Sample press-fitting and withdrawing device for full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bed

Abstract

The utility model provides a full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bed sample press-fitting and withdrawing device which comprises a first axle clamping and centering mechanism, a movable baffle, an auxiliary tool, a wheel press-fitting and withdrawing device and a second axle clamping and centering mechanism. According to the device, the first axle clamping and centering mechanism, the second axle clamping and centering mechanism and the wheel press-fitting and withdrawing device are used in pairs to fully and stably support a sample, and meanwhile, the press-fitting or withdrawing stability of the sample is further improved by utilizing a movable baffle and an auxiliary tool; then a first hydraulic column and a second hydraulic column in the first axle clamping and centering mechanism and the second axle clamping and centering mechanism can realize accurate control of displacement in a sample pressing or withdrawing process; and finally, the device reduces the difficulty of press fitting or withdrawal of the sample, and greatly reduces the workload of testers. In conclusion, the device realizes high-precision press fitting and withdrawal of the axle, and greatly improves the axle fatigue test efficiency and the axle production speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of wheel axle press-fitting and unloading devices, in particular to a full-size wheel axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen press-fitting and unloading device. Background Art

[0002] The fatigue strength of the axle in a high-speed EMU is directly related to the safety of train operation. If the axle has problems such as fatigue fracture, it will lead to train derailment. Therefore, fatigue testing of the axle is an indispensable and important link. Before the fatigue test of the axle, the axle needs to be pressed first, and after the fatigue test of the axle, the axle also needs to be unloaded. However, during the process of pressing or unloading the axle, the company still does not have a device that can achieve high-precision pressing and unloading of the axle, which seriously restricts the efficiency of the fatigue test of the axle and leads to insufficient production speed of the axle. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to address the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, a full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device is provided, thereby solving the problem that the company has no device that can achieve high-precision pressing and unloading of axles, which seriously restricts the efficiency of axle fatigue testing and leads to insufficient production speed of axles.

[0004] In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, a full-size wheel axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device is provided, which includes a frame, and the left and right sides of the frame are respectively provided with a first axle clamping and centering mechanism and a second axle clamping and centering mechanism, a bottom track is fixed to the bottom of the frame, and two wheel pressing and unloading devices are symmetrically arranged on the bottom track, which are used to cooperate with the first axle clamping and centering mechanism and the second axle clamping and centering mechanism to press or unload the specimen, side guide rails are fixed on the opposite surfaces of the front and rear sides of the frame, and a movable baffle is inserted between the side guide rails on the front and rear sides of the frame to provide stable support for the pressing or unloading of the specimen.

[0005] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the first axle clamping and centering mechanism includes a first box body, and a first hydraulic column extends outward from the right side of the first box body, which is used to provide power for pressing or removing the sample. A first stabilizing column is inserted in the limiting groove on the top of the first box body, and the right side of the first stabilizing column is connected to the end of the first hydraulic column extending outward to improve the stability of the operation of the first hydraulic column. A first connecting head is also provided at the end of the first hydraulic column extending outward, and a first centering point is movably installed at the center position of the right side of the first connecting head, which is used to press the axial center position of the sample to improve the stability of pressing or removing the sample.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the front, rear and bottom of the movable baffle are provided with limiting edges, the limiting edges on the front and rear sides of the movable baffle are inserted into the track grooves of the side guide rails to achieve position limitation, the limiting edges on the bottom of the movable baffle are inserted into the track grooves of the bottom rails to achieve position limitation, and an installation groove is provided on the top of the movable baffle for installing samples to improve the stability of sample pressing or removal.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above scheme, an auxiliary tooling is installed in the installation groove to further improve the stability of sample pressing or unloading. The auxiliary tooling includes a fixed seat and an operating groove. The tops of the fixed seat and the operating groove are open to facilitate the lifting of the sample. The fixed seat is installed in the installation groove, and one end of the operating groove is bolted to one end of the fixed seat. A movable connecting rod is provided on the top of the operating groove to limit the position of the sample to prevent the sample from bursting out from the top.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the wheel pressing and unloading device includes a base, and limit blocks are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the base for clamping on the front and rear sides of the bottom track for fixation; a worm gear elevator is arranged on the top of the base, and the worm transmission end of the worm gear elevator is threadedly connected to a lifting platform; the fixing rods symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform are inserted into the top of the base to prevent the lifting platform from rotating; a fixed plate is fixed on the lifting platform for fixing the sample; the worm end of the worm gear elevator is connected to one end of the horizontal shaft through a universal joint, and the gear at the other end of the horizontal shaft meshes with the gear at one end of the column to realize power transmission; the other end of the column passes through the top plate of the lifting platform and is connected to the lifting handwheel, so that the height of the fixed plate can be adjusted by rotating the lifting handwheel.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the second axle clamping and centering mechanism includes a second box body, a second hydraulic column extends outward from the left side of the second box body, a second stabilizing column is inserted in the limiting groove on the top of the second box body, and the left side of the second stabilizing column is connected to the end of the second hydraulic column extending outward to further enhance the stability of the movement of the second hydraulic column, and the end of the second hydraulic column extending outward is movably connected to a second centering point for cooperating with the wheel pressing and unloading device to press the sample.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above solution, a storage bin is provided in the second box body for storing tools to improve convenience.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a full-size wheel axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device, which utilizes the paired use of the first axle clamping and centering mechanism, the second axle clamping and centering mechanism and the wheel pressing and unloading device to provide sufficient and stable support for the specimen, and at the same time utilizes the movable baffle and auxiliary tooling to further improve the stability of the specimen pressing or unloading; then the first hydraulic column and the second hydraulic column in the first axle clamping and centering mechanism and the second axle clamping and centering mechanism can realize the precise control of the displacement during the specimen pressing or unloading process; finally, the device reduces the difficulty of specimen pressing or unloading, and greatly reduces the workload of the test personnel.

