Concrete guide table for small-diameter TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) during tunnel entering, station crossing and starting

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel underground engineering, and particularly discloses a concrete guide table for a small-diameter TBM during tunnel entering, station crossing and starting, the concrete guide table comprises a bottom plate and two side walls arranged on the bottom plate, a groove is formed in the top of the bottom plate in the length direction of the bottom plate, the length directions of the two side walls are the same as the length direction of the bottom plate, and the two side walls are arranged in the groove. Arc-shaped grooves are formed in the opposite faces of the two side walls, and the groove and the arc-shaped grooves jointly form a TBM containing groove. The method has the effect of improving the inconvenience caused by excavating the starting hole and the stepping hole in advance by using a drilling and blasting method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel underground engineering, and in particular to a concrete guide platform for a small-diameter TBM to enter a tunnel, pass a station, or start. Background Art

[0002] At present, tunnel boring machines, hereinafter referred to as TBMs, are generally used for tunnel construction in underground areas, such as the construction of drainage corridors in pumped storage power stations. TBMs mainly include a cutterhead, a cutterhead drive unit, and a gripper tightening mechanism. The gripper tightening mechanism includes two arc grippers symmetrically arranged along the axis of the cutterhead and a gripper cylinder for synchronously driving the two arc grippers to move closer or farther in the lateral direction. The axes of the two arc grippers coincide with the axis of the cutterhead.

[0003] When in use, it is necessary to first excavate the starting and stepping holes, and then push the cutter head into the starting and stepping holes. The support shoe cylinder drives the two arc-shaped support shoes to press against the inner walls of the starting and stepping holes to provide a starting reaction force, and then drives the cutter head to operate and crush the rock. At the same time, the cutter head advances under the driving action of the cutter head drive unit, thereby realizing rapid excavation of the tunnel.

[0004] The drilling and blasting method is currently widely used for the preliminary excavation of the starting and stepping holes, that is, blasting with explosives. When the TBM starts and steps from an existing tunnel or culvert, the use of blasting to excavate the starting and stepping holes in the existing tunnel or culvert will affect the stability of the existing structure, and in severe cases will cause landslides, increasing safety hazards; and a large number of professional personnel and equipment are required to complete the blasting operation, which has a long construction period and high operating costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to improve the inconvenience caused by using the drilling and blasting method to excavate the starting point and step into the hole, the present application provides a concrete guide platform for a small-diameter TBM to enter the hole, pass the station, and start.

[0006] The concrete guide platform for a small-diameter TBM used for entering a tunnel, passing a station, and starting out adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A concrete guide platform for a small-diameter TBM to enter a tunnel, pass a station, or start out comprises a bottom plate and two side walls arranged on the bottom plate. A groove is provided on the top of the bottom plate along its length direction. The length directions of the two side walls are the same as that of the bottom plate. Arc grooves are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two side walls. The grooves and the arc grooves together form a TBM accommodating groove.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the cutter head of the TBM is pushed into the TBM receiving groove along the axis direction of the TBM receiving groove until the gripper shoe tightening mechanism is also located in the TBM receiving groove, and then the gripper shoe cylinder is started to drive the two arc-shaped grippers to move away from each other and press against the inner wall of the TBM receiving groove, thereby providing a starting reaction force for the movement of the cutter head. The bottom plate, side wall, groove and arc-shaped groove are set as the starting and stepping holes during TBM operation, and the drilling and blasting method is not required, which improves the inconvenience caused by using the drilling and blasting method to first excavate the starting and stepping holes.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of empty push slide rails are arranged on the base plate, and the empty push slide rails include an embedded plate, a track pressing block and a track. The embedded plate is embedded in the base plate along the length direction of the base plate, and the track is arranged on the top of the embedded plate, and the length direction of the track is consistent with the length direction of the embedded plate; the track pressing block is arranged on both sides of the track on the embedded plate, and the two track pressing blocks jointly press the track to the embedded plate, and the track protrudes from the embedded plate, and the part of the track protruding from the embedded plate is located in the TBM receiving groove.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the arrangement of the embedded plate, the track block and the track enables the TBM to be supported by the track when it is pushed into the TBM receiving slot without being emptied. On the one hand, the TBM can be pushed into the TBM receiving slot smoothly, and on the other hand, the contact area between the TBM and the bottom plate and the side wall can be reduced, thereby reducing the wear of the TBM and extending its service life.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of stabilizing ribs are provided on the side of the embedded plate facing away from the track.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the stabilizing ribs can stabilize and strengthen the connection between the embedded plate and the base plate, prevent the risk of the embedded plate moving and dislocating under pressure, and improve the overall strength of the base plate.

