Flange drilling and key groove milling debugging device for crankshaft machining

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of marine crankshafts, and provides a flange drilling and key groove milling debugging device for crankshaft machining, which comprises a front flange shaft head detachably connected with a crankshaft connecting part through a first inner conical groove and a first outer conical body. The crankshaft connecting part is detachably connected with a rear flange shaft head through a second inner cone groove and a second outer cone; the end, away from the crankshaft connecting part, of the front flange shaft head and the end, away from the crankshaft connecting part, of the rear flange shaft head are detachably connected with end covers correspondingly, and the end covers are connected with machine tool tips through end cover center holes. According to the scheme, the whole crankshaft cannot be wasted in the flange and key milling groove debugging process, batch debugging can be achieved, cost is saved, and efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of marine crankshafts, in particular to a flange drilling and keyway milling debugging device for crankshaft processing. Background Art

[0002] The crankshaft is usually made of a long irregular metal material with several cranks and spindle bearing support points. The manufacturing and processing of the crankshaft is a complex process, usually involving multiple steps such as casting, forging and precision machining. Drilling flanges and milling keyways are two of the processing processes. Each crankshaft drilling flange and milling keyway process has a corresponding special fixture for clamping and positioning. Therefore, during the changeover and debugging process, the semi-finished crankshaft that needs to be changed needs to be used for flange and keyway debugging. However, due to the position requirements of the flange thread hole, the fixture of the changed product needs to be installed on the machine tool during the changeover. Since the fixture is reinstalled, it is very easy to cause multiple debugging due to unqualified position during debugging, making the semi-finished crankshaft scrapped. In addition, the workbench where the fixture is installed will not be fixed securely during installation due to frequent tightening and loosening, which will cause the size of the crankshaft keyway to deviate, causing problems with the crankshaft quality, and will also make the entire crankshaft scrapped. Some marine crankshafts are more than 1 meter long, which increases the production cost to a certain extent. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the utility model proposes a flange drilling and keyway milling debugging device for crankshaft processing, providing a flange and keyway milling debugging device with a reasonable structure, simple manufacturing and quick replacement. The debugging process will not waste the entire crankshaft, and batch debugging is possible, which saves costs and improves efficiency.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following scheme:

[0005] A drill flange debugging device for crankshaft processing comprises a front flange shaft head, wherein the front flange shaft head is detachably connected to a crankshaft connecting part through a first inner conical groove and a first outer cone, and the crankshaft connecting part is detachably connected to a rear flange shaft head through a second inner conical groove and a second outer cone; the first inner conical groove is arranged on the front flange shaft head or on one end where the crankshaft connecting part is connected to the front flange shaft head, and the first outer cone is arranged on one end where the crankshaft connecting part is connected to the front flange shaft head or on the front flange shaft head in coordination with the first inner conical groove; the second inner conical groove is arranged on the rear flange shaft head or on one end where the crankshaft connecting part is connected to the rear flange shaft head, and the second outer cone is arranged on one end where the crankshaft connecting part is connected to the rear flange shaft head or on the rear flange shaft head in coordination with the second inner conical groove.

[0006] Furthermore, the first inner conical groove cross section and the second inner conical groove cross section are arranged to be smaller inside and larger outside.

[0007] Furthermore, the first inner conical groove and the first outer cone are fixed by a fixing member, and the second inner conical groove and the second outer cone are fixed by a fixing member.

[0008] Furthermore, a first countersunk hole for fixing the fixing member is provided at one end of the front flange shaft head away from the crankshaft connecting portion, and a second countersunk hole for fixing the fixing member is provided at one end of the rear flange shaft head away from the crankshaft connecting portion.

[0009] A milling keyway debugging device for crankshaft processing, wherein one end of the front flange shaft head away from the crankshaft connecting part and one end of the rear flange shaft head away from the crankshaft connecting part are respectively detachably connected with end covers, and the end covers are connected to the machine tool top through the center holes of the end covers, and the front flange shaft head and the rear flange shaft head are respectively provided with flange holes processed after flange debugging, and the end covers are provided with holes matching the flange holes, and the holes are connected to the flange holes through bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, a stopper is provided on the end surface of the end cover facing the fixing member, and the stopper, the first countersunk hole, the second countersunk hole and the center hole of the end cover are coaxially arranged.