[0013] In summary, the device realizes high-precision press-fitting and unloading of the axle, greatly improving the efficiency of the axle fatigue test and the production speed of the axle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 For the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0015] Figure 2 For the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a top view of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 It is the front view of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention after the frame is removed Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention after the frame is removed Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 7 This is the front view of the utility model after removing the frame;

[0021] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the first axle clamping and centering mechanism in the utility model;

[0022] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the movable baffle in the utility model;

[0023] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary tooling in the utility model;

[0024] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the wheel pressing and unloading device in the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0025] Fig.12It is a right side view of the wheel pressing and unloading device in the utility model;

[0026] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the wheel pressing and unloading device in the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0027] Fig.14 It is a left side view of the wheel pressing and unloading device in the utility model;

[0028] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the second axle clamping and centering mechanism in the utility model.

[0029] Among them, 1-frame; 2-first axle clamping and centering mechanism; 3-side guide rail; 4-movable baffle; 5-auxiliary tooling; 6-wheel pressing and unloading device; 7-second axle clamping and centering mechanism; 8-bottom track; 21-first box; 22-first stabilizing column; 23-first connecting head; 24-first centering top; 25-first hydraulic column; 41-limiting edge; 42-installation groove; 51-fixed seat; 52-operating groove; 61-base; 62-horizontal axis; 63-column; 64-lifting handwheel; 65-fixed plate; 66-lifting platform; 67-worm gear lift; 71-second box; 72-second centering top; 73-second stabilizing column; 74-second hydraulic column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0031] according to Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the utility model provides a specimen pressing and unloading device for a full-size wheel axle horizontal fatigue test bench, comprising a frame 1, a first axle clamping and centering mechanism 2 and a second axle clamping and centering mechanism 7 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the frame 1, a bottom rail 8 is fixed to the bottom of the frame 1, and two wheel pressing and unloading devices 6 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom rail 8, which are used to cooperate with the first axle clamping and centering mechanism 2 and the second axle clamping and centering mechanism 7 to press or unload the specimen, side guide rails 3 are fixed to the opposite surfaces of the front and rear sides of the frame 1, and a movable baffle 4 is inserted between the side guide rails 3 on the front and rear sides of the frame 1, which are used to provide stable support for the pressing or unloading of the specimen.

[0032] according to Figure 8As shown, the first axle clamping and centering mechanism 2 includes a first box body 21, and a first hydraulic column 25 extends outward from the right side of the first box body 21, which is used to provide power for pressing or unloading the sample. A first stabilizing column 22 is inserted in the limiting groove on the top of the first box body 21, and the right side of the first stabilizing column 22 is connected to the end of the first hydraulic column 25 extending outward to improve the stability of the operation of the first hydraulic column 25. A first connecting head 23 is also provided at the end of the first hydraulic column 25 extending outward, and a first centering top 24 is movably installed at the center position of the right side of the first connecting head 23, which is used to press the axial position of the sample to improve the stability of pressing or unloading the sample.

[0033] according to Fig. 9 As shown, the front, rear and bottom of the movable baffle 4 are provided with limiting edges 41, the limiting edges 41 on the front and rear sides of the movable baffle 4 are inserted into the track grooves of the side guide rails 3 to achieve position limitation, and the limiting edges 41 on the bottom of the movable baffle 4 are inserted into the track grooves of the bottom track 8 to achieve position limitation, and a mounting groove 42 is provided on the top of the movable baffle 4 for mounting samples to improve the stability of sample pressing or unloading.

