Light rail type three-dimensional cutting device and machining method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a light rail type three-dimensional cutting device and a machining method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of steel structure cutting. The light rail type three-dimensional cutting device comprises a cutting main machine, a guide rail is arranged at the lower end of the cutting main machine, and electromagnet blocks magnetically connected with a workpiece to be machined are arranged on the two sides of the lower end of the guide rail; a cutting torch is arranged on the side edge of the cutting main machine, a transverse rack is arranged between the cutting torch and the cutting main machine, a cutting torch seat capable of transversely moving along the transverse rack is arranged between the transverse rack and the cutting torch, a vertical rack for driving the cutting torch to move up and down is arranged in the cutting torch seat, and a lifting knob meshed with the vertical rack in a tooth form mode is arranged on the cutting torch seat. The device has the advantages of compact structure, convenience in operation, good running stability, time saving and labor saving. Movement and flame size of the flame cutting gun are accurately controlled through a numerical control system, metal materials are cut through heat generated by combustion of oxygen and fuel gas, and the flame cutting device is suitable for cutting large-thickness carbon steel plates and low in cutting cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steel structure cutting, and particularly relates to a light rail type three-dimensional cutting device and a processing method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] For the bevel processing of steel structures, the heat energy of a gas flame is used to heat the cutting part of the workpiece to a certain temperature, and then a high-speed cutting oxygen flow is used to make the steel burn and release heat to achieve cutting. Commonly, an oxygen-acetylene flame is used as the gas flame cutting, also known as oxygen-acetylene gas cutting.

[0003] Properties of oxygen and acetylene: Oxygen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. When mixed with acetylene and burned, the temperature can reach above 3150 °C, which is most suitable for welding and gas cutting. Pure oxygen is very active at high temperatures. When the temperature remains unchanged and the pressure increases, oxygen can undergo a violent chemical reaction with oils, causing spontaneous combustion and generating a strong explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly prevent the oxygen cylinder from coming into contact with grease.

[0004] Acetylene (C2H2), also known as calcium carbide gas, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. At normal temperature and atmospheric pressure, it is a colorless gas. In industrial acetylene, because it contains many impurities such as phosphine and hydrogen sulfide, it has a pungent and special smell. Acetylene is a combustible gas. When the temperature of acetylene is higher than 600 °C or the pressure exceeds 0.15 MPa, it will explode immediately when encountering an open flame. Therefore, attention should be paid to ventilation at the welding and gas cutting sites.

[0005] Process and conditions of gas cutting: Gas cutting consists of three processes: preheating of the metal, combustion, and removal of oxides. When starting gas cutting, it is necessary to preheat the metal at the gas cutting part to the ignition point (the ignition point of carbon steel is about 1100 - 1150 °C) with a preheating flame, and then spray the cutting oxygen onto the metal that has reached the ignition point and start burning violently, generating a large amount of oxides (slag). Due to the large amount of heat released during combustion, the slag is blown away. In this way, the heat generated during the oxidation of the upper layer of metal is transferred to the lower layer of metal, preheating the lower layer of metal to the ignition point, and the gas cutting process penetrates from the surface to the entire thickness until the metal is cut through.

[0006] The gas cutting performance of various metals is different. Only metals that meet the following conditions can be smoothly gas cut: The ignition point of the metal in oxygen is lower than the melting point of the metal.

[0007] The melting point of the oxide is lower than the melting point of the metal itself.

[0008] The metal can release more heat during combustion.

[0009] The thermal conductivity of the metal should not be too high.

[0010] The end processing of steel structures generally uses semi-automatic trolley cutting machines or numerical control section steel cutting equipment. The former is suitable for scenarios with limited budgets and relatively simple cutting requirements, but has low efficiency and accuracy. The latter is suitable for industries that require high-efficiency and high-precision cutting of section steel, but has a relatively single function and is not suitable for complex components with brackets and component plates. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The present invention mainly solves the deficiencies existing in the prior art, and provides a light rail type three-dimensional cutting device and its processing method, which have the advantages of compact structure, convenient operation, good running stability, time-saving and labor-saving. The movement of the flame cutting gun and the size of the flame are precisely controlled by a numerical control system, and the heat generated by the combustion of oxygen and gas is used to cut metal materials, which is suitable for cutting thick carbon steel plates and has a relatively low cutting cost.

