Hydraulic sleeve type charging device for coal seam roof cutting and pressure relief

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic sleeve type charging device for coal seam roof cutting pressure relief, which relates to the technical field of coal mining and comprises a charging sleeve and a hydraulic push rod. The free end of the hydraulic push rod penetrates through the through hole and enters the charging sleeve; the upper portion of the inner wall of the charging sleeve is provided with an anti-backward-sliding structure. A charging window is formed in the side wall of the charging sleeve and located below the backward sliding prevention structure. The utility model discloses a hydraulic sleeve type charging device for coal seam roof cutting pressure relief. The hydraulic sleeve type charging device mainly structurally comprises a charging sleeve and a hydraulic push rod. Explosive in the charging sleeve can be pushed into a blast hole and fixed through the hydraulic push rod, the structure is simple, operation is convenient and fast, the production efficiency is improved, the guide rail in the charging sleeve can be matched with gaps between prefabricated charging pipe pieces outside the explosive to achieve control over the cracking direction, and the cracking efficiency is improved. The influence of human factors on the precision and accuracy of explosive filling is avoided, and accidents caused by incorrect operation and explosive processing are prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a hydraulic sleeve type charging device used for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief. Background Art

[0002] Scientifically and effectively recovering coal resources has become a key issue in mine mining. Using roof-cutting and pressure-relieving technology to pre-crack the roof reduces the stress of coal pillars during mining, effectively reducing the number of coal pillars left and achieving coal seam resource recovery.

[0003] Patent publication number CN115539075A discloses a method for arranging retreat tunnels for pre-splitting and decompression in the working face of a medium-thick coal seam with a hard roof. During the working face advancement process, the main and auxiliary retreat tunnels and the pressure relief tunnel are excavated outside the influence range of the advance support pressure. At the same time, the construction, charging and blasting of pre-splitting blasting drilling, vertical loosening blasting drilling and fan-shaped loosening blasting drilling are completed in the pressure relief tunnel. First, the roof between the main retreat tunnel and the rear goaf is cut off by pre-splitting blasting. Then, with the help of loosening blasting, the hard roof of the working face in the last mining section is weakened and enhanced in permeability, so that when the working face is mined back to the main withdrawal tunnel, the roof of the goaf behind the hydraulic support of the working face collapses and relieves pressure in time. At this time, the working face top hanging distance is reduced, and the supporting performance of the hydraulic support is maximized, thereby optimizing the stress distribution of the mining field at the end of mining, effectively controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock, reducing the support cost of the withdrawal tunnel, improving the safe production environment of the last mining section, and shortening the time for moving and reversing the working face.

[0004] During the process of top cutting and pressure relief, a drilling rig is required to drill deep holes with a certain spacing on the side of the tunnel to load explosives, and directional fracturing is achieved through the slit tube. The process of loading explosives into deep drill holes is generally done manually using a blasting stick. During the loading process, operational errors may cause the explosives to fail to reach the specified position or the rotation direction of the slit tube, thereby affecting the overall effect of top cutting and pressure relief. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the steps and number of manual operations, improve production efficiency, avoid the influence of human factors on the precision and accuracy of explosive charging, and prevent incorrect operation and accidents when handling explosives, the utility model provides a hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides a hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief, comprising a charging sleeve and a hydraulic push rod; the charging sleeve is a cylindrical structure with an open top, and a through hole is provided at the bottom of the charging sleeve, and the free end of the hydraulic push rod passes through the through hole and enters the charging sleeve; an anti-slip structure is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the charging sleeve; a charging window is provided on the side wall of the charging sleeve, and the charging window is located below the anti-slip structure.

[0008] Optionally, a guide rail is provided on the inner wall of the charge sleeve, and the guide rail is used to guide the prefabricated charge tube segment placed in the charge sleeve.

[0009] Optionally, the anti-slip structure includes a coil spring; one end of the coil spring is connected to the inner wall of the charge sleeve, and the other end of the coil spring extends toward the center of the charge sleeve.

[0010] Optionally, the hydraulic push rod includes an internal push rod, an external sleeve rod and a lifting rod; the internal push rod is located inside the external sleeve rod; the lifting rod is arranged at the bottom end of the external sleeve rod, and the external sleeve rod is used to control the lifting and lowering of the internal push rod and the external sleeve rod.

