Aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system

Abstract

The utility model provides an aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system. The system comprises a waste cleaning device, a vibrating screen, a ball mill, a rolling screen, a first elevator, an aluminum particle bin and an electrolyte bin. The waste cleaning device is used for cleaning the aluminum electrolysis equipment to obtain aluminum electrolysis waste; the vibrating screen is used for screening the aluminum electrolysis waste to obtain target waste blocks; the ball mill is used for receiving and treating target waste blocks to obtain a mixture of aluminum particles and electrolyte powder; the size of the aluminum particles is larger than that of the electrolyte powder; the first elevator is used for receiving and lifting the mixture to a preset height; the roller screen is used for receiving and separating the mixture lifted to the preset height by the first elevator and distributing the separated aluminum particles and electrolyte powder to the aluminum particle bin and the electrolyte bin respectively. According to the aluminum electrolysis waste recycling device, the aluminum electrolysis waste can be treated into the aluminum particles and the electrolyte powder to be stored respectively, so that recycling of the aluminum electrolysis waste is achieved, and the environmental risk caused by accumulation and burying of the aluminum electrolysis waste is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis equipment, and in particular to an aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system. Background Art

[0002] Electrolytic aluminum is a production process for producing metallic aluminum by electrolytic reduction in a cryolite-alumina molten salt system. Simply put, molten cryolite is added as a solvent and alumina as a solute in an electrolytic cell, a carbon body is used as an anode, and aluminum liquid is used as a cathode. After a strong direct current is passed through, an electrochemical reaction can occur at the two electrodes in the electrolytic cell at high temperature to produce aluminum.

[0003] After a long period of operation, the electrolytic slag and waste cathode bottom blocks in the electrolytic cell need to be cleaned. After cleaning, a mixture containing multiple components such as carbon blocks, sodium fluoride, and cryolite will be obtained, which is generally called electrolytic cell cleaning material.

[0004] In the production process of electrolytic aluminum, when the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell reaches a certain amount, it is necessary to suck the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell into the vacuum ladle through the aluminum suction tube under the action of negative pressure, and then transport the vacuum ladle filled with aluminum liquid to the casting workshop for casting. After the vacuum ladle is used many times, the electrolyte and metal aluminum are deposited on its lining and bottom, which reduces the capacity of the vacuum ladle and increases its deadweight. Therefore, it is also necessary to clean the ladle regularly. These cleaned materials are generally called ladle cleaning materials.

[0005] As the aluminum electrolysis waste generated in the process of aluminum electrolysis production, the main treatment method for the electrolytic cell cleaning material and ladle cleaning material is currently to pile up and bury the aluminum electrolysis waste. This treatment method is easy to pollute the environment and pose environmental risks. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present application provides an aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system, which can process aluminum electrolysis waste into aluminum particles and electrolyte powder and store them separately, thereby realizing the recycling and reuse of aluminum electrolysis waste, and effectively avoiding the environmental risks of simple treatment such as stacking and burying of aluminum electrolysis waste.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides an aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system, comprising:

[0008] A waste cleaning device, used for cleaning aluminum electrolysis equipment to obtain aluminum electrolysis waste;

[0009] A vibrating screen, used for receiving the aluminum electrolysis waste and screening the aluminum electrolysis waste to obtain target waste blocks;

[0010] A ball mill is used to receive and process the target waste block to obtain a mixture of aluminum particles and electrolyte powder; wherein the size of the aluminum particles is larger than the size of the electrolyte powder;

[0011] A first elevator, used to receive and lift the mixture to a preset height;

[0012] A rolling screen, an aluminum pellet silo and an electrolyte silo, wherein the rolling screen is arranged on the top of the aluminum pellet silo and the electrolyte silo, and is used to receive and separate the mixture lifted to a preset height by the first elevator, and distribute the separated aluminum pellets and the electrolyte powder to the aluminum pellet silo and the electrolyte silo, respectively.

[0013] The solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is that after the aluminum electrolysis waste is cleaned from the aluminum electrolysis equipment, the aluminum electrolysis waste is first screened through a vibrating screen to obtain a target waste block, and then the target waste block is processed by a ball mill to obtain a mixture of aluminum particles and electrolyte powder; the mixture is lifted to a rolling screen at a preset height by a first hoist, and finally the mixture can be separated by the rolling screen and distributed to the aluminum particle bin and the electrolyte bin respectively. The system can clean, screen, ball mill and separate aluminum electrolysis waste to achieve direct recycling of aluminum electrolysis waste. It can be seen that the environmental risks of simple treatments such as stacking and burying of aluminum electrolysis waste can be effectively avoided through this solution.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the aluminum electrolysis waste processing system further includes:

[0015] The first conveying mechanism is arranged between the vibrating screen and the ball mill and located above the pit, and is used for conveying the target waste block to the ball mill.

