Anchor rod device for monitoring stress and displacement by using arc surface capacitive sensor

Abstract

The utility model provides an anchor rod device using an arc surface capacitive sensor to monitor stress and displacement, which comprises an anchor rod, the end part of the anchor rod is sequentially provided with a tray, a detection box and a high-strength nut in a penetrating manner, the detection box comprises a first shell and a second shell which are buckled with each other, a telescopic mechanism is arranged between the first shell and the second shell, and the high-strength nut is arranged in the first shell. The first shell and the second shell can relatively move along the buckling direction; v-shaped components are symmetrically arranged in the detection box, any V-shaped component comprises a hinged end and two free ends, the telescopic mechanism is connected with the two free ends of the V-shaped components respectively to drive the V-shaped components to perform opening and closing movement, the hinged ends of the V-shaped components are provided with connecting components, and the connecting components are provided with arc surface sensors. In the scheme, the anchor rod device can reliably monitor axial stress and axial deformation of interaction between the anchor rod and surrounding rock in real time through the arc surface sensor, so that measures are taken in time to eliminate dangerous cases, and the probability of safety accidents is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to an anchor device which uses an arc surface capacitance sensor to monitor stress and displacement. Background Art

[0002] Generally, after the tunnel is excavated, the original mechanical static balance in the rock mass around the tunnel is broken, resulting in stress redistribution, which causes the tunnel surrounding rock to be damaged. In order to maintain the stability of the tunnel, it is necessary to effectively support the tunnel surrounding rock to prevent excessive deformation or loosening of the surrounding rock, that is, to limit the excessive development of surrounding rock fracture. Anchor support is a key technology for various underground projects such as mining, water conservancy and hydropower tunnels, and railway and highway traffic tunnels. Anchors can deform together with the surrounding rock and have a good control effect on excessive deformation of the surrounding rock. Reasonable anchor support technology can not only ensure the safety of underground projects, but also have obvious economic benefits.

[0003] Existing intelligent anchor monitoring technologies mainly include resistive, electromagnetic and fiber Bragg grating, etc., which mainly involve directly installing sensors at the ends of anchors or laying optical fibers inside the rod body. Due to the complex deformation process of rock and soil, single anchor end sensors frequently experience anchor failure and unloading in actual engineering applications. The anchor end sensor after unloading is difficult to collect axial stress, and fiber Bragg gratings are easily squeezed and damaged inside the rod body. In addition, due to the complex environment such as high pressure and high humidity inside the rock and soil, it is technically difficult to deploy fiber Bragg grating sensors over a large area. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides an anchor device which uses an arc surface capacitance sensor to monitor stress and displacement, so as to solve the technical problem that the single anchor end sensor frequently fails to anchor in actual engineering applications and causes unloading, and the anchor end sensor after unloading is difficult to collect axial stress.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An anchor rod device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor, comprising an anchor rod, the ends of which are successively penetrated by a tray, a detection box and a high-strength nut, wherein the detection box comprises a first shell and a second shell that are interlocked, a telescopic mechanism is arranged between the first shell and the second shell, and the first shell and the second shell can move relative to each other along the interlocking direction; V-shaped components are symmetrically arranged inside the detection box, any of the V-shaped components comprises a hinged end and two free ends, the telescopic mechanism is respectively connected to the two free ends of the V-shaped component to drive the V-shaped component to perform opening and closing movements, the hinged end of the V-shaped component is provided with a connecting component, and the arc surface sensor is arranged on the connecting component.

[0007] The connecting member is provided with a connecting portion, which is fixedly connected to the positive electrode plate of the arc surface sensor, and the hinged end of the V-shaped member is provided with a negative electrode plate adapted to the positive electrode plate of the arc surface sensor.

[0008] Wherein, the telescopic mechanism includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a bow spring, wherein the top plate is fixedly connected to the first shell, the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the second shell, and the bow spring is located between the top plate and the bottom plate, and abuts against the top plate and the bottom plate respectively.

[0009] Wherein, one free end of the V-shaped member is hinged to the top plate, and the other free end is hinged to the bottom plate.

[0010] Wherein, the bow springs are symmetrically distributed, and the opening directions are all toward the anchor rod.

[0011] Wherein, the detection box is provided with a visual display screen.

[0012] Wherein, the side wall size of the first shell is smaller than the side wall size of the second shell.

[0013] Wherein, the first shell and the second shell are made of polymer material.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the utility model are as follows:

[0015] In the above scheme, the anchor device can monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the interaction between the anchor and the surrounding rock in real time and reliably through the arc surface sensor, so as to take timely measures to eliminate the dangerous situation and reduce the probability of safety accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchor device of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a detection box of the anchor device of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the upper arc surface capacitance sensor of the anchor device of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the lower arc surface capacitance sensor of the anchor device of the utility model.

