Motor winding structure, stator and motor
By adopting a multi-phase stator coil structure in a flat wire winding motor and using non-integrated wave winding arrangement, the problem of poor NVH performance caused by the whole distance harmonic is solved, and the noise and vibration performance of the motor is significantly improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421053121.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-14
AI Technical Summary
The existing flat wire winding motors have large harmonic content of the whole distance, resulting in poor NVH performance.
Using a multi-phase stator coil structure, the number of stator slots occupied by each phase stator coil in the same pole is Ns=q+n/2-1. Through the arrangement of non-integrated wave windings, ensure that each phase stator coil is two adjacent to each other. The total number of layers occupied in the groove is different, forming a non-integrated wave winding structure.
Effectively eliminate high-order harmonics and improve the NVH performance of the motor.
Smart Images
Figure CN222262282U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of flat wire motors, and more specifically, relates to a motor winding structure, a stator and a motor. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, in order to improve the efficiency, power density and torque density of motors, more and more motor and powertrain manufacturers have adopted flat wire winding motors.
[0003] Compared with round wire winding motors, flat wire winding motors have a higher copper full rate. Under the same slot area, flat wire motors can embed more copper wires, thereby reducing motor phase resistance and winding losses, thereby improving motor efficiency.
[0004] Conventional flat wire stator windings use full-pitch wave windings. Although the winding is relatively simple, the full-pitch harmonic content is large and the motor NVH performance is poor. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model aims to provide a motor winding structure, aiming to solve the problem of large full-pitch harmonic content and poor motor NVH performance.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide a motor winding structure, including a multi-phase stator coil, wherein the multi-phase stator coil is wound in a plurality of stator slots and each of the stator slots is wound with multiple layers, characterized in that the total number of full slots occupied by the stator coil of each phase in the same pole is q, the number of layers of the stator coil wound in each stator slot is n, and the number of stator slots occupied by the stator coil of each phase in the same pole is Ns, Ns=q+n / 2-1;
[0007] The stator coils of each phase are continuously arranged in Ns stator slots in the same pole, and the total number of layers occupied by the stator coils of each phase in two adjacent stator slots is different.
[0008] In a possible implementation, n is an integer greater than or equal to 4, and the nth layer is the innermost layer or the outermost layer, and the first layer is the outermost layer or the innermost layer.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the stator coil of each phase includes multiple parallel branches, each of the parallel branches includes multiple winding units, each of the winding units starts from the sub-outer layer or the sub-inner layer, and uses a cross-layer hairpin to wind the nth layer or the first layer in sequence from the sub-outer layer or the sub-inner layer, and then uses a cross-layer hairpin to wind back from the nth layer or the first layer to the first layer or the nth layer in sequence, and the nth layer and the first layer are connected by the same-layer hairpin.
[0010] In a possible implementation, the nth layer and the first layer in each of the winding units are provided with a same-layer hairpin, and two insertion sections of the same-layer hairpin are inserted into the nth layer or the first layer of different slots.
[0011] In a possible implementation, there are (n-2) / 2 cross-layer hairpins between the sub-outer layer and the sub-inner layer, and two insertion sections of the cross-layer hairpins are inserted into adjacent layers of different slots.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the cards issued on the same layer of the first layer are cards issued with a full pitch, and the cards issued on the same layer of the nth layer are cards issued with a long pitch and / or a short pitch.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the cross-layer card issuance from the sub-outer layer to the sub-inner layer is short-distance card issuance.
[0014] In a possible implementation, the number of layers where the starting points of each parallel branch of the stator coil of each phase are located is the same and the interval between the stator slots where the starting points of adjacent parallel branches are located is 1.
[0015] The beneficial effect of a motor winding structure provided by the utility model is that: compared with the prior art, the number of stator slots in which the single-phase stator coil is continuously arranged in the same pole is greater than the number of adjacent stator slots in which the single-phase stator coil is continuously wound in the same pole in the conventional motor winding structure, that is, the Ns value is greater than the q value. With the motor winding structure provided by the utility model, the total number of layers occupied by each phase stator coil in two adjacent stator slots is different to form a non-whole-pitch wave winding arrangement, which can effectively eliminate high-order harmonics and improve the NVH performance of the motor.
[0016] The utility model also provides a stator, comprising the motor winding structure.
