Quantitative experimental device for motion synthesis and decomposition

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motion composition and decomposition quantitative experiment device, which comprises a first guide rail, a second guide rail, a ticker-timer, a driving motor and a touch screen, the driving motor comprises a first motor for controlling the second guide rail to move on the first guide rail, and the touch screen comprises a second motor for controlling the second guide rail to move on the second guide rail. The touch screen is used for controlling the ticker-tape timer to move on the first guide rail, the second motor is used for controlling the ticker-tape timer to move on the second guide rail, and the touch screen is arranged behind the ticker-tape timer and covers the moving stroke range of the ticker-tape timer along with the first guide rail and the second guide rail. According to the device, students can intuitively understand and grasp the composition and decomposition rules of motion, the device is convenient to use, and physical quantities which can be explored and problems which are researched are more comprehensive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a physical experiment device, and in particular to a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experiment device. Background Art

[0002] The composition and decomposition law of motion is the basis for human beings to explore the laws of motion of objects. It is the key content of high school physics textbooks.

[0003] In the composition and decomposition of motion, deriving the law of the relationship between the combined motion and the partial motion is a difficulty in teaching modern physics, and how to reflect it intuitively is a difficulty in making teaching aids.

[0004] The quantitative experimental instruments for the synthesis and decomposition of motion currently used in China have the following main disadvantages:

[0005] (1) Lack of intuitiveness. The wax block movement demonstration experiment used in the textbook does not leave any dots or traces on the wax block, making it difficult for students to understand the synthesis and decomposition of motion. Some experimental instruments use a moving object carrying a brush, or place an ultraviolet lamp on the moving object and place a photosensitive plate on the background, or the moving object is a magnetic slider and the background uses a magnetic plate, etc. to leave actual dots of the moving object. It is also necessary to manually use a pen to trace the dots on the photosensitive plate to obtain the conclusion of the synthesis and decomposition of motion. This is time-consuming, laborious and not intuitive enough, and there will be certain experimental errors in the description and processing of the dots.

[0006] (2) The research questions are not comprehensive enough. First, the exploration of angles is not comprehensive enough: the wax motion demonstration experiment used in the textbooks can only be carried out at right angles, but it can derive general quantitative laws, while most of the existing experimental instruments can only be used for experiments at right angles; second, the exploration of motion types (such as acute angles, right angles, and obtuse angles) is not comprehensive enough: most of the existing experimental instruments can only be used for experiments in which both the combined motion and the partial motion are uniform linear motion, without exploring the speed change; there are also manual calculations of displacements involving angles and the application of the cosine theorem, which require a protractor and a mathematical table to look up the cosine value, which is troublesome and laborious; finally, the data analysis is not comprehensive enough: the existing experiments process data by analyzing the displacement and velocity of the combined motion and the partial motion, and synthesizing them using the parallelogram rule in a graphical way, but do not involve the analysis of acceleration and the fitting analysis of trajectories.

[0007] (3) It is not convenient to use. In some experiments that can leave motion traces, the traces on the drawing board often need to be erased before the next experiment can be carried out. For some devices that place ultraviolet lights on the moving objects and put photosensitive plates on the background, it is necessary to use a marker to draw roughly to obtain the traces. There are problems such as ink residue left by the marker, and the board surface is not wiped clean, which affects the next experiment. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the technical difficulties that the quantitative experimental device for composition and decomposition of motion in the prior art has in making it difficult for students to understand and master the laws of composition and decomposition of motion, as well as the lack of intuitiveness, inconvenience in use, and incompleteness in the physical quantities explored and the problems studied, the utility model proposes a new quantitative experimental device for composition and decomposition of motion to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0009] The utility model proposes a quantitative experimental device for the synthesis and decomposition of motion, comprising a first guide rail, a second guide rail, a dot timer, a driving motor and a touch screen, wherein the driving motor comprises a first motor for controlling the second guide rail to move on the first guide rail, and a second motor for controlling the dot timer to move on the second guide rail, and the touch screen is arranged at the rear of the dot timer and covers the movement range of the dot timer along with the first guide rail and the second guide rail.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, an angle adjustment mechanism is provided at one end of the second guide rail that cooperates with the first guide rail, and the angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the second guide rail to form a right angle, an acute angle or an obtuse angle with the first guide rail.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the angle adjustment mechanism includes an angle diverter, the end of the second guide rail is rotatably connected to the angle diverter, and the angle diverter is provided with a shaft hole for the shaft to pass through and an arc-shaped rotation groove for locking the angle.

