Intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture, which comprises a main nail and is characterized in that a first positioning nail is arranged below the main nail, a second positioning nail is arranged below the first positioning nail, an adjusting ring is arranged on the inner wall of the main nail in a matched mode, a cable-stayed force screw is arranged in the adjusting ring in a matched mode, and the cable-stayed force screw is connected with the main nail. By means of mutual matching of the structures, the femoral fracture can be firmly fixed, destructive implantation is not needed, complications such as retreating and breaking of a cable-stayed screw occurring after a conventional intramedullary nail fixing operation can be avoided, and the femoral fracture can be prevented from being damaged by the cable-stayed screw after the conventional intramedullary nail fixing operation. And meanwhile, the matching among the nail bodies of the intramedullary nail can be increased, the nail bodies are prevented from moving, and the oblique tension screw can be inserted and fixed at multiple angles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical treatment, in particular to an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures. Background Art

[0002] Intramedullary nailing is a common surgical treatment for femoral fractures. A femoral fracture is a fracture in the femur (thigh bone), which usually occurs when the leg is severely impacted or twisted. Intramedullary nailing can stabilize the broken bones and promote healing by inserting a metal nail into the femur. Intramedullary nailing is usually performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes a small incision at the fracture site and then inserts a metal nail into the femur at the hip or knee, through the broken bones, until it is fixed on the opposite side of the fracture. This stabilizes the broken bones and promotes normal healing of the fracture. The intramedullary nail is usually fixed inside the femur and does not appear outside the body.

[0003] Publication No.: CN109843194A proposes a headed intramedullary nail system with variable angle for treating femoral fractures, which helps to solve three main problems: fracture reduction, improved assembly biomechanics to ensure that the load axis is as favorable as possible to the bone fragments, and prevent femoral neck collapse and displacement and limb length loss, thereby avoiding the possibility of reduced abductor muscle strength. The system is based on a specific screw channel geometry and the provision of an additional locking screw, allowing the nail to rotate 360° and facilitating the insertion of the nail through the screw.

[0004] However, when the above intramedullary nail is in use, it may lead to a loose fit between the nails, causing relative movement and rotation between the nails, causing secondary injury to the patient. Therefore, a method is proposed that can increase the fit between the nail bodies of the intramedullary nail, prevent the movement of the nail bodies, and enable the oblique tension screw to be inserted and fixed at multiple angles. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, comprising a main nail, a first positioning nail is provided below the main nail, a second positioning nail is provided below the first positioning nail, an adjustment ring is adapted to be provided on the inner wall of the main nail, an oblique tension screw is adapted to be provided in the adjustment ring, a transverse tension screw is adapted to be provided on the inner wall of the main nail, and a transverse positioning nail is provided at one end above the main nail.

[0007] Furthermore, positioning holes are symmetrically opened on the surface of the main nail, an adjustment hole is opened on the surface of the main nail, adjustment shafts are fixedly provided on both sides of the inner wall of the adjustment hole, a fixing hole is opened on the surface of the main nail, and a placement groove is opened at one end of the main nail.

[0008] Furthermore, the first positioning nail and the second positioning nail are adapted to the positioning hole.

[0009] Furthermore, adjustment grooves are provided on both sides of the adjustment ring, and the adjustment grooves are adapted to and movably connected with the adjustment shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing groove is provided on the surface of the transverse tension screw, a limiting groove is provided on the surface of the transverse tension screw, the limiting groove is matched with one end of the oblique tension screw, and the transverse tension screw is matched with the fixing hole.

[0011] Furthermore, a positioning plate is fixedly provided at one end of the transverse positioning nail, the positioning plate is matched with the placement groove, and the transverse positioning nail is matched with the fixing groove.

[0012] Preferably, in order to satisfy the requirement of fixing the oblique tension screw of the intramedullary nail and preventing the oblique tension screw from moving, a transverse tension screw is provided in the main nail.

[0013] Preferably, in order to further limit the transverse tension nail and prevent the transverse tension nail from moving, a transverse positioning nail adapted to the transverse tension nail is provided at one end of the main nail.