[0012] The above technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solutions: A light rail type three-dimensional cutting device, including a workpiece to be processed, and a three-dimensional cutting assembly for cutting or grooving the workpiece to be processed is provided at the upper end or side end of the workpiece to be processed. The three-dimensional cutting assembly includes a cutting host, a guide rail is provided at the lower end of the cutting host, electromagnetic iron blocks magnetically connected to the workpiece to be processed are provided on both sides of the lower end of the guide rail, a longitudinal rack is provided between the guide rail and the cutting host, a cutting torch is provided on the side of the cutting host, a transverse rack is provided between the cutting torch and the cutting host, a torch seat that horizontally displaces along the transverse rack is provided between the transverse rack and the cutting torch, a vertical rack for driving the cutting torch to move up and down is provided in the torch seat, and a lifting knob that is in tooth-shaped engagement with the vertical rack is provided on the torch seat.

[0013] Preferably, a speed regulator is provided at the upper end of the cutting host, a direction switch electrically connected to the cutting host is provided on the side of the speed regulator, and a clutch release lever is provided on the side of the cutting host. When the clutch release lever is inclined to the right, the clutch is disengaged (OFF); when it is inclined to the left, the clutch is engaged (ON). The speed regulator is accelerated by rotating the knob clockwise, and the cutting host controls the operation of the control board, control switch and speed regulator.

[0014] Preferably, sliding rollers that are snap-fitted and slidably inserted into the guide rail are provided on both the front and rear sides of the lower end of the cutting host; a carrying handle is provided on the side of the clutch release lever.

[0015] Preferably, a heat insulation plate fixedly connected to the cutting host by screws is provided between the lower part of the cutting host and the cutting torch.

[0016] Preferably, a left - right displacement knob which is in tooth - shaped engagement with the horizontal rack is provided at the rear end of the cutting main body.

[0017] Preferably, the workpiece to be processed is parts, sections, box - type steel structures, vertical plate boilers or curved steel plates for shipbuilding in various shapes.

[0018] A processing method for a light - type orbital three - dimensional cutting device includes the following operation steps: The first step: Mark the center line on the outer contour of the workpiece to be processed and make a center punch mark.

[0019] The second step: Make a measurement line perpendicular to the center line at a position 200 mm - 300 mm away from the end face, and then make an end cutting line parallel to the measurement line.

[0020] The third step: Starting from the end point of the end cutting line in the plate thickness direction, make corresponding bevel angle lines.

[0021] The fourth step: Place the guide rail at the cutting position of the workpiece to be processed, perform electromagnetic suction through the electromagnet block, and align the cutting torch with the cutting starting point.

[0022] The fifth step: Bring the flame close to the cutting torch to ignite it, ensure sufficient pre - heating, and then start cutting.

[0023] Preferably, the cutting torch is controlled by the cutting main body and realizes three - dimensional cutting of the cutting torch along the longitudinal rack, vertical rack and horizontal rack.

[0024] The present invention can achieve the following effects: The present invention provides a light - type orbital three - dimensional cutting device and its processing method. Compared with the prior art, it has the advantages of compact structure, convenient operation, good running stability, time - saving and labor - saving. By precisely controlling the movement of the flame cutting gun and the size of the flame through the numerical control system, using the heat generated by the combustion of oxygen and fuel gas to cut metal materials, it is applicable to the cutting of thick carbon steel plates, and the cutting cost is relatively low. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the side operation of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper - end operation of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: workpiece to be processed 1, three-dimensional cutting assembly 2, guide rail 3, longitudinal rack 4, cutting mainframe 5, speed regulator 6, clutch release lever 7, carrying handle 8, vertical rack 9, torch seat 10, lifting knob 11, torch 12, electromagnet block 13, heat insulation plate 14, left and right displacement knob 15, sliding roller 16, horizontal rack 17, direction switch 18. Detailed implementation method