[0012] In some specific embodiments, a support structure is provided on the second guide rail, the support structure includes a fixed plate and a spring support mechanism, the fixed plate is provided at the middle and lower parts of the second guide rail, and the spring support mechanism is provided between the two fixed plates at the middle and lower parts of the second guide rail.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, the spring support mechanism includes a coil spring and a gas spring support rod.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, the dotting timer includes a frequency regulator, an electromagnet and a dotting mechanism. One end of the dotting mechanism is fixed, a vibration plate that cooperates with the electromagnet is arranged in the middle, and a dotting needle is arranged at the other end. The frequency regulator controls the attraction or release of the electromagnet and the vibration plate.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, a control box is further included, which is arranged on one side of the touch screen and the guide rail. The control box is respectively connected to the first motor and the second motor to control the displacement speed and acceleration of the second guide rail and / or the dotting timer.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, grooves are formed on the sides of the first guide rail and the second guide rail, and guide rail sliders are slidably provided on the grooves.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, limit switches are further provided at both ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail, the limit switches are fixed on the grooves, and the distance between the limit switches at both ends covers the travel range of the guide rail slider.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, a slide rail is provided below the first guide rail.

[0019] This device uses a PLC control system to control the speed of the stepper motor. The motor is connected to the belt to drive the guide rail slider on the belt to move. The corresponding speed, acceleration and stroke are input into the control box to control the guide rail slider to make corresponding movements. The main components of the device are the control box, the first guide rail, the second guide rail, the dotting timer and the touch screen. The bottom of the second guide rail is fixed on the guide rail slider of the first guide rail, and the dotting timer is fixed on the guide rail slider of the second guide rail. The control box can control the first guide rail and the second guide rail to start moving separately or simultaneously. When the first guide rail moves alone, the guide slider of the first guide rail drives the second guide rail to move, thereby driving the dot timer to move and leave dots on the touch screen, which is the sub-motion dot trace in the direction of the first guide rail; when the second guide rail moves alone, the guide slider of the second guide rail drives the dot timer to move and leave dots on the touch screen, which is the sub-motion dot trace in the direction of the second guide rail; when they move together, the dot timer on the guide slider of the second guide rail not only participates in the movement of the second guide rail, but also participates in the movement of the first guide rail along with the movement of the first guide rail. At this time, the movement of the dot timer can be reflected as the combined movement of the sub-motion of the first guide rail and the sub-motion of the second guide rail, and the dots are the combined motion dot traces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The accompanying drawings illustrate the embodiments and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the utility model. It will be easy to recognize many expected advantages of other embodiments and embodiments because they become better understood by reference to the following detailed description. The elements of the accompanying drawings are not necessarily in proportion to each other. The same reference numerals refer to corresponding similar parts.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a front view of a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to another specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dotting timer according to a specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] The meaning of the numbers in the figure:

[0027] Control box 100, emergency stop switch 101, start switch 102, power switch 103, power indicator light 104, control panel 105, touch screen 200, first guide rail 201, second guide rail 202, first motor 203, second motor 204, gas spring support rod 205, coil spring 206, middle fixing plate 207, lower fixing plate 208, angle deflector 209, limit switch 210, guide rail slider 211, hand-cranked slide rail 212, dotting timer 300, dotting needle 310, vibrating plate 320, electromagnet 330, support 340, 12V power supply 301, frequency regulator 302, button switch 303. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description and are shown by illustrative specific embodiments in which the present invention can be practiced. To this end, directional terms, such as "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "up", "down", etc., are used with reference to the orientation of the figures described. Because the components of the embodiments can be positioned in several different orientations, directional terms are used for the purpose of illustration and are by no means limiting. It should be understood that other embodiments may be utilized or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description should not be adopted in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0029] The utility model proposes a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device. Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to the utility model is shown as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the quantitative experimental device for the synthesis and decomposition of the motion includes a first guide rail 201 and a second guide rail 202. One end of the first guide rail 201 is connected to the first motor 203. The first motor 203 drives the second guide rail 202 to move on the first guide rail 201. The second motor 203 controls the dotting timer 300 to move on the second guide rail 202. The touch screen 200 is arranged behind the dotting timer 300 and covers the movement range of the dotting timer 300 with the first guide rail 201 and the second guide rail 203.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the dotting timer 300 is connected to a button switch 303 and a frequency regulator 302. The frequency regulator 302 is connected to a 12V power supply 301. The button switch 303 controls the on / off of the dotting timer 300 circuit, and the frequency regulator 302 is used to adjust the dotting frequency of the dotting timer 300.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, a middle fixed plate 207 and a lower fixed plate 208 are provided on the second guide rail 202 for supporting purposes. The middle fixed plate 207 and the lower fixed plate 208 are connected by two gas spring support rods 205 and a plurality of coil springs 206, which play a supporting role and ensure the stability of the second guide rail 202 during movement.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the control box 100 is arranged on one side of the touch screen 200 and the guide rail. The control box 100 is provided with an emergency stop switch 101, a start switch 102, a power switch 103, a power indicator light 104 and a control panel 105. The control box 100 is electrically connected to the first motor 203 and the second motor 204. The operating parameters of the first motor 203 and the second motor 204 are adjusted through the control panel 105 to control the displacement speed and acceleration of the second guide rail 202 and / or the dotting timer 300. At the same time, the emergency stop switch 101 can be used to perform emergency braking on the device to ensure safety.

[0033] Figure 2 A partial enlarged diagram of a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to a specific embodiment of the utility model is shown, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, a hand-cranked slide rail 212 is further provided below the first guide rail 201 , and the distance between the first guide rail 201 and the touch screen 200 can be adjusted by the hand-cranked slide rail 212 .

[0034] Figure 3 A front view of a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to a specific embodiment of the utility model is shown, as Figure 3 As shown, limit switches 210 are provided at both ends of the first guide rail 201 and the second guide rail 202 to limit the movement range of the second guide rail 202 and the striking timer 300 .

[0035] In a specific embodiment, a slidable guide rail slider 211 is provided on the first guide rail 201 and the second guide rail 202, the limit switch 210 and the guide rail slider 211 are both provided on the grooves on the sides of the first guide rail 201 and the second guide rail 202, the second guide rail 202 is connected to the guide rail slider 211 on the first guide rail 201, the dotting timer 300 is connected to the guide rail slider 211 on the second guide rail 202, the movement stroke of the guide rail slider 211 is limited by the limit switch 210, and the movement stroke range of the second guide rail 202 and the dotting timer 300 is thereby limited.

[0036] Figure 4 A partial enlarged diagram of a motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to another specific embodiment of the utility model is shown, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the guide rail slider 211 is set on the groove on the side of the first guide rail 201, the lower fixed plate 208 is fixed on the guide rail slider 211, the bottom of the angle diverter 209 is connected to the lower fixed plate 208, and the end of the second guide rail 202 is rotatably connected to the angle diverter 209. The angle diverter 209 can adjust the angles of acute angles, obtuse angles and right angles, thereby realizing the experimental function of angle change.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the angle deflector 209 is provided with a shaft hole for the shaft to pass through and an arc-shaped rotation groove for locking the angle, and a hole matching the shaft is provided at the corresponding position at the end of the second guide rail 202. The second guide rail 202 can be rotated and fixed within the range of the arc-shaped rotation groove, thereby adjusting the angle between the second guide rail 202 and the first guide rail 201.