[0011] Optionally, the hydraulic push rod also includes a hinged rod; the hinged rod is arranged between the top of the internal push rod and the top of the external sleeve rod; the hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief also includes an anti-backward slip plate, which is used to fix the charge in the blast hole; the hinged rod is used to make the anti-backward slip plate open in the blast hole.

[0012] Optionally, the hinged rod includes a first rod and a second rod; one end of the first rod is rotatably connected to the top of the internal push rod, one end of the second rod is rotatably connected to the top of the external sleeve rod, and the other end of the first rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the second rod.

[0013] Optionally, the anti-slip plate includes a cone and a ring plate; the cone is a truncated cone structure with a smaller diameter at the upper end and a larger diameter at the lower end, one end of the ring plate is connected to the larger diameter end of the cone, and the outer wall of the ring plate is parallel to the outer wall of the cone; a plurality of incisions are evenly arranged on the ring plate along the circumference.

[0014] Optionally, the hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief also includes a prefabricated charge segment; the prefabricated charge segment is an annular segment with an angle less than 180 degrees, and two magnets are respectively provided at both ends of the prefabricated charge segment; the prefabricated charge segment is used to enclose explosives.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following technical effects:

[0016] The utility model discloses a hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief, and its main structure comprises a charging sleeve and a hydraulic push rod; the explosive in the charging sleeve can be pushed into the blast hole and fixed by the hydraulic push rod; the utility model has a simple structure, is convenient and quick to operate, and improves production efficiency; the fracture direction can be controlled by cooperating with the gap between the prefabricated charging tube segments outside the explosive through the guide rail in the charging sleeve, thereby avoiding the influence of human factors on the precision and accuracy of the explosive filling, and preventing accidents caused by incorrect operation and handling of explosives. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic sleeve-type charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a charge sleeve in a hydraulic sleeve-type charge device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic push rod in a hydraulic sleeve-type charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of a hydraulic push rod in a hydraulic sleeve-type charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of two segments sandwiching explosives in a hydraulic sleeve-type charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a prefabricated charge segment in a hydraulic sleeve-type charge device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-slip plate in a hydraulic sleeve-type charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-slip state of the anti-slip structure in the hydraulic sleeve-type charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the retracted state of the anti-slip structure in the hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in the present invention.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1. Charge sleeve; 2. Hydraulic push rod; 3. Guide rail; 4. Internal push rod; 5. Articulated rod; 6. External sleeve rod; 7. Lifting rod; 8. Prefabricated charge tube segment; 9. Explosive; 10. Magnet; 11. Cone; 12. Ring segment; 13. Notch; 14. Anti-reverse slide; 15. Coil spring; 16. Anti-reverse slide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief, including a charging sleeve 1 and a hydraulic push rod 2; the charging sleeve 1 is a cylindrical structure with an open top, and a through hole is provided at the bottom of the charging sleeve 1, and the free end of the hydraulic push rod 2 passes through the through hole and enters the charging sleeve 1; an anti-slip structure is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the charging sleeve 1; a charging window is provided on the side wall of the charging sleeve 1, and the charging window is located below the anti-slip structure.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, the charge sleeve 1 has an inner diameter of 10 cm, a wall thickness of 1.5 cm, and a length of 1.0 m. A hole is opened at the bottom of the charge sleeve 1 for the extension and retraction of the hydraulic push rod 2. Half of the wall is cut away at a distance of 30-60 cm from the bottom of the pipe to serve as a charging window. A groove is formed in the pipe wall and an anti-slip structure is provided. The anti-slip structure includes a coil spring 15 and an anti-slip slider 16. The middle portion of the coil spring 15 is connected to the lower portion of the groove in the pipe wall via a pin. One end of the coil spring 15 rests on the inner wall of the groove in the pipe wall, and the other end of the coil spring 15 is fixedly connected to the anti-slip slider 16. A stop is provided at the lower portion of the groove in the pipe wall at the same height as the pin. The lower end of the anti-slip slider 16 forms a limit with the bottom surface of the stop, ensuring that the anti-slip slider 16 remains horizontal under the pressure of the charge. A raised guide rail 3 is integrated with the pipe wall and serves to guide the prefabricated charge segments 8 placed within the charge sleeve 1.