[0011] Furthermore, the center hole of the end cover is conical and is inclined from one end surface of the end cover toward the stop.

[0012] The utility model has the following beneficial effects: the crankshaft connection part in this embodiment can detachably connect the front flange shaft head and the rear flange shaft head through the inner cone groove and the outer cone, forming a detachable replacement crankshaft, i.e., a flange debugging device, to reduce the waste of the entire crankshaft, and the front flange shaft head and the rear flange shaft head that need to be debugged can be replaced multiple times on the workbench. Moreover, after the device is fixed with the end cover after the flange debugging, the debugging of the milling keyway process can continue, which is convenient and simple, and can be debugged multiple times until the debugging is qualified, and then it can be directly processed to the normal crankshaft of the process, saving costs and improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the semi-finished crankshaft structure;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flange debugging device of this embodiment;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the keyway milling debugging device of this embodiment;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the end cover.

[0017] Numbers in the figure: 1. front flange shaft head; 2. rear flange shaft head; 3. crankshaft connecting part; 4. fixing piece; 5. first inner conical groove; 6. first outer cone; 7. first countersunk hole; 8. end cover; 9. flange hole; 10. stopper; 11. machine tool center; 12. second inner conical groove; 13. second outer cone; 14. second countersunk hole; 15. center hole of end cover; 16. hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the given embodiment is only one implementation method and does not represent all embodiments.

[0019] The utility model provides a flange drilling and keyway milling debugging device for crankshaft processing. The manufacture and processing of crankshafts is a complex process, and flange drilling and keyway milling are two of the processing procedures. At present, it is generally necessary to use a semi-finished crankshaft for debugging. Different crankshafts have different fixtures. The replacement of fixtures or workbenches often requires multiple debugging. Each debugging will waste the semi-finished crankshaft. Some crankshafts are more than 1 meter long, which increases the production cost. This embodiment reduces the waste of the entire crankshaft by transforming an integrated semi-finished crankshaft into a detachable replacement crankshaft. The detachable replacement crankshaft is used as a flange and keyway milling debugging device for crankshaft processing. The part that needs to be debugged can be replaced on the workbench multiple times, and the device after flange debugging can continue to debug the keyway milling process. It is convenient and simple, and can be debugged multiple times until the debugging is qualified, and then it can be directly processed to the normal crankshaft of the process, saving costs and improving efficiency.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 2 This embodiment provides a drilling flange debugging device for crankshaft machining, comprising a front flange shaft head 1, the front flange shaft head 1 is detachably connected to a crankshaft connecting portion 3 through a first inner cone groove 5 and a first outer cone 6, and the crankshaft connecting portion 3 is detachably connected to a rear flange shaft head 2 through a second inner cone groove 12 and a second outer cone 13. Figure 1, the semi-finished crankshaft is disconnected at the A and B positions to form the front end, middle end and rear end of the semi-finished crankshaft. The front end serves as the matrix of the front flange shaft head 1 of this embodiment, the middle end serves as the matrix of the crankshaft connecting part 3 of this embodiment, and the rear end serves as the matrix of the rear flange shaft head 2 of this embodiment. The appearance and shape of each part of the device are consistent with those of its matrix. Position A is the position where the front end journal of the semi-finished crankshaft is close to the front main journal, and position B is the position where the rear end journal of the semi-finished crankshaft is close to the rear main journal. The selection of this position can not only ensure that the clamping and positioning reference of the debugging device and the semi-finished crankshaft debugging flange remain unchanged, but also ensure that when using this debugging device, the parameters such as the drilling depth and the milling keyway position depth when debugging the threaded hole and keyway are consistent with the semi-finished crankshaft. Since the fixture mainly fixes the middle end of the semi-finished crankshaft during the processing, when the flange drilling process is required, the crankshaft connecting part 3 can be easily fixed on the workbench by a fixture suitable for the semi-finished crankshaft. The crankshaft connection part 3 is connected to the front flange shaft head 1 and the rear flange shaft head 2 by setting inner conical grooves or outer cones at both ends to form a detachable replacement crankshaft, namely a flange debugging device. The front flange shaft head 1 and the rear flange shaft head 2 can be mass-produced as replaceable products. During the debugging process, if the shaft head flange debugging at either end fails, it can be directly replaced on the workbench. The crankshaft connection part 3 is always fixed on the workbench, which reduces the generation of waste due to fixture debugging, and is convenient and reliable. It should be understood that whether the front shaft head flange and the rear shaft head flange are set at the same time is determined according to the specific form of the crankshaft processing. If only one end of the crankshaft needs to be set with a flange, the flange debugging device only sets the flange shaft head at one end, and the crankshaft connection part 3 is also adjusted accordingly.

