Battery cover plate and battery
The battery cover with a high-temperature-resistant stop block forms an exhaust channel to the explosion-proof valve, addressing the issue of electrode group blockage during thermal runaway, thereby enhancing battery safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323265200.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-30
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-11-30
AI Technical Summary
In lithium-ion batteries, during thermal runaway, the internal temperature rise causes the end plate to melt, losing its limiting effect, allowing the electrode group to block the explosion-proof valve, leading to unsafe pressure release and potential explosion.
A battery cover with a stop block made of high-temperature-resistant material, positioned between the aluminum plate and end plate, forms an exhaust channel to the explosion-proof valve, preventing the electrode group from blocking it during thermal runaway.
Prevents the electrode group from obstructing the explosion-proof valve, alleviating the adverse consequences of thermal runaway and enhancing battery safety by ensuring timely pressure release.
Smart Images
Figure CN222261221U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular to a battery cover and a battery. Background Art
[0002] At present, the insulation protection structure of the electrode group inside the battery cell is made of plastic materials such as PP, which can well protect the electrode group during the battery cell manufacturing process and normal use, and avoid abnormal connection and short circuit inside the battery cell. However, when the battery cell has thermal runaway, the internal temperature can reach above 600℃ in a short period of time, and the internal plastic materials such as the end plate will quickly melt and fail. At this time, there is only the electrode group inside the shell. Under the action of the internal high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the electrode group loses balance. Because the pressure at the explosion-proof valve of the cover plate is low, the electrode group can easily move toward the explosion-proof valve, thereby blocking the explosion-proof valve, causing the battery to fail to release pressure in time and catch fire and explode. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a battery cover and a battery to solve the existing problem that when thermal runaway occurs in the battery, the pole group may block the explosion-proof valve under the impact of airflow, aggravating the battery runaway and posing a greater safety risk.
[0004] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a battery cover plate, which is arranged on the opening of the battery shell, and the battery shell is provided with a pole group inside, and the battery cover plate includes a plain aluminum plate, an end plate and a stop block. Among them, the plain aluminum plate is provided with an explosion-proof valve; the end plate is located on the inner side of the plain aluminum plate, the end plate is suitable for abutting against the pole group, and the end plate is provided with a receiving groove; the stop block is arranged in the receiving groove, the stop block is resistant to high temperature and electrolyte, and the stop block is suitable for abutting between the plain aluminum plate and the pole group when the battery thermal runaway causes the end plate to melt, so that an exhaust channel connected to the explosion-proof valve is formed between the plain aluminum plate and the pole group.
[0005] In an optional embodiment, protrusions are provided at both ends of the stop block in the length direction, and limiting holes are provided at both ends of the accommodating groove in the length direction, and the protrusions are correspondingly clamped in the limiting holes.
[0006] In an optional embodiment, the receiving groove is provided with an opening on the side facing the smooth aluminum plate, the stop block is placed in the receiving groove from the opening, and the bottom of the protrusion is provided with a chamfer.
[0007] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the protrusion is 0.2 mm to 5 mm.
[0008] In an optional implementation, the width of the protrusion is A, the width of the limiting hole is E, and A+1mm≦E.
[0009] In an optional implementation, the height of the protrusion is B, the height of the limiting hole is F, and B+1mm≦F.
[0010] In an optional embodiment, both ends of the stop block in the length direction are provided with a card slot, and the inner walls of both ends of the accommodating groove in the length direction are provided with a card tongue, and the card tongue is correspondingly clamped in the card slot.
[0011] In an optional embodiment, the width of the receiving groove is not less than 10 mm.
[0012] In an optional implementation, the width of the explosion-proof valve is a, the width of the pole group is b, the length of the stop block is c, and a+2mm≦c≦b.
[0013] In a second aspect, the utility model further provides a battery, comprising a battery housing, an electrode group disposed inside the battery housing, and the battery cover in the first aspect, wherein the battery cover covers an opening of the battery housing.