[0013] Optionally, side walls are provided on the sides opposite to each other of the two side walls.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the support shoe cylinder drives the two arc-shaped support shoes to move away from each other and press against the inner wall of the TBM receiving groove, the setting of the side wall can limit the side wall, reduce the risk of deformation and displacement of the side wall due to force, and thereby increase the overall strength of the concrete guide platform of the present application.

[0015] Optionally, the bottom plate, side wall and side wall are all reinforced concrete structural members.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom plate, side wall and side wall are formed into a whole by pouring concrete, which improves the overall strength of the concrete guide platform. In addition, the reinforced concrete material is easy to obtain at the construction site, the cost is low, and the cost is saved.

[0017] Optionally, a plurality of anchor rods are provided downwardly at the bottom of the bottom plate and the bottom of the side wall.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the anchor rods enables the bottom plate and the side walls to be stably connected to the ground in the tunnel, thereby better supporting the TBM and providing an initial reaction force for the TBM.

[0019] Optionally, a water collecting trough is provided at the bottom of the base plate along the length direction of the base plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the water collection tank allows the water in the tunnel to be collected in the water collection tank. By regularly pumping out water, the overall relative dryness of the concrete guide platform can be ensured, avoiding the TBM from being flooded during the excavation process.

[0021] Optionally, a steel temporary bridge is commonly provided on the top of the two side walls, and the steel temporary bridge is covered on the top of the two side walls along the length direction of the side walls.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the provision of a steel temporary bridge can provide certain protection for the TBM placed in the TBM containing tank, preventing dust, gravel, etc. in the tunnel from falling into the TBM, while also enabling construction workers to safely cross the concrete guide platform through the steel temporary bridge.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. The grooves on the bottom plate and the arc grooves on the side walls together form a TBM accommodation groove, which serves as the starting and stepping holes during TBM operation, eliminating the step of pre-excavating the starting and stepping holes in the existing tunnel by blasting. On the one hand, it reduces safety hazards, and on the other hand, it improves the efficiency of the operation.

[0025] 2. The setting of embedded plates, track blocks and tracks enables the TBM to be better supported when it moves in the TBM accommodation slot, reducing the contact area between the TBM and the bottom plate and side walls, thereby reducing friction damage to the TBM during movement and extending its service life;

[0026] 3. The setting of the side wall can limit the side wall. When the support shoe cylinder drives the two arc-shaped support shoes to move away from each other and press against the inner wall of the TBM receiving tank, the side wall can reduce the risk of deformation and displacement of the side wall due to stress and increase the overall strength of the concrete guide platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A;

[0031] Figure numerals: 1. bottom plate; 11. groove; 12. empty push slide rail; 121. embedded plate; 122. track block; 123. track; 124. stabilizing rib; 2. side wall; 21. arc groove; 3. side wall; 4. anchor rod; 5. steel temporary bridge; 6. water collecting trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 This application is described in further detail.

[0033] The present application embodiment discloses a concrete guide platform for a small diameter TBM when entering a tunnel, passing a station, or starting out. Figure 1 The concrete guide platform for small-diameter TBMs to enter tunnels, pass through stations, and start out includes a reinforced concrete structure bottom plate 1, side wall 2, and side wall 3. A semicircular groove 11 is provided on the top of the bottom plate 1 along its length direction. The diameter of the groove 11 is slightly larger than the cutter head diameter of the TBM. The side wall 2 is arranged on the top of the bottom plate 1, and two groups of side walls 2 are symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate 1. Arc grooves 21 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two side walls 2. The grooves 11 and the arc grooves 21 together form a TBM accommodating groove. The radius of the arc groove 21 is the same as that of the groove 11, and the axes of the two arc grooves 21 coincide with the axes of the groove 11. The side wall 3 is located on the side where the two side walls 2 are away from each other. When forming a concrete guide platform, first, a guide platform placement groove is excavated on the ground of an existing tunnel or culvert, and then a steel frame for forming the outer shape of the bottom plate 1 is placed in the guide platform placement groove. The bottom plate 1 is then cast for the first time, and then the steel frame for forming the side wall 2 and the side wall 3 is bundled above the bottom plate 1. The steel frame forming the outer shape of the bottom plate 1 and the steel frame forming the side wall 2 and the side wall 3 are bundled into a whole. Then, the side wall 2 and the side wall 3 are cast in one piece for a second time. The steel frame is not shown in the figure.

