Forest litter microcosm experiment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of forest ecological research, in particular to a forest litter microcosm experiment device, which comprises a pipe body inserted in soil, a plurality of intersecting communicating grooves are arranged on the periphery of the pipe body, and a switching mechanism used for controlling the opening and closing of the intersecting communicating grooves and the opening degree is arranged in the pipe body. A plurality of opening scale marks and a plurality of closing scale marks which are matched with the switch mechanism for use are arranged on the periphery of the tube body close to the top of the tube body; the switch mechanism comprises a driving assembly fixedly installed on the periphery of the pipe body and close to the top end of the pipe body and a switch assembly arranged in the pipe body. According to the utility model, the pipe body is provided with the intersecting through groove and the switch mechanism, so that the periphery of the pipe body can be switched between a closed state and an open state, and the open degree of the pipe body can be adjusted, thereby improving the practicability of the utility model; and different requirements of experimenters on interaction conditions of soil inside and outside the pipe body in a litter decomposition research test can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of forest ecological research, in particular to a forest litter microcosm experimental device. Background Art

[0002] Forest litter decomposition research refers to the systematic observation and analysis of the decomposition process of forest litter (such as leaves, branches, fruits, etc.) in the natural environment. This research focuses on the rate, mechanism, influencing factors of litter decomposition and its impact on the function and structure of the ecosystem. Forest litter decomposition research is of great significance for a deeper understanding of the function and structure of forest ecosystems, as well as for the management and protection of ecosystems.

[0003] At present, in the process of forest litter decomposition research, PVC pipes are generally used to demarcate and monitor designated areas, which can be used to determine the scope and quantity of litter decomposition for subsequent analysis and research. Specifically, the pipe is inserted into the soil in the study area, with the top of the pipe above the ground, and then the litter sample is filled inside the pipe so that the litter is evenly laid on the ground inside the pipe. The litter in the pipe is then monitored to understand the decomposition of the litter.

[0004] However, the existing area demarcation pipe still has the following problems when in use:

[0005] In the study of forest litter decomposition, it is sometimes necessary to keep the soil inside the test area in contact with the soil outside to better simulate the litter decomposition process in the natural environment. At the same time, there are also some situations where the need for interaction between the internal and external soil is not required; for example, sometimes researchers want to study the litter decomposition process under specific conditions and need to exclude the influence of the external environment on the experimental results. In this case, it is necessary to prevent the internal soil of the experimental area from contacting with the external soil. However, the existing delimiting tubes cannot meet both requirements, and their practicality needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a forest litter microcosm experimental device to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A forest litter microcosm experimental device, comprising a tube body inserted in the soil, a top reserved portion of the tube body being above the ground, a plurality of interactive through grooves being provided on the periphery of the tube body, the plurality of interactive through grooves being distributed in a circumferential array about the axis of the tube body, and a switch mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the interactive through grooves and the size of the opening;

[0009] The outer periphery of the tube body is provided with a plurality of opening scale lines and a plurality of closing scale lines used in cooperation with the switch mechanism at a position near the top thereof, the number of the plurality of opening scale lines and the plurality of closing scale lines are equal to the number of the plurality of interactive through grooves, the plurality of opening scale lines and the plurality of closing scale lines are arranged in an axial circumferential array with respect to the tube body, the plurality of opening scale lines are respectively aligned with the plurality of interactive through grooves, and the plurality of closing scale lines and the plurality of opening scale lines are staggeredly arranged at equal angles;

[0010] The switch mechanism comprises a driving assembly fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the tube body near its top end and a switch assembly arranged inside the tube body, wherein the switch assembly is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the tube body;

[0011] A supporting mechanism for stabilizing the tube body during the experiment is fixedly installed on the periphery of the tube body near its top end.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a rotating bearing fixedly mounted on the periphery of the tube body, and the outer ring of the rotating bearing is fixedly connected to the switch assembly;

[0013] A plurality of indicator arrows used in conjunction with open scale lines and closed scale lines are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the outer ring of the rotating bearing, the number of the plurality of indicator arrows is equal to the number of the plurality of interactive through grooves, and the plurality of indicator arrows are distributed in an axial circumferential array with respect to the tube body.

[0014] Furthermore, the switch assembly includes a plurality of baffles arranged inside the tube body, and the baffles are used to control the opening and closing of the interactive slots and the size of the opening; the baffles are arc-shaped plates, and the baffles are in a coaxial relationship with the tube body in the tube body, and the outer arc surface of the baffles is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the tube body;

[0015] The number of the plurality of baffles is equal to the number of the plurality of baffles, and the plurality of baffles are also distributed in a circumferential array in the tube body about the axis of the tube body;

[0016] A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle, and the connecting rod extends to the outside of the tube body at one end away from the baffle, and is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the rotating bearing, and multiple connecting rods are staggered and distributed at equal angles with multiple indicator arrows on the outer ring of the rotating bearing.