[0017] The beneficial effect of a stator provided by the utility model is that: compared with the prior art, the stator uses the above-mentioned motor winding structure, adopts the arrangement method of Ns=q+n / 2-1, and the total number of layers occupied by each phase stator coil in two adjacent stator slots is different to form a non-whole-pitch wave winding arrangement, which can effectively eliminate high-order harmonics and improve the NVH performance of the motor.
[0018] The utility model further provides a motor, comprising the stator.
[0019] The beneficial effect of a motor provided by the utility model is that: compared with the prior art, the motor uses the above-mentioned stator, and thus has the same beneficial effect as the above-mentioned stator, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a single-phase stator coil is wound in adjacent poles provided by the utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a motor winding structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 The harmonic fundamental wave amplitude ratio of a motor winding structure provided by the utility model and a conventional full-pitch motor winding structure;
[0024] Figure 4 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a card issuing device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.
[0026] In the claims, specification and the above-mentioned drawings of the utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined, the use of terms such as "first", "second" or "third" etc. is to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order.
[0027] In the claims, specification and the above-mentioned drawings of the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, directional words, such as the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "high", "low", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the specific protection scope of the utility model.
[0028] See also Figures 1 to 3, a motor winding structure provided by the utility model is now described. A motor winding structure includes a multi-phase stator coil, the multi-phase stator coil is wound in a plurality of stator slots and each stator slot is wound with multiple layers, the total number of full slots occupied by each phase stator coil in the same pole is q, the number of layers of stator coils wound in each stator slot is n, the number of stator slots occupied by each phase stator coil in the same pole is Ns, Ns = q + n / 2 - 1; wherein, each phase stator coil is continuously arranged in Ns stator slots in the same pole, and the total number of layers occupied by each phase stator coil in two adjacent stator slots is different.
[0029] It should be noted that the total number of full slots q occupied by each phase stator coil in the same pole refers to: the total number of layers of the single-phase stator coil in a single pole (N pole or S pole) divided by the total number of layers of the stator coil in a single stator slot.
[0030] See also Figure 1 , take 54 stator slots, 6 poles (3 N poles and 3 S poles) and 6 layers of three-phase stator coils as an example: Among them, the total number of layers of a single-phase stator coil in a single pole is 2+4+6+4+2=18; the total number of layers of a single stator slot is 6, q=18 / 6=3. At this time, q=3, n=6, substituting q and n into the formula Ns=q+n / 2-1, we can get Ns=3+6 / 2-1=5. In other words, the number of stator slots continuously arranged in the same pole of each phase stator coil is 5, and the total number of layers occupied by each phase stator coil in two adjacent stator slots is different. The number of layers occupied by each phase stator coil in adjacent stator slots in one direction can increase first and then decrease, or decrease first and then increase.
[0031] The utility model provides a motor winding structure. Compared with the prior art, the number of stator slots in which the single-phase stator coil is continuously arranged in the same pole is greater than the number of adjacent stator slots in which the single-phase stator coil is continuously wound in the same pole in the conventional motor winding structure, that is, the Ns value is greater than the q value. With the motor winding structure provided by the utility model, the total number of layers occupied by the stator coil of each phase in two adjacent stator slots is different to form a non-whole-pitch wave winding arrangement, which can effectively eliminate high-order harmonics and improve the NVH performance of the motor.
[0032] Among them, the stator coil is a key component in the motor (including synchronous motors and asynchronous motors) or generators, which is responsible for generating a rotating magnetic field. In the motor, the current in the stator coil interacts with the rotor magnetic field to generate torque and rotate the rotor. The number of stator slots refers to the total number of slots on the stator core of the motor or generator, which are used to place the stator coils.
[0033] n is an integer greater than or equal to 4. When the nth layer is the innermost layer, the first layer is the outermost layer; when the nth layer is the outermost layer, the first layer is the innermost layer. The innermost layer is the layer closest to the motor rotor, that is, it is the innermost layer relative to the motor axis; the outermost layer is the layer farthest from the motor rotor, that is, it is the outermost layer relative to the motor axis. Among them, the second layer to the n-1th layer are intermediate layers, the second layer is the second outermost layer or the second innermost layer of the first layer, and the n-1th layer is the second innermost layer or the second outermost layer of the nth layer.
[0034] Specifically, each phase stator coil includes multiple parallel branches, each parallel branch includes multiple winding units, each winding unit starts from the second outer layer or the second inner layer, uses a cross-layer hairpin to sequentially wind the nth layer or the first layer from the second outer layer or the second inner layer, and then uses a cross-layer hairpin to sequentially wind from the nth layer or the first layer back to the first layer or the nth layer, and the nth layer and the first layer are connected by the same-layer hairpin, thereby completing the winding of a winding unit. The number of winding units is set to P, and P winding units are wound sequentially to form the first parallel branch.