[0021] The inner conical groove plays a guiding role when connecting parts, can accurately align, and provide a certain assembly clearance. The outer cone can make the connecting parts fit tightly together and provide a certain assembly clearance and self-locking function, while also providing a larger contact area and stability. The cross-section of the first inner conical groove 5 and the cross-section of the second inner conical groove 12 are set to be small inside and large outside, which is more conducive to the tight fit and self-locking between the connecting parts.

[0022] The first inner conical groove 5 is arranged on the front flange shaft head 1 or on the end where the crankshaft connection part 3 and the front flange shaft head 1 are connected, and the first outer cone 6 matched with the first inner conical groove 5 is arranged on the end where the crankshaft connection part 3 and the front flange shaft head 1 are connected, or on the front flange shaft head 1. The second inner conical groove 12 is arranged on the rear flange shaft head 2 or on the end where the crankshaft connection part 3 and the rear flange shaft head 2 are connected, and the second outer cone 13 matched with the second inner conical groove 12 is arranged on the end where the crankshaft connection part 3 and the rear flange shaft head 2 are connected, or on the rear flange shaft head 2. Whether the inner conical groove or the outer cone is arranged on the front flange shaft head 1 and the rear flange shaft head 2 mainly depends on the length of the flange to be drilled on the shaft head and the shape structure of the shaft head. If the end face of the flange to be drilled is long enough and there is no interference from other structures, it is preferably arranged as an outer cone; if the end face of the flange to be drilled is short or there is interference from other structures, and the shaft head cannot be modified into an outer cone, it is arranged as an inner conical groove. It should be understood that if Figure 2 This embodiment adopts a combination of a first inner conical groove 5 provided on the front flange shaft head 1 and a second inner conical groove 12 provided on the rear flange shaft head 2, but is not limited to this combination.

[0023] The first inner cone groove 5 and the first outer cone 6 are fixed by the fixing member 4, and the second inner cone groove 12 and the second outer cone 13 are fixed by the fixing member 4. A first countersunk hole 7 for fixing the fixing member 4 is provided at one end of the front flange shaft head 1 away from the crankshaft connecting portion 3, and a second countersunk hole 14 for fixing the fixing member 4 is provided at one end of the rear flange shaft head 2 away from the crankshaft connecting portion 3. The fixing member 4 can be fixed by bolts. In order to facilitate the fixing of the operating bolts, the first countersunk hole 7 and the second countersunk hole 14 are provided at both ends of the device to communicate with the outside.

[0024] like Figure 3-Figure 4This scheme also provides another embodiment, a milling keyway debugging device for crankshaft processing is implemented based on the flange debugging device after flange debugging, and the specific scheme is as follows: the end of the front flange shaft head 1 away from the crankshaft connection part 3 and the end of the rear flange shaft head 2 away from the crankshaft connection part 3 are respectively detachably connected with end covers 8. It should be understood that some crankshafts may not need flanges at both ends, and the corresponding debugging device is also provided with a flange shaft head, and the milling keyway debugging device is also matched with only one end cover 8. The end cover 8 is connected to the machine tool center 11 through the end cover center hole 15, and the front flange shaft head 1 and the rear flange shaft head 2 are respectively provided with flange holes 9 processed after flange debugging, and the end cover 8 is provided with a hole 16 that matches the flange hole 9, and the hole 16 is connected to the flange hole 9 by bolts, and the end cover 8 is fixed to the ends of the front flange shaft head 1 and the rear flange shaft head 2. The end surface of the end cover 8 facing the fixing member is provided with a stopper 10, and the stopper 10, the first countersunk hole 7, the second countersunk hole 14 and the end cover center hole 15 are coaxially arranged to facilitate the centering of the machine tool top 11. The end cover center hole 15 is tapered and inclined toward the stopper 10 to facilitate the fixing of the tapered machine tool top 11. Before debugging, the crankshaft connection part 3 needs to be fixed on a workbench for milling keyway debugging. If the milling keyway debugging of the flange shaft head at either end fails, it can be directly replaced on the workbench without re-adjusting the fixture and fixing it again.