[0034] When in use, the cutter head of the TBM is directly pushed into the TBM receiving groove along the TBM receiving groove until the shoe tightening mechanism of the TBM is also located in the TBM receiving groove, the shoe tightening cylinder is started to drive the two arc-shaped shoes to tighten against the inner wall of the TBM receiving groove to provide the starting reaction force, and then the cutter head is driven to operate and break the rock mass, while the cutter head is driven by the drive of the cutter head driving part to dig, thereby realizing the rapid excavation of the tunnel. The TBM receiving groove in the concrete guide platform of the present application serves as the starting and stepping hole for excavation, and there is no need to blast in the existing tunnel or culvert to form the starting and stepping holes, which improves the inconvenience caused by using the drilling and blasting method to excavate the starting and stepping holes in advance.

[0035] Further, see Figure 2 In order to increase the pressure bearing capacity of the side wall 2 and the side wall 3 and prevent the side wall 3 and the side wall 2 from deforming and shifting under the pressure of the support shoe cylinder, multiple anchor rods 4 are arranged downward at the bottom of the bottom plate 1 and the bottom of the side wall 3. The anchor rods 4 extend below the ground, and multiple groups of anchor rods 4 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the bottom plate 1. The setting of the anchor rods 4 is used to increase the shear and pull-out resistance of the concrete guide platform, thereby improving the overall strength of the concrete guide platform.

[0036] Furthermore, in order to prevent dust, gravel, etc. from falling into the tunnel or culvert during the operation of the TBM and causing pollution or damage to the TBM, a steel temporary bridge 5 is provided on the top of the two side walls 2. The cross-section of the steel temporary bridge 5 is C-shaped. After the side wall 2 is completed, the steel temporary bridge 5 is covered above the TBM receiving tank to prevent dust, gravel, etc. from falling into the TBM receiving tank. The provision of the steel temporary bridge 5 also facilitates the staff to climb over the concrete guide platform.

[0037] In addition, refer to Figure 2-3In order to reduce the friction damage of the TBM when it slides in the TBM receiving groove, two empty push slide rails 12 are installed on the bottom plate 1. The two empty push slide rails 12 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate 1 along the axis of the groove 11. The empty push slide rail 12 specifically includes an embedded plate 121, a track block 122 and a track 123. The embedded plate 121 is made of a 2cm thick steel plate. The embedded plate 121 is pre-buried in the bottom plate 1, and the depth of the embedded plate 121 buried in the bottom plate 1 is not less than 5cm. The track 123 is vertically arranged on the top wall of the embedded plate 121. The length direction of the track 123 is the same as the length direction of the embedded plate 121. The track 123 specifically uses an I-beam. The track block 122 is welded and fixed to the top of the embedded plate 121, and the track block 122 is symmetrically arranged in two groups along the axis of the track 123. The cross section of the track block 122 is L-shaped. The two track blocks 122 jointly press and clamp one side plate of the I-beam on the top wall of the embedded plate 121, and the other side plate of the I-beam away from the embedded plate 121 protrudes from the bottom plate 1 and is located in the groove 11. The angle of the track 123 in the two empty push slides 12 ranges from 30° to 90°, preferably 60° in this embodiment, and 30° or 45° can also be selected in other embodiments. In addition, the empty push slides 12 are arranged in multiple groups at intervals along the length direction of the bottom plate 1. When the TBM is pushed into the TBM receiving groove, the lower part of the TBM body moves by friction on the track 123, and will not directly contact the inner wall forming the TBM receiving groove, thereby reducing the contact area between the TBM and the bottom plate 1 and the side wall 2, reducing the wear of the TBM, and extending the service life.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the embedded plate 121 can be fixed firmly in the bottom plate 1, a stabilizing rib 124 is welded and fixed on the side of the embedded plate 121 away from the track 123. The stabilizing rib 124 is arranged in multiple groups at intervals along the length direction of the embedded plate 121. Each group of stabilizing ribs 124 is provided with two stabilizing ribs, and the two stabilizing ribs 124 are symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the embedded plate 121. The stabilizing rib 124 specifically adopts HRB400Eφ25 L-shaped threaded steel. The stabilizing ribs 124 in the same group are all welded to the embedded plate 121 at one end, and the other ends of the stabilizing ribs 124 are away from each other along the width direction of the embedded plate 121. The arrangement of the stabilizing rib 124 can make the connection between the embedded plate 121 and the bottom plate 1 more stable, thereby making the track 123 more capable of bearing pressure.

