Fire fighting device of battery energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model provides a fire fighting device of a battery energy storage system. The fire fighting device comprises a battery rack (11); the plurality of battery trays (10) are arranged in the battery rack (11), and one battery (8) is placed in each battery tray (10); each battery (8) is provided with a temperature sensor (7) corresponding to the battery (8), the temperature sensor is connected with a central control system (9), a cooling liquid interface corresponding to the battery is connected with a battery cooling pipe (3), and the battery cooling pipe (3) is connected with a cooling system; the water fire-fighting pipe (1) is connected with a plurality of water injection pipes (4), and electromagnetic valves (2) are arranged in the water injection pipes (4); and the central control system (9) is connected with the fire-fighting inductor (6) and the fire-fighting gas tank (5). Based on the device provided by the invention, the abnormal battery can be controlled in a targeted manner after the thermal runaway of the battery module is detected, the influence range of the thermal runaway is reduced, and the safety of the battery energy storage system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery energy storage technology, and in particular to a fire fighting device of a battery energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] Thermal runaway refers to a chain reaction phenomenon caused by various factors, which can cause the battery to emit a large amount of heat and harmful gases in a short period of time, and in severe cases, it can even cause the battery to catch fire and explode. As the application of energy storage systems becomes more and more extensive, how to carry out fire control when thermal runaway occurs in energy storage systems has become an urgent problem for technicians to solve.

[0003] At present, energy storage systems can use gas firefighting to protect against thermal runaway. However, when a large number of battery modules are densely stacked, if a battery module experiences thermal runaway, it is easy to affect the surrounding battery modules that are working normally, triggering a series of chain reactions. It is difficult to prevent the continuous thermal reaction of the battery module by using gas firefighting, resulting in reduced safety of the battery energy storage system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a fire-fighting device for a battery energy storage system, the purpose of which is to improve the safety of the battery energy storage system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a fire fighting device of a battery energy storage system, characterized in that the device comprises:

[0007] Battery rack (11);

[0008] A plurality of battery trays (10) are arranged in the battery rack (11), each of the battery trays (10) containing a battery (8);

[0009] Each battery (8) is provided with a temperature sensor (7) corresponding to the battery (8), the temperature sensor is connected to a central control system (9), a coolant interface corresponding to the battery is connected to a battery cooling pipe (3), and the battery cooling pipe (3) is connected to a cooling system;

[0010] The water fire fighting pipe (1) is connected to a plurality of water injection pipes (4), wherein the water injection pipes (4) are provided with electromagnetic valves (2), and the water fire fighting pipe (1) is used to inject cooling medium into the battery trays (10) corresponding to the water injection pipes (4) through the plurality of water injection pipes (4);

[0011] The central control system (9) is connected to the fire sensor (6) and the fire gas tank (5).

[0012] In a possible implementation, the plurality of battery trays (10) are arranged in the battery rack (11) in a stacked manner.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the battery (8) is connected to the central control system (9) via a communication line, and the central control system (9) is used to obtain status information of the battery (8) via the communication line.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the central control system (9) is used to: in response to an abnormal signal sent by an abnormal battery (8), shut down the charging and discharging operation of the abnormal battery (8) and increase the flow rate of the coolant in the battery cooling pipe (3).

[0015] In a possible implementation, the central control system (9) is used to: obtain a first temperature sent by the temperature sensor (7); open the solenoid valve (2) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7), and when the first temperature sent by the abnormal temperature sensor (7) is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold, inject a cooling medium into the battery tray (10) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7).

[0016] In a possible implementation, the central control system (9) is used to open the solenoid valve (2) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7) when the water temperature in the battery tray (10) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7) is greater than or equal to a water temperature threshold.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the central control system (9) is used to control the fire-fighting gas cylinder (5) to spray fire-fighting gas in response to the fire signal sent by the fire-fighting sensor (6).

[0018] In a possible implementation, the central control system (9) is further used to: in response to a fire signal sent by the fire sensor (6), open the solenoid valves (2) corresponding to the multiple water injection pipes (4) to inject cooling medium into the multiple battery trays (10).