[0017] Furthermore, chamfers are provided on both sides of the inner arc surface of the baffle, and the chamfers form inclined surfaces on the sides of the baffle that intersect with the sides of the outer arc surface of the baffle.

[0018] Furthermore, the support mechanism includes a support ring fixedly installed on the periphery of the tube body, and a plurality of support components are fixedly connected to the periphery of the support ring.

[0019] Further, the support assembly includes a limit plate and a first hinge seat fixedly installed on the periphery of the support ring, a second hinge seat is fixedly installed on the top surface of the limit plate, a support member is fixedly connected between the second hinge seat and the first hinge seat, and the support member is hinged to the support ring and the limit plate through the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat respectively;

[0020] The top surface of the limiting plate is threadedly provided with a plurality of positioning cones.

[0021] Further, the support member includes a second support rod and a first support rod, the second support rod is a hollow structure, one end of the second support rod is hinged to the limiting plate through the second hinge seat, the other end of the second support rod is slidably inserted with the first support rod, and one end of the first support rod away from the second support rod is hinged to the periphery of the support ring through the first hinge seat;

[0022] A locking bolt for limiting the sliding movement between the second support rod and the first support rod is arranged on the periphery of the second support rod at a position close to the first support rod.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0024] 1. The utility model provides an interactive through groove and a switch mechanism on the tube body, so that the periphery of the tube body can be switched between closed and open states, and the degree of opening can be adjusted, thereby improving the practicality of the utility model and meeting the different needs of experimenters on the interaction between the soil inside and outside the tube body in the litter decomposition research experiment.

[0025] 2. By rotating the indicating arrow on the outer ring of the bearing and coordinating the opening scale line and the closing scale line on the outer periphery of the tube body, the operator can intuitively obtain the opening and closing state of the interactive slot and the adjustment result of the opening size during the adjustment process, thereby improving the convenience of use of the utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art description are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part B;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram from another angle;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of part C;

[0032] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0033] 1-tube body, 2-interactive through grooves, 3-support ring, 4-support assembly, 5-rotating bearing, 6-connecting rod, 7-baffle, 8-chamfer, 9-opening scale line, 10-closing scale line, 11-indicator arrow, 12-first hinge seat, 13-first support rod, 14-locking bolt, 15-second support rod, 16-limiting plate, 17-positioning cone, 18-second hinge seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 4 In an embodiment of the utility model, a forest litter microcosm experimental device comprises a tube body 1 inserted in the soil, the top of the tube body 1 is reserved above the ground, a plurality of interactive through grooves 2 are provided on the periphery of the tube body 1, and the plurality of interactive through grooves 2 are distributed in a circumferential array about the axis of the tube body 1, and a switch mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the interactive through grooves 2 and the size of the opening is provided in the tube body 1;

[0037] The outer periphery of the tube body 1 is provided with a plurality of opening scale lines 9 and a plurality of closing scale lines 10 used in cooperation with the switch mechanism at a position near the top thereof, the number of the plurality of opening scale lines 9 and the plurality of closing scale lines 10 are equal to the number of the plurality of interactive through grooves 2, the plurality of opening scale lines 9 and the plurality of closing scale lines 10 are arranged in an axial circumferential array with respect to the tube body 1, the plurality of opening scale lines 9 are respectively aligned with the plurality of interactive through grooves 2, and the plurality of closing scale lines 10 and the plurality of opening scale lines 9 are staggered and distributed at equal angles;

[0038] The switch mechanism includes a driving assembly fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the tube body 1 near its top end and a switch assembly arranged inside the tube body 1, and the switch assembly is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the tube body 1;

[0039] A supporting mechanism for stabilizing the tube body 1 during the experiment is fixedly installed on the periphery of the tube body 1 near its top.

[0040] The driving assembly includes a rotating bearing 5 fixedly mounted on the periphery of the tube body 1, and the outer ring of the rotating bearing 5 is fixedly connected to the switch assembly;

[0041] A plurality of indicator arrows 11 for use with the open scale lines 9 and the closed scale lines 10 are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the outer ring of the rotating bearing 5. The number of the plurality of indicator arrows 11 is equal to the number of the plurality of interactive through grooves 2, and the plurality of indicator arrows 11 are distributed in an axial circumferential array with respect to the tube body 1.

