Lubricating structure, speed reducer and electric drive assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lubricating structure, a speed reducer and an electric drive assembly. A first side and a second side which are oppositely arranged are arranged in a shell of the speed reducer. The lubricating structure comprises a transmission shaft and an oil guide structural part. The first end and the second end are close to the first side and the second side respectively, and a shaft hole of the transmission shaft penetrates from the first end to the second end; the oil guide structural part comprises a first oil guide structure and a second oil guide structure, the first oil guide structure is arranged at the first end, and the first side of the shell and the second oil guide structure are arranged on the hole wall of the shaft hole; when the transmission shaft rotates, the first oil guide structure stirs lubricating oil and guides the lubricating oil on the first side to the second oil guide structure, and the second oil guide structure guides the lubricating oil to the second side. According to the technical scheme, the lubricating structure is provided to achieve uniform lubrication of transmission parts under the condition of low oil quantity, and the problem that lubricating oil cannot be evenly distributed in all the transmission parts easily can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a lubrication structure, a reducer and an electric drive assembly. Background Art

[0002] The lubrication methods of the reducer of the electric drive assembly mainly include active lubrication and non-active lubrication (splash lubrication). For non-active lubrication reducers, the lubricating oil is usually thrown to other transmission parts for lubrication by the stirring action of the gears.

[0003] However, most of the gears in automotive reducers are helical gears. Helical gears have directionality when throwing oil, and they often throw the lubricating oil to the transmission components on one side. This will cause the lubricating oil to accumulate on one side, while the other side will have less oil or no oil, which is not conducive to the balanced distribution of lubricating oil in various transmission components.

[0004] In addition, since the gears will generate power loss when stirring the oil, which in turn affects the transmission efficiency, in order to improve the transmission efficiency, the amount of lubricating oil is usually reduced to control the amount of lubricating oil or the oil level to be lower. However, if the oil level is insufficient, there will be a problem of insufficient lubrication. The applicant mainly found that the manifestation of insufficient lubrication is that the temperatures of the bearings on both sides of the transmission shaft are different, which reflects the insufficient lubrication efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a lubrication structure to achieve uniform lubrication of transmission parts under low oil volume conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to propose a lubrication structure, aiming to provide a lubrication structure to achieve uniform lubrication of transmission parts under low oil volume conditions, so as to improve the problem of unfavorable balanced distribution of lubricating oil among various transmission parts.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model proposes a lubrication structure, which is applied to a reducer, wherein the reducer housing has a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other, and the lubrication structure comprises:

[0007] A transmission shaft, the transmission shaft having a first end and a second end respectively close to the first side and the second side, and an axial hole of the transmission shaft extending from the first end to the second end;

[0008] An oil guide structure, the oil guide structure comprising a first oil guide structure and a second oil guide structure, the first oil guide structure being disposed at at least one of the first end, the first side of the housing, and between the first end and the first side, and the second oil guide structure being disposed at a hole wall of the shaft hole;

[0009] When the transmission shaft rotates, the first oil guiding structure stirs the lubricating oil and guides the lubricating oil on the first side to the second oil guiding structure, and the second oil guiding structure guides the lubricating oil to the second side.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first oil guiding structure includes a first oil guiding groove disposed at the first end.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first oil guiding structure includes a first oil guiding groove disposed on a first side of the housing.

[0012] In an embodiment of the utility model, an oil guide column is further provided on the first side, and the oil guide column is arranged corresponding to the shaft hole, and the oil guide column is used to guide the lubricating oil in the first oil guide groove to the second oil guide structure.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil guide column gradually decreases from an end away from the shaft hole to an end close to the shaft hole.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first oil guiding groove is a fan-shaped oil guiding groove.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present utility model, the rotation direction of the fan-shaped oil guide groove is consistent with the rotation direction of the transmission shaft;

[0016] And / or, there are at least two fan-shaped oil guiding grooves, and the at least two fan-shaped oil guiding grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference of the transmission shaft.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second oil guiding structure includes a second oil guiding groove provided on the wall of the shaft hole.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second oil guiding groove is a spiral oil guiding groove extending spirally along the axial direction of the transmission shaft.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present utility model, the rotation direction of the spiral oil guide groove close to the first end is consistent with the rotation direction of the transmission shaft;

[0020] And / or, at least two spiral oil guide grooves are provided, and at least two spiral oil guide grooves are evenly spaced and arranged along the circumference of the transmission shaft.