[0014] Beneficial effects:
[0015] In the battery cover of the first aspect, a stop block is added between the bare aluminum plate and the end plate. When the end plate melts due to thermal runaway of the battery, the stop block abuts between the bare aluminum plate and the electrode group, so that an exhaust channel connected to the explosion-proof valve is formed between the bare aluminum plate and the electrode group, preventing the electrode group from clogging the explosion-proof valve under the impact of airflow, alleviating the adverse consequences of thermal runaway of the battery and increasing the safety performance of the battery.
[0016] In addition, the battery of the second aspect comprises the battery cover of the first aspect, and thus the battery of the second aspect has all the beneficial effects of the battery cover of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 An exploded view of a battery cover according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 A side view of a battery cover according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-section at the middle BB;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of the end plate and the stop block described in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 5This is an exploded view of another battery cover according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 6 A top view of another battery cover according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.
[0025] Description of reference numerals:
[0026] 100. Battery cover;
[0027] 110, plain aluminum plate; 120, end plate; 130, stop block; 140, plastic plate;
[0028] 111. Explosion-proof valve; 112. Pole;
[0029] 121. Accommodating groove; 122. Limiting hole; 123. Clamping tongue;
[0030] 131. protrusion; 132. slot; 133. chamfer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0032] In order to deepen the understanding of the solution of the utility model, it is necessary to elaborate on the technical problems in detail in combination with relevant technologies. The specific contents are as follows:
[0033] At present, with the increasing maturity of lithium-ion battery technology, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used as power batteries in the field of electric vehicles. Therefore, people's requirements for the safety performance of lithium-ion batteries are increasing.
[0034] In the traditional lithium-ion battery structure, the cover plate and the shell are welded to encapsulate the electrode group inside the shell; the insulating end plate of the cover plate is against the electrode group, which plays the role of limiting the electrode group. However, when the battery has thermal runaway, the internal temperature of the battery increases, and the gas generation increases, causing the explosion-proof valve to automatically open for exhaust; at this time, the end plate may melt at high temperature, thereby losing the limiting effect on the electrode group, and the electrode group may block the explosion-proof valve under the impact of the airflow, aggravating the battery runaway and posing a greater safety risk.
[0035] Furthermore, the battery temperature is generally controlled by a special temperature control circuit. When the temperature control circuit fails, the battery may suffer thermal runaway, the chemical reaction inside the battery will intensify, and more gas will be generated. If the high temperature melts the end plate at this time, and the electrode group blocks the vent of the explosion-proof valve, the battery will be in danger of exploding.
[0036] In order to alleviate the above technical problems, the utility model provides a battery cover and a battery. Figures 1 to 7 The embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail.
[0037] First, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The utility model provides a battery cover 100, which is covered on the opening of the battery shell, and the battery shell is provided with a pole group inside. The battery cover 100 includes a bare aluminum plate 110, an end plate 120 and a stopper 130. Among them, the bare aluminum plate 110 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 111; the end plate 120 is located inside the bare aluminum plate 110, and the end plate 120 is suitable for abutting against the pole group, and the end plate 120 is provided with a receiving groove 121; the stopper 130 is arranged in the receiving groove 121, and the stopper 130 is resistant to high temperature and electrolyte. The stopper 130 is suitable for abutting between the bare aluminum plate 110 and the pole group when the end plate 120 melts due to thermal runaway of the battery, so that an exhaust channel connected to the explosion-proof valve 111 is formed between the bare aluminum plate 110 and the pole group.
[0038] Specifically, in the battery cover 100 of the present embodiment, a stop block 130 is additionally provided between the bare aluminum plate 110 and the end plate 120. When the end plate 120 melts due to thermal runaway of the battery, the stop block 130 abuts against between the bare aluminum plate 110 and the electrode group, so that an exhaust passage connected to the explosion-proof valve 111 is formed between the bare aluminum plate 110 and the electrode group, thereby preventing the electrode group from clogging the explosion-proof valve 111 under the impact of airflow, alleviating the adverse consequences brought about by thermal runaway of the battery, and increasing the safety performance of the battery.
