Gas cooling plasma arc torch

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gas cooling plasma arc torch, which belongs to the technical field of plasma arc torches, and comprises an anode electrode sleeved in a cathode electrode, an insulating ceramic arranged between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, a heat dissipation sleeve sleeved outside the cathode electrode, a hollow cavity arranged in the heat dissipation sleeve, and a gas inlet arranged in the hollow cavity. A flow guide air pipe communicated with the hollow cavity is arranged on the side of the heat dissipation sleeve, a flow guide piece is spirally arranged on the inner wall of the hollow cavity in a surrounding mode and is of a strip-shaped body structure, and the sections of the two ends of the flow guide piece are different. The device can provide various modes of effective gas cooling schemes for the electrode, the service life of the electrode is prolonged, and the device is simple in structure and easy to manufacture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of plasma arc torches, in particular to a gas-cooled plasma arc torch. Background Art

[0002] A gas-cooled plasma arc torch is a device for generating high-temperature plasma using gas cooling. It heats the gas to an extremely high temperature through arc discharge to form plasma. This technology is used in many fields, including but not limited to material processing, metal cutting, welding, surface treatment, etc. However, plasma arc torches in the prior art usually use liquid phase cooling to reduce the temperature of the electrode, thereby achieving the effect of slowing down electrode ablation. This practice eventually ends up with the discharge distance being too large due to electrode ablation, making it difficult to sustain the discharge and ending the life of the plasma arc torch in the prior art. Therefore, the life of the plasma arc torch in the prior art is generally only a few hundred hours.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of plasma arc torch life, many solutions are provided in the prior art. For example, the existing patent EP08730062 discloses a group of gas-cooled plasma arc cutting torches. The technical solution provided by this patent is a nozzle of a plasma arc torch for cutting or welding metal workpieces. The nozzle has a hollow body that provides a heat conduction path. The heat conduction path transfers heat between the body and the cooling gas flow channel during operation of the plasma arc torch. However, the structure of this patent is relatively complex and the manufacturing difficulty is relatively large.

[0004] It should be noted that the above introduction to the technical background is only for the convenience of providing a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present application and for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art. It cannot be considered that the above technical solutions are well known to those skilled in the art simply because they are described in the background technology section of the present application. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a gas-cooled plasma arc torch, which can provide multiple modes of effective cooling solutions for electrodes, extend the service life of the electrodes, and has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A gas-cooled plasma arc torch comprises an anode electrode sleeved on a cathode electrode, and an insulating ceramic is arranged between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode.

[0008] The cathode electrode is a cylindrical sleeve structure with openings at both ends and a hollow inner cavity. The bottom of the cathode electrode is a hollow cylinder with a certain thickness. The cylinder and the cathode electrode are designed as an integrated whole. The cathode electrode adopts a slope design with uniformly increasing thickness from the middle of the cathode electrode to the top of the cylinder.

[0009] The anode electrode is a cylindrical sleeve structure with two sealed ends and a hollow inner cavity. The top of the anode electrode is a cylinder with a certain thickness and an air intake pipe in the center. The outer diameter of the cylinder is larger than the lower end of the cylinder and is used to rest on the top of the insulating ceramic for installation. The outer periphery of the top of the cylinder has a circle of protrusions connected to the power supply. The anode electrode is an integrated design. One end of the air intake pipe is connected to the end of the anode electrode, and the other end is arranged in the anode electrode. The diameter of the air intake pipe and the anode electrode connection end is gradually reduced toward the other end.

[0010] The insulating ceramic is a columnar sleeve structure with sealed ends and a hollow inner cavity. The top end of the columnar sleeve protrudes outward by a certain thickness and is used to rest on the top end of the cathode electrode for installation.

[0011] After the utility model is assembled, the outward protruding portion of the top end of the anode electrode overlaps the top end of the insulating ceramic, and the outward protruding portion of the top end of the insulating ceramic overlaps the top end of the cathode electrode. The insulating ceramic separates the anode electrode and the cathode electrode and integrates them into a stable whole.

[0012] A heat dissipation sleeve is provided on the outside of the cathode electrode, and a hollow chamber is provided inside the heat dissipation sleeve. A flow guide pipe connected to the hollow chamber is provided on the side of the heat dissipation sleeve. A flow guide piece is spirally arranged on the inner wall of the hollow chamber. The flow guide piece is a strip structure with different cross-sections at both ends.