[0019] In a possible implementation, the central control system (9) is used to: obtain the second temperature sent by the temperature sensor (7); and close the solenoid valve (2) corresponding to the second temperature that is less than a second temperature threshold.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the central control system (9) is used to: perform multiple water injections on the battery tray (10) corresponding to the second temperature greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present application provides a fire-fighting device for a battery energy storage system, comprising a battery rack (11); a plurality of battery trays (10) arranged in the battery rack (11), each of which has a battery (8) placed in the battery tray (10); a temperature sensor (7) corresponding to the battery (8) is arranged on each of the batteries (8), the temperature sensor is connected to a central control system (9), the coolant interface corresponding to the battery is connected to a battery cooling pipe (3), and the battery cooling pipe (3) is connected to a cooling system; a water fire-fighting pipe (1) is connected to a plurality of water injection pipes (4), a solenoid valve (2) is arranged in the water injection pipe (4), and the water fire-fighting pipe (1) is used to inject cooling medium into the battery tray (10) corresponding to the water injection pipe (4) through the plurality of water injection pipes (4); the central control system (9) is connected to a fire-fighting sensor (6) and a fire-fighting gas tank (5). Based on the device provided by the present application, after detecting that a battery module has thermal runaway, the abnormal battery can be controlled in a targeted manner, the impact range of thermal runaway can be reduced, and the safety of the battery energy storage system can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fire-fighting device of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of a fire-fighting device of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects rather than to limit a specific order.

[0026] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0027] At present, energy storage systems can use gas firefighting to protect against thermal runaway. However, when a large number of battery modules are densely stacked, if a battery module experiences thermal runaway, it is easy to affect the surrounding battery modules that are working normally, triggering a series of chain reactions. It is difficult to prevent the continuous thermal reaction of the battery module by using gas firefighting, resulting in reduced safety of the battery energy storage system.

[0028] Based on this, the present application provides a fire-fighting device for a battery energy storage system. Based on the device provided by the present application, after detecting thermal runaway of a battery module, the abnormal battery can be controlled in a targeted manner to reduce the impact range of thermal runaway and improve the safety of the battery energy storage system. Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fire-fighting device of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of a fire-fighting device of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] The fire fighting device of the battery energy storage system comprises a battery rack (11); a plurality of battery trays (10) arranged in the battery rack (11), each of the battery trays (10) containing a battery (8); each of the batteries (8) is provided with a temperature sensor (7) corresponding to the battery (8), the temperature sensor is connected to a central control system (9), a coolant interface corresponding to the battery is connected to a battery cooling pipe (3), and the battery cooling pipe (3) is connected to a cooling system; a water fire fighting pipe (1) is connected to a plurality of water injection pipes (4), a solenoid valve (2) is arranged in the water injection pipe (4), and the water fire fighting pipe (1) is used to inject a cooling medium into the battery tray (10) corresponding to the water injection pipe (4) through the plurality of water injection pipes (4); and the central control system (9) is connected to a fire fighting sensor (6) and a fire fighting gas tank (5).

[0030] The device provided in the present application can be applicable to a new energy power battery energy storage system, and the battery (8) in the present application can specifically be a power battery.

[0031] With the development of new energy technology, electric vehicles are becoming more and more popular. The battery in this application can be a retired power battery. Therefore, on the one hand, the residual value of the vehicle power battery can be used for energy storage, and on the other hand, the high safety characteristics of the vehicle power battery can be fully utilized.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the plurality of battery trays (10) are arranged in a stacked manner within the battery rack (11). Each battery (8) is connected to the central control system (9) via a communication line, so that the central control system (9) can obtain status information of the battery (8) in real time via the communication line.

[0033] The battery status information may include the output current, output voltage, and battery temperature of the battery.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the central control system (9) can be used to respond to an abnormal signal sent by an abnormal battery (8), shut down the charging and discharging operation of the abnormal battery (8), and increase the flow rate of the coolant in the battery cooling pipe (3).

[0035] Specifically, this measure can be used as a first-level prevention and control measure. Each battery is connected to the central control system through a communication line. The central control system can obtain the battery status information in real time. When the battery is abnormal, such as the battery current increases abnormally, the voltage suddenly rises, or the temperature is abnormal, the central control system will receive an abnormal signal sent by the abnormal battery. Then the central controller can immediately start the power-off program, cut off the high-voltage line of the abnormal battery alone, and shut down the charging and discharging operations of the abnormal battery.

[0036] At the same time, the central controller can issue instructions to control the cooling pipeline to increase the coolant flow rate, thereby accelerating the removal of heat from the abnormal battery and reducing the temperature of the abnormal battery to prevent the abnormal battery from continuing to experience thermal runaway.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the central control system (9) can be used to obtain a first temperature sent by the temperature sensor (7); open the solenoid valve (2) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7), the first temperature sent by the abnormal temperature sensor (7) is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold, and inject a cooling medium into the battery tray (10) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7).