[0039] More specifically, the stop block 130 is received in the receiving groove 121 of the end plate 120, which reduces the extra space occupied by the stop block 130 inside the battery casing and has little impact on the overall volume of the battery; moreover, the receiving groove 121 wraps and limits the stop block 130 to prevent the stop block 130 from moving inside the battery casing and damaging the electrode group.
[0040] Furthermore, a plastic plate 140 is provided between the bare aluminum plate 110 and the end plate 120. The plastic plate 140 is a soft material and plays a role of sealing and buffering. In the case of thermal runaway of the battery, the end plate 120 and the plastic plate 140 are melted by the heat, and the stop block 130 is resistant to high temperature and electrolyte, and abuts between the bare aluminum plate 110 and the electrode group, so that an exhaust channel connected to the explosion-proof valve 111 is formed between the bare aluminum plate 110 and the electrode group.
[0041] In particular, the stopper 130 is an insulator, which may be made of, but is not limited to, ceramic.
[0042] It should be noted that the shape of the stop block 130 is not limited, and is preferably a rectangle; the number of the stop blocks 130 and the receiving grooves 121 is not limited, and multiple stop blocks 130 and receiving grooves 121 can be provided accordingly as long as they do not affect other components of the battery.
[0043] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 4 Both ends of the stop block 130 in the length direction are provided with protrusions 131 , and both ends of the accommodating groove 121 in the length direction are provided with limiting holes 122 , and the protrusions 131 are correspondingly clamped in the limiting holes 122 .
[0044] Specifically, the present scheme is a specific connection method between the stop block 130 and the accommodating groove 121. Both ends of the stop block 130 in the length direction are provided with protrusions 131, and both ends of the accommodating groove 121 in the length direction are provided with limiting holes 122. The protrusions 131 are correspondingly clamped in the limiting holes 122, which is easy to operate and has a stable connection.
[0045] More specifically, the accommodating groove 121 may also be provided with limiting holes 122 at both ends in the width direction, and the stop block 130 may be provided with protrusions 131 at both ends in the width direction, which can also achieve the purpose of this solution and is within the protection scope of this application.
[0046] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The receiving groove 121 has an opening on one side facing the light aluminum plate 110 , and the stopper 130 is placed in the receiving groove 121 from the opening. The bottom of the protrusion 131 has a chamfer 133 .
[0047] Specifically, in this solution, the receiving groove 121 is provided with an opening on the side facing the plain aluminum plate 110, the stop block 130 is placed in the receiving groove 121 from the opening, and the bottom of the protrusion 131 is provided with a chamfer 133 to facilitate assembly guidance.
[0048] In some embodiments, the thickness of the protrusion 131 is 0.2 mm to 5 mm.
[0049] Specifically, the thickness of the protrusion 131 is 0.2 mm to 5 mm. The thickness of the protrusion 131 should not be too small to avoid loose connection and shaking of the stop block 130 in the accommodating groove 121. At the same time, the thickness of the protrusion 131 should not be too large to avoid excessive penetration of the limiting hole 122 and affecting other components of the battery.
[0050] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 , the width of the protrusion 131 is A, the width of the limiting hole 122 is E, A+1mm≦E.
[0051] Specifically, this solution provides a specific size relationship between the limiting hole 122 and the protrusion 131 , where the width of the protrusion 131 is A, the width of the limiting hole 122 is E, and A+1mm≦E, which is conducive to assembling the stop block 130 .
[0052] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 , the height of the protrusion 131 is B, the height of the limiting hole 122 is F, and B+1mm≦F.
[0053] Specifically, this solution further specifies the size relationship between the limiting hole 122 and the protrusion 131 . The height of the protrusion 131 is B, and the height of the limiting hole 122 is F. B+1mm≦F is more conducive to assembling the stop block 130 .
[0054] In some embodiments, reference Figures 5 to 7 Both ends of the stop block 130 in the length direction are provided with a card slot 132 , and the inner walls of both ends of the accommodating groove 121 in the length direction are provided with a card tongue 123 , and the card tongue 123 is correspondingly carded in the card slot 132 .
