Shear type crusher for solid waste garbage treatment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shear type crusher for solid waste garbage treatment, which mainly comprises a base, a main body structure, a screening structure and a cleaning structure, a main body structure comprises a crushing box, a first crushing roller and a second crushing roller which are rotationally connected with the interior of the crushing box side by side, cams fixedly connected to connecting shafts at the two ends of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, and a driving mechanism. The screening structure comprises a filter screen plate in sliding connection with the interior of the crushing box in a matched mode, telescopic parts fixedly connected with the bottoms of the two sides of the filter screen plate and a bearing plate fixedly connected with the bottoms of the telescopic parts, one side of the bearing plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the crushing box, and when the driving mechanism drives the cam to rotate, every time the cam rotates by one circle, the bearing plate rotates. And when the telescopic piece is extruded once, the cleaning structure is connected with the crushing box. According to the utility model, crushed materials can be screened, so that the materials can reach ideal uniformity, the treatment efficiency of the subsequent process is not easily influenced, and the screening efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a shearing type crusher for solid waste treatment. Background Art

[0002] Solid waste, as solid or semi-solid waste materials generated by human beings in production, consumption, life and other activities, is often vividly called "garbage". These wastes are of various types, including solid particles, garbage, slag, sludge, as well as discarded products, broken utensils, defective products, animal carcasses, spoiled food, human and animal feces, etc. They occupy a lot of space and put a lot of pressure on the environment.

[0003] As an efficient equipment and method for processing these solid wastes, the shear crusher has shown its unique advantages. It can quickly crush various solid wastes into smaller particles through strong shear force, which not only effectively reduces the volume of waste and facilitates subsequent transportation and treatment, but also promotes the resource utilization of waste and achieves the dual goals of waste reduction and resource utilization. However, the shear crushers currently on the market lack screening functions during the crushing process, which directly leads to the inability of the material to achieve the ideal uniformity after crushing, which may cause certain troubles to the subsequent process treatment and even affect the efficiency and quality of the entire treatment process. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the utility model and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and utility model name of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, specification abstract and utility model name, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a shearing crusher for solid waste treatment, mainly comprising a base, a main structure, a screening structure and a cleaning structure, the main structure comprising a crushing box, a first crushing roller and a second crushing roller connected to the inside of the crushing box for rotation side by side, a cam fixedly connected to the connecting shafts at both ends of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, and a driving mechanism for driving the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller to rotate, the driving mechanism is connected to the left side of the crushing box, the screening structure is arranged inside the crushing box and is located below the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, the screening structure comprises a filter screen plate adapted for sliding connection with the inside of the crushing box, a telescopic member fixedly connected to the bottom of both sides of the filter screen plate, and a bearing plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic member, one side of the bearing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing box, when the cam is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, the telescopic member is subjected to an extrusion force once for each rotation of the cam, and the cleaning structure is connected to the crushing box for cleaning the upper surface of the filter screen plate.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the shearing crusher for solid waste disposal described in the utility model, wherein: the main structure also includes a feed port fixedly connected to the top of the crushing box, a discharge port arranged at the bottom of the crushing box, a first collecting box and a second collecting box placed on the upper surface of the base, and support legs fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the crushing box, the bottom end of the support leg is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and the first collecting box is arranged corresponding to the discharge port at the bottom of the crushing box.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the shearing crusher for solid waste treatment described in the utility model, wherein: the driving mechanism includes a first mounting frame fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the crushing box, a driving motor fixedly connected to the first mounting frame, a first connecting shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor, a driving gear fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first connecting shaft, a driven gear meshingly connected to the driving gear, and a second connecting shaft fixedly connected to the center of the driven gear, the first connecting shaft has an end away from the driving motor and is rotatably connected to the crushing box and fixedly connected to one end of the first crushing roller, the second connecting shaft has an end away from the driven gear and is rotatably connected to the crushing box and fixedly connected to one end of the second crushing roller.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the shearing crusher for solid waste disposal of the utility model, wherein: a pointer is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft, and when the pointer is vertically downward, the bottom of the cam contacts the upper surface of the filter screen plate and applies pressing force to the filter screen plate.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the shearing crusher for solid waste disposal described in the utility model, wherein: the cleaning structure includes a push plate movably arranged inside the crushing box, a second bracket fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the crushing box, and a telescopic cylinder fixedly connected to the second bracket, the piston end of the telescopic cylinder is movably inserted into the crushing box and fixedly connected to one side of the push plate, and when the cam is not in contact with the filter screen plate, the push plate movably fits against the upper surface of the filter screen plate.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the shearing crusher for solid waste disposal described in the utility model, a discharge trough is opened at the right side of the crushing box corresponding to the push plate, a drainage trough is obliquely fixedly connected to the right side of the crushing box and the bottom end of the discharge trough, and the bottom end of the drainage trough is arranged corresponding to the second collecting box.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the shearing crusher for solid waste disposal described in the utility model, the telescopic part includes an upper mounting plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter screen plate, a lower mounting plate fixedly connected to the top of the load-bearing plate, and a telescopic rod and a telescopic spring fixedly connected between the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, and the telescopic spring is movably sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0013] 1. The utility model can crush solid waste through the coordinated use of a driving mechanism, a first crushing roller, a second crushing roller, etc. The crushed particles fall onto the filter screen and are screened through the filter screen, so that the crushed materials can achieve an ideal uniformity and are not easily affected in the subsequent process efficiency. In addition, when the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller rotate, the cam can be driven to rotate. Each time the cam completes a rotation cycle, it will come into contact with the filter screen and exert pressure, so that the telescopic part is compressed. When the cam is away from the filter screen, the filter screen is quickly reset under the action of the rebound force of the telescopic part, so that the filter screen achieves the effect of vibration screening, which can speed up the screening efficiency of the filter screen and thus improve work efficiency.