[0014] Preferably, in order to enable the oblique tension screw to be inserted into the main nail at multiple angles, to fix the inside of the femur at multiple angles, and to increase the scope of use of the device, an adjustment ring is adapted to be provided on the inner wall of the main nail.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] (1) In order to fix the oblique tension screw of the intramedullary nail and prevent the oblique tension screw from moving, a transverse tension nail is provided in the main nail. At the same time, in order to further limit the transverse tension nail and prevent the transverse tension nail from moving, a transverse positioning nail adapted to the transverse tension nail is provided at one end of the main nail. When in use, the main nail is inserted into the femur, and then the transverse tension screw is inserted into the main nail through the fixing hole. Then, the oblique tension screw is inserted into the main nail through the adjusting ring, so that one end of the oblique tension screw is threadedly connected with the limiting groove. After the oblique tension screw is threadedly connected with the transverse tension screw, the transverse positioning nail is inserted into the fixing groove through one end of the main nail, and the positioning plate is embedded in the placement groove, so that the transverse positioning nail fixes the transverse tension screw, prevents the transverse tension screw from being displaced to drive the oblique tension screw to move, increases the firmness between the nail bodies of the intramedullary nail, and prevents the nails from loosely fitting, causing relative movement and rotation between the fittings.

[0017] (2) In order to enable the oblique tension screw to be inserted into the main nail at multiple angles, fix the inside of the femur at multiple angles, and increase the scope of use of the device, an adjustment ring is adapted to be provided on the inner wall of the main nail. When inserting the oblique tension screw, the adjustment ring is rotated so that the adjustment ring can be adjusted in rotation angle according to the adjustment axis. The oblique tension screw is threadedly installed on the inner wall of the adjustment ring so that one end of the oblique tension screw is threadedly connected to the limit groove when inserting the oblique tension screw. The installation angle of the oblique tension screw can be rotated by rotating the adjustment ring, so that the oblique tension screw can be applied to a wider range of situations, increasing the scope of use of the device. At the same time, the femoral fracture can be firmly fixed without destructive implantation, and complications such as screw withdrawal and screw breakage of the oblique tension screw that occur after conventional intramedullary nail fixation can be avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures proposed by the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures proposed by the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of a main nail of an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures proposed by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the disassembly and expansion structure of an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures.

[0022] In the figure: 1, main nail; 2, first positioning nail; 3, second positioning nail; 4, adjustment ring; 5, oblique tension screw; 6, transverse tension screw; 7, transverse positioning nail; 101, positioning hole; 102, adjustment hole; 103, adjustment shaft; 104, fixing hole; 105, placement slot; 401, adjustment slot; 601, fixing slot; 602, limit slot; 701, positioning plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] See also Figure 1-4The utility model provides a technical solution: an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, comprising a main nail 1, a positioning hole 101 is symmetrically opened on the surface of the main nail 1, an adjustment hole 102 is opened on the surface of the main nail 1, and an adjustment shaft 103 is fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the adjustment hole 102, a fixing hole 104 is opened on the surface of the main nail 1, and a placement groove 105 is opened at one end of the main nail 1, a first positioning nail 2 is installed below the main nail 1, and a second positioning nail 3 is installed below the first positioning nail 2, and the first positioning nail 2 and the second positioning nail 3 are adapted to the positioning hole 101, an adjustment ring 4 is adapted to be installed on the inner wall of the main nail 1, and an oblique tension screw 5 is adapted to be installed in the adjusting ring 4, and a transverse tension screw 6 is adapted to be installed on the inner wall of the main nail 1, and a fixing groove 601 is opened on the surface of the transverse tension screw 6, and a limiting groove 602 is opened on the surface of the transverse tension screw 6, and the limiting groove 602 and the oblique tension screw 5 is adapted to one end of the transverse tension screw 6 and the fixing hole 104, a transverse positioning nail 7 is installed at one end above the main nail 1, and a positioning plate 701 is fixedly installed at one end of the transverse positioning nail 7, the positioning plate 701 is adapted to the placement groove 105, and the transverse positioning nail 7 is adapted to the fixing groove 601. When in use, the main nail 1 is inserted into the femur, and then the transverse tension screw 6 is inserted into the main nail 1 through the fixing hole 104, and then the oblique tension screw 5 is inserted into the main nail 1 through the adjusting ring 4, so that one end of the oblique tension screw 5 is threadedly connected with the limiting groove 602. After the oblique tension screw 5 is threadedly connected with the transverse tension screw 6, the transverse positioning nail 7 is inserted into the fixing groove 601 through one end of the main nail 1, and the positioning plate 701 is embedded in the placement groove 105, so that the transverse positioning nail 7 fixes the transverse tension screw 6.