[0021] The utility model also provides a reducer, comprising:

[0022] A housing, wherein the interior of the housing has a first side and a second side, the first side is provided with a first transmission component, and the second side is provided with a second transmission component;

[0023] As mentioned above, the lubrication structure is arranged inside the housing.

[0024] The utility model also provides an electric drive assembly, including the lubrication structure as described above, or including the reducer as described above.

[0025] In the lubrication structure proposed by the utility model, a first oil guiding structure is arranged at at least one position among the first end of the transmission shaft, the first side of the housing, and between the first end and the first side, and a second oil guiding structure is arranged on the hole wall of the shaft hole of the transmission shaft. When the reducer gear throws the lubricating oil to the first side and gathers on the first side, the first oil guiding structure can guide the lubricating oil on the first side to the second oil guiding structure. At the same time, under the rotation of the transmission shaft, the second oil guiding structure can guide the lubricating oil inside it to the second side, that is, the lubricating oil on the first side with more oil accumulation can be transferred to the second side with less oil or no oil, which is beneficial to the balanced distribution of the lubricating oil to each transmission component, so that each transmission component located on the first side and the second side respectively can be fully lubricated.

[0026] In addition, by arranging a first oil guiding structure at at least one of the first end of the transmission shaft, the first side of the shell, and a position between the first end and the first side, as long as the depth of the lubricating oil accumulation reaches the edge of the transmission shaft, the lubricating oil on the first side can be guided to the second oil guiding structure of the shaft hole through the first oil guiding structure, and there is no need for the accumulated oil depth to reach or exceed the shaft hole position before the oil can enter the shaft hole, thereby reducing the use of the reducer lubricating oil, reducing the use cost of the lubricating oil, reducing the oil stirring power loss, and improving the transmission efficiency of the reducer. In this way, uniform lubrication of the transmission components can be achieved even under low oil volume conditions, which can effectively improve the problem of unfavorable balanced distribution of the lubricating oil to the various transmission components.

[0027] In addition, the second oil guide structure has a dynamic pumping effect, which can overcome the gravity of the lubricating oil inside it when it has an inclined angle, so as to pump the lubricating oil on the lower side to the higher side, and can adapt to the driving conditions of the whole vehicle with an inclined angle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the lubrication structure of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2It is a side view of an embodiment of the lubrication structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the lubrication structure of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the reducer of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a housing in an embodiment of a reducer of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a partial structural sectional view of the housing in one embodiment of the reducer of the utility model.

[0035] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0036] Label name Label name 100 reducer 121a First oil guide groove 10 Lubrication structure 121b Oil guide column 11 transmission shaft 122 Second oil guide structure 11a First End 122a Second oil guide groove 11b Second end 20 case 111 Shaft hole 21 First side 12 Oil guide structure 30 Input shaft 121 The first oil guide structure 40 Differential assembly

[0037] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the utility model will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0039] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0040] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the utility model, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the utility model.

[0041] The utility model provides a lubrication structure 10, which aims to improve the problem of unfavorable balanced distribution of lubricating oil among various transmission components.

[0042] The specific structure of the lubrication structure 10 of the utility model will be described below:

[0043] Combined with reference Figures 1 to 6 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the utility model, the lubricating structure 10 is applied to a reducer 100, and the housing 20 of the reducer 100 has a first side 21 and a second side (not shown) arranged opposite to each other;

[0044] The lubrication structure 10 includes a transmission shaft 11 and an oil guiding structure 12; the transmission shaft 11 has a first end 11a and a second end 11b respectively close to the first side 21 and the second side, and the shaft hole 111 of the transmission shaft 11 passes through from the first end 11a to the second end 11b; the oil guiding structure 12 includes a first oil guiding structure 121 and a second oil guiding structure 122, the first oil guiding structure 121 is arranged at least one position of the first end 11a, the first side 21 of the housing 20, and between the first end 11a and the first side 21, and the second oil guiding structure 122 is arranged on the hole wall of the shaft hole 111; wherein, when the transmission shaft 11 rotates, the first oil guiding structure 121 stirs the lubricating oil and guides the lubricating oil on the first side 21 to the second oil guiding structure 122, and the second oil guiding structure 122 guides the lubricating oil to the second side.