[0042] The switch assembly includes a plurality of baffles 7 disposed inside the tube body 1, and the baffles 7 are used to control the opening and closing of the interactive slots 2 and the size of the opening; the baffles 7 are arc-shaped plates, and the baffles 7 are coaxial with the tube body 1 in the tube body 1, and the outer arc surface of the baffles 7 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the tube body 1;

[0043] The number of the plurality of baffles 7 is equal to the number of the plurality of baffles 2, and the plurality of baffles 7 are also distributed in the pipe body 1 in a circumferential array about the axis of the pipe body 1;

[0044] A connecting rod 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle 7. The end of the connecting rod 6 away from the baffle 7 extends to the outside of the tube body 1 and is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the rotating bearing 5. In addition, multiple connecting rods 6 are staggered at equal angles with multiple indicator arrows 11 on the outer ring of the rotating bearing 5.

[0045] Among them, chamfers 8 are provided on both sides of the inner arc surface of the baffle plate 7, and the chamfers 8 form an inclined surface on the side of the baffle plate 7 that intersects with the side of the outer arc surface of the baffle plate 7; by setting the inclined surfaces formed by the chamfers 8 on both sides of the baffle plate 7, the resistance between the baffle plate 7 and the soil during rotation can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of rotating the bearing 5.

[0046] During use, the utility model:

[0047] When the soil in the tube body 1 needs to be kept interactive with the soil outside, the outer ring of the rotating bearing 5 is rotated to drive the multiple connecting rods 6 to rotate about the axis of the tube body 1, thereby synchronously driving the multiple baffles 7 to rotate in the tube body 1. During the process, the alignment state of the indicator arrow 11 with the opening scale line 9 and the closing scale line 10 is observed. When the indicator arrow 11 is aligned with the opening scale line 9, the multiple baffles 7 and the multiple interactive through grooves 2 are staggered at equal angles. At this time, the baffles 7 do not block the interactive through grooves 2, that is, the opening of the interactive through grooves 2 is at the maximum; when the indicator arrow 11 is between the opening scale line 9 and the closing scale line 10, the baffles 7 partially block the interactive through grooves 2, and the blocking range can be judged according to the position of the indicator arrow 11, so that the opening size of the interactive through grooves 2 is adjustable;

[0048] When the soil in the pipe body 1 needs to be isolated, the rotating bearing 5 is rotated so that the indicating arrow 11 is aligned with the closed scale line 10. At this time, multiple baffles 7 overlap with multiple interactive grooves 2, thereby completely closing the interactive grooves 2, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the soil inside and outside the pipe body 1 from interacting.

[0049] Therefore, in the utility model, by providing an interactive through groove 2 and a switch mechanism on the tube body 1, the periphery of the tube body 1 can be switched between a closed state and an open state, and the degree of opening can be adjusted, thereby improving the practicality of the utility model and being able to meet the different needs of experimenters for the interaction between the soil inside and outside the tube body 1 in the litter decomposition research experiment.

[0050] By coordinating the indicating arrow 11 on the outer ring of the rotating bearing 5 with the opening scale line 9 and the closing scale line 10 on the outer periphery of the tube body 1, the operator can intuitively obtain the adjustment results of the opening and closing state and the opening size of the interactive through groove 2 during the adjustment process, thereby improving the convenience of use of the utility model.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] See also Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 On the basis of Example 1, the support mechanism includes a support ring 3 fixedly installed on the periphery of the tube body 1, and a plurality of support components 4 are fixedly connected to the periphery of the support ring 3.

[0053] The support assembly 4 includes a limit plate 16 and a first hinge seat 12 fixedly installed on the periphery of the support ring 3, a second hinge seat 18 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the limit plate 16, a support member is fixedly connected between the second hinge seat 18 and the first hinge seat 12, and the support member is hinged to the support ring 3 and the limit plate 16 through the first hinge seat 12 and the second hinge seat 18 respectively;

[0054] A plurality of positioning cones 17 are threadedly installed on the top surface of the limiting plate 16 .

[0055] The support member includes a second support rod 15 and a first support rod 13. The second support rod 15 is a hollow structure. One end of the second support rod 15 is hinged to the limiting plate 16 through a second hinge seat 18. The other end of the second support rod 15 is slidably inserted with the first support rod 13. One end of the first support rod 13 away from the second support rod 15 is hinged to the periphery of the support ring 3 through a first hinge seat 12.

[0056] A locking bolt 14 for limiting the sliding movement between the second support rod 15 and the first support rod 13 is provided on the periphery of the second support rod 15 at a position close to the first support rod 13 .

[0057] In the supporting mechanism, after the tube body 1 is set up, the tube body 1 is supported by multiple groups of supporting components 4 to ensure the stability of the tube body 1 during the experiment; specifically, the limit plate 16 is fixed to the ground through the positioning cone 17, and then the first support rod 13 is applied in the direction close to the tube body 1, so that the first support rod 13 and the tube body 1 are squeezed and contacted, and then the first support rod 13 and the second support rod 15 are locked by the locking bolt 14, so that the second support rod 15 and the first support rod 13 maintain a stable supporting state for the tube body 1.

