the water depth exceeds 1m, submerged plants cannot play their effective role, and may even die due to insufficient transparency or light requirements, causing further water pollution. At the same time, the existing planting method has a single way of functioning, and has certain limitations in the removal of organic matter and the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus.
[0047] In view of this, an embodiment of the utility model provides a submerged plant planting device, including: a box body 100, the box body 100 includes a supporting layer 110, a matrix layer 120 and a submerged plant layer 130 arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and water flows from bottom to top through the supporting layer 110, the matrix layer 120 and the submerged plant layer 130, forming anoxic zone, anaerobic zone and aerobic zone respectively; the box body 100 is provided with an adjusting component 200 for adjusting the underwater placement depth, and the box body 100 is fixed to the river retaining wall through the adjusting component 200.
[0048] Water flows into the box 100 from the bottom, and the direction of water flow is from bottom to top, and it flows through the support layer 110, the matrix layer 120 and the submerged plant layer 130 in turn, forming anoxic zone, anaerobic zone and aerobic zone respectively. Based on the principle of anoxic-anaerobic-aerobic, through physical, chemical and biological reactions under anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic conditions, it removes pollutants such as SS, ammonia nitrogen and COD in sewage, while preventing the occurrence of stench and other phenomena such as rotting of the roots of submerged plants 131, and can play a role in beautifying the shore to a certain extent. In addition, by adjusting the component 200, the submerged plant planting device can meet different water level requirements, so that deep water rivers can also realize underwater forests. The submerged plant planting device is integrated and modular, easy to move, and conducive to reuse and maintenance management.
[0049] In an optional manner of this embodiment, the supporting layer 110 is formed by filling first gravels 111 , and the diameter of the first gravels 111 ranges from 16 to 20 mm.
[0050] See also Figure 2 The supporting layer 110 is composed of the first gravel 111 and the microorganisms attached to the first gravel 111. As part of the oxygen will come into contact with the first gravel 111 during the water flow, an anoxic layer can be formed. The first gravel 111 has certain pores after being filled, which can intercept fine particles, remove SS, and improve the transparency of the river water.
[0051] In an optional manner of this embodiment, the matrix layer 120 is formed by filling ceramsite 121, and the diameter of the ceramsite 121 ranges from 5 to 10 mm.
[0052] See also Figure 2 The matrix layer 120 is composed of ceramsite 121 and microorganisms attached to the ceramsite 121. Since the matrix layer 120 is sandwiched by the support layer 110 and the submerged plant layer 130, it is basically in an oxygen-free state, so it is embodied as an anaerobic layer. On the one hand, the ceramsite 121 provides a place for microorganisms to attach, and on the other hand, it can play a filtering role. Under anaerobic conditions, microorganisms can remove pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and convert large molecular organic matter into small molecular organic matter. Microorganisms include anaerobic bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, etc.
[0053] In an optional manner of this embodiment, the submerged plant layer 130 includes submerged plants 131 and second gravels 132 , the second gravels 132 are filled above the matrix layer 120 , and the submerged plants 131 are fixed on top of the second gravels 132 .
[0054] See also Figure 2 The submerged plant layer 130 is composed of submerged plants 131, second gravel 132 and microorganisms attached to the second gravel 132. Due to the photosynthesis of the submerged plants 131 and the action of the water flow, the submerged plant layer 130 is in an aerobic state, which is reflected as an aerobic layer. The diameter of the second gravel 132 ranges from 2-10 mm. On the one hand, it can fix the roots of the submerged plants 131 to prevent the submerged plants 131 from being washed away by the water flow; on the other hand, it can remove certain organic matter through the action of microorganisms to achieve the effect of water purification. The submerged plants 131 include dwarf Vallisneria, and the species of submerged plants 131 can also be replaced according to actual conditions. On the one hand, the submerged plants 131 provide oxygen to the upper layer through respiration; on the other hand, the submerged plants 131 need to absorb organic matter and pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus to maintain their own growth, thereby effectively removing pollutants in the water. The planting parameters of the submerged plants 131 are 120 plants / m 2 , and the planting parameters can also be adjusted according to the actual plant species.
[0055] Furthermore, the thickness of the second gravel 132 is in the range of 20-30 cm, thereby ensuring that the submerged plants 131 will not be washed away by the river water.