[0029] The technical solution of the invention will be further specifically described below through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Embodiment: As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a light rail type three-dimensional cutting device includes a workpiece to be processed 1, and the workpiece to be processed 1 is various shaped parts, sections, box steel structures, vertical plate boilers or curved steel plates for shipbuilding. A three-dimensional cutting assembly 2 for cutting or grooving the workpiece to be processed 1 is provided at the upper end or side end of the workpiece to be processed 1. The three-dimensional cutting assembly 2 includes a cutting mainframe 5. A speed regulator 6 is provided at the upper end of the cutting mainframe 5. A direction switch 18 electrically connected to the cutting mainframe 5 is provided on the side of the speed regulator 6. A clutch release lever 7 is provided on the side of the cutting mainframe 5. A guide rail 3 is provided at the lower end of the cutting mainframe 5. Sliding rollers 16 that are snap-fitted and slidably inserted with the guide rail 3 are provided on both the front and rear sides at the lower end of the cutting mainframe 5. A carrying handle 8 is provided on the side of the clutch release lever 7. Electromagnet blocks 13 magnetically connected to the workpiece to be processed 1 are provided on both sides at the lower end of the guide rail 3. A longitudinal rack 4 is provided between the guide rail 3 and the cutting mainframe 5. A torch 12 is provided on the side of the cutting mainframe 5. A heat insulation plate 14 fixedly connected to the cutting mainframe 5 by screws is provided between the lower part of the cutting mainframe 5 and the torch 12. A horizontal rack 17 is provided between the torch 12 and the cutting mainframe 5. A left and right displacement knob 15 that is in tooth-shaped engagement with the horizontal rack 17 is provided at the rear end of the cutting mainframe 5. A torch seat 10 that horizontally displaces along the horizontal rack 17 is provided between the horizontal rack 17 and the torch 12. A vertical rack 9 for driving the torch 12 to move up and down is provided inside the torch seat 10. A lifting knob 11 that is in tooth-shaped engagement with the vertical rack 9 is provided on the torch seat 10.

[0031] A processing method for a light rail type three-dimensional cutting device includes the following operation steps: First step: Mark the center line on the outer contour of the workpiece to be processed 1 and make a center punch mark.

[0032] Second step: Make a measurement line perpendicular to the center line at a distance of 200 mm to 300 mm from the end face, and then make an end cutting line parallel to the measurement line.

[0033] Third step: Starting from the end point of the end cutting line in the plate thickness direction, make corresponding bevel angle lines.

[0034] Step 4: Place the guide rail 3 at the cutting position of the workpiece to be processed 1, perform electromagnetic suction through the electromagnet block 13, and align the cutting torch 12 with the cutting starting point. The cutting torch 12 is controlled by the cutting host 5 and moves along the longitudinal rack 4, vertical rack 9, and transverse rack 17 to achieve three-dimensional cutting of the cutting torch 12.

[0035] Step 5: Bring the flame close to the cutting torch 12 to ignite it, ensure sufficient preheating, and then start cutting.

[0036] The three-dimensional flame cutting machine uses a numerical control system to control every step of the cutting process, including parameters such as cutting path, cutting speed, and cutting depth. The numerical control system can automatically control the movement trajectory and flame size of the flame cutting gun according to the preset program, thereby achieving precise cutting of metal materials.

[0037] The flame cutting system is the core part of the three-dimensional flame cutting machine. It uses the heat energy generated by the combustion of oxygen and fuel gas (such as acetylene, propane, liquefied gas, etc.) to preheat the cutting area of the workpiece to the ignition point of the metal, and then sprays a high-speed cutting oxygen stream to make the preheated metal burn and release heat to achieve cutting.

[0038] The drive system is responsible for controlling the movement of the cutting gun, including horizontal and vertical movements, and possible rotational movements to meet the requirements of three-dimensional cutting. The drive system usually includes motors, guide rails, and transmission devices, etc., to ensure that the cutting gun can move precisely along the preset trajectory.