[0014] 2. When the cam is not in contact with the filter screen, the utility model starts the telescopic cylinder, and the piston end of the telescopic cylinder drives the push plate to move on the upper surface of the filter screen, so that the materials that do not meet the crushing requirements and are retained on the filter screen can be pushed to the discharge chute, so that the materials that do not meet the crushing requirements fall into the second collection box through the drainage chute. The overall operation is simple, and the materials that do not meet the crushing requirements can be automatically collected, which is convenient for secondary crushing of the materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a right side structural schematic diagram of the crushing box of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cam when cleaning the upper surface of the filter screen plate of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cam for applying pressure to a filter screen plate according to the utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic member of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cleaning structure of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 100, base; 200, main structure; 201, crushing box; 202, first crushing roller; 203, second crushing roller; 204, feed port; 205, first collection box; 206, second collection box; 207, cam; 208, driving mechanism; 208-1, first mounting frame; 208-2, driving motor; 208-3, first connecting shaft; 208-4, driving gear; 208-5, driven gear; 208- 6. Second connecting shaft; 208-7. Pointer; 209. Discharge trough; 210. Drainage trough; 211. Support leg; 300. Screening structure; 301. Filter screen plate; 302. Telescopic member; 302-1. Upper mounting plate; 302-2. Lower mounting plate; 302-3. Telescopic rod; 302-4. Telescopic spring; 303. Load-bearing plate; 400. Cleaning structure; 401. Push plate; 402. Second bracket; 403. Telescopic cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0027] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Reference Figure 1-7 , which is the first embodiment of the utility model, provides a shearing crusher for solid waste treatment, mainly comprising:

[0030] Base 100;

[0031] The main structure 200 includes a crushing box 201, a first crushing roller 202 and a second crushing roller 203 connected to the crushing box 201 for rotation in parallel, a cam 207 fixedly connected to the connecting shafts at both ends of the first crushing roller 202 and the second crushing roller 203, and a driving mechanism 208 for driving the first crushing roller 202 and the second crushing roller 203 to rotate, the driving mechanism 208 is connected to the left side of the crushing box 201, wherein the cams 207 on the first crushing roller 202 and the second crushing roller 203 are staggeredly installed so that two adjacent cams 207 will not collide with each other during rotation;

