Ladder flow dry separator
By using the combined transmission device of eccentric shaft and rocker arm in the ladder flow dry separator, the problem of unstable vibration force of the sorting bed is solved and a more stable material sorting effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323379460.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-11
Smart Images
Figure CN222369637U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of material sorting, in particular to a ladder flow dry sorting machine. Background Art
[0002] The function of the ladder flow separator is to separate mixed materials of different particle sizes and densities according to their density for subsequent processing operations. It is especially suitable for the separation of materials such as ore and coal. The ladder flow separator in the related technology generally includes a frame, a separation bed arranged on the frame, and a driving device for driving the separation bed to vibrate. The separation bed is provided with air guide holes and multiple discharge ports, and air flows out of the air guide ports. A discharge device is provided at the bottom of the discharge port. After the material enters the separation bed, it can be stratified according to density or particle size differences under the coupling of multiple forces such as gravity, wind force, and vibration force of the separation section. After the separated materials pass through the discharge port, the bottom layer of materials will be discharged, thereby realizing the separation of multiple layers of materials.
[0003] In the prior art, the driving device is generally composed of a vibration motor, and the vibration motor is directly fixedly connected to the sorting bed; when working, the rotor of the vibration motor rotates to generate centrifugal force, causing the vibration motor to vibrate, and the vibration motor transmits the vibration force to the sorting bed to achieve vibration sorting of materials. The structure in which the vibration motor is directly connected to the sorting bed is prone to cause the problem of unstable vibration force transmitted to the sorting bed, thereby affecting the sorting effect of the materials. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a ladder flow dry separator to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the vibration force at the separation bed is unstable, thereby causing the ladder flow dry separator to have a poor separation effect.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] A ladder flow dry separator, comprising a separation bed and a driving device;
[0007] The driving device includes a driving member, an eccentric shaft and at least one rocker arm; the driving member is used to drive the eccentric shaft to rotate; any one of the rocker arms is an elastic structure, one end of any one of the rocker arms is hinged to the eccentric shaft, and the other end of any one of the rocker arms is fixedly connected to the sorting bed.
[0008] Furthermore, any one of the rocker arms is configured as a leaf spring.
[0009] Furthermore, the length of the eccentricity of the eccentric shaft is between 3 mm and 22 mm.
[0010] Furthermore, the driving member is configured as a driving motor, and an output shaft of the driving member is connected to the eccentric shaft via a coupling or a belt.
[0011] Further, the sorting bed has a feed end and a discharge end, and the sorting bed includes a distribution section and at least one sorting section arranged in sequence from the feed end to the discharge end;
[0012] The distribution section includes a first air distribution plate, and any one of the sorting sections includes a second air distribution plate and a discharge port; the first air distribution plate and any one of the second air distribution plates are arranged to be inclined downward from the feed end of the sorting bed to the discharge end of the sorting bed;
[0013] The driving device is connected to the feeding end of the sorting bed.
[0014] Furthermore, the sorting bed further comprises a buffer section, and the buffer section is arranged between the material distribution section and the sorting section;
[0015] The buffer section includes at least one third air distribution plate, and any one of the third air distribution plates is arranged to be inclined downward from the feed end of the sorting bed to the discharge end of the sorting bed;
[0016] The angle between the first air distribution plate and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between any one of the third air distribution plates and the horizontal plane, and the angle between the first air distribution plate and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between any one of the second air distribution plates and the horizontal plane.
[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a back plate connected to the feeding end of the separation bed and two vertical plates respectively arranged on opposite sides of the separation bed, and the separation bed, the back plate and the two vertical plates enclose a separation tank;
[0018] The eccentric shaft is connected to a side of the back plate away from the sorting tank.
[0019] Further, the angle between the first air distribution plate and the third air distribution plate is between 0° and 15°;
[0020] And / or, the angle between the third air distribution plate and the horizontal plane is between 3° and 20°;
[0021] and / or, the angle between the second air distribution plate and the horizontal plane is between 3° and 20°;
[0022] and / or, the angle between the vibration direction of the sorting bed and the second air distribution plate is between 0° and 45°;
[0023] And / or, the angle between the rocker arm and the second air distribution plate is between 0° and 75°;
[0024] And / or, the angle between the back plate and the horizontal plane is between 45° and 110°.