[0026] Embodiment 2:

[0027] See also Figure 1-4The utility model provides a technical solution: an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, comprising a main nail 1, a positioning hole 101 is symmetrically opened on the surface of the main nail 1, an adjustment hole 102 is opened on the surface of the main nail 1, and an adjustment shaft 103 is fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the adjustment hole 102, a fixing hole 104 is opened on the surface of the main nail 1, and a placement groove 105 is opened at one end of the main nail 1, a first positioning nail 2 is installed below the main nail 1, and a second positioning nail 3 is installed below the first positioning nail 2, the first positioning nail 2 and the second positioning nail 3 are adapted to the positioning hole 101, an adjustment ring 4 is adapted to be installed on the inner wall of the main nail 1, and adjustment grooves 401 are opened on both sides of the adjustment ring 4, and the adjustment grooves 401 are adapted to and movably connected with the adjustment shaft 103, and an adjustment ring 4 is adapted to be installed inside the adjustment ring 4 The oblique tension screw 5 is installed, and the inner wall of the main nail 1 is adapted to install the transverse tension screw 6. A fixing groove 601 is provided on the surface of the transverse tension screw 6, and a limiting groove 602 is provided on the surface of the transverse tension screw 6. The limiting groove 602 is adapted to one end of the oblique tension screw 5, and the transverse tension screw 6 is adapted to the fixing hole 104. A transverse positioning nail 7 is installed on the upper end of the main nail 1. When inserting the oblique tension screw 5, the adjusting ring 4 is rotated to adjust the rotation angle of the adjusting ring 4 according to the adjusting shaft 103, and the oblique tension screw 5 is threadedly installed on the inner wall of the adjusting ring 4, so that when the oblique tension screw 5 is inserted, one end of the oblique tension screw 5 is threadedly connected to the limiting groove 602, and the installation angle of the oblique tension screw 5 is rotated by rotating the adjusting ring 4.

[0028] Working principle: When in use, insert the main nail 1 into the femur, then insert the transverse tension screw 6 into the main nail 1 through the fixing hole 104, then rotate the adjusting ring 4 to make the angle of the adjusting ring 4 match the limiting groove 602 on the surface of the transverse tension screw 6, insert the oblique tension screw 5 into the main nail 1 through the adjusting ring 4, and make one end of the oblique tension screw 5 threadedly connected with the limiting groove 602. After the oblique tension screw 5 is threadedly connected with the transverse tension screw 6, insert the transverse positioning nail 7 into the fixing groove 601 through one end of the main nail 1, and embed the positioning plate 701 in the placement groove 105, so that the transverse positioning nail 7 fixes the transverse tension screw 6.

[0029] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, comprising a main nail (1), characterized in that: A first positioning nail (2) is provided below the main nail (1), a second positioning nail (3) is provided below the first positioning nail (2), an adjustment ring (4) is adapted to be provided on the inner wall of the main nail (1), an oblique tension screw (5) is adapted to be provided inside the adjustment ring (4), a transverse tension screw (6) is adapted to be provided on the inner wall of the main nail (1), and a transverse positioning nail (7) is provided at one end above the main nail (1).

2. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main nail (1) has symmetrically disposed positioning holes (101) on its surface, an adjusting hole (102) on its surface, an adjusting shaft (103) fixedly disposed on both sides of the inner wall of the adjusting hole (102), a fixing hole (104) on its surface, and a placement groove (105) disposed at one end of the main nail (1).

3. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first positioning nail (2) and the second positioning nail (3) are adapted to the positioning hole (101).

4. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture according to claim 3, characterized in that: Adjustment grooves (401) are provided on both sides of the adjustment ring (4), and the adjustment grooves (401) are adapted to and movably connected to the adjustment shaft (103).

5. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing groove (601) is provided on the surface of the transverse tension screw (6), a limiting groove (602) is provided on the surface of the transverse tension screw (6), the limiting groove (602) is matched with one end of the oblique tension screw (5), and the transverse tension screw (6) is matched with the fixing hole (104).

6. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture according to claim 5, characterized in that: A positioning plate (701) is fixedly provided at one end of the transverse positioning nail (7), the positioning plate (701) is matched with the placement groove (105), and the transverse positioning nail (7) is matched with the fixing groove (601).

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