[0032] The screening structure 300 is arranged inside the crushing box 201 and below the first crushing roller 202 and the second crushing roller 203. The screening structure 300 includes a filter screen plate 301 adapted to slide with the inside of the crushing box 201, a telescopic member 302 fixedly connected to both sides of the filter screen plate 301 by the bottom of the bolt, and a bearing plate 303 fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic member 302. One side of the bearing plate 303 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing box 201. When the cam 207 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism 208, the telescopic member 302 is squeezed once for each rotation of the cam 207, so that the filter screen plate 301 can achieve the effect of vibration screening, which can speed up the screening efficiency.

[0033] The telescopic member 302 includes an upper mounting plate 302-1 fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter screen plate 301, a lower mounting plate 302-2 fixedly connected to the top of the bearing plate 303, and a telescopic rod 302-3 and a telescopic spring 302-4 fixedly connected between the upper mounting plate 302-1 and the lower mounting plate 302-2. The telescopic spring 302-4 is movably sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod 302-3.

[0034] The cleaning structure 400 is connected to the crushing box 201 and is used to clean the upper surface of the filter screen plate 301 .

[0035] Specifically, the main structure 200 also includes a feed port 204 fixedly connected to the top of the crushing box 201, a discharge port arranged at the bottom of the crushing box 201, a first collecting box 205 and a second collecting box 206 placed on the upper surface of the base 100, and support legs 211 fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the crushing box 201. The bottom end of the support leg 211 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 100, and the first collecting box 205 is arranged corresponding to the discharge port at the bottom of the crushing box 201, so as to collect materials that meet the crushing requirements.

[0036] Specifically, the driving mechanism 208 includes a first mounting frame 208-1 fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the crushing box 201, a driving motor 208-2 fixedly connected to the first mounting frame 208-1 by bolts, a first connecting shaft 208-3 fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor 208-2, a driving gear 208-4 fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first connecting shaft 208-3, a driven gear 208-5 meshingly connected to the driving gear 208-4, and a second connecting shaft 208-6 fixedly connected to the center of the driven gear 208-5, one end of the first connecting shaft 208-3 away from the driving motor 208-2 is rotatably connected to the crushing box 201, and is fixedly connected to one end of the first crushing roller 202, and one end of the second connecting shaft 208-6 away from the driven gear 208-5 is rotatably connected to the crushing box 201 The first connecting shaft 208-3 is connected and fixedly connected to one end of the second crushing roller 203. When in use, the first connecting shaft 208-3 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 208-2, and the first connecting shaft 208-3 drives the driving gear 208-4, the first crushing roller 202 and the cam 207 on the first crushing roller 202 to rotate. The driving gear 208-4 drives the second connecting shaft 208-6 to rotate through the driven gear 208-5 meshing with it, and the second connecting shaft 208-6 drives the second crushing roller 203 and the cam 207 on the second crushing roller 203 to rotate. Therefore, the purpose of crushing solid waste is achieved by the simultaneous rotation of the first crushing roller 202 and the second crushing roller 203. In addition, the cam 207 will contact the filter screen 301 once every rotation cycle and apply pressure to the filter screen 301.

[0037] Furthermore, a pointer 208-7 is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft 208-3. When the pointer 208-7 is vertically downward, the bottom of the cam 207 contacts the upper surface of the filter plate 301 and applies pressing pressure to the filter plate 301. When the cam 207 is vertically upward, the cam 207 does not contact the filter plate 301, and the push plate 401 does not collide with the cam 207 during the movement of the push plate 401, which makes it convenient to judge the position of the cam 207 according to the position of the pointer 208-7, and then facilitate the cleaning of the filter plate 301 through the cleaning structure 400.

