Sewage treatment system
By using fluidized bed combined with cyclone separation technology to regenerate activated carbon, the problem of activated carbon being easily saturated is solved, realizing online deep regeneration and efficient treatment of activated carbon, and reducing equipment and operating costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420573433.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-22
AI Technical Summary
Existing activated carbon is easily saturated in wastewater treatment, and traditional regeneration processes are complex, costly, and require specialized equipment.
Saturated activated carbon is regenerated using a fluidized bed combined with cyclone separation technology. The deep regeneration of activated carbon is achieved by utilizing high-speed water flow and cyclone shear force, without the need for additional equipment.
This technology enables online deep regeneration of activated carbon, simplifying the regeneration process, reducing costs, and improving processing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN222312780U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a sewage treatment system. Background Art
[0002] Fluidized bed is a common separation equipment in the field of sewage treatment, which uses activated carbon as filler to achieve deep treatment of sewage. Activated carbon has a developed pore structure, large specific surface area, high adsorption efficiency, and good chemical stability. Especially when heavy metals are treated, it has the characteristics of good adsorption selectivity and strong stability for metal ions. The raw materials used for activated carbon are fruit shells, coal, wood and other materials, which have low costs. There are no high technical requirements for adsorption, and good adsorption effects can be achieved at room temperature. The operation is simple and flexible. However, activated carbon also has the phenomenon of easy saturation during use. Traditional activated carbon desorption and recycling processes include thermal regeneration, chemical solution regeneration, electrochemical regeneration, etc. The processing cost is high, and professional equipment is required for desorption and regeneration, and the process is complicated. Utility Model Content
[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies, the utility model provides a sewage treatment system, which adopts a fluidized bed + cyclone separation to achieve regeneration of saturated activated carbon, and can achieve deep regeneration of activated carbon online without the need for additional special regeneration equipment.
[0004] Specifically, a sewage treatment system includes a fluidized bed, wherein the fluidized bed includes a straight cylindrical body filled with activated carbon filler, a sewage inlet pipe is installed at the upper end of the straight cylindrical body, a clean water outlet pipe is installed at the lower end of the straight cylindrical body, and a flow guide installed in the straight cylindrical body is provided at the water inlet end of the sewage inlet pipe and the water inlet end of the clean water outlet pipe;
[0005] A cyclone is installed in the straight cylinder body, and a conical guide plate with a larger bottom and a smaller top is arranged below the inlet end of the cyclone; a filter element is arranged on the sewage discharge pipe of the cyclone;
[0006] The deflector comprises a deflector plate, the deflector plate is provided with a plurality of deflector holes, and deflector caps are installed on the deflector holes.
[0007] The exact center of all water cap openings of the guide plate and the center of the tail are located on the circumference of the water inlet hole.
[0008] Furthermore, the top of the guide cap has a 45° angle louver-shaped guide structure, and the side of the guide cap is a wire mesh structure.
[0009] The above technical features use the technology of fluidized bed + cyclone separation to regenerate saturated activated carbon, and can realize deep regeneration of activated carbon online without the need for additional special regeneration equipment. When the activated carbon is saturated, clean water is injected from the lower part of the fluidized bed separation device, and the injected clean water is distributed and diverted through the densely arranged horizontal fluid guide plates at the lower part of the device. Concentrically arranged guide water caps are provided on the guide plates, so that the water flow has both driving force and anti-mixing force, and can well prevent dead zones and compaction. Under the traction of high-speed water flow, the activated carbon particles present a boiling solid-liquid state in the device under the action of drag force and move violently, flip and collide, which strengthens the mass transfer process, and is affected by the fluid shearing effect caused by the difference between the high-speed upflow fluid and its own sedimentation velocity, so that the pollutants are separated from the activated carbon. Driven by the water flow, the activated carbon particles are brought to the cyclone separator at the top of the fluidized bed. The activated carbon particles are subjected to the shear force of the cyclone field inside the cyclone, which produces self-revolution coupling and pulsation-enhanced oscillation, so that the pollutants in the pores of the activated carbon particles are periodically stretched and squeezed, so that the pollutants in the pores of the activated carbon always migrate to the surface of the particles, and the desorption process of the adsorbed pollutants is strengthened. Finally, the pollutants will be discharged from the top of the cyclone with the water, while the activated carbon particles with larger mass will be discharged from the bottom of the cyclone and evenly distributed in the packing layer through the guide plate.
[0010] In order to improve the reaction efficiency, further, several boiling beds operated in series constitute an adsorption unit.