[0020] [reference numerals]

[0021] 1. Anchor rod;

[0022] 2. High strength nuts;

[0023] 3. A first shell;

[0024] 4. Second shell;

[0025] 5. Top plate;

[0026] 6. Visual display screen;

[0027] 7. V-shaped components;

[0028] 8. Connecting components;

[0029] 9. Rivets;

[0030] 10. Bow spring;

[0031] 11. Pallet;

[0032] 12. Rock mass;

[0033] 13. Drilling;

[0034] 14. Connecting part;

[0035] 15. Negative plate;

[0036] 16. Positive plate;

[0037] 17. Chassis;

[0038] 18. High-density counterweight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides an anchor device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor, including an anchor 1, the end of which is sequentially penetrated with a tray 11, a detection box and a high-strength nut 2. When in use, the anchor 1 is inserted into a borehole 13 of a rock mass 12, and the tray 11 fits against the rock mass 12 to avoid direct contact between the detection box and the irregular rock mass 12, thereby avoiding the occurrence of a phenomenon of too low monitoring accuracy.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, the detection box includes a first shell 3 and a second shell 4 that are interlocked with each other. The material of the first shell 3 and the second shell 4 is a polymer material. A telescopic mechanism is arranged between the first shell 3 and the second shell 4. Under the action of the telescopic mechanism, the first shell 3 and the second shell 4 can move relative to each other along the interlocking direction; V-shaped components 7 are symmetrically arranged inside the detection box, and any V-shaped component 7 includes a hinged end and two free ends. The telescopic mechanism is respectively connected to the two free ends of the V-shaped component 7 to drive the V-shaped component 7 to open and close. The hinged end of the V-shaped component 7 is provided with a connecting component 8, and the connecting component 8 is provided with an arc surface sensor.

[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the connecting member 8 is provided with a connecting portion 14, which is fixedly connected to the positive electrode plate 16 of the arc surface sensor, the hinged end of the V-shaped member 7 is hinged to the connecting member 8 through a rivet 9, and the hinged end of the V-shaped member 7 is provided with a negative electrode plate 15 adapted to the positive electrode plate 16 of the arc surface sensor. A high-density counterweight block 18 is provided at the bottom of the connecting member 8, and the connecting member 8 does not directly contact the V-shaped member 7.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the telescopic mechanism includes a top plate 5, a bottom plate 17 and a bow spring 10, wherein the top plate 5 is fixedly connected to the first shell 3, the bottom plate 17 is fixedly connected to the second shell 4, and the bow spring 10 is located between the top plate 5 and the bottom plate 17, and abuts against the top plate 5 and the bottom plate 17 respectively.

[0044] One free end of the V-shaped member 7 is hinged to the top plate 5, and the other free end is hinged to the bottom plate 17. Both the top plate 5 and the bottom plate 17 are sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod 1. Whether the top plate 5 moves or the bottom plate 17 moves, the V-shaped member 7 can be driven to move.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are two bow springs 10 , which are symmetrically distributed and have their opening directions facing the anchor rod 1 .

[0046] In this embodiment, the detection box is provided with a visual display screen 6 for displaying stress, changing angle and displacement data.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the side wall size of the first shell 3 is smaller than the side wall size of the second shell 4, that is, the second shell 4 is sleeved on the outside of the first shell 3 so as to limit the position when moving.

[0048] During the application of prestress, by tightening the high-strength nut 2 to squeeze the test box, the bow spring 10 in the test box will be compressed, and the part where the V-shaped member 7 and the connecting member 8 are connected will rotate, causing the electric field lines and equipotential lines of the arc surface sensor to change, thereby causing the capacitance to change. After processing at the data end, the angle of rotation of the connecting part of the V-shaped member 7 and the connecting member 8 and the magnitude of the applied prestress can be obtained, and the stress, angle of change and displacement data can be read on the visual display screen 6. In this process, since the high-density counterweight 18 is located at the bottom of the connecting member 8; at the same time, because the connecting member 8 is not in direct contact with the V-shaped member 7, it can be ensured that the angle of the connecting member 8 will not change due to the rotation of the V-shaped member 7.

[0049] After setting the required prestress, the arc surface sensor can be used to reliably monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the interaction between the anchor rod 1 and the rock mass 12 in real time, so that timely measures can be taken to eliminate the danger. Specifically, after applying the predetermined prestress, the reading can be reset to zero, and then the displacement of the rock mass 12 and the change in stress can be continuously monitored. When the rock mass 12 is displaced, a thrust is applied to the tray 11, thereby deforming the bow spring 10 in the detection box, which in turn causes the capacitance of the arc surface sensor to change.