[0039] In order to keep the distance between the cutting machine head and the steel plate constant, the three-dimensional flame cutting machine is usually equipped with an automatic height adjustment device. This device can automatically adjust the height of the cutting machine head according to the thickness of the steel plate and changes during the cutting process to ensure cutting quality and efficiency.

[0040] In summary, the light rail type three-dimensional cutting device and its processing method have the advantages of compact structure, convenient operation, good running stability, and time-saving and labor-saving. By precisely controlling the movement and flame size of the flame cutting gun through the numerical control system, using the heat generated by the combustion of oxygen and fuel gas to cut metal materials, it is suitable for cutting thick carbon steel plates, and the cutting cost is relatively low.

[0041] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are covered by the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light rail-type three-dimensional cutting device, comprising a workpiece to be processed (1), characterized in that: The workpiece (1) to be processed is provided with a three-dimensional cutting assembly (2) at the upper end or the side end thereof for cutting or cutting the workpiece (1); the three-dimensional cutting assembly (2) comprises a cutting main unit (5); a guide rail (3) is provided at the lower end of the cutting main unit (5); electromagnet blocks (13) magnetically connected to the workpiece (1) to be processed are provided on both sides of the lower end of the guide rail (3); a longitudinal rack (4) is provided between the guide rail (3) and the cutting main unit (5); a cutting torch (12) is provided at the side of the cutting main unit (5); a transverse rack (17) is provided between the cutting torch (12) and the cutting main unit (5); a cutting torch seat (10) which is laterally displaced along the transverse rack (17) is provided between the transverse rack (17) and the cutting torch (12); a vertical rack (9) is provided inside the cutting torch seat (10) for driving the cutting torch (12) to move up and down; and a lifting knob (11) which is tooth-engaged with the vertical rack (9) is provided on the cutting torch seat (10).

2. The light rail-type three-dimensional cutting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A speed regulator (6) is provided at the upper end of the cutting main machine (5), a direction switch (18) connected to the phase circuit of the cutting main machine (5) is provided on the side of the speed regulator (6), and a clutch release lever (7) is provided on the side of the cutting main machine (5).

3. The light rail-type three-dimensional cutting device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the lower end of the cutting main machine (5) are both provided with sliding rollers (16) which are slidably plugged into and locked with the guide rail (3); and the side of the clutch release lever (7) is provided with a carrying handle (8).

4. The light rail-type three-dimensional cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulation plate (14) is provided between the lower part of the cutting main machine (5) and the cutting torch (12), and is fixedly connected to the cutting main machine (5) by screws.

5. The light rail-type three-dimensional cutting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rear end of the cutting main machine (5) is provided with a left-right displacement knob (15) which is tooth-engaged with the transverse rack (17).

6. The light rail-type three-dimensional cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece (1) to be processed is a part of various shapes, a steel section, a box steel structure, a solid plate boiler or a curved steel plate for shipbuilding.

7. A method for processing a light rail-type three-dimensional cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that The steps are as follows: Step 1: Draw the center line on the outer contour of the workpiece (1) to be processed and make a sample punch mark; Step 2: Draw a measuring line perpendicular to the center line at 200mm to 300mm from the end face, and then draw the end cutting line parallel to the measuring line; Step 3: Take the end point of the end cutting line as the starting point in the thickness direction of the plate and make the corresponding groove angle line; Step 4: Place the guide rail (3) on the cutting position of the workpiece (1) to be processed, obtain electromagnetic suction through the electromagnet block (13), and align the cutting torch (12) with the cutting starting point; Step 5: Bring the flame close to the cutting torch (12) to ignite it and ensure that it is fully preheated before starting cutting.

8. The processing method of the light rail-type three-dimensional cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cutting torch (12) is controlled by the cutting host (5) and moves along the longitudinal rack (4), the vertical rack (9) and the transverse rack (17) to achieve three-dimensional cutting of the cutting torch (12).

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