[0016] In combination with the above implementations, in some possible implementations, the aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system further includes:

[0017] A second elevator and a buffer bin are arranged between the first conveying mechanism and the ball mill. The second elevator is used to receive the target waste blocks conveyed by the first conveying mechanism and lift the target waste blocks to the buffer bin. The ball mill is used to receive and process the target waste blocks provided by the buffer bin.

[0018] In combination with the above implementations, in some possible implementations, the vibrating screen receives the aluminum electrolysis waste and performs screening treatment on the aluminum electrolysis waste, and non-target waste blocks can also be obtained;

[0019] The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system also includes:

[0020] A shredder, used for receiving and crushing the non-target waste blocks to obtain the target waste blocks;

[0021] The ball mill is used to receive and process the target waste blocks obtained by the vibration screen and the target waste blocks obtained by the shredder to obtain the aluminum particles and the electrolyte powder.

[0022] In combination with the above implementations, in some possible implementations, the aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system further includes:

[0023] The second conveying mechanism is arranged between the shredder and the first conveying mechanism, and is used for receiving and conveying the non-target waste blocks to the shredder, and conveying the target waste blocks obtained by the shredder to the ball mill.

[0024] In combination with the above implementations, in some possible implementations, the aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system further includes:

[0025] A feeding device is arranged beside the shredder and is used for feeding the non-target waste blocks into the shredder.

[0026] In combination with the above implementations, in some possible implementations, the waste cleaning device includes:

[0027] An electrolytic cell cleaning machine, used for cleaning the electrolytic cell to obtain an electrolytic cell cleaning material; and / or

[0028] The utility model relates to a ladle cleaning machine, which is used for cleaning ladle to obtain ladle cleaning material.

[0029] In combination with the above implementations, in some possible implementations, the size of the target waste block is less than 200 mm;

[0030] The size of the electrolyte powder is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0031] In combination with the above implementations, in some possible implementations, the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism use high temperature resistant belt conveyors; and / or

[0032] The ball mill is a horizontal ball mill.

[0033] In combination with the above implementations, in some possible implementations, the belt conveyor includes a driving roller, a driven roller, and a conveyor belt mounted on the driving roller and the driven roller; the conveyor belt includes a conveyor belt body and a high-temperature resistant coating coated on the surface of the conveyor belt body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0036] 01—ground; 02—pit;

[0037] 1—bag lifting and cleaning machine; 11—first conveying mechanism;

[0038] 2—vibrating screen; 21—second elevator; 22—buffer silo;

[0039] 3—Shredder;

[0040] 4—ball mill; 41—first elevator;

[0041] 5—Rolling screen;

[0042] 6—Aluminum pellet silo;

[0043] 7—Electrolyte silo. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] Aluminum electrolysis waste mainly includes electrolytic cell cleaning materials and ladle cleaning materials. At present, aluminum electrolysis waste is usually treated by stacking and burying. This treatment method is easy to pollute the environment and poses environmental risks.

[0046] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides an aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system. The following first introduces in detail an aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present application with reference to the drawings of the specification.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1The present application proposes an aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system, which includes a waste cleaning device, a vibrating screen 2, a ball mill 4, a first elevator 41, a rolling screen 5, an aluminum pellet silo 6 and an electrolyte silo 7. The waste cleaning device is used to clean the aluminum electrolysis equipment to obtain aluminum electrolysis waste; the vibrating screen 2 is used to receive the aluminum electrolysis waste and screen the aluminum electrolysis waste to obtain the target waste block; the ball mill 4 is used to receive and process the target waste block to obtain aluminum particles and electrolyte powder; wherein the size of the aluminum particles is larger than the size of the electrolyte powder; the first elevator 41 is used to receive and lift the aluminum particles and electrolyte powder to a preset height; the rolling screen 5 is arranged on the top of the aluminum particle silo 6 and the electrolyte silo 7, and is used to receive and separate the aluminum particles and electrolyte powder at a preset height, and distribute the separated aluminum particles and electrolyte powder to the aluminum particle silo 6 and the electrolyte silo 7 respectively.

[0048] The solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is that after the aluminum electrolysis waste is cleaned from the aluminum electrolysis equipment, the aluminum electrolysis waste is first screened through a vibrating screen 2 to obtain a target waste block, and then the target waste block is processed by a ball mill 4 to obtain a mixture of aluminum particles and electrolyte powder; the mixture is lifted to a rolling screen 5 at a preset height by a first hoist 41, and finally the mixture can be separated by the rolling screen 5 and distributed to the aluminum particle bin 6 and the electrolyte bin 7 respectively. The system can clean, screen, ball mill and separate aluminum electrolysis waste to achieve direct recycling of aluminum electrolysis waste. It can be seen that the environmental risks of simple treatment such as stacking and burying of aluminum electrolysis waste can be effectively avoided through this solution.