[0011] In order to pre-treat the water entering the fluidized bed, the sewage treatment system further includes a reaction unit connected to the adsorption unit, the reaction unit includes two sets of hot standby reactors, and each set of reactors is equipped with an automatic sewage valve below;
[0012] Each set of the reactors is equipped with a clear liquid pump for conveying the preliminarily treated sewage to the fluidized bed, and the two clear liquid pumps are redundant to each other.
[0013] In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of adding drugs to the reactor, the sewage treatment system further includes a dosing unit connected to the reaction unit, and the dosing unit includes several dosing tanks with agitators, and each dosing tank is connected to the two reactors through a pipeline equipped with a dosing pump.
[0014] In order to facilitate the backwashing of the fluidized bed, the sewage treatment system further includes a backwash tank that provides a backwash water source for the fluidized bed.
[0015] In order to realize automatic control of the whole system, the sewage treatment system further includes a control system which is connected to the adsorption unit, the reaction unit, the dosing unit and the backwash tank by electrical signals.
[0016] The utility model has the following advantages:
[0017] The utility model has an ingenious structure and regenerates saturated activated carbon through the technology of fluidized bed + cyclone separation, and can realize deep regeneration of activated carbon online without the need for additional special regeneration equipment.
[0018] The dosing unit is reasonably designed so that the reagent can be injected into the reactor according to the required ratio through the dosing metering pump. The reactor is equipped with a variable frequency stirring device, which can automatically adjust the speed according to the dissolution requirements of different reagents. The two sets of reactors are hot standby for each other. During operation, one set of reactors is stirred and reacted while the other set of reactors injects the preliminarily treated sewage into the fluidized bed separation equipment, saving operation time and increasing operation efficiency. An automatic sewage valve is installed under the reactor, which can be discharged regularly as needed. Each reactor is equipped with a clear liquid pump, which is responsible for transporting the preliminarily treated sewage to the fluidized bed separation equipment. The two sets of clear liquid pumps are redundant and can be replaced with each other as needed, reducing the possibility of system unavailability due to equipment damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the sewage treatment system described in the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of the dosing unit of the utility model (in the figure, VI is the dosing system, V2 is the reactor and the cleaning pump, V3 is the precipitate, V4 is the adsorption tower, V5 is the backwash system, and XX is the number);
[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural block diagram of the reaction unit of the utility model (in the figure, VI is the dosing system, V2 is the reactor and the cleaning pump, V3 is the precipitate, V4 is the adsorption tower, V5 is the backwash system, and XX is the number);
[0022] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the fluidized bed of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view in the front direction of the fluidized bed of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the deflector of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 7 is a layout diagram of a plurality of said diversion water caps;
[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water flow cap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
[0028] In this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises", or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0029] As described in the background technology, the fluidized bed is a common separation equipment in the field of sewage treatment, which uses activated carbon as a filler to achieve deep treatment of sewage. Activated carbon has a developed pore structure, a large specific surface area, high adsorption efficiency, and good chemical stability. In particular, when heavy metals are treated, it has the characteristics of good adsorption selectivity and strong stability for metal ions. And the raw materials used for activated carbon are substances such as fruit shells, coal and wood, which have low costs. And when adsorbing, there are no too high technical requirements, and good adsorption effects can be achieved at room temperature, and the operation is simple and flexible. However, activated carbon also has the phenomenon of being easily saturated during use. Traditional activated carbon desorption and recycling processes include thermal regeneration, chemical solution regeneration, electrochemical regeneration, etc., with high processing costs, and professional equipment is required for desorption and regeneration, and the process is complicated.
[0030] Based on the above reasons, Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention provides a sewage treatment system, which includes an adsorption unit 400, a reaction unit 300, a dosing unit 200, a backwash tank 500 and a control system 100, wherein the dosing unit accurately provides reagents to the reaction unit, and the sewage enters the adsorption unit after being pretreated by the reaction unit, and the sludge is further treated by the adsorption unit, wherein the backwash tank backwashes the boiling bed in the adsorption unit, and the whole process is automatically controlled by the control system.
[0031] For example, the control system uses the Zhejiang University Central Control DCS system, which has the functions of one-button start and stop of sewage treatment system, automatic sewage discharge, automatic flushing, automatic dosing and other automated processes. During operation, the frequency converter automatically adjusts the pump speed and water supply through instrument parameters such as flow. Through the touch screen HMI interface, the full set of system parameters can be monitored, and the equipment can be switched to single-machine manual control and manual setting of frequency conversion equipment and related process parameters. The inlet and outlet water flow meters must have the function of clearing the panel cumulative amount so that users can compare the output.