[0025] The workflow of using this device is as follows:

[0026] First, fix the crankshaft connection part 3 on the workbench by a suitable fixture, select the undrilled front flange shaft head 1 and the rear flange shaft head 2 to be fixedly connected to the crankshaft connection part 3 respectively, and perform flange debugging. If there is a problem during the debugging process, the new front flange shaft head 1 or rear flange shaft head 2 can be detachably replaced by bolts until the debugging is qualified. After the debugging is qualified, it can be directly processed to the normal semi-finished crankshaft of this process. Fix the flange debugging device after flange debugging on another machine tool fixture, fix the end cover 8 at both ends of the front flange shaft head 1 and the rear flange shaft head 2, and wait for the machine tool top 11 at both ends to respectively press the end cover center hole 15 of the front flange shaft head 1 and the rear flange shaft head 2 to perform the keyway milling debugging process. If the debugging fails, replace the front flange shaft head 1 or the rear flange shaft head 2 until it is qualified. After the debugging is qualified, it can be directly processed to the normal semi-finished crankshaft of this process.

[0027] The above is a detailed description of the specific implementation of the utility model in conjunction with the drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the described implementation. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle and spirit of the utility model, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations are made to these implementations, which still fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A drilling flange debugging device for crankshaft machining, characterized in that: It comprises a front flange shaft head (1), the front flange shaft head (1) being detachably connected to a crankshaft connecting part (3) via a first inner cone groove (5) and a first outer cone (6), and the crankshaft connecting part (3) being detachably connected to a rear flange shaft head (2) via a second inner cone groove (12) and a second outer cone (13); The first inner conical groove (5) is arranged on the front flange shaft head (1) or on one end where the crankshaft connecting part (3) is connected to the front flange shaft head (1); the first outer cone (6) is arranged on one end where the crankshaft connecting part (3) is connected to the front flange shaft head (1) or on the front flange shaft head (1) in coordination with the first inner conical groove (5); The second inner conical groove (12) is arranged on the rear flange shaft head (2) or on one end where the crankshaft connecting part (3) is connected to the rear flange shaft head (2), and the second outer cone (13) is arranged on one end where the crankshaft connecting part (3) is connected to the rear flange shaft head (2) or on the rear flange shaft head (2) in coordination with the second inner conical groove (12).

2. A drilling flange debugging device for crankshaft machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the first inner conical groove (5) and the second inner conical groove (12) are arranged to be smaller inside and larger outside.

3. The drilling flange debugging device for crankshaft machining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first inner cone groove (5) and the first outer cone (6) are fixed by a fixing member (4), and the second inner cone groove (12) and the second outer cone (13) are fixed by a fixing member (4).

4. A drilling flange debugging device for crankshaft machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first countersunk hole (7) for fixing the fixing member (4) is provided at one end of the front flange shaft head (1) away from the crankshaft connecting portion (3), and a second countersunk hole (14) for fixing the fixing member (4) is provided at one end of the rear flange shaft head (2) away from the crankshaft connecting portion (3).

5. A milling keyway debugging device for crankshaft machining, comprising a drilling flange debugging device for crankshaft machining as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: An end of the front flange shaft head (1) away from the crankshaft connection part (3) and an end of the rear flange shaft head (2) away from the crankshaft connection part (3) are respectively detachably connected to an end cover (8), and the end cover (8) is connected to the machine tool center (11) through the end cover center hole (15). The front flange shaft head (1) and the rear flange shaft head (2) are respectively provided with flange holes (9) processed after flange debugging, and the end cover (8) is provided with a hole (16) matching the flange hole (9), and the hole (16) is connected to the flange hole (9) through bolts.

6. The keyway milling and debugging device for crankshaft machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: A stopper (10) is provided on the end surface of the end cover (8) facing the fixing member, and the stopper (10), the first countersunk hole (7), the second countersunk hole (14) and the center hole (15) of the end cover are coaxially arranged.

7. A keyway milling and debugging device for crankshaft machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end cover center hole (15) is tapered and is inclined from one end surface of the end cover (8) toward the stopper (10).

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