[0055] Specifically, the present scheme is another specific connection method between the stop block 130 and the accommodating groove 121. A slot 132 is provided at both ends of the length direction of the stop block 130, and a latch tongue 123 is provided on the inner wall at both ends of the length direction of the accommodating groove 121. The latch tongue 123 is correspondingly arranged in the slot 132, which is easy to operate and has a stable connection.
[0056] More specifically, the accommodating groove 121 may also be provided with latch tongues 123 at both ends in the width direction, and the stop block 130 may be provided with latch grooves 132 at both ends in the width direction, which can also achieve the purpose of this solution and is within the protection scope of this application.
[0057] In some embodiments, the width of the receiving groove 121 is not less than 10 mm.
[0058] Specifically, in this solution, the size of the receiving groove 121 is such that the width of the receiving groove 121 is not less than 10 mm, which further facilitates the assembly of the stop block 130 .
[0059] In some embodiments, the width of the explosion-proof valve 111 is a, the width of the electrode group is b, the length of the stop block 130 is c, and a+2mm≦c≦b.
[0060] Specifically, the present solution provides a dimensional relationship between the explosion-proof valve 111 and the stop block 130 , where the width of the explosion-proof valve 111 is a, the width of the pole group is b, the length of the stop block 130 is c, and a+2mm≦c≦b, so that the stop block 130 is prevented from being rushed out of the battery housing by the airflow from the explosion-proof valve 111 .
[0061] More specifically, the accommodating groove 121 extends along the width direction of the end plate 120, the stop block 130 is similar in shape to the accommodating groove 121, and the stop block 130 is completely disposed in the accommodating groove 121; the explosion-proof valve 111 extends along the length direction of the plain aluminum plate 110, and the extension direction of the plain aluminum plate 110 is consistent with that of the end plate 120.
[0062] Secondly, the utility model further provides a battery, including a battery housing, an electrode group arranged inside the battery housing, and a battery cover 100, wherein the battery cover 100 covers the opening of the battery housing.
[0063] Specifically, the battery in this solution includes a battery cover 100, so the battery has all the beneficial effects of the battery cover 100. In addition, the battery in this solution also includes other components such as a battery protection board, and only the components related to this solution are listed here, but it does not limit the composition of the battery.
[0064] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A battery cover plate, covering an opening of a battery housing, wherein a pole group is arranged inside the battery housing, characterized in that: The battery cover comprises: A plain aluminum plate, wherein the plain aluminum plate is provided with an explosion-proof valve; An end plate, the end plate is located inside the bare aluminum plate, the end plate is suitable for abutting against the electrode group, and the end plate is provided with a receiving groove; A stop block is arranged in the accommodating groove, the stop block is resistant to high temperature and electrolyte, and is suitable for abutting between the bare aluminum plate and the pole group when the end plate melts due to thermal runaway of the battery, so that an exhaust channel connected to the explosion-proof valve is formed between the bare aluminum plate and the pole group.
2. The battery cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the stop block in the length direction are provided with protrusions, and both ends of the accommodating groove in the length direction are provided with limiting holes, and the protrusions are correspondingly clamped in the limiting holes.
3. The battery cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The receiving groove is provided with an opening on a side facing the smooth aluminum plate, the stop block is placed in the receiving groove from the opening, and the bottom of the protrusion is provided with a chamfer.
4. The battery cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the protrusion is 0.2 mm to 5 mm.
5. The battery cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the protrusion is A, the width of the limiting hole is E, and A+1mm≦E.
6. The battery cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the protrusion is B, the height of the limiting hole is F, and B+1mm≦F.
7. The battery cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the stop block in the length direction are provided with card slots, and the inner walls of both ends of the accommodating groove in the length direction are provided with card tongues, and the card tongues are correspondingly carded in the card slots.
8. The battery cover according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The width of the accommodating groove is not less than 10 mm.
9. The battery cover according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The width of the explosion-proof valve is a, the width of the pole group is b, the length of the stop block is c, and a+2mm≦c≦b.
10. A battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery housing, a pole group arranged inside the battery housing, and a battery cover according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery cover is arranged to cover an opening of the battery housing.