[0034] according to Figure 1-Figure 7 and Fig.10 As shown, an auxiliary tooling 5 is installed in the installation groove 42 for further improving the stability of sample pressing or unloading. The auxiliary tooling 5 includes a fixed seat 51 and an operating groove 52. The tops of the fixed seat 51 and the operating groove 52 are both open to facilitate the lifting of the sample. The fixed seat 51 is installed in the installation groove 42, and one end of the operating groove 52 is bolted to one end of the fixed seat 51. A movable connecting rod is provided on the top of the operating groove 52 for limiting the position of the sample to prevent the sample from bursting out from the top.

[0035] according to Figure 11-Figure 14 As shown, the wheel pressing and unloading device 6 includes a base 61, and limit blocks are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the base 61 for clamping on the front and rear sides of the bottom track 8 for fixing. A worm gear lift 67 is arranged on the top of the base 61, and the worm transmission end of the worm gear lift 67 is threadedly connected to a lifting platform 66. The fixing rods symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform 66 are inserted into the top of the base 61 to prevent the lifting platform 66 from rotating. A fixing plate 65 is fixed on the lifting platform 66 for fixing the sample. The worm end of the worm gear lift 67 is connected to one end of the horizontal shaft 62 through a universal joint, and the gear at the other end of the horizontal shaft 62 is meshed with the gear at one end of the column 63 to realize power transmission. The other end of the column 63 passes through the top plate of the lifting platform 66 and is connected to the lifting hand wheel 64, so that the height of the fixing plate 65 can be adjusted by rotating the lifting hand wheel 64.

[0036] according to Fig.15As shown, the second axle clamping and centering mechanism 7 includes a second box body 71, a second hydraulic column 74 extends outward from the left side of the second box body 71, a second stabilizing column 73 is inserted in the limiting groove on the top of the second box body 71, and the left side of the second stabilizing column 73 is connected to the end of the second hydraulic column 74 extending outward to further enhance the stability of the movement of the second hydraulic column 74, and the end of the second hydraulic column 74 extending outward is movably connected with a second centering tip 72 for cooperating with the wheel pressing and unloading device 6 to press the sample, and a storage bin is provided in the second box body 71 for storing tools to improve convenience.

[0037] The utility model provides a test specimen pressing and unloading device for a full-size wheel axle horizontal fatigue test bench. When working, each mechanism is in an original position.

[0038] ①When press-fitting, there are two forms:

[0039] The first form: adjust the movable baffle 4 to a suitable position and fix it, and at the same time rotate the lifting hand wheel 64 to adjust the position of the fixed plate 65 to a suitable height; then fix the auxiliary tooling 5 in the mounting groove 42 at the top of the movable baffle 4; use a bridge crane to lift the axle with a wheel or bearing sleeved thereon, insert one end of the axle into the fixed plate 65, and place the other end in the auxiliary tooling 5, and place the wheel or bearing in the working groove 52 of the auxiliary tooling 5; the first hydraulic column 25 in the first axle clamping and centering mechanism 2 pushes the first centering tip 24 to push the axle to a suitable position relative to the wheel, so that the press-fitting of the wheel or bearing and the axle is completed, and the axle after press-fitting is lifted by a bridge crane and transferred to the next sequence;

[0040] The second form: the lifting hand wheel 64 is rotated to adjust the position of the fixing plate 65 to a suitable height; the wheel or bearing is fixed by the fixing plate 65 in the wheel pressing and unloading device 6, one end of the axle is inserted into the center hole of the wheel or bearing by a bridge-type lifting device, and the other end is supported by the second centering top 72 in the second axle clamping and centering mechanism 7, and then the axle is pushed by the second hydraulic column 74 to complete the press-fitting of the wheel or bearing and the axle, and then the axle after press-fitting is lifted by the bridge-type lifting device and transferred to the next sequence;

[0041] ②When unloading, there are two forms:

[0042] The first form: adjust the movable baffle 4 to a suitable position and fix it, and at the same time rotate the lifting hand wheel 64 to adjust the position of the fixed plate 65 to a suitable height; then fix the auxiliary tooling 5 in the mounting groove 42 at the top of the movable baffle 4; use a bridge crane to lift the axle with a wheel or bearing sleeved thereon, insert one end of the axle into the fixed plate 65, and place the other end in the auxiliary tooling 5, and place the wheel or bearing in the working groove 52 of the auxiliary tooling 5; the first hydraulic column 25 in the first axle clamping and centering mechanism 2 pushes the first centering tip 24 to push the axle to a suitable position relative to the wheel, so that the press-fitting of the wheel or bearing and the axle is completed, and the axle after press-fitting is lifted by a bridge crane and transferred to the next sequence.