[0045] It can be understood that in the lubrication structure 10 proposed by the utility model, a first oil guiding structure 121 is provided at at least one of the first end 11a of the transmission shaft 11, the first side 21 of the housing 20, and between the first end 11a and the first side 21, and a second oil guiding structure 122 is provided on the hole wall of the shaft hole 111 of the transmission shaft 11. When the gear of the reducer 100 throws the lubricating oil to the first side 21 and gathers on the first side 21, the first oil guiding structure 121 can guide the lubricating oil on the first side 21 to the second oil guiding structure 122. At the same time, under the rotation of the transmission shaft 11, the second oil guiding structure 122 can guide the lubricating oil inside it to the second side, that is, the lubricating oil on the first side 21 with more oil accumulation can be transferred to the second side with less oil or no oil, which is beneficial to the balanced distribution of the lubricating oil in each transmission component, so that each transmission component located on the first side 21 and the second side can be fully lubricated.

[0046] In addition, by providing a first oil guiding structure 121 at at least one of the first end 11a of the transmission shaft 11, the first side 21 of the housing 20, and the first end 11a and the first side 21, as long as the accumulated oil depth of the lubricating oil reaches the edge of the transmission shaft 11, the lubricating oil on the first side 21 can be guided to the second oil guiding structure 122 of the shaft hole 111 through the first oil guiding structure 121, and the oil accumulation depth does not need to reach or exceed the position of the shaft hole 111 before entering the shaft hole 111, thereby reducing the amount of lubricating oil used in the reducer 100, reducing the cost of using the lubricating oil, reducing the oil stirring power loss, and improving the transmission efficiency of the reducer 100. In this way, uniform lubrication of the transmission components can be achieved even under low oil volume conditions, which can effectively improve the problem of balanced distribution of the lubricating oil among the transmission components.

[0047] Furthermore, the second oil guiding structure 122 has a dynamic pumping effect, which can overcome the gravity of the lubricating oil inside it when there is an inclined angle, so as to pump the lubricating oil on the lower side to the higher side, and can adapt to the driving conditions of the whole vehicle with an inclined angle.

[0048] In addition, it should be noted that in the case of a dry cavity or insufficient oil, if only the second oil guide structure 122 is provided in the shaft hole 111 of the transmission shaft 11 , it is also impossible to transfer the lubricating oil on the first side 21 to the second side.

[0049] It should be noted that the first side 21 and the second side of the housing 20 of the reducer 100 refer to two inner side walls opposite to each other inside the housing 20, the transmission shaft 11 is arranged between the first side 21 and the second side, and the first end 11a of the transmission shaft 11 is arranged close to the first side 21 and opposite to the first side 21, and the second end 11b of the transmission shaft 11 is arranged close to the second side and opposite to the second side. In addition, the first side 21 is provided with a first transmission component, which may be a first bearing, and the second side is provided with a second transmission component, which may be a second bearing. In this way, by transferring the lubricating oil on the first side 21 with more oil accumulation to the second side with less oil or no oil, the first bearing and the second bearing respectively located on the first side 21 and the second side can be fully lubricated.

[0050] In actual application, the first oil guiding structure 121 can be set only at the first end 11a of the transmission shaft 11; or, the first oil guiding structure 121 can be set only at the first side 21 of the shell 20; or, the first oil guiding structure 121 can be set only between the first end 11a and the first side 21; or, the first oil guiding structure 121 can be set at both the first end 11a of the transmission shaft 11 and the first side 21 of the shell 20.

[0051] In actual application, the first oil guiding structure 121 may be a tank, or a pipe, an oil accumulation tray or other structure capable of guiding flow.

[0052] In actual application, the second oil guiding structure 122 may be a tank body, or a structure such as a pipeline or a pump body that can guide flow.

[0053] Optionally, see Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the present invention, the first oil guiding structure 121 includes a first oil guiding groove 121a provided at the first end 11a.

[0054] In this way, when the gear of the reducer 100 throws the lubricating oil to the first side 21 and gathers on the first side 21, the first oil guide groove 121a arranged at the first end 11a of the transmission shaft 11 can smoothly guide the lubricating oil on the first side 21 to the second oil guide structure 122.