[0013] The cooling air enters the hollow chamber inside the heat dissipation sleeve through the guide air duct at one end of the heat dissipation sleeve. The cooling gas passes through the guide piece. Because the guide piece is a strip structure with different cross-sections at both ends, the passing cooling gas can be diverted, so that the cooling gas can pass quickly and take away the heat emitted by the cathode electrode more efficiently, and then be discharged through the guide air duct at the other end of the heat dissipation sleeve, achieving the effect of rapid heat dissipation.

[0014] The working gas enters the anode electrode through the air intake pipe. The radial direction of the connection end of the air intake pipe and the anode electrode is gradually reduced toward the other end, so that the working gas entering the anode electrode can be gathered together, and the pressure increases accordingly, which also ensures that the gas entering the anode electrode can enter the air intake piece at the first time, and then enter the discharge gap.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the anode electrode is flush with the bottom surface of the cathode electrode to ensure that the direction of the plasma arc is substantially perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cathode electrode when ejected. There is a space between the two to form a discharge gap for forming a plasma arc.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the upper end of the anode electrode is provided with an air outlet hole connected to the hollow inner cavity thereof, so as to assist the cooling of the anode electrode and reduce the internal pressure of the anode electrode. The lower end of the anode electrode is provided with an air hole connected to the hollow inner cavity thereof and is provided with an air outlet member, the level of which is lower than the level of the air inlet pipe at the bottom end of the anode electrode, so as to ensure that the gas entering the anode electrode from the air inlet pipe can enter the discharge gap through the air outlet member at the first time.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the gas outlet component has an annular tube body equipped with the air hole at the lower end of the anode electrode, which can be screwed into the air hole at the lower end of the anode electrode and fixed. A through hole is opened around the annular tube body. One end of the annular tube body is connected to an extension tube body which is coaxial with the annular tube body and passes through both ends. The inner wall and the outer wall of the extension tube are provided with spiral grooves. These special structures will rectify the passing gas to form a vortex, reduce the impact of the high-pressure gas on the discharge gap and avoid continuing the impact direction.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the utility model, an air intake manifold connected to the air intake pipe is provided outside the anode electrode, and a gas cylinder is connected to the other end of the air intake manifold for providing working gas and cooling gas for the plasma arc torch.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the utility model, a pressure sensor and a flow regulating valve are provided on the air intake main pipe to automatically adjust the supply of cooling gas according to pressure feedback. When the pressure sensor detects abnormal data, the gas flow rate is automatically adjusted to ensure the safety of the gas cooling plasma arc torch equipment.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the anode electrode is connected to a power supply interface to provide electrical power to the plasma arc torch.

[0021] The anode electrode and the cathode electrode are selected from tungsten, copper or alloys thereof.

[0022] The working gas and the cooling gas are a single inert gas or a mixture of inert gases.

[0023] The inert gas is selected from argon, nitrogen, helium or any combination thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the implementation or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of a gas-cooled plasma arc torch solution of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the matching scheme of the anode electrode and the gas outlet member of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the insulating ceramic solution of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cathode electrode scheme of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation sleeve structure of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation sleeve of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake pipe structure of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas outlet member of the utility model;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gas outlet component of the utility model.

[0034] Figure numbers: 10-anode electrode; 20-cathode electrode; 30-insulating ceramic; 40-heat dissipation sleeve; 101-air outlet; 102-air inlet pipe; 103-air outlet piece; 104-discharge gap; 105-power interface; 106-air inlet main pipe; 110-flow regulating valve; 120-pressure sensor; 401-air guide pipe; 402-air guide piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0036] The following first describes the concepts involved in the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description of each concept is only to make the content of the present application easier to understand, and does not limit the scope of protection of the present application; at the same time, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] The utility model provides a gas-cooled plasma arc torch, comprising: an anode electrode 10 sleeved in a cathode electrode 20, an insulating ceramic 30 is provided between the cathode electrode 20 and the anode electrode 10, a heat dissipation sleeve 40 is sleeved on the outer side of the cathode electrode 20, a hollow chamber is provided in the heat dissipation sleeve 40, a flow guide air pipe 401 connected to the hollow chamber is provided on the side of the heat dissipation sleeve 40, a flow guide member 402 is spirally arranged on the inner wall of the hollow chamber, and the flow guide member 402 is a strip structure with different cross sections at both ends.