[0039] In addition, refer to Figure 1 In order to collect and discharge the accumulated water seeping out of the tunnel, a water collecting trough 6 is provided at the bottom of the base plate 1. The length direction of the water collecting trough 6 is the same as the length direction of the base plate 1. During the TBM excavation process, the water in the tunnel is collected in the water collecting trough 6. The staff will regularly suck out the water in the water collecting trough 6 to reduce the probability of water immersion during the use of the TBM.

[0040] The implementation principle of the concrete guide platform for small-diameter TBM in the embodiment of the present application for entering the tunnel, passing the station, and starting is as follows: after the concrete guide platform is made at the construction site, the TBM is pushed into the TBM receiving slot along the track 123. When the TBM's gripper shoe tightening mechanism is also located in the TBM receiving slot, the gripper shoe cylinder is started to drive the two arc-shaped grippers to tighten against the inner wall of the TBM receiving slot, thereby providing a starting reaction force for the forward excavation of the cutter disc, and then the cutter disc is driven to operate and crush the rock mass. At the same time, the cutter disc is driven to excavate under the driving action of the cutter disc drive unit, thereby realizing rapid tunnel excavation. There is no need to perform blasting operations in existing tunnels or culverts to excavate the starting and stepping holes in advance, which improves the inconvenience caused by using the drilling and blasting method to excavate the starting and stepping holes in advance.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs. The words "first", "second", "third" and similar words used in the specification and claims of this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "One" or "one" and similar words do not indicate a quantitative limit, but indicate that there is at least one. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprise" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0042] The above are all optional embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A concrete guide platform for small-diameter TBMs used for entering tunnels, passing stations, and starting out, characterized by: The invention comprises a bottom plate (1) and two side walls (2) arranged on the bottom plate (1), wherein a groove (11) is provided on the top of the bottom plate (1) along its length direction, the length directions of the two side walls (2) are the same as the length direction of the bottom plate (1), and arc grooves (21) are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two side walls (2), and the groove (11) and the arc groove (21) together form a TBM accommodating groove.

2. The concrete guide platform for a small-diameter TBM used for entering a tunnel, passing a station, and starting out according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of empty push rails (12) are arranged on the bottom plate (1), the empty push rails (12) comprising an embedded plate (121), a track pressing block (122) and a track (123); the embedded plate (121) is embedded in the bottom plate (1) along the length direction of the bottom plate (1); the track (123) is arranged on the top of the embedded plate (121); the length direction of the track (123) is consistent with the length direction of the embedded plate (121); the track pressing block (122) is arranged on both sides of the track (123) on the embedded plate (121); the two track pressing blocks (122) jointly press the track (123) to fix it on the embedded plate (121); the track (123) protrudes from the embedded plate (121), and the part of the track (123) protruding from the embedded plate (121) is located in the TBM receiving groove.

3. The concrete guide platform for a small-diameter TBM used for entering a tunnel, passing a station, and starting out according to claim 2 is characterized by: A plurality of stabilizing ribs (124) are provided on a side of the embedded plate (121) facing away from the track (123).

4. The concrete guide platform for a small-diameter TBM used for entering a tunnel, passing a station, and starting out according to claim 1 is characterized by: Side walls (3) are provided on the opposite sides of the two side walls (2).

5. The concrete guide platform for a small diameter TBM for entering a tunnel, passing a station, or starting out according to claim 4 is characterized by: The bottom plate (1), side wall (2) and side wall (3) are all reinforced concrete structural members.

6. The concrete guide platform for a small-diameter TBM used for entering a tunnel, passing a station, and starting out according to claim 5 is characterized by: The bottom of the bottom plate (1) and the bottom of the side wall (3) are both provided with a plurality of anchor rods (4) downward.

7. The concrete guide platform for a small diameter TBM for entering a tunnel, passing a station, or starting out according to claim 1 is characterized by: A water collecting trough (6) is provided at the bottom of the base plate along the length direction of the base plate.

8. The concrete guide platform for a small diameter TBM for entering a tunnel, passing a station, or starting out according to claim 1 is characterized by: A steel temporary bridge (5) is commonly provided on the top of the two side walls (2), and the steel temporary bridge (5) is covered on the top of the two side walls (2) along the length direction of the side walls (2).

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