[0025] Furthermore, it also includes at least one discharge device, which is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sorting sections, and any one of the discharge devices is used to discharge the bottom layer material in the corresponding sorting section.
[0026] Furthermore, it also includes an air supply device, which includes a plurality of air chambers distributed in a matrix below the sorting bed.
[0027] Beneficial effects of the utility model:
[0028] The utility model provides a ladder flow dry sorting machine comprising a sorting bed and a driving device, wherein the driving device comprises a driving member, an eccentric shaft and at least one rocker arm; the driving member is used to drive the eccentric shaft to rotate; any one of the rocker arms is an elastic structure, one end of any one of the rocker arms is hinged to the eccentric shaft, and the other end of any one of the rocker arms is fixedly connected to the sorting bed.
[0029] In the above structure, the torque generated by the driving member is converted into a vibration force that drives the sorting bed to reciprocate through the eccentric shaft and the rocker arm. Compared with the solution of using a vibration motor to drive the vibration of the sorting bed, the eccentric shaft transmission method used in this application has the advantages of high vibration intensity and stable and uniform vibration amplitude of the sorting bed, thereby improving the sorting effect of the material; in addition, the rocker arm is an elastic structure, and the torque generated by the driving member is converted into the elastic deformation of the rocker arm and then transmitted to the sorting bed, which can play a certain buffering effect and avoid the problem of jamming during the transmission process, thereby ensuring the stability of the material transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the forward structure of a ladder flow dry separator provided in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a ladder flow dry separator provided in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0033] Figure 3 An angle schematic diagram of the rocker arm, the first air distribution plate, the third air distribution plate, the second air distribution plate and the back plate in the ladder flow dry separator provided in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0034] icon:
[0035] 1-sorting bed; 11-feeding end; 12-discharging end; 13-distributing section; 131-first air distribution plate; 14-buffering section; 141-third air distribution plate; 15-sorting section; 151-second air distribution plate; 152-discharging port; 2-driving device; 21-driving member; 22-eccentric shaft; 23-rocker arm; 24-belt; 25-bracket; 3-air supply device; 4-back plate; 5-vertical plate; 6-sorting trough; 7-discharging device; 71-discharging shell; 72-discharging roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] The technical solution of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0037] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0038] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "connection" and "installation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or connected through an intermediate medium; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0039] The utility model embodiment provides a ladder flow dry separator, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cascade dry separator includes a sorting bed 1 and a driving device 2, the driving device 2 includes a driving member 21, an eccentric shaft 22 and at least one rocker arm 23; the driving member 21 is used to drive the eccentric shaft 22 to rotate; any one of the rocker arms 23 is an elastic structure, one end of any one of the rocker arms 23 is hinged to the eccentric shaft 22, and the other end of any one of the rocker arms 23 is fixedly connected to the sorting bed 1.
[0040] In the above structure, the torque generated by the driving member 21 is converted into a vibration force that drives the sorting bed 1 to reciprocate through the eccentric shaft 22 and the rocker arm 23. Compared with the solution of using a vibration motor to drive the sorting bed 1 to vibrate, the eccentric shaft 22 transmission method used in this application has the advantages of high vibration intensity and stable and uniform vibration amplitude of the sorting bed, thereby improving the sorting effect of the material; in addition, the rocker arm 23 is an elastic structure, and the torque generated by the driving member 21 is converted into the elastic deformation of the rocker arm 23 and then transmitted to the sorting bed 1, which can play a certain buffering effect, thereby improving the stability of the transmission.
[0041] Furthermore, the driving device 2 further comprises a bracket 25 , the driving member 21 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 25 , and the eccentric shaft 22 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 25 via a bearing seat.
[0042] This embodiment provides a hinge structure between a rocker arm 23 and an eccentric shaft 22. Figure 2 The driving device 2 also includes a connecting block, which is provided with a connecting through hole, and the eccentric shaft 22 passes through the connecting through hole. One end of the rocker arm 23 is fixedly connected to the connecting block, and the rocker arm 23 and the eccentric shaft 22 are hinged through the connecting block.