[0058] The second support rod 15 and the first support rod 13 are arranged so that the support length of the support mechanism can be adjusted, and the second hinge seat 18 and the first hinge seat 12 are arranged so that the support angle of the tube body 1 can be adjusted, thereby improving the flexibility of use of the support mechanism.

[0059] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected.

Claims

1. A forest litter microcosm experimental device, comprising a tube body (1) inserted into the soil, wherein the top of the tube body (1) is reserved above the ground, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the tube body (1) is provided with a plurality of interactive through grooves (2), the plurality of interactive through grooves (2) being distributed in an array in the circumferential direction about the axis of the tube body (1), and a switch mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the interactive through grooves (2) and the size of the opening is provided in the tube body (1); The outer periphery of the tube body (1) is provided with a plurality of opening scale lines (9) and a plurality of closing scale lines (10) for use with the switch mechanism at a position close to the top thereof, the number of the plurality of opening scale lines (9) and the plurality of closing scale lines (10) being equal to the number of the plurality of interactive through grooves (2), the plurality of opening scale lines (9) and the plurality of closing scale lines (10) being arranged in an axial circumferential array with respect to the tube body (1), the plurality of opening scale lines (9) being respectively aligned with the plurality of interactive through grooves (2), and the plurality of closing scale lines (10) and the plurality of opening scale lines (9) being arranged in an equiangularly staggered manner; The switch mechanism comprises a driving component fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the tube body (1) near its top end and a switch component arranged inside the tube body (1), wherein the switch component is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the tube body (1); A support mechanism for stabilizing the tube body (1) during the experiment is also fixedly installed on the periphery of the tube body (1) near its top end.

2. The forest litter microcosm experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a rotating bearing (5) fixedly mounted on the periphery of the tube body (1), the outer ring of the rotating bearing (5) being fixedly connected to the switch assembly; A plurality of indicator arrows (11) for use with the opening scale lines (9) and the closing scale lines (10) are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the outer ring of the rotating bearing (5); the number of the plurality of indicator arrows (11) is equal to the number of the plurality of interactive through grooves (2); and the plurality of indicator arrows (11) are arranged in an axial circumferential array with respect to the tube body (1).

3. A forest litter microcosm experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch assembly comprises a plurality of baffles (7) arranged inside the tube body (1), and the baffles (7) are used to control the opening and closing of the interactive slots (2) and the size of the opening; the baffles (7) are arc-shaped plates, and the baffles (7) are coaxial with the tube body (1) in the tube body (1), and the outer arc surface of the baffles (7) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the tube body (1); The number of the plurality of baffles (7) is equal to the number of the plurality of 2, and the plurality of baffles (7) are also distributed in a circumferential array in the tube body (1) about the axis of the tube body (1); A connecting rod (6) is fixedly connected to the top end of the baffle (7); an end of the connecting rod (6) away from the baffle (7) extends to the outside of the tube body (1) and is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the rotating bearing (5); and a plurality of connecting rods (6) are staggered and distributed at equal angles to the plurality of indicator arrows (11) on the outer ring of the rotating bearing (5).

4. The forest litter microcosm experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Chamfers (8) are provided on both sides of the inner arc surface of the baffle plate (7), and the chamfers (8) form inclined surfaces on the sides of the baffle plate (7) that intersect with the sides of the outer arc surface of the baffle plate (7).

5. The forest litter microcosm experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism comprises a support ring (3) fixedly mounted on the periphery of the tube body (1), and a plurality of groups of support components (4) are fixedly connected to the periphery of the support ring (3).

6. The forest litter microcosm experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support assembly (4) comprises a limit plate (16) and a first hinge seat (12) fixedly mounted on the periphery of the support ring (3); a second hinge seat (18) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the limit plate (16); a support member is fixedly connected between the second hinge seat (18) and the first hinge seat (12); the support member is hinged to the support ring (3) and the limit plate (16) via the first hinge seat (12) and the second hinge seat (18), respectively; A plurality of positioning cones (17) are installed in a through-threaded manner on the top surface of the limiting plate (16).

7. The forest litter microcosm experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support member comprises a second support rod (15) and a first support rod (13); the second support rod (15) is a hollow structure; one end of the second support rod (15) is hinged to the limiting plate (16) via the second hinge seat (18); the other end of the second support rod (15) is slidably inserted with the first support rod (13); and one end of the first support rod (13) away from the second support rod (15) is hinged to the periphery of the support ring (3) via the first hinge seat (12); A locking bolt (14) for limiting sliding movement between the second support rod (15) and the first support rod (13) is provided on the periphery of the second support rod (15) at a position close to the first support rod (13).

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