[0035] The starting point of the second parallel branch is at the adjacent slot on the same layer of the first parallel branch. According to the winding method of the first parallel branch, P winding units are sequentially connected along the circumferential direction to form the second branch. The nth parallel branch is wound in the same way, and finally the winding of multiple parallel branches is completed.
[0036] See also Figure 4 Each hairpin includes two insertion sections for inserting into the stator slots, a closed section connected to one end of the two insertion sections, and the insertion section has a welding end at one end away from the closed section. In the same parallel branch, the welding ends of two adjacent hairpins are overlap-welded or plug-welded. The same-layer hairpin and the cross-layer hairpin have the same structure and are named according to their different functions. The two insertion sections of the same-layer hairpin are inserted into the same layer of different slots, and the two insertion sections of the cross-layer hairpin are inserted into different layers of different slots.
[0037] Each winding unit has a same-layer hairpin in the nth layer and the first layer, and the two insertion sections of the same-layer hairpin are inserted into the nth layer or the first layer of different slots. There are (n-2) / 2 cross-layer hairpins between the second outer layer and the second inner layer, and the two insertion sections of the cross-layer hairpin are inserted into the adjacent layers of different slots.
[0038] When the hairpin is named after the pitch, it is defined by comparing the pole pitch. The pitch of the full-pitch hairpin is equal to the pole pitch, the pitch of the long-pitch hairpin is greater than the pole pitch, and the pitch of the short-pitch hairpin is less than the pole pitch. The pole pitch is a conventional coefficient in the hairpin motor field and will not be repeated here.
[0039] Among them, the same-layer hairpins of the first layer are full-pitch hairpins, the same-layer hairpins of the nth layer are long-pitch hairpins and / or short-pitch hairpins, and the cross-layer hairpins from the second outer layer to the second inner layer are short-pitch hairpins. The use of the above-mentioned same-layer hairpins or cross-layer hairpins can reduce the height of the end and save space size. The star point lines and three-phase lines of multiple parallel branches are respectively located on the outermost side of the iron core and its adjacent side. The copper bar connected at the end has a simple structure and is easy to implement in the process.
[0040] The starting point of each parallel branch of each phase stator coil is located at the same layer number and the interval between the stator slots where the starting points of adjacent parallel branches are located is 1. For example, the starting point of the first parallel branch is the second layer, and the number of stator slots is m, the starting point of the second parallel branch is also the second layer, and the number of stator slots is m+1 or m-1, and the other parallel branches are set in the same way.
[0041] The winding method of multiple parallel branches is the same, the multiple parallel branches have the same position relative to the magnetic steel, and each position has the same number of slot layers, avoiding the circulation problem between the multiple parallel branches.
[0042] See also Figure 2 , take the three-phase stator winding with 54 slots, 6 poles, 6 layers, 3 parallel branches, and B phase winding as an example, that is, the number of stator slots is 54, 6 poles (3 pairs of N poles and S poles), the number of layers of stator coil winding in each stator slot is 6, the number of stator slots per pole is 54 / 6=9, the total number of full slots of each phase winding in a single pole of the three-phase stator winding is 9 / 3=3, that is, the total number of full slots occupied by each phase stator coil in the same pole is 3, and Ns is 5 when substituted into the formula Ns=q+n / 2-1. Among them, the pitch of the hairpin of the sixth layer is 7, 10, the pitch of the hairpin of the first layer is 9, and the pitch of the middle layer (second layer, third layer, fourth layer, fifth layer) is 8. The hairpin of the first layer and the sixth layer can be interchanged according to the process requirements.
[0043] ABC is the input end of each phase winding, XYZ is the output end of each phase winding, and each phase winding includes three parallel branches, that is, the A phase winding includes A1-X1, A2-X2, A3-X3; the B phase winding includes B1-Y1, B2-Y2, B3-Y3; the C phase winding includes C1-Z1, C2-Z2, C3-Z3.