[0038] Specifically, this measure can be used as a second-level prevention and control measure, that is, when the first-level prevention and control measure fails to prevent the abnormal thermal runaway reaction of the battery, the second-level prevention and control measure can be implemented.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, water can be used as a cooling medium. At least one temperature sensor is arranged on each battery to monitor the shell temperature of each battery. The temperature sensor is connected to the central control system, and the central control system can obtain the shell temperature of the corresponding battery sent by the temperature sensor.

[0040] Since different positions of the battery shell can correspond to different standard temperatures, a temperature sensor can be arranged at different positions of the battery shell for each battery, that is, multiple temperature sensors can be arranged on one battery, so that the central control system can detect the temperature at different positions of the battery shell.

[0041] If a battery has thermal runaway, the first temperature pair sent by the temperature sensor corresponding to the battery to the central control system is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, and the central control system can determine that the battery is an abnormal battery, and the corresponding temperature sensor is called an abnormal temperature sensor.

[0042] The central control system can open the corresponding solenoid valve to allow the cooling medium to be injected into the corresponding battery tray through the water injection pipe, that is, the battery tray is filled with water. When the cooling medium fills the battery tray, the central control system can temporarily close the solenoid valve to allow the coolant to fully exchange heat with the abnormal battery.

[0043] The coolant interface corresponding to the battery is connected to a battery cooling pipe, and the battery cooling pipe is connected to a cooling system so as to continuously take away the heat of the corresponding battery.

[0044] The water fire fighting pipe can be arranged near the side of the battery rack, and multiple water injection pipes can be arranged in a branched manner. Among them, each water injection pipe can extend to the upper side of each battery tray, and the water injection port of the water injection pipe points obliquely downward to the battery tray. A solenoid valve is provided in each water injection pipe, and the control line of each solenoid valve is connected to the central control system so that the central control system can control the switch of the solenoid valve. When the solenoid valve is in the open state, the cooling medium can be injected into the corresponding battery tray through the corresponding water injection pipe.

[0045] When the water temperature in the battery tray (10) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7) is greater than or equal to a water temperature threshold, the central control system (9) can open the solenoid valve (2) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7).

[0046] Specifically, when the water temperature in the battery tray (10) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7) is greater than or equal to the water temperature threshold, it indicates that the thermal runaway phenomenon of the abnormal battery has not been controlled. The solenoid valve corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor can be opened again to continue injecting cooling medium into the battery tray to maintain the water temperature at a lower state, and this can be repeated until the thermal runaway reaction of the above batteries is completely completed.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the central control system can control the fire-fighting gas cylinder (5) to spray fire-fighting gas in response to the fire signal sent by the fire-fighting sensor (6).

[0048] At the same time, the central control system can also respond to the fire signal sent by the fire sensor (6) to open the solenoid valves (2) corresponding to the multiple water injection pipes (4) to inject cooling medium into the multiple battery trays (10).

[0049] Specifically, this measure can be used as a third-level prevention and control measure, that is, when the second-level prevention and control measures fail to prevent the abnormal thermal runaway reaction of the battery, the third-level prevention and control measures can be implemented.

[0050] Specifically, if the second-level protection measures fail to prevent abnormal thermal runaway of the battery, and obvious flames and smoke are generated, the smoke will trigger the corresponding fire sensor. The fire sensor senses the fire signal and transmits it to the central control system, and at the same time, the fire gas tank is triggered to start spraying fire gas to extinguish the fire.

[0051] Among them, the fire sensor can be arranged on the top above the battery tray. The signal line of the fire sensor is connected to the central control system, and the control line of the fire gas tank is also connected to the central control system. When the fire sensor triggers the signal limit and sends a fire signal to the central control system, the fire gas tank will trigger the linkage operation and spray gas to extinguish the fire.

[0052] At the same time, the central control system can open the solenoid valves on all water injection pipes to inject cooling medium into all battery trays. The water immersion and gas fire fighting method are used simultaneously to prevent thermal runaway from affecting and damaging other batteries and equipment.

[0053] After injecting cooling medium into all battery trays, the central control system (9) can obtain the second temperature sent by the temperature sensor (7); close the solenoid valve (2) corresponding to the second temperature less than the second temperature threshold; and perform multiple water injections on the battery tray (10) corresponding to the second temperature greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold.