[0049] The following combination Figure 1 The specific structure of the aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system is introduced in detail.

[0050] The waste cleaning device is used to clean aluminum electrolysis equipment to obtain aluminum electrolysis waste. Among them, the aluminum electrolysis equipment is the mechanical equipment used in the electrolytic aluminum production process, mainly including electrolytic cells, ladle, etc. When the aluminum electrolysis equipment is an electrolytic cell, the waste cleaning device is an electrolytic cell cleaning machine, and the electrolytic cell cleaning machine cleans the electrolytic cell to obtain electrolytic cell cleaning materials. Figure 1 When the aluminum electrolysis equipment is a ladle cleaning machine 1, the ladle cleaning machine 1 cleans the ladle to obtain ladle cleaning material.

[0051] The vibrating screen 2 is used to receive and accurately screen aluminum electrolysis waste to obtain target waste blocks. The size of the target waste blocks can be less than 200 mm, for example, 200 mm, 180 mm, 160 mm, etc. The screen of the vibrating screen 2 is usually made of wear-resistant materials such as stainless steel and wollastonite, which can reduce screen wear and clogging and increase service life.

[0052] The ball mill 4 is used to receive and process the target waste block to obtain a mixture of aluminum particles and electrolyte powder. The size of the aluminum particles is larger than the size of the electrolyte powder. The ball mill 4 can be a horizontal ball mill. In the horizontal ball mill, a plurality of ball mills are built in. The target waste block is placed in the raw material hopper of the ball mill 4, and the temperature, speed and other parameters of the ball mill 4 are set to perform ball milling, and the appropriate powder output is controlled to obtain aluminum particles and electrolyte powder. It should be noted that the target waste block processed by the ball mill 4 can form a mixture of flat aluminum particles and powdered electrolyte powder, and the size of the electrolyte powder is less than or equal to 1 mm, for example, it can be 1 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.6 mm, etc.

[0053] The first elevator 41 is usually a bucket elevator suitable for continuous vertical lifting of powdered, granular and small block materials. The first elevator 41 is used to receive and lift aluminum granules and electrolyte powder to a preset height; wherein the preset height can be determined according to the height of the rolling screen 5 at the top of the aluminum granule bin 6 and the electrolyte bin 7. The mixture of aluminum granules and electrolyte powder lifted to the preset height can be screened by the rolling screen 5, and the separated aluminum granules and electrolyte powder can be distributed to the aluminum granule bin 6 and the electrolyte bin 7 respectively through the two discharge ports of the rolling screen 5. The aluminum granules stored in the aluminum granule bin 6 can be transported to the electric smelting furnace for smelting and casting ingots, and the electrolyte powder stored in the electrolyte bin 7 can be transported to the electrolytic cell for reuse as an electrolytic covering material, thereby realizing the recycling and reuse of aluminum electrolytic waste.

[0054] See also Figure 1 In some embodiments of the present application, the aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system may further include a first conveying mechanism 11, which is disposed between the vibrating screen 2 and the ball mill 4 and above the pit 02, and is used to convey the target waste block to the ball mill 4, thereby realizing automatic conveyance of the target waste block and effectively reducing labor intensity. Figure 1 , the pit 02 is lower than the pit on the ground 01. The first conveying mechanism 11 can adopt a high temperature resistant belt conveyor. The belt conveyor may include a driving roller, a driven roller and a conveyor belt mounted on the driving roller and the driven roller; the conveyor belt includes a conveyor belt body and a high temperature resistant coating coated on the surface of the conveyor belt body. Among them, the conveyor belt body can be made of butyl rubber. The high temperature resistant coating refers to a coating that is not easy to fall off and peel off under high temperature and strong impact, and can still maintain appropriate physical and mechanical properties, as well as improve the heat exchange efficiency of the coating film. The high temperature resistant coating can be a ceramic coating, a phosphate lead powder coating, etc.

[0055] Please continue to see Figure 1In some embodiments of the present application, the aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system may further include a second elevator 21 and a buffer bin 22, the second elevator 21 and the buffer bin 22 are arranged between the first conveying mechanism 11 and the ball mill 4, the second elevator 21 is used to receive the target waste block conveyed by the first conveying mechanism 11, and lift the target waste block to the buffer bin 22; the ball mill 4 is used to receive and process the target waste block provided by the buffer bin 22. It can be understood that when the aluminum particles and electrolyte powder in the aluminum particle bin 6 and the electrolyte bin 7 are not transported in time, or when the ball mill 4 fails, the target waste block screened by the vibrating screen 2 can be stored in the buffer bin 22 to ensure the normal operation of the first half of the system and avoid affecting the cleaning of the aluminum electrolysis equipment by the waste cleaning device.