[0039] The cathode electrode 20 is a cylindrical sleeve structure with openings at both ends and a hollow inner cavity. The bottom of the cathode electrode 20 is a hollow cylinder with a certain thickness. The cylinder and the cathode electrode are designed as an integrated whole. The cathode electrode 20 adopts a slope design with uniformly increasing thickness from the middle to the top of the cylinder.

[0040] The anode electrode 10 is a cylindrical sleeve structure with sealed ends and a hollow inner cavity. The top of the anode electrode 10 is a cylinder with a certain thickness and an air intake pipe 102 in the center. The outer diameter of the cylinder is larger than the lower end of the cylinder and is used to be placed on the top of the insulating ceramic 30 for installation. The outer periphery of the top of the cylinder has a circle of protrusions for connecting to a power source. The anode electrode 10 is an integrated design. One end of the air intake pipe 102 is connected to the end of the anode electrode 10, and the other end is arranged in the anode electrode 10. The diameter of the air intake pipe 102 at the connection end of the anode electrode 10 tapers toward the other end.

[0041] The insulating ceramic 30 is a cylindrical sleeve structure with sealed ends and a hollow inner cavity. The top end of the cylindrical sleeve protrudes outward by a certain thickness to be placed on the top end of the cathode electrode 20 for installation.

[0042] After the utility model is assembled, the outward protruding portion of the top of the anode electrode 10 overlaps the top of the insulating ceramic 30, and the outward protruding portion of the top of the insulating ceramic 30 overlaps the top of the cathode electrode 20. The insulating ceramic 30 separates the anode electrode 10 and the cathode electrode 20 and integrates them into a stable whole.

[0043] A heat dissipation sleeve 40 is provided on the outside of the cathode electrode 20, and a hollow chamber is provided inside the heat dissipation sleeve 40. A flow guide 401 connected to the hollow chamber is provided on the side of the heat dissipation sleeve 40, and a flow guide 402 is spirally arranged on the inner wall of the hollow chamber. The flow guide 402 is a strip structure with different cross-sections at both ends.

[0044] The cooling air enters the hollow chamber inside the heat dissipation sleeve 40 through the guide air pipe 401 at one end of the heat dissipation sleeve 40. The cooling gas passes through the guide member 402. Since the guide member is a strip structure with different cross-sections at both ends, the passing cooling gas can be diverted, so that the cooling gas can pass quickly and take away the heat emitted by the cathode electrode 20 more efficiently, and then be discharged through the guide air pipe 401 at the other end of the heat dissipation sleeve 40, thereby achieving the effect of rapid heat dissipation.

[0045] The working gas enters the anode electrode 10 through the air inlet pipe 102. The air inlet pipe 102 is connected to the anode electrode 10 by a tube whose radial direction is gradually reduced toward the other end, so that the working gas entering the anode electrode 10 can be gathered together, and the pressure increases accordingly, which also ensures that the gas entering the anode electrode 10 can enter the air inlet piece 103 as soon as possible, and then enter the discharge gap 104.

[0046] The bottom surfaces of the anode electrode 10 and the cathode electrode 20 are arranged flush with each other to ensure that the plasma arc is ejected in a direction substantially perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cathode electrode 20. There is a space between the two, and the space forms a discharge gap 104 for forming a plasma arc.

[0047] The upper end of the anode electrode 10 is provided with an air outlet 101 in communication with the hollow inner cavity thereof, so as to assist the cooling of the anode electrode 10 and reduce the internal pressure of the anode electrode 10. The lower end of the anode electrode 10 is provided with an air hole in communication with the hollow inner cavity thereof and is provided with an air outlet member 103, the level of which is lower than the level of the air inlet pipe 102 at the bottom end of the anode electrode 10, so as to ensure that the gas entering the anode electrode 10 from the air inlet pipe 102 can enter the discharge gap through the air outlet member 103 at the first time.