[0038] Specifically, the cleaning structure 400 includes a push plate 401 movably arranged inside the crushing box 201, a second bracket 402 fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the crushing box 201, and a telescopic cylinder 403 fixedly connected to the second bracket 402 by bolts. The piston end of the telescopic cylinder 403 is movably inserted into the crushing box 201 and fixedly connected to one side of the push plate 401. When the cam 207 is not in contact with the filter screen plate 301, the push plate 401 is movably fitted with the upper surface of the filter screen plate 301.

[0039] A discharge trough 209 is provided at the right side of the crushing box 201 corresponding to the push plate 401, and a drainage groove 210 is obliquely fixedly connected to the right side of the crushing box 201 and the bottom end of the discharge trough 209. The bottom end of the drainage groove 210 is arranged corresponding to the second collecting box 206. By setting the drainage groove 210, it can guide the falling of materials and prevent the materials from falling to the outside of the second collecting box 206.

[0040] When it is necessary to clean the materials on the filter screen plate 301 that do not meet the crushing requirements, first ensure that the pointer 208-7 is vertically upward, and then start the telescopic cylinder 403. The piston end of the telescopic cylinder 403 drives the push plate 401 to move on the upper surface of the filter screen plate 301. During the movement, the materials retained on the filter screen plate 301 are pushed to the discharge trough 209, and then fall into the second collection box 206 through the drainage trough 210 for centralized collection, which is convenient for secondary crushing and automatic cleaning, with fast cleaning efficiency and low labor workload for staff.

[0041] In summary, when in use, the drive motor 208-2 is started, and the solid waste is added into the crushing box 201 through the feed port 204 and falls between the first crushing roller 202 and the second crushing roller 203. When the drive motor 208-2 is running, the output end of the drive motor 208-2 drives the first connecting shaft 208-3 to rotate, and the first connecting shaft 208-3 drives the driving gear 208-4, the first crushing roller 202 and the cam 207 on the first crushing roller 202 to rotate, and the driving gear 208-4 drives the second connecting shaft 208-6 to rotate through the driven gear 208-5 meshing therewith, and the second connecting shaft 208-6 drives the second crushing roller 203 and the cam 207 on the second crushing roller 203 to rotate. Therefore, the purpose of crushing the solid waste is achieved by the simultaneous rotation of the first crushing roller 202 and the second crushing roller 203. In addition, the cam 207 After each rotation cycle is completed, the filter screen plate 301 will be in contact with the filter screen plate 301 once, and pressure will be applied to the filter screen plate 301. When the filter screen plate 301 is under pressure, the telescopic rod 302-3 and the telescopic spring 302-4 are compressed. After the cam 207 is separated from the filter screen plate 301, the filter screen plate 301 will quickly move upward and reset under the action of the rebound force of the telescopic spring 302-4, so that the filter screen plate 301 can achieve the effect of vibration screening, and the screening efficiency of the filter screen plate 301 can be accelerated, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. The solid waste (material) that meets the crushing requirements falls into the first collection box 205 through the bottom discharge port of the crushing box 201. In addition, through the screening effect of the filter screen plate 301, the crushed solid waste can achieve an ideal uniformity, which is not easy to cause trouble to the subsequent process treatment, and is not easy to affect the efficiency and quality of the entire treatment process.

[0042] When it is necessary to clean the filter screen 301, first determine whether the cam 207 affects the movement of the push plate 401 based on the position of the pointer 208-7. If the pointer 208-7 is vertically upward, it will not affect the movement of the push plate 401. If the pointer 208-7 is vertically downward, the pointer 208-7 and the cam 207 position are adjusted by the driving motor 208-2. After the adjustment is completed, start the telescopic cylinder 403, and the piston end of the telescopic cylinder 403 drives the push plate 401 to move on the upper surface of the filter screen plate 301. During the movement, the material retained on the filter screen plate 301 is pushed to the discharge trough 209, and then falls into the second collection box 206 through the drainage trough 210 for centralized collection, which is convenient for secondary crushing and automatic cleaning, with high cleaning efficiency and low labor workload for staff.

[0043] It is worth noting that the entire device is controlled by a controller. Since the controller is a commonly used device and belongs to the existing mature technology, its electrical connection relationship and specific circuit structure will not be described in detail here.