[0056] The submerged plant planting device adopts a method of filling from bottom to top with a gradually increasing minimum particle size. On the one hand, it ensures that the expanded clay 121 and the submerged plants 131 can directly contact the water body and are not in an anaerobic environment for a long time, and effectively removes SS in the water body. On the other hand, it can effectively prevent blockage in the upper layer.
[0057] In an optional manner of this embodiment, the adjustment component 200 includes a first slide rail 210 and a second slide rail 220. The first slide rail 210 is connected to the box body 100, and the second slide rail 220 is used to be connected and fixed to the river retaining wall. The first slide rail 210 and the second slide rail 220 are connected by an adjustment structure.
[0058] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the first slide rail 210 is connected to the box body 100 through a first connecting member. Specifically, two first slide rails 210 are installed on both sides of the box body 100, and first mounting holes 211 are correspondingly provided on the first slide rail 210 and the box body 100. The first connecting member can be a hexagonal bolt, and the first slide rail 210 is fixed to the box body 100 by passing the hexagonal bolt through the first mounting hole 211. A longer second slide rail 220 is overlapped at the position of the first slide rail 210, and the second slide rail 220 is connected to the first slide rail 210 through an adjustment structure. The second slide rail 220 is provided with a second mounting hole 221, and the second slide rail 220 is connected and fixed to the river retaining wall through a second connecting member such as a hexagonal bolt.
[0059] In an optional manner of this embodiment, the adjustment structure includes a buckle groove provided on the second slide rail 220 and a buckle correspondingly provided on the first slide rail 210, and the buckle groove extends along the height direction.
[0060] The snap-on structure can adjust the placement depth of the submerged plant planting device to meet the needs of different river water depths. By placing the submerged plant planting device 1-1.5m away from the water surface of the river, it can ensure that the submerged plants 131 are always at a water depth of 0.5-1m, allowing the submerged plants 131 to achieve maximum effect.
[0061] In an optional manner of this embodiment, the bottom of the box body 100 has a grid structure 300 .
[0062] See also Figure 3 The bottom of the box 100 preferably adopts a φ16mm stainless steel grid to prevent the filler from leaking out and to maintain the dissolved oxygen in the lower matrix to a certain extent. At the same time, due to the photosynthesis of the submerged plants 131, oxygen can be produced to maintain the dissolved oxygen concentration in the middle and upper layers of the matrix, forming anoxic-anaerobic-aerobic (A 2 / O, height ratio is 1:1:2).
[0063] The submerged plant planting device is suitable for lightly polluted rivers with deep water depth (water depth greater than 1m). The box 100 is made of stainless steel. The device is placed on both sides of the river channel, occupying a small area and not affecting the flood discharge capacity. At the same time, it is located below the water surface, which can realize underwater forests in deep water rivers.
[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.
Claims
1. A submerged plant planting device, characterized in that: include: A box body, wherein the box body comprises a supporting layer, a matrix layer and a submerged plant layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and water flows through the supporting layer, the matrix layer and the submerged plant layer from bottom to top to form an anoxic zone, an anaerobic zone and an aerobic zone respectively; The box body is provided with an adjusting component for adjusting the underwater placement depth, and the box body is fixed to the river retaining wall through the adjusting component.
2. The submerged plant planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting layer is formed by filling first gravel, and the diameter of the first gravel ranges from 16 to 20 mm.
3. The submerged plant planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix layer is formed by filling ceramsite, and the diameter of the ceramsite is in the range of 5-10 mm.
4. The submerged plant planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The submerged plant layer includes submerged plants and second gravels, wherein the second gravels are filled above the substrate layer, and the submerged plants are fixed on the top of the second gravels.
5. The submerged plant planting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The submerged plants include dwarf Vallisneria.
6. The submerged plant planting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the second gravel ranges from 2 to 10 mm.
7. The submerged plant planting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the second gravel ranges from 20 to 30 cm.
8. The submerged plant planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a first slide rail and a second slide rail, the first slide rail is connected to the box body, the second slide rail is used to be connected and fixed to the river channel retaining wall, and the first slide rail and the second slide rail are connected by an adjustment structure.
9. The submerged plant planting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjustment structure includes a buckle groove arranged on the second slide rail and a buckle correspondingly arranged on the first slide rail, and the buckle groove extends along the height direction.
10. The submerged plant planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the box body has a grid structure.