[0056] It is understandable that when the vibrating screen 2 receives and screens the aluminum electrolysis waste, non-target waste blocks can also be obtained. Among them, non-target waste blocks refer to waste blocks with a size greater than 200 mm, such as waste blocks with a size of 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm, etc. In order to achieve the recycling of the non-target waste blocks, in some embodiments of the present application, the aluminum electrolysis waste processing system may also include a shredder 3, which can receive and crush non-target waste blocks to obtain target waste blocks. In this case, the ball mill 4 can simultaneously receive and process the target waste blocks obtained by the vibrating screen 2 and the target waste blocks obtained by the shredder 3.

[0057] Among them, the shredder 3 can adopt a jaw crusher, that is, a jaw crusher, which includes a fixed jaw plate and a movable jaw plate. The material is crushed by controlling the reciprocating motion of the movable jaw plate. Due to the simple structure, it has the advantages of easy operation and maintenance. It can be understood that a second conveying mechanism can be arranged between the shredder 3 and the first conveying mechanism 11, and the second conveying mechanism is used to receive and convey non-target waste blocks to the shredder 3, and convey the target waste blocks obtained by the shredder 3 to the ball mill 4. Among them, the second conveying mechanism is similar to the first conveying mechanism 11, and a high-temperature resistant belt conveyor can be adopted, which will not be repeated here. A feeding device can also be arranged on the side of the shredder 3, and the feeding device can be hydraulically driven or pneumatically driven to feed non-target waste blocks into the shredder 3.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system, characterized in that: include: A waste cleaning device, used for cleaning aluminum electrolysis equipment to obtain aluminum electrolysis waste; A vibrating screen (2) is used to receive the aluminum electrolysis waste and perform screening on the aluminum electrolysis waste to obtain target waste blocks; A ball mill (4) is used to receive and process the target waste block to obtain a mixture of aluminum particles and electrolyte powder; wherein the size of the aluminum particles is larger than the size of the electrolyte powder; A first elevator (41), used for receiving and lifting the mixture to a preset height; A rolling screen (5), an aluminum pellet silo (6) and an electrolyte silo (7), wherein the rolling screen (5) is arranged on the top of the aluminum pellet silo (6) and the electrolyte silo (7), and is used to receive and separate the mixture lifted to a preset height by the first lifting machine (41), and distribute the separated aluminum pellets and the electrolyte powder to the aluminum pellet silo (6) and the electrolyte silo (7), respectively.

2. The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system also includes: The first conveying mechanism (11) is arranged between the vibrating screen (2) and the ball mill (4) and is located above the pit (02), and is used to convey the target waste block to the ball mill (4).

3. The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system also includes: The second elevator (21) and the buffer bin (22) are arranged between the first conveying mechanism (11) and the ball mill (4); the second elevator (21) is used to receive the target waste blocks conveyed by the first conveying mechanism (11) and lift the target waste blocks to the buffer bin (22); the ball mill (4) is used to receive and process the target waste blocks provided by the buffer bin (22).

4. The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibrating screen (2) receives the aluminum electrolysis waste and performs screening on the aluminum electrolysis waste, and can also obtain non-target waste blocks; The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system also includes: A shredder (3) is used to receive and crush the non-target waste blocks to obtain the target waste blocks; The ball mill (4) is used to receive and process the target waste blocks obtained by the vibration screen (2) and the target waste blocks obtained by the shredder (3) to obtain a mixture of the aluminum particles and the electrolyte powder.

5. The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system also includes: The second conveying mechanism is arranged between the shredder (3) and the first conveying mechanism (11), and is used for receiving and conveying the non-target waste blocks to the shredder (3), and conveying the target waste blocks obtained by the shredder (3) to the ball mill (4).

6. The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system also includes: A feeding device is arranged beside the shredder (3) and is used to feed the non-target waste blocks into the shredder (3).

7. The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste cleaning device comprises: An electrolytic cell cleaning machine, used for cleaning the electrolytic cell to obtain an electrolytic cell cleaning material; and / or A ladle cleaning machine (1) is used for cleaning ladle to obtain ladle cleaning material.

8. The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the target waste block is less than 200 mm; The size of the electrolyte powder is less than or equal to 1 mm.

9. The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first conveying mechanism (11) and the second conveying mechanism adopt high temperature resistant belt conveyors; and / or The ball mill (4) is a horizontal ball mill.

10. The aluminum electrolysis waste treatment system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The belt conveyor comprises a driving roller, a driven roller and a conveyor belt mounted on the driving roller and the driven roller; the conveyor belt comprises a conveyor belt body and a high temperature resistant coating coated on the surface of the conveyor belt body.

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