[0043] The second form: the axle with the wheel or bearing fixed thereon is lifted by a bridge-type lifting device, the wheel or bearing is fixed by the fixing plate 65 in the wheel pressing and unloading device 6, the short end of the axle is supported by the second centering top 72 in the second axle clamping and centering mechanism 7, and then the axle is pushed by the second hydraulic column 74 to complete the unloading of the wheel or bearing and the axle, and then the unloading axle is lifted by the bridge-type lifting device and transferred to the next sequence;

[0044] The above embodiments are not limited to the technical solutions of the embodiments themselves, and the embodiments can be combined with each other to form new embodiments. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model and are not intended to limit them. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model shall be included in the scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device, characterized by: The invention comprises a frame (1), wherein the left and right sides of the frame (1) are respectively provided with a first axle clamping and centering mechanism (2) and a second axle clamping and centering mechanism (7); a bottom rail (8) is fixed to the bottom of the frame (1); two wheel pressing and unloading devices (6) are symmetrically arranged on the bottom rail (8) for cooperating with the first axle clamping and centering mechanism (2) and the second axle clamping and centering mechanism (7) to press or unload a specimen; side guide rails (3) are fixed to opposite surfaces of the front and rear sides of the frame (1); a movable baffle (4) is inserted between the side guide rails (3) on the front and rear sides of the frame (1) for providing stable support for pressing or unloading the specimen.

2. The full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first axle clamping and centering mechanism (2) comprises a first box body (21), a first hydraulic column (25) extending outwardly from the right side of the first box body (21) for providing power for pressing or unloading the sample, a first stabilizing column (22) inserted in the limiting groove at the top of the first box body (21), the right side of the first stabilizing column (22) connected to the end of the first hydraulic column (25) extending outwardly to improve the stability of the operation of the first hydraulic column (25), the end of the first hydraulic column (25) extending outwardly is also provided with a first connecting head (23), and a first centering top (24) is movably installed at the center position of the right side of the first connecting head (23) for pressing the axial center position of the sample to improve the stability of pressing or unloading the sample.

3. The full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The front and rear sides and the bottom of the movable baffle (4) are all provided with limiting edges (41); the limiting edges (41) on the front and rear sides of the movable baffle (4) are inserted into the track grooves of the side guide rails (3) to achieve position limitation; the limiting edges (41) on the bottom of the movable baffle (4) are inserted into the track grooves of the bottom track (8) to achieve position limitation; and a mounting groove (42) is provided on the top of the movable baffle (4) for mounting a sample to improve the stability of sample pressing or unloading.

4. The full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device according to claim 3 is characterized by: An auxiliary tooling (5) is installed in the installation groove (42) for further improving the stability of sample pressing or unloading. The auxiliary tooling (5) includes a fixing seat (51) and an operating groove (52). The tops of the fixing seat (51) and the operating groove (52) are both open to facilitate the lifting of the sample. The fixing seat (51) is installed in the installation groove (42). One end of the operating groove (52) is bolted to one end of the fixing seat (51). A movable connecting rod is provided at the top of the operating groove (52) for limiting the position of the sample to prevent the sample from collapsing from the top.

5. The full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The wheel pressing and unloading device (6) comprises a base (61), the bottom of the base (61) is symmetrically provided with limit blocks for clamping on the front and rear sides of the bottom track (8) to achieve fixation, the top of the base (61) is provided with a worm gear elevator (67), the worm gear transmission end of the worm gear elevator (67) is threadedly connected to a lifting platform (66), and the fixing rods symmetrically provided at the bottom of the lifting platform (66) are inserted into the top of the base (61) to prevent the lifting platform (66) from rotating. A fixed plate (65) is fixed on the lifting platform (66) for fixing the sample. The worm end of the worm gear lifter (67) is connected to one end of the horizontal shaft (62) through a universal joint. The gear at the other end of the horizontal shaft (62) meshes with the gear at one end of the column (63) to achieve power transmission. The other end of the column (63) passes through the top plate of the lifting platform (66) and is connected to the lifting hand wheel (64), so that the height of the fixed plate (65) can be adjusted by rotating the lifting hand wheel (64).

6. The full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device according to claim 5 is characterized by: The second axle clamping and centering mechanism (7) comprises a second box body (71), a second hydraulic column (74) extending outwardly from the left side of the second box body (71), a second stabilizing column (73) inserted into a limiting groove at the top of the second box body (71), the left side of the second stabilizing column (73) connected to the end of the second hydraulic column (74) extending outwardly to further enhance the stability of the movement of the second hydraulic column (74), and the end of the second hydraulic column (74) extending outwardly is movably connected to a second centering tip (72) for cooperating with the wheel pressing and unloading device (6) to press the sample.

7. The full-size axle horizontal fatigue test bench specimen pressing and unloading device according to claim 6 is characterized by: A storage compartment is provided in the second box body (71) for storing tools to improve convenience.

Images