[0032] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the dosing system consists of five sets of dosing tanks, all of which are equipped with stirring equipment to fully maintain the activity of the reagents. Through the operator's setting of the reagent parameters of the DCS system, the reagents can be injected into the reactor of the reaction unit according to the required ratio through the dosing metering pump. The reactor is equipped with a variable frequency stirring device, which can automatically adjust the speed according to the dissolution requirements of different reagents.
[0033] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the reaction unit includes two sets of reactors that are hot standby for each other. During operation, one set of reactors is stirred for reaction while the other set of reactors is used to inject the preliminarily treated sewage into the fluidized bed separation device, thereby saving operation time and increasing operation efficiency. An automatic sewage valve is provided under the reactor, which can discharge sewage at regular intervals as needed. Each set of reactors is equipped with a clear liquid pump, which is responsible for transporting the preliminarily treated sewage to the fluidized bed separation device. The two sets of clear liquid pumps are redundant and can be replaced with each other as needed, reducing the possibility of the system being unusable due to equipment damage.
[0034] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the sewage treatment system is equipped with a backwash tank to provide backwash water for the fluidized bed in the adsorption unit, and the activated carbon is cleaned by backwashing; the backwash tank water source comes from the factory water network and the treated finished water, and has an automatic water replenishment function to minimize the cost of water use in the factory. Figure 4 As shown, the adsorption unit includes four sets of fluidized beds, ABCD, which are used as standby for each other. The fluidized bed separation equipment is operated in series to ensure that the sewage is fully and deeply treated. The operator can clean a single or multiple fluidized bed separation equipment according to the actual situation to achieve the purpose of cost saving.
[0035] For example, Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the fluidized bed is used to enhance the adsorption of activated carbon and efficiently regenerate saturated activated carbon. The fluidized bed includes a straight cylinder body filled with activated carbon filler, a sewage inlet pipe is installed at the upper end of the straight cylinder body, and a clean water outlet pipe is installed at the lower end of the straight cylinder body. The water inlet end of the sewage inlet pipe and the water inlet end of the clean water outlet pipe are both provided with a deflector installed in the straight cylinder body;
[0036] A cyclone is installed in the straight cylinder body, and a filter element is provided on the sewage pipe of the cyclone. A conical guide plate with a larger bottom and a smaller top is provided below the inlet end of the cyclone. The guide plate includes a guide plate, which is provided with a plurality of guide holes, and a guide cap is installed on the guide hole. The center of all water cap openings of the guide plate and the center of the tail are on the circumference where the water inlet hole is located. The top of the guide cap has a 45° angle louver-type guide structure, and the side of the guide cap is a wire mesh structure.
[0037] When the fluidized bed is in use, sewage is sent into the fluidized bed through the sewage inlet pipe 1, and the sewage is evenly dispersed in the activated carbon filler 3 through the deflector 7 to avoid uneven distribution of sewage resulting in a decrease in adsorption effect. The clean water after adsorption treatment is discharged through the clean water pipe 2.
[0038] During separation, clean water enters the straight cylinder body through the backwash pump from the clean water pipe 2, and is injected into the activated carbon filler layer from the bottom of the fluidized bed through the guide plate 71 and the guide water cap 72. The guide water cap 72 evenly distributed on the guide plate can ensure that the activated carbon in the fluidized bed disturbance effect is increased to enhance the cleaning ability, while also reducing the existence of dead zones. The activated carbon filler presents a periodic expansion and collapse migration movement cycle in the fluidized bed. The activated carbon particles are in a suspended state and constantly flip and collide during this process, which promotes the separation of pollutants from the activated carbon. The activated carbon continues to rise under the drive of the water flow, and the conical guide plate 4 can prevent the activated carbon from being washed into the outlet of the cyclone. The activated carbon enters the cyclone 5 driven by the clean water and moves in the cyclone field of the device. The continuous rotation and migration behavior of the activated carbon effectively promotes the separation of pollutants in the pores, and the strong centrifugal force field generated by the high-speed rotation of the biomass particles in a fluid state is used to continuously maintain the two-phase separation, and the Reynolds shear stress causes the pollutants to break and enhance the separation effect. The activated carbon with large mass and after regeneration is discharged from the bottom of the cyclone and evenly distributed to the filling area of the device through the conical guide plate. The sewage and pollutants are discharged from the discharge pipe 8, and the filter element 6 effectively prevents the fine activated carbon particles from being washed out of the device. The external discharge pipe 9 set in the straight cylinder body is used as an emergency sewage inspection port.