[0055] In actual application, the first oil guide groove 121a can be directly processed on the first end 11a of the transmission shaft 11, or the first oil guide groove 121a can be first processed on an independent part and then the independent part is installed on the first end 11a of the transmission shaft 11.

[0056] Optionally, see Figure 5 , Figure 6 In another embodiment of the lubricating oil of the present invention, the first oil guiding structure 121 includes a first oil guiding groove 121 a provided on the first side 21 of the housing 20 .

[0057] In this way, when the gear of the reducer 100 throws the lubricating oil to the first side 21 and gathers on the first side 21, the first oil guide groove 121a arranged on the first side 21 of the shell 20 can also smoothly guide the lubricating oil on the first side 21 to the second oil guide structure 122.

[0058] In actual application, the first oil guiding groove 121 a may be directly machined on the first side 21 of the housing 20 , or the first oil guiding groove 121 a may be firstly machined on an independent part and then the independent part is mounted on the first side 21 of the housing 20 .

[0059] Optionally, see Figure 5 , Figure 6 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the utility model, the first side 21 is further provided with an oil guide column 121b, which is arranged corresponding to the shaft hole 111, and the oil guide column 121b is used to guide the lubricating oil in the first oil guide groove 121a to the second oil guide structure 122.

[0060] With such arrangement, when the gear of the reducer 100 throws the lubricating oil toward the first side 21 , the lubricating oil will gather in the first oil guiding groove 121a , and then the lubricating oil in the first oil guiding groove 121a will be guided to the second oil guiding structure 122 through the oil guiding column 121b , so that the lubricating oil can smoothly enter the second oil guiding structure 122 .

[0061] In actual application, the oil guide column 121 b can be an integrally formed structure with the housing 20 , or can be an independent structure to be installed on the first side 21 of the housing 20 .

[0062] Optionally, see Figure 6 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil guide column 121 b gradually decreases from an end away from the shaft hole 111 to an end close to the shaft hole 111 .

[0063] Such an arrangement can make the tip of the oil guide column 121b with a smaller cross-sectional area closer to the shaft hole 111, so that the lubricating oil in the first oil guide groove 121a can enter the second oil guide structure 122 more smoothly under the guidance of the oil guide column 121b.

[0064] Optionally, the oil guide column 121b may be a conical structure.

[0065] Optionally, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the present utility model, the first oil guide groove 121a is a fan-shaped oil guide groove.

[0066] In this way, by designing the first oil guide groove 121a as a fan-shaped oil guide groove, the width of the first oil guide groove 121a can be gradually increased from the center to the edge of the transmission shaft 11, that is, the width of the first oil guide groove 121a close to the edge of the transmission shaft 11 is larger, so that the lubricating oil on the first side 21 can better enter the first oil guide groove 121a, and then the lubricating oil is gradually gathered to the end of the first oil guide groove 121a close to the shaft hole 111, so that the lubricating oil can be smoothly guided to the second oil guide structure 122.

[0067] Optionally, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the present utility model, the rotation direction of the fan-shaped oil guide groove is consistent with the rotation direction of the transmission shaft 11.

[0068] With such arrangement, during the rotation of the transmission shaft 11, the lubricating oil on the first side 21 can enter the fan-shaped oil guide groove better, and the lubricating oil can be guided from the edge to the center of the transmission shaft 11 to smoothly enter the second oil guide structure 122. Furthermore, when the fan-shaped guide groove is arranged at the first end 11a of the transmission shaft 11, by making the rotation direction of the fan-shaped oil guide groove consistent with the rotation direction of the transmission shaft 11, during the rotation of the transmission shaft 11, the lubricating oil in the fan-shaped guide groove can be prevented from being thrown out.

[0069] Optionally, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the utility model, at least two fan-shaped oil guide grooves are provided, and the at least two fan-shaped oil guide grooves are evenly spaced and arranged along the circumference of the transmission shaft 11.

[0070] With such configuration, the lubricating oil on the first side 21 can be simultaneously guided to the second oil guiding structure 122 through at least two fan-shaped oil guiding grooves, so that the lubricating oil enters the second oil guiding structure 122 evenly and quickly under the guidance of at least two fan-shaped oil guiding grooves.