[0043] The connection between the rocker arm 23 and the sorting bed 1 is not limited to welding, gluing, screwing and the like.
[0044] On the basis of the above structure, the number of rocker arms 23 is multiple; further, the multiple rocker arms 23 are divided into two rocker arm groups, and the two rocker arm groups are respectively arranged at both ends of the eccentric shaft 22. The multiple rocker arms 23 can improve the stability of the transmission and further improve the sorting effect.
[0045] In this embodiment, any one of the rocker arms 23 is configured as a leaf spring. The rocker arm 23 is configured as a plate-like structure to prevent the separation bed 1 from shaking to both sides, thereby improving the vibration stability of the separation bed 1.
[0046] As an optional embodiment, the eccentric length of the eccentric shaft 22 is between 3 mm and 22 mm. The above arrangement can make the vibration amplitude of the separation bed 1 within a suitable range, thereby ensuring the separation effect of the materials.
[0047] As an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 2 The driving member 21 is configured as a driving motor, and the output shaft of the driving member 21 is connected to the eccentric shaft 22 through a belt 24. Specifically, a driving pulley is sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor, a driven pulley is sleeved on one end of the eccentric shaft 22, and the belt 24 is connected between the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and the power of the driving motor is transmitted to the eccentric shaft 22 through the driving pulley, the belt 24 and the driven pulley.
[0048] As another optional embodiment, the driving member 21 is configured as a driving motor, and the output shaft of the driving member 21 is connected to the eccentric shaft 22 via a coupling.
[0049] The ladder flow dry separator provided in the present application further includes an air supply device 3 , which is disposed at the bottom of the sorting bed 1 and is used to supply air toward the sorting bed 1 .
[0050] Furthermore, the sorting bed 1 has a feed end 11 and a discharge end 12, and the sorting bed 1 includes a distribution section 13 and at least one sorting section 15 which are sequentially arranged from the feed end 11 to the discharge end 12;
[0051] The distribution section 13 includes a first air distribution plate 131, and any one of the sorting sections 15 includes a second air distribution plate 151 and a discharge port 152; any one of the third air distribution plates 141 and any one of the second air distribution plates 151 are arranged to be inclined downward from the feed end 11 of the sorting bed 1 to the discharge end 12 of the sorting bed 1;
[0052] The driving device 2 is connected to the feeding end 11 of the sorting bed 1 .
[0053] When the above device is working, after the material falls into the sorting bed 1, it needs to pass through the distribution section 13 before entering the sorting section 15. Specifically, after the material falls onto the first air distribution plate 131 in the distribution section 13, since the first air distribution plate 131 is tilted downward from the feed end 11 of the sorting bed 1 to the discharge end 12 of the sorting bed 1, the material moves from the distribution section 13 to the sorting section 15 under the action of gravity. At the same time, the driving device 2 drives the sorting bed 1 to vibrate, so that the material can be spread on the first air distribution plate 131. Since the driving device 2 is installed at the feed end 11 of the sorting bed 1 (i.e., the end close to the distribution section 13), the sorting bed 1 has a larger vibration amplitude at a position close to the feeding end 11, so as to accelerate the spreading of the materials; the spread materials move to the second air distribution plate 151 in the sorting section 15, and the air supply device 3 can blow the materials through the second air distribution plate 151. After the materials are in the sorting section 15, they can be layered according to density or particle size differences under the coupling of multiple forces such as gravity, wind force, and vibration force of the sorting section; the layered materials will be discharged from the bottom layer after passing through the discharge port 152, so as to achieve the separation of multiple layers of materials.
[0054] The ladder flow dry separator provided in the present application has both distribution and sorting functions and does not need to be used in conjunction with a vibrating distributor. Therefore, the material sorting system can omit the vibrating distributor, making the material sorting system have the advantages of low cost, simple layout and small space occupation.
[0055] In this embodiment, there are multiple sorting sections 15 , and the multiple sorting sections 15 are arranged in sequence from the feed end 11 of the sorting bed 1 to the discharge end 12 of the sorting bed 1 .