[0044] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A shearing crusher for solid waste treatment, characterized in that: include: Base (100); A main structure (200), the main structure (200) comprising a crushing box (201), a first crushing roller (202) and a second crushing roller (203) connected to the crushing box (201) for rotation in parallel, a cam (207) fixedly connected to the connecting shafts at both ends of the first crushing roller (202) and the second crushing roller (203), and a driving mechanism (208) for driving the first crushing roller (202) and the second crushing roller (203) to rotate, wherein the driving mechanism (208) is connected to the left side of the crushing box (201); A screening structure (300), the screening structure (300) being arranged inside a crushing box (201) and being located below a first crushing roller (202) and a second crushing roller (203), the screening structure (300) comprising a filter screen plate (301) adapted to slide with the inside of the crushing box (201), a telescopic member (302) fixedly connected to the bottom of both sides of the filter screen plate (301), and a bearing plate (303) fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic member (302), one side of the bearing plate (303) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing box (201), and when the cam (207) is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism (208), the telescopic member (302) is subjected to a squeezing force once for each rotation of the cam (207); A cleaning structure (400), the cleaning structure (400) is connected to the crushing box (201) and is used to clean the upper surface of the filter screen plate (301).

2. The shearing crusher for solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main structure (200) further comprises a feed port (204) fixedly connected to the top of the crushing box (201), a discharge port arranged at the bottom of the crushing box (201), a first collection box (205) and a second collection box (206) placed on the upper surface of the base (100), and support legs (211) fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the crushing box (201), wherein the bottom end of the support leg (211) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (100), and the first collection box (205) is arranged corresponding to the discharge port at the bottom of the crushing box (201).

3. The shearing crusher for solid waste treatment as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (208) comprises a first mounting frame (208-1) fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the crushing box (201), a driving motor (208-2) fixedly connected to the first mounting frame (208-1), a first connecting shaft (208-3) fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor (208-2), a driving gear (208-4) fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first connecting shaft (208-3), and a driven gear (208-4) meshingly connected to the driving gear (208-4). 5) and a second connecting shaft (208-6) fixedly connected to the center of the driven gear (208-5), one end of the first connecting shaft (208-3) away from the driving motor (208-2) is rotatably connected to the crushing box (201) and is fixedly connected to one end of the first crushing roller (202), and one end of the second connecting shaft (208-6) away from the driven gear (208-5) is rotatably connected to the crushing box (201) and is fixedly connected to one end of the second crushing roller (203).

4. The shearing crusher for solid waste treatment as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A pointer (208-7) is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft (208-3); when the pointer (208-7) is pointing vertically downward, the bottom of the cam (207) contacts the upper surface of the filter screen plate (301) and applies a pressing force to the filter screen plate (301).

5. The shearing crusher for solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning structure (400) comprises a push plate (401) movably arranged inside the crushing box (201), a second bracket (402) fixedly connected to the left outer wall of the crushing box (201), and a telescopic cylinder (403) fixedly connected to the second bracket (402); a piston end of the telescopic cylinder (403) is movably inserted into the crushing box (201) and fixedly connected to one side of the push plate (401); when the cam (207) is not in contact with the filter screen plate (301), the push plate (401) is movably fitted to the upper surface of the filter screen plate (301).

6. The shearing crusher for solid waste treatment as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A discharge trough (209) is provided on the right side of the crushing box (201) corresponding to the push plate (401), and a drainage trough (210) is fixedly connected obliquely to the bottom end of the discharge trough (209) on the right side of the crushing box (201), and the bottom end of the drainage trough (210) is provided corresponding to the second collection box (206).

7. The shearing crusher for solid waste treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic member (302) comprises an upper mounting plate (302-1) fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter screen plate (301), a lower mounting plate (302-2) fixedly connected to the top of the bearing plate (303), and a telescopic rod (302-3) and a telescopic spring (302-4) fixedly connected between the upper mounting plate (302-1) and the lower mounting plate (302-2), wherein the telescopic spring (302-4) is movably sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod (302-3).

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