[0050] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the calculation principle of displacement is that before the telescopic mechanism is deformed, the angle α between the V-shaped member 7 and the vertical direction and the length L of the V-shaped member 7 are known. After the telescopic mechanism is deformed, the changed angle θ can be obtained according to the change of the capacitance of the arc surface sensor. Therefore, the current angle between the V-shaped member 7 and the vertical direction is α-θ. According to the principle of trigonometric function, the displacement is L·(sinα-sin(α-θ)).

[0051] The use process of the anchor rod device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0052] (1) Arranging an anchor rod 1 in a target borehole 13 on a rock mass 12;

[0053] (2) The tray 11 is placed on the anchor rod 1 and pressed against the outer rock wall of the borehole 13 to exert its function; the detection box is placed on the anchor rod 1 and started to check whether it can work normally;

[0054] (3) The high-strength nut 2 is sleeved on the tail of the anchor rod 1, and all the readings on the visual display screen 6 are cleared to zero. Then, a prestressing torque is applied to the high-strength nut 2 through a corresponding machine, and the nut is screwed in a clockwise direction toward the rock mass 12. When the high-strength nut 2 contacts the detection box, the size of the applied prestress will be displayed in real time on the visual display screen 6. When the prestressing torque is stopped after the prestressing reading reaches the predetermined prestressing size, the prestressing torque is stopped.

[0055] (4) After recording and setting the predetermined prestress magnitude and related data, all readings on the visual display screen 6 are cleared to zero, and the angle between the V-shaped member 7 and the vertical direction at this time is set to the starting angle, so that the axial deformation of the interaction between the anchor rod 1 and the rock mass 12 can continue to be monitored according to the principle of trigonometric function;

[0056] (5) After completing the above steps, the axial stress and axial deformation of the interaction between the anchor rod 1 and the rock mass 12 can be reliably monitored in real time by the arc surface sensor, so that measures can be taken in time to eliminate the danger;

[0057] (6) The monitoring state is maintained until the end of the project. During this period, the visual display screen 6 can be set to an automatic screen-off mode to reduce unnecessary waste of electricity. When it is necessary to understand the axial stress and axial deformation of the interaction between the anchor rod 1 and the rock mass 12, it is only necessary to display the numbers on the visual display screen 6.

[0058] (7) After the project is completed, each anchor device only needs to be removed and reused.

[0059] In the above scheme, the anchor device can monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the interaction between the anchor and the surrounding rock in real time and reliably through the arc surface capacitance sensor, so as to take timely measures to eliminate the dangerous situation; the anchor device can accurately measure the size of the anchor prestress, thereby extending the service life of the anchor and reducing the probability of safety accidents; all components of the anchor device are reusable and can be recycled after the construction is completed, and can be put into use again in subsequent projects; the anchor device has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high monitoring accuracy, reusability, good economic benefits, etc., and has wide applicability and promotion in this technical field.

[0060] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor, comprising an anchor, characterized in that: The ends of the anchor rod are sequentially penetrated with a tray, a detection box and a high-strength nut, wherein the detection box comprises a first shell and a second shell that are buckled together, a telescopic mechanism is provided between the first shell and the second shell, and the first shell and the second shell can move relative to each other along the buckling direction; The detection box is symmetrically provided with V-shaped components inside, and any of the V-shaped components includes a hinged end and two free ends. The telescopic mechanism is respectively connected to the two free ends of the V-shaped component to drive the V-shaped component to open and close. The hinged end of the V-shaped component is provided with a connecting component, and the connecting component is provided with an arc surface sensor.

2. The anchor device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting member is provided with a connecting portion, which is fixedly connected to the positive electrode plate of the arc surface sensor, and the hinged end of the V-shaped member is provided with a negative electrode plate adapted to the positive electrode plate of the arc surface sensor.

3. The anchor device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a bow-shaped spring, wherein the top plate is fixedly connected to the first shell, the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the second shell, and the bow-shaped spring is located between the top plate and the bottom plate and abuts against the top plate and the bottom plate respectively.

4. The anchor device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: One free end of the V-shaped member is hinged to the top plate, and the other free end is hinged to the bottom plate.

5. The anchor device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bow springs are symmetrically distributed, and their opening directions are all toward the anchor rod.

6. The anchor device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection box is provided with a visual display screen.

7. The anchor device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall size of the first shell is smaller than the side wall size of the second shell.

8. The anchor device for monitoring stress and displacement using an arc surface capacitance sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shell and the second shell are made of polymer material.

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