[0044] The specific arrangement is as follows:
[0045] B1 parallel branch:
[0046] 47(2)-1(3)-46(4)-54(5)-45(6)-38(6)-47(5)-39(4)-48(3)-40(2)-49(1)-40(1);
[0047] 31(2)-39(3)-30(4)-38(5)-29(6)-19(6)-28(5)-20(4)-29(3)-21(2)-30(1)-21(1);
[0048] 12(2)-20(3)-11(4)-19(5)-10(6)-54(6)-9(5)-1(4)-10(3)-2(2)-11(1)-2(1);
[0049] B2 parallel branch:
[0050] 48(2)-2(3)-47(4)-1(5)-46(6)-36(6)-45(5)-37(4)-46(3)-38(2)-47(1)-38(1);
[0051] 29(2)-37(3)-28(4)-36(5)-27(6)-20(6)-29(5)-21(4)-30(3)-22(2)-31(1)-22(1);
[0052] 13(2)-21(3)-12(4)-19(5)-10(6)-54(6)-9(5)-1(4)-10(3)-2(2)-11(1)-2(1);
[0053] B3 parallel branch:
[0054] 49(2)-3(3)-48(4)-2(5)-47(6)-37(6)-46(5)-38(4)-47(3)-39(2)-48(1)-39(1);
[0055] 30(2)-38(3)-29(4)-37(5)-28(6)-18(6)-27(5)-19(4)-28(3)-20(2)-29(1)-20(1);
[0056] 11(2)-19(3)-10(4)-18(5)-9(6)-2(6)-11(5)-3(4)-12(3)-4(2)-13(1)-4(1).
[0057] Among them, 47(2) is the second layer in slot number 47, 1(3) is the third layer in slot number 1, and 47(2)-1(3) is a cross-layer card issuance; 45(6) is the sixth layer in slot number 45, 38(6) is the sixth layer in slot number 38, and 45(6)-38(6) is a same-layer card issuance; 49(1) is the first layer in slot number 49, 40(1) is the first layer in slot number 40, and 49(1)-40(1) is a same-layer card issuance.
[0058] Based on the same inventive concept, the utility model also provides a stator, which uses the above-mentioned motor winding structure and adopts the arrangement of Ns=q+n / 2-1. The total number of layers occupied by each phase stator coil in two adjacent stator slots is different to form a non-whole-pitch wave winding arrangement, which can effectively eliminate high-order harmonics and improve the NVH performance of the motor.
[0059] In addition, the utility model provides a motor, which uses the above-mentioned stator and thus has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned stator, which will not be described in detail here.
[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A motor winding structure, comprising a multi-phase stator coil, wherein the multi-phase stator coil is wound in a plurality of stator slots and each of the stator slots is wound with multiple layers, characterized in that: The total number of full slots occupied by the stator coil of each phase in the same pole is q, the number of layers of the stator coil wound in each stator slot is n, and the number of stator slots occupied by the stator coil of each phase in the same pole is Ns, Ns = q + n / 2 - 1; The stator coils of each phase are continuously arranged in Ns stator slots in the same pole, and the total number of layers occupied by the stator coils of each phase in two adjacent stator slots is different.
2. A motor winding structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: n is an integer greater than or equal to 4, and the nth layer is the innermost layer or the outermost layer, and the first layer is the outermost layer or the innermost layer.
3. A motor winding structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The stator coil of each phase includes multiple parallel branches, each of the parallel branches includes multiple winding units, each of the winding units starts from the second outer layer or the second inner layer, and uses a cross-layer hairpin to wind the nth layer or the first layer in sequence from the second outer layer or the second inner layer, and then uses a cross-layer hairpin to wind back from the nth layer or the first layer to the first layer or the nth layer in sequence, and the nth layer and the first layer are connected by the same-layer hairpin.
4. A motor winding structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The n-th layer and the first layer in each of the winding units are provided with a same-layer hairpin, and two insertion sections of the same-layer hairpin are inserted into the n-th layer or the first layer in different slots.
5. A motor winding structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: There are (n-2) / 2 cross-layer hairpins between the sub-outer layer and the sub-inner layer, and two insertion sections of the cross-layer hairpins are inserted into adjacent layers of different slots.
6. A motor winding structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The same-layer hairpins of the first layer are full-pitch hairpins, and the same-layer hairpins of the nth layer are long-pitch hairpins and / or short-pitch hairpins.
7. A motor winding structure as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-layer card issuance from the sub-outer layer to the sub-inner layer is short-distance card issuance.
8. A motor winding structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The number of layers where the starting points of each parallel branch of the stator coil of each phase are located is the same, and the stator slot interval where the starting points of adjacent parallel branches are located is 1.
9. A stator, characterized in that: It comprises a motor winding structure as described in any one of claims 1-8.
10. A motor, characterized in that: Comprising a stator as claimed in claim 9.