[0056] Furthermore, the sorting bed 1 further comprises a buffer section 14, and the buffer section 14 is arranged between the material distribution section 13 and the sorting section 15;
[0057] The buffer section 14 includes a third air distribution plate 141, and the third air distribution plate 141 is arranged to be inclined downward from the feeding end 11 of the sorting bed 1 to the discharging end 12 of the sorting bed 1;
[0058] The angle between the first air distribution plate 131 and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between any third air distribution plate 141 and the horizontal plane, and the angle between the first air distribution plate 131 and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between any second air distribution plate 151 and the horizontal plane.
[0059] Optionally, there may be one or more third air distribution plates 141 ; when there are more than one third air distribution plates 141 , the more than one third air distribution plates 141 are sequentially arranged from the feed end 11 of the sorting bed 1 to the discharge end 12 of the sorting bed 1 .
[0060] The working process of the above-mentioned ladder flow dry separator is as follows:
[0061] First, the material falls from the feeding end 11 of the sorting bed 1 onto the first air distribution plate 131. Since the angle between the first air distribution plate 131 and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between any third air distribution plate 141 and any second air distribution plate 151 and the horizontal plane, the material can obtain a larger acceleration at the first air distribution plate 131, thereby quickly spreading and moving toward the buffer section 14.
[0062] Next, the material moves from the first air distribution plate 131 to the third air distribution plate 141. Since the angle between the third air distribution plate 141 and the horizontal plane is small, the flow rate of the material on the third air distribution plate 141 will be reduced. With the vibration of the sorting bed 1, the material will be spread more evenly on the third air distribution plate 141. The air supply device 3 blows air toward the buffer section 14 through the third air distribution plate 141. After the material enters the buffer section 14, it can be pre-stratified according to density or particle size differences under the coupling of multiple forces such as gravity, wind force, and vibration force of the sorting section.
[0063] Subsequently, the material enters the subsequent sorting section 15, and the air supply device 3 blows air toward the sorting section 15 through the second air distribution plate 151. After the material enters the sorting section 15, it can continue to be stratified according to density or particle size differences under the coupling of multiple forces such as gravity, wind force, and vibration force of the sorting section; the layered material passes through the discharge port 152, and the bottom layer of material will be discharged, thereby realizing the separation of multiple layers of material.
[0064] In the present application, the first air distribution plate 131 has a large inclination angle with the horizontal plane. This setting can prevent materials from accumulating at the feeding end 11 of the sorting bed 1, and at the same time enable the materials to obtain a large acceleration before entering the buffer section 14 and the sorting section 15, so that the materials can be spread more evenly on the buffer section 14 and the sorting section 15, thereby improving the material distribution and sorting effects; the setting of the buffer section 14 can extend the material distribution and sorting area and time, thereby improving the material distribution and sorting effects.
[0065] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ladder flow dry separator also includes a back plate 4 connected to the feeding end 11 of the sorting bed 1 and two vertical plates 5 respectively arranged on opposite sides of the sorting bed 1. The sorting bed 1, the back plate 4 and the two vertical plates 5 enclose a sorting slot 6;
[0066] The eccentric shaft 22 is connected to a side of the back plate 4 away from the sorting tank 6 .
[0067] In the present application, the driving device 2 is arranged at the feeding end 11 of the sorting bed 1. Compared with the technical solution in which the driving device 2 is installed on the upper part of the sorting bed 1, the above arrangement can, on the one hand, enable the distribution section 13 of the sorting bed 1 to have a larger vibration amplitude, which is convenient for the distribution of materials. On the other hand, it is beneficial to the replacement of the driving device 2 and the arrangement of the dust removal chamber on the upper part of the sorting bed 1.
[0068] As an optional embodiment, a wear-resistant lining plate is detachably mounted on one side of the back plate 4 close to the sorting tank 6, and the wear-resistant lining plate can be replaced in time according to the wear condition during use.
[0069] As an optional embodiment, the air supply device 3 includes a plurality of air chambers distributed in a matrix below the sorting bed 1, each air chamber providing air in different states according to the needs of the bed layer, thereby improving the sorting accuracy of the materials.
[0070] As an optional embodiment, the ladder flow dry separator further includes at least one discharging device 7 , and the discharging devices 7 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the sorting sections 15 . Any discharging device 7 is used to discharge the bottom layer material in the corresponding sorting section 15 .