[0038] Figure 5 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a dotting timer structure according to a specific embodiment of the utility model. Figure 5 As shown, the dotting timer 300 is provided with an electromagnet 330 and a vibrating plate 320 cooperating therewith, a dotting needle 310 is provided at the far end of the vibrating plate 320, and a supporting member 340 is provided below the vibrating plate 320 for supporting purpose.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the frequency regulator 302 controls the electromagnet 330 to attract or release the vibration plate 320 , thereby controlling the dotting frequency of the dotting needle 310 at the far end of the vibration plate 320 .

[0040] This device uses a PLC control system to control the speed of the stepper motor. The motor is connected to the belt to drive the guide rail slider on the belt to move. The corresponding speed, acceleration and stroke are input into the control box to control the guide rail slider to make corresponding movements. The main components of the device are the control box, the first guide rail, the second guide rail, the dotting timer and the touch screen. The bottom of the second guide rail is fixed on the guide rail slider of the first guide rail, and the dotting timer is fixed on the guide rail slider of the second guide rail. The control box can control the first guide rail and the second guide rail to start moving separately or simultaneously. When the first guide rail moves alone, the guide slider of the first guide rail drives the second guide rail to move, thereby driving the dot timer to move and leave dots on the touch screen, which is the sub-motion dot trace in the direction of the first guide rail; when the second guide rail moves alone, the guide slider of the second guide rail drives the dot timer to move and leave dots on the touch screen, which is the sub-motion dot trace in the direction of the second guide rail; when they move together, the dot timer on the guide slider of the second guide rail not only participates in the movement of the second guide rail, but also participates in the movement of the first guide rail along with the movement of the first guide rail. At this time, the movement of the dot timer can be reflected as the combined movement of the sub-motion of the first guide rail and the sub-motion of the second guide rail, and the dots are the combined motion dot traces.

[0041] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In this way, if these modifications and changes are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to cover these modifications and changes. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps not listed in the claims. The simple fact that certain measures are recorded in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that the combination of these measures cannot be used to profit. Any figure mark in the claims should not be considered to limit the scope.

Claims

1. A quantitative experimental device for the synthesis and decomposition of motion, characterized in that: It includes a first guide rail, a second guide rail, a dotting timer, a driving motor and a touch screen, the driving motor includes a first motor for controlling the second guide rail to move on the first guide rail, and a second motor for controlling the dotting timer to move on the second guide rail, the touch screen is arranged behind the dotting timer and covers the movement range of the dotting timer along with the first guide rail and the second guide rail.

2. The motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle adjustment mechanism is provided at one end of the second guide rail that cooperates with the first guide rail, and the angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the second guide rail to form a right angle, an acute angle or an obtuse angle with the first guide rail.

3. The motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism comprises an angle diverter, the end of the second guide rail is rotatably connected to the angle diverter, and the angle diverter is provided with a rotating shaft hole for the rotating shaft to pass through and an arc-shaped rotating groove for locking the angle.

4. The motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support structure is arranged on the second guide rail, and the support structure comprises a fixed plate and a spring support mechanism. The fixed plate is arranged at the middle and lower parts of the second guide rail, and the spring support mechanism is arranged between the two fixed plates at the middle and lower parts of the second guide rail.

5. The motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spring support mechanism includes a coil spring and a gas spring support rod.

6. The motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dotting timer includes a frequency regulator, an electromagnet and a dotting mechanism. One end of the dotting mechanism is fixed, a vibration plate cooperating with the electromagnet is arranged in the middle, and a dotting needle is arranged at the other end. The frequency regulator controls the attraction or release of the electromagnet and the vibration plate.

7. The motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control box, which is arranged on one side of the touch screen and the guide rail. The control box is respectively connected to the first motor and the second motor to control the displacement speed and acceleration of the second guide rail and / or the dotting timer.

8. The motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Grooves are provided on the side surfaces of the first guide rail and the second guide rail, and guide rail sliders are slidably provided on the grooves.

9. The motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Limit switches are also provided at both ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail. The limit switches are fixed on the groove, and the distance between the limit switches at both ends covers the travel range of the guide rail slider.

10. The motion synthesis and decomposition quantitative experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hand-cranked slide rail is arranged below the first guide rail.

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