[0032] The hydraulic push rod 2 includes an internal push rod 4, an external sleeve rod 6 and a lifting rod 7; the internal push rod 4 is located inside the external sleeve rod 6; the lifting rod 7 is arranged at the bottom end of the external sleeve rod 6, and the external sleeve rod 6 is used to control the lifting and lowering of the internal push rod 4 and the external sleeve rod 6.

[0033] In a more specific embodiment, the outer rod 6 has a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 80 cm, while the inner push rod 4 has a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 1 m. The outer rod 6 fits over the inner push rod 4, and both rods pass through a through-hole in the bottom of the charge sleeve 1. A hydraulic lift rod 7 at the bottom is connected to the inner push rod 4. When the lift rod 7 is raised in its first section, it pushes against the outer rod 6, stretching the hinged member 5 between them. The lift rod 7 is a telescopic structure, and when fully extended, it measures 8 m.

[0034] The hydraulic push rod 2 also includes a hinged rod 5; a hinged rod 5 is provided between the top of the internal push rod 4 and the top of the external sleeve rod 6; the hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief also includes an anti-backward sliding plate 14, which is used to fix the charge in the blast hole; the hinged rod 5 is used to make the anti-backward sliding plate 14 open in the blast hole.

[0035] In a more specific embodiment, the hinged rod 5 includes a first rod and a second rod; one end of the first rod is rotatably connected to the top of the internal push rod 4, one end of the second rod is rotatably connected to the top of the external sleeve rod 6, and the other end of the first rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the second rod.

[0036] The anti-slip plate 14 includes a cone 11 and an annular plate 12. The cone 11 is a truncated cone structure with a smaller diameter at the top and a larger diameter at the bottom. One end of the annular plate 12 is connected to the larger diameter end of the cone 11, and the outer wall of the annular plate 12 is parallel to the outer wall of the cone 11. Multiple cuts 13 are evenly arranged on the annular plate 12 along the circumference. More specifically, the cone 11 is not sealed on the top and bottom. An annular plate 12 parallel to the bottom surface of the cone 11 is welded on the bottom circle. Four cuts 13 are made on the iron sheet on the side of the cone 11 and the circle of annular plates 12 welded on the bottom. The planes of the cuts 13 are perpendicular to each other. When the hydraulic push rod 2 stretches and pulls the hinged rod 5, the rod will be clamped and fixed to the annular plates 12 in this structure.

[0037] The hydraulic sleeve-type charging device for coal seam roof removal and pressure relief also includes a prefabricated charge segment 8; the prefabricated charge segment 8 is an annular segment with an angle less than 180 degrees, and is equipped with two magnets 10 at each end. The prefabricated charge segment 8 is used to enclose explosives 9. The distance from the center of the prefabricated charge segment 8 to the outer wall is 25 mm, the wall thickness is 2 mm, and each segment is 30 cm long. The top and bottom surfaces of the prefabricated charge segment 8 are grooved and embedded with a total of four magnets 10. After two prefabricated charge segments 8 are assembled and filled with emulsion explosives 9, they align with the guide rails 3 of the charging sleeve 1 to prevent the segments from rotating during the pushing process.

[0038] In this specific embodiment, the charge sleeve 1 is made of PVC plastic, the hydraulic push rod 2 is made of iron, the prefabricated charge tube segment 8 is made of PVC plastic with embedded magnets, and the trumpet-shaped anti-slip sheet 14 is made of iron.

[0039] The hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief in this embodiment works as follows:

[0040] The charging sleeve 1 is aligned with and fits the blasthole drilled by the drilling rig, so that the direction of the guide rail 3 inside the charging sleeve 1 is aligned with the direction of desired directional fracturing. The outer sleeve rod 6 is lifted by the top hydraulic rod, so that the hinged rod 5 between it and the internal push rod 4 is stretched and pulled apart. At the same time, the hydraulic push rod 2 is placed as a whole at the lowest position inside the charging sleeve 1. The explosive 9 sandwiched by two prefabricated charge segments 8 is filled into the opening of the charging sleeve 1. The two prefabricated charge segments 8 are fixed in direction by the guide rail 3 inside the charging sleeve 1. The hinged rod 5 stretched apart by the hydraulic push rod 2 supports the prefabricated charge segments 8 and explosive 9 from below. The lifting rod 7 at the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 2 is activated, pushing the two prefabricated charge segments 8 and explosive 9 upward until the bottom of the prefabricated charge segments 8 exceeds the position of the coil spring in the sleeve. At this time, the height of the prefabricated charge segments 8 and explosive 9 is fixed by the coil spring. The lifting rod 7 at the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 2 is retracted, and the hydraulic push rod 2 is placed at the lowest position in the charging sleeve 1. The explosive 9 sandwiched between the prefabricated charge segments 8 is continuously loaded into the charging window of the charging sleeve 1. The lifting rod 7 at the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 2 is activated and the height of the bottom of the prefabricated charge segment 8 exceeds the coil spring in the charging sleeve 1. This step is repeated until the designed length of explosive 9 is loaded. At this time, the prefabricated charge segments 8 are attracted to each other by the embedded magnets, and the lower prefabricated charge segment 8 is still constrained by the guide rail 3, and the slit is still aligned with the direction of directional fracturing. Close the top hydraulic rod, the outer sleeve rod 6 falls, and the hinged rod 5 between the inner push rod 4 is retracted. The trumpet-shaped anti-reverse slide 14 is placed on the top of the inner push rod 4. The top hydraulic rod is activated, and the hinged rod 5 is pulled open and connected with the trumpet-shaped ring piece 12. The remaining hydraulic rods at the bottom are activated to push the trumpet-shaped ring piece 12 together with the previously loaded explosives 9 to the designated position in the borehole. The remaining lifting rods 7 at the bottom and the top hydraulic rod are closed successively. The trumpet-shaped ring piece 12 is expanded in the borehole by pulling the hinged rod 5, and the hinged rod 5 is retracted after appropriate pulling. After loading is completed, the subsequent work of sealing the blasthole and detonating the explosives 9 can continue.

[0041] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, from all perspectives, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0042] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief, characterized in that: It includes a charge sleeve and a hydraulic push rod; the charge sleeve is a cylindrical structure with an open top, a through hole is provided at the bottom of the charge sleeve, and the free end of the hydraulic push rod passes through the through hole and enters the charge sleeve; an anti-slip structure is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the charge sleeve; a charge window is provided on the side wall of the charge sleeve, and the charge window is located below the anti-slip structure.

2. The hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A guide rail is arranged on the inner wall of the charge sleeve, and the guide rail is used to guide the prefabricated charge segment placed in the charge sleeve.

3. The hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anti-slip structure includes a coil spring; one end of the coil spring is connected to the inner wall of the charge sleeve, and the other end of the coil spring extends toward the center of the charge sleeve.

4. The hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydraulic push rod comprises an inner push rod, an outer sleeve rod and a lifting rod; the inner push rod is located inside the outer sleeve rod; the lifting rod is arranged at the bottom end of the outer sleeve rod, and the outer sleeve rod is used to control the lifting and lowering of the inner push rod and the outer sleeve rod.

5. The hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The hydraulic push rod also includes an articulated rod; the articulated rod is arranged between the top of the internal push rod and the top of the external sleeve rod; the hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief also includes an anti-backward sliding plate, which is used to fix the charge in the blast hole; the articulated rod is used to make the anti-backward sliding plate open in the blast hole.

6. The hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The hinged rod includes a first rod and a second rod; one end of the first rod is rotatably connected to the top of the internal push rod, one end of the second rod is rotatably connected to the top of the external sleeve rod, and the other end of the first rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the second rod.

7. The hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The anti-slip plate includes a truncated cone and a ring plate; the truncated cone is a truncated cone structure with a smaller diameter at the upper end and a larger diameter at the lower end, one end of the ring plate is connected to the larger diameter end of the truncated cone, and the outer wall of the ring plate is parallel to the outer wall of the truncated cone; a plurality of cuts are evenly arranged on the ring plate along the circumferential direction.

8. The hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydraulic sleeve charging device for coal seam top cutting and pressure relief also includes a prefabricated charge segment; the prefabricated charge segment is an annular segment with an angle less than 180 degrees, and two magnets are respectively arranged at both ends of the prefabricated charge segment; the prefabricated charge segment is used to enclose explosives.

Images