[0071] Specifically, the discharge device 7 is arranged below the discharge port 152 of the corresponding sorting section 15, and includes a discharge shell 71, a discharge roller 72 and a driving structure; wherein the discharge shell 71 is fixed between the two vertical plates 5, the belly of the discharge roller 72 is located in the discharge shell 71 and the two ends are rotatably connected to the two vertical plates 5 respectively; the driving structure is used to drive the discharge roller 72 to rotate around its own axis; the discharge shell 71 has an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the discharge shell 71 is connected to the discharge port 152 of the corresponding sorting section 15, and the outlet of the discharge shell 71 can be connected to the material storage device through a pipeline. When the above-mentioned discharge device 7 is working, the discharge roller 72 rotates around its own axis under the drive of the driving structure, so that the material in the discharge shell 71 can be dredged, so that the bottom layer material in the corresponding sorting section 15 is discharged outward from the discharge port 152, the inlet of the discharge shell 71 and the outlet of the discharge shell 71 in sequence.
[0072] Reference Figure 3 , the angle between the first air distribution plate 131 and the third air distribution plate 141 is between 0° and 15°;
[0073] and / or, the angle between the third air distribution plate 141 and the horizontal plane is between 3° and 20°;
[0074] and / or, the angle between the second air distribution plate 151 and the horizontal plane is between 3° and 20°;
[0075] And / or, the angle between the vibration direction of the sorting bed 1 and the first air distribution plate 131 is between 0° and 45° ( Figure 3 The line marked with a double-headed arrow is the vibration direction of the sorting bed 1);
[0076] And / or, the angle between the rocker arm 23 and the second air distribution plate 151 is between 0° and 75°.
[0077] In this embodiment, the third air distribution plate 141 and the second air distribution plate 151 have the same inclination angle, which can enable the material evenly spread on the third air distribution plate 141 to move smoothly to the second air distribution plate 151; the angle α between the second air distribution plate 151 and the horizontal plane is between 3° and 20°, and this angle range enables the material to obtain appropriate acceleration after moving from the upstream sorting section 15 to the downstream sorting section 15, so that the thickness of the material on multiple sorting sections 15 is more uniform. Exemplarily, the angle between the third air distribution plate 141 and the horizontal plane can be 3°, 5°, 10°, 15° or 20°, and the angle between the second air distribution plate 151 and the horizontal plane can be 3°, 5°, 10°, 15° or 20°.
[0078] In this embodiment, the angle β between the first air distribution plate 131 and the third air distribution plate 141 is between 0° and 15°. The above structure enables the material to obtain a suitable acceleration after falling into the distribution section 13, which can prevent the material from accumulating at the feeding end 11 of the sorting bed 1 on the one hand, and improve the uniformity of the thickness of the material on the buffer section 14 and the sorting section 15 on the other hand. Exemplarily, the angle between the first air distribution plate 131 and the third air distribution plate 141 can be 3°, 8°, 10° or 15°.
[0079] In this embodiment, the angle δ between the vibration direction of the sorting bed 1 and the second air distribution plate 151 is between 0° and 45°. The above structure can subject the material to a suitable vibration force, so that the thickness of the material on the buffer section 14 and the plurality of sorting sections 15 is more uniform. Exemplarily, the angle between the vibration direction of the sorting bed 1 and the second air distribution plate 151 can be 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40° or 45°.
[0080] Continue to refer to Figure 3 , the angle θ between the back plate 4 and the horizontal plane is between 45° and 110°. In this embodiment, since the driving device 2 is connected to the back plate 4, the vibration direction of the sorting bed 1 is related to the angle of the back plate 4; if the angle between the back plate 4 and the horizontal plane is less than 45°, on the one hand, it may cause the vibration direction of the sorting bed 1 to be out of the set range, and on the other hand, it will reduce the blocking effect on the material, and then the material may reversely cross the back plate 4 and fall out of the sorting trough 6; if the angle between the back plate 4 and the horizontal plane is greater than 110°, it may block the entry of the material, which is not convenient for the use of the ladder flow dry sorting machine.