[0054] Specifically, after injecting cooling medium into all battery trays for a period of time to ensure that all batteries are in an immersed state, the central control system can close all solenoid valves to wait for signal feedback sent by the temperature sensors on each battery.

[0055] If the second temperature sent by the temperature sensor remains below the second temperature threshold, the solenoid valve corresponding to the temperature sensor can be controlled to remain in a closed state; if the second temperature sent by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold, where the third temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, it is considered that the battery in the corresponding battery tray is still in a thermal runaway reaction state, and cooling medium is continuously injected into the corresponding battery tray, that is, the second level of water injection protection measures is maintained.

[0056] The third level of protection in this application uses a combination of comprehensive gas injection and comprehensive water immersion to prevent thermal runaway from damaging other parts.

[0057] The device provided by the present application can, when a slight abnormality occurs in the battery, stop the charging and discharging of the abnormal battery in a targeted manner according to the battery status information, increase the flow of the coolant to increase the cooling speed of the abnormal battery, and suppress the thermal runaway state; when the first-level prevention and control measures fail to prevent the thermal runaway reaction of the abnormal battery, the heat of the abnormal battery will cause the shell temperature to rise and be detected by the temperature sensor, and the central control system can start the corresponding water injection system, and inject cooling medium into the battery tray where the abnormal battery is placed to complete the immersion of the abnormal battery, and take away the heat of the abnormal battery through the water flow. If the battery is out of control too fast, when the second-level prevention and control measures fail to prevent the thermal runaway reaction of the abnormal battery, if a large amount of open flame smoke is generated, the central control system can control the fire-fighting gas tank to spray fire-fighting gas to suppress the fire range of the open flame, and at the same time use the method of injecting water to immerse the battery to reduce the impact range of thermal runaway.

[0058] In summary, based on the device provided in the present application, after detecting that a battery module has thermal runaway, the abnormal battery can be controlled in a targeted manner, thereby reducing the impact range of the thermal runaway and improving the safety of the battery energy storage system.

[0059] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fire fighting device of a battery energy storage system, characterized in that: The device comprises: Battery rack (11); A plurality of battery trays (10) are arranged in the battery rack (11), each of the battery trays (10) containing a battery (8); Each battery (8) is provided with a temperature sensor (7) corresponding to the battery (8), the temperature sensor is connected to a central control system (9), a coolant interface corresponding to the battery is connected to a battery cooling pipe (3), and the battery cooling pipe (3) is connected to a cooling system; The water fire fighting pipe (1) is connected to a plurality of water injection pipes (4), wherein the water injection pipes (4) are provided with electromagnetic valves (2), and the water fire fighting pipe (1) is used to inject cooling medium into the battery trays (10) corresponding to the water injection pipes (4) through the plurality of water injection pipes (4); The central control system (9) is connected to the fire sensor (6) and the fire gas tank (5).

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of battery trays (10) are arranged in the battery rack (11) in a stacked manner.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The battery (8) is connected to the central control system (9) via a communication line, and the central control system (9) is used to obtain status information of the battery (8) via the communication line.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The central control system (9) is used to: in response to an abnormal signal sent by an abnormal battery (8), shut down the charging and discharging operation of the abnormal battery (8) and increase the flow rate of the coolant in the battery cooling pipe (3).

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The central control system (9) is used to: obtain a first temperature sent by the temperature sensor (7); open the solenoid valve (2) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7), and when the first temperature sent by the abnormal temperature sensor (7) is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold, inject a cooling medium into the battery tray (10) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7).

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The central control system (9) is used to open the solenoid valve (2) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7) when the water temperature in the battery tray (10) corresponding to the abnormal temperature sensor (7) is greater than or equal to a water temperature threshold.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The central control system (9) is used to control the fire-fighting gas cylinder (5) to spray fire-fighting gas in response to the fire signal sent by the fire-fighting sensor (6).

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The central control system (9) is also used to: in response to the fire signal sent by the fire sensor (6), open the electromagnetic valves (2) corresponding to the multiple water injection pipes (4) to inject cooling medium into the multiple battery trays (10).

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that The central control system (9) is used to: obtain the second temperature sent by the temperature sensor (7); and close the solenoid valve (2) corresponding to the second temperature that is less than the second temperature threshold.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The central control system (9) is used to: perform multiple water injections on the battery tray (10) corresponding to a second temperature greater than or equal to a third temperature threshold.

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