[0039] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the top of the guide water cap 72 has a 45° louver-shaped guide structure 10, and the center of all the openings of the guide water caps 72 on the guide plate 71 and the center of the tail are on the circumference of the water inlet hole, so that during fluidization, a gas vortex is formed on the guide plate, avoiding the disordered flow of gas and improving the boiling quality. When in use, the water flow enters the guide water cap vertically, then deviates, the speed increases, the static pressure decreases, and it rushes tangentially to the packing layer. The lateral movement caused by the vortex motion at the bottom of the fluidized bed enhances the mixing degree of the bed material particles. The side of the guide water cap is a wire mesh structure 11, which plays a role in reducing the dead zone of the fluidized bed and fully disturbing the activated carbon packing layer.
[0040] The above-mentioned fluidized bed combines the technology of cyclone separation to regenerate saturated activated carbon, and can realize deep regeneration of activated carbon online without the need for additional special regeneration equipment. When the activated carbon is saturated, clean water is injected from the lower part of the fluidized bed separation device through the backwash pump, and the injected clean water is distributed and diverted through the densely arranged horizontal fluid guide plates at the lower part of the device. Concentrically arranged guide water caps are provided on the guide plates, so that the water flow has a counter-mixing force while generating a driving force, and can well prevent dead zones and compaction. Under the traction of high-speed water flow, the activated carbon particles present a boiling solid-liquid state in the device under the action of drag force and move violently, flip and collide, which strengthens the mass transfer process, and is affected by the fluid shearing effect generated by the difference between the high-speed upflow fluid and its own sedimentation velocity, so that pollutants are separated from the activated carbon. Driven by the water flow, the activated carbon particles are brought to the cyclone separator at the top of the fluidized bed. The activated carbon particles are subjected to the shear force of the cyclone field inside the cyclone, which produces self-revolution coupling and pulsation-enhanced oscillation, so that the pollutants in the pores of the activated carbon particles are periodically stretched and squeezed, so that the pollutants in the pores of the activated carbon always migrate to the surface of the particles, and the desorption process of the adsorbed pollutants is strengthened. Finally, the pollutants will be discharged from the top of the cyclone with the water, while the activated carbon particles with larger mass will be discharged from the bottom of the cyclone and evenly distributed in the packing layer through the guide plate.
[0041] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A sewage treatment system, characterized in that: The fluidized bed comprises a straight cylindrical body filled with activated carbon filler, a sewage inlet pipe is installed at the upper end of the straight cylindrical body, a clean water outlet pipe is installed at the lower end of the straight cylindrical body, and a flow guide installed in the straight cylindrical body is provided at the water inlet end of the sewage inlet pipe and the water inlet end of the clean water outlet pipe; A cyclone is installed in the straight cylinder body, and a conical guide plate with a larger bottom and a smaller top is arranged below the inlet end of the cyclone.
2. A sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deflector comprises a deflector plate, which is provided with a plurality of deflector holes, on which deflector caps are mounted, and the plurality of deflector caps are arranged in a concentric circle.
3. A sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exact center of all water cap openings of the guide plate and the center of the tail are located on the circumference of the water inlet hole.
4. A sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the guide cap has a 45° angle louver-shaped guide structure, and the side of the guide cap is a wire mesh structure.
5. A sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage discharge pipe of the cyclone is provided with a filter element.
6. A sewage treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Several of the ebullating beds operated in series constitute an adsorption unit.
7. A sewage treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a reaction unit connected to the adsorption unit, the reaction unit includes two sets of hot standby reactors, and each set of reactors is equipped with an automatic sewage valve below; Each set of the reactors is equipped with a clear liquid pump for conveying the preliminarily treated sewage to the fluidized bed, and the two clear liquid pumps are redundant to each other.
8. A sewage treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a dosing unit connected to the reaction unit. The dosing unit includes several dosing tanks with stirrers. Each dosing tank is connected to two sets of reaction kettles through a pipeline equipped with a dosing pump.
9. A sewage treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also included is a backwash tank that provides backwash water source for the fluidized bed.
10. A sewage treatment system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a control system which is connected to the adsorption unit, the reaction unit, the dosing unit and the backwash tank by electrical signals.