[0081] In this embodiment, the angle ε between the rocker arm 23 and the second air distribution plate 151 is between 0° and 75°. If the angle ε between the rocker arm 23 and the second air distribution plate 151 exceeds 75°, the vertical component force transmitted by the rocker arm 23 to the sorting bed 1 is too large, resulting in too small reciprocating displacement of the sorting bed 1 in the horizontal direction, which in turn leads to poor sorting effect of the material. Exemplarily, the angle between the rocker arm 23 and the second air distribution plate 151 can be 0°, 10°, 30°, 50°, 70° or 75°.
[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.
Claims
1. A ladder flow dry separator, characterized in that: It comprises a sorting bed (1) and a driving device (2); The driving device (2) comprises a driving member (21), an eccentric shaft (22) and at least one rocker arm (23); the driving member (21) is used to drive the eccentric shaft (22) to rotate; any one of the rocker arms (23) is an elastic structure, one end of any one of the rocker arms (23) is hinged to the eccentric shaft (22), and the other end of any one of the rocker arms (23) is fixedly connected to the sorting bed (1).
2. The ladder flow dry separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Any one of the rocker arms (23) is configured as a leaf spring.
3. The ladder flow dry separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The eccentric length of the eccentric shaft (22) is between 3 mm and 22 mm.
4. The ladder flow dry separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (21) is configured as a driving motor, and an output shaft of the driving member (21) is connected to the eccentric shaft (22) via a coupling or a belt (24).
5. The ladder flow dry separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation bed (1) has an inlet end (11) and an outlet end (12), and the separation bed (1) comprises a distribution section (13) and at least one separation section (15) which are sequentially arranged from the inlet end (11) to the outlet end (12); The distribution section (13) comprises a first air distribution plate (131), and any one of the sorting sections (15) comprises a second air distribution plate (151) and a discharge port (152); the first air distribution plate (131) and any one of the second air distribution plates (151) are arranged to be inclined downward from the feed end (11) of the sorting bed (1) to the discharge end (12) of the sorting bed (1); The driving device (2) is connected to the feeding end (11) of the separation bed (1).
6. The ladder flow dry separator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sorting bed (1) further comprises a buffer section (14), wherein the buffer section (14) is arranged between the material distribution section (13) and the sorting section (15); The buffer section (14) comprises at least one third air distribution plate (141), and any one of the third air distribution plates (141) is arranged to be inclined downward from the feed end (11) of the separation bed (1) to the discharge end (12) of the separation bed (1); The angle between the first air distribution plate (131) and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between any one of the third air distribution plates (141) and the horizontal plane, and the angle between the first air distribution plate (131) and the horizontal plane is greater than the angle between any one of the second air distribution plates (151) and the horizontal plane.
7. The ladder flow dry separator according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a back plate (4) connected to the feed end (11) of the separation bed (1) and two vertical plates (5) respectively arranged on opposite sides of the separation bed (1); the separation bed (1), the back plate (4) and the two vertical plates (5) enclose a separation trough (6); The eccentric shaft (22) is connected to a side of the back plate (4) away from the sorting tank (6).
8. The ladder flow dry separator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The included angle between the first air distribution plate (131) and the third air distribution plate (141) is between 0° and 15°; And / or, the angle between the third air distribution plate (141) and the horizontal plane is between 3° and 20°; and / or, the angle between the second air distribution plate (151) and the horizontal plane is between 3° and 20°; And / or, the angle between the vibration direction of the sorting bed (1) and the second air distribution plate (151) is between 0° and 45°; and / or, the angle between the back plate (4) and the horizontal plane is between 45° and 110°; And / or, the angle between the rocker arm (23) and the second air distribution plate (151) is between 0° and 75°.
9. The ladder flow dry separator according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: It also comprises at least one discharge device (7), wherein the discharge devices (7) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the sorting sections (15), and any one of the discharge devices (7) is used to discharge the bottom layer material in the corresponding sorting section (15); the discharge device (7) is arranged below the discharge port (152) of the corresponding sorting section (15).
10. The ladder flow dry separator according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: It also comprises an air supply device (3), wherein the air supply device (3) supplies air to the sorting bed (1) through the first air distribution plate (131), the second air distribution plate (151) and the third air distribution plate (141); The air supply device (3) comprises a plurality of air chambers distributed in a matrix manner below the sorting bed (1).