[0048] See the attached for the structure of the air outlet Fig. 9 As shown, the gas outlet member 103 has an annular tube body equipped with the air hole at the lower end of the anode electrode 10, which can be screwed into the air hole at the lower end of the anode electrode 10 and fixed. A through hole is opened around the annular tube body, and one end of the annular tube body is connected to an extension tube body which is coaxial with the annular tube body and penetrates at both ends. The inner wall and the outer wall of the extension tube are provided with spiral grooves. These special structures will rectify the passing gas to form a vortex, reduce the impact of the high-pressure gas on the discharge gap and avoid continuous impact in one direction.

[0049] An air intake manifold 106 communicating with the air intake pipe 102 is disposed outside the anode electrode 10 , and a gas cylinder is connected to the other end of the air intake manifold for providing working gas and cooling gas to the plasma arc torch.

[0050] The air intake manifold 106 is provided with a pressure sensor 120 and a flow control valve 110, which automatically adjust the supply of cooling gas according to pressure feedback. When the pressure sensor detects abnormal data, it automatically adjusts the gas flow to ensure the safety of the gas cooling plasma arc torch equipment.

[0051] The anode electrode 10 is connected to a power interface 105 to provide electrical power to the plasma arc torch.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] See attached Figure 6 As shown, the heat dissipation sleeve 40 is a columnar sleeve structure, and an annular groove is arranged in an array on the outer wall of the heat dissipation sleeve 40, which can increase the heat dissipation area and quickly cool down. The heat dissipation sleeve 40 extends to the lower end of the cathode electrode 20, increasing the contact area between the internal cavity of the heat dissipation sleeve 40 and the cathode electrode 20. A part does not contact the cathode electrode 20, and the bottom of the heat dissipation sleeve 40 has a port level lower than the level of the cathode electrode 20, and the inner diameter of the column sleeve structure of the heat dissipation sleeve 40 below the level of the cathode electrode 20 is larger than the inner diameter of the part in contact with the cathode electrode 20, which can limit the range of the plasma torch and improve the equipment safety of the plasma arc torch.

[0054] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the utility model in any form. Any technical personnel in this field may make slight changes or modifications to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the utility model, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the utility model.

[0055] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the utility model to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A gas-cooled plasma arc torch, comprising an anode electrode (10) sleeved within a cathode electrode (20), wherein an insulating ceramic (30) is provided between the cathode electrode (20) and the anode electrode (10), Features: The cathode electrode (20) is sleeved with a heat dissipation sleeve (40) on the outside, the heat dissipation sleeve (40) having a hollow chamber therein, a flow guide air pipe (401) communicating with the hollow chamber being provided on the side of the heat dissipation sleeve (40), a flow guide member (402) being arranged spirally around the inner wall of the hollow chamber, the flow guide member (402) being a strip-shaped structure with two ends having different cross-sections.

2. A gas-cooled plasma arc torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode electrode (10) is a cylindrical sleeve structure with sealed ends and a hollow inner cavity. The anode electrode (10) has an air intake pipe (102) built in. One end of the air intake pipe (102) is connected to the end of the anode electrode (10), and the other end is arranged in the anode electrode (10). The pipe diameter of the end where the air intake pipe (102) is connected to the anode electrode (10) gradually decreases towards the other end.

3. A gas-cooled plasma arc torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surfaces of the anode electrode (10) and the cathode electrode (20) are arranged flush with each other, and there is a separation space between the two, wherein the separation space forms a discharge gap (104).

4. A gas-cooled plasma arc torch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the anode electrode (10) is provided with an air outlet hole (101) communicating with the hollow inner cavity thereof, the lower end of the anode electrode (10) is provided with an air hole communicating with the hollow inner cavity thereof and is provided with an air outlet piece (103), the level of the air outlet piece (103) being lower than the level of the air inlet pipe (102) at the bottom end of the anode electrode (10).

5. A gas-cooled plasma arc torch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas outlet member (103) comprises an annular tube body arranged with the air hole at the lower end of the anode electrode (10), the annular tube body being provided with a through hole around it, one end of the annular tube body being connected to an extension tube body which is coaxial with the annular tube body and has two through holes, and the inner wall and outer wall of the extension tube are both provided with spiral grooves.

6. A gas-cooled plasma arc torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air intake manifold (106) in communication with the air intake pipe (102) is provided outside the anode electrode (10).

7. A gas-cooled plasma arc torch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The intake manifold (106) is provided with a pressure sensor (120) and a flow regulating valve (110).

8. A gas-cooled plasma arc torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode electrode (10) is connected to a power supply interface (105).

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