[0071] Optionally, see Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the present invention, the second oil guiding structure 122 includes a second oil guiding groove 122 a provided on the wall of the shaft hole 111 .

[0072] With such a configuration, the lubricating oil on the first side 21 can be guided to the second oil guiding groove 122a through the first oil guiding structure 121. Meanwhile, under the rotation of the transmission shaft 11, the second oil guiding groove 122a can better guide the lubricating oil inside to the second side to achieve balanced distribution of the lubricating oil.

[0073] In actual application, the second oil guide groove 122a can be directly machined on the wall of the shaft hole 111; however, under certain conditions, it may be difficult or impossible to directly machine the second oil guide groove 122a on the wall of the shaft hole 111. The second oil guide groove 122a can be first machined on an independent part and then the part is assembled into the shaft hole 111.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first oil guiding groove 121 a and the second oil guiding groove 122 a may be integrated into an independent component, and then the component is mounted on the transmission shaft 11 .

[0075] Optionally, see Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the present utility model, the second oil guide groove 122 a is a spiral oil guide groove extending spirally along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 11 .

[0076] With such arrangement, during the rotation of the transmission shaft 11, the lubricating oil can flow around in the spiral oil guide groove, which can play a role of dynamic pumping. In this way, when there is an inclined angle, the gravity of the lubricating oil inside can be overcome to pump the lubricating oil on the lower side to the higher side, thereby adapting to the driving conditions of the whole vehicle with an inclined angle.

[0077] Optionally, see Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the present utility model, the rotation direction of the spiral oil guide groove close to the first end 11 a is consistent with the rotation direction of the transmission shaft 11 .

[0078] With such a configuration, during the rotation of the transmission shaft 11, the lubricating oil in the first oil guide structure 121 can be better allowed to enter the spiral oil guide groove, and the lubricating oil can be better guided from the first end 11a to the second end 11b, so as to smoothly guide the lubricating oil to the second side. Furthermore, by making the rotation direction of the spiral oil guide groove close to the first end 11a consistent with the rotation direction of the transmission shaft 11, during the rotation of the transmission shaft 11, the lubricating oil in the spiral guide groove can be prevented from being thrown out.

[0079] Optionally, see Figure 2 In one embodiment of the lubricating oil of the present utility model, at least two spiral oil guide grooves are provided, and the at least two spiral oil guide grooves are evenly spaced and arranged along the circumference of the transmission shaft 11.

[0080] With such configuration, the lubricating oil in the first oil guiding structure 121 can be simultaneously guided to the second side through at least two spiral oil guiding grooves, so that the lubricating oil is uniformly and quickly guided to the second side under the guidance of at least two spiral oil guiding grooves.

[0081] Combined with reference Figures 4 to 6 The utility model also proposes a reducer 100, which includes a housing 20 and the lubricating structure 10 as described above. The specific structure of the lubricating structure 10 refers to the above embodiment. Since the reducer 100 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here. The housing 20 has a first side 21 and a second side inside, the first side 21 is provided with a first transmission component, and the second side is provided with a second transmission component; the lubricating structure 10 is arranged inside the housing 20.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first transmission component may be a first bearing, and the second transmission component may be a second bearing. Under the guidance of the first oil guiding structure 121 and the second oil guiding structure 122, the lubricating oil on the first side 21 with more oil accumulation can be transferred to the second side with less oil or no oil, so that the first bearing and the second bearing located on the first side 21 and the second side, respectively, can be fully lubricated.

[0083] In some embodiments, the reducer 100 also includes an input shaft 30 and a differential assembly 40, and the input shaft 30 and the differential assembly 40 can be arranged next to the drive shaft 11, wherein the drive shaft 11 can be sleeved with a first gear and a second gear so that the first gear is engaged with the input shaft 30, and the second gear is engaged with the differential gear ring of the differential assembly 40, so that the input shaft 30 can drive the drive shaft 11 to rotate through the first gear, so that the drive shaft 11 drives the differential assembly 40 to rotate through the second gear.

[0084] The utility model also proposes an electric drive assembly, which includes the lubrication structure 10 as described above or the reducer 100 as described above. The specific structure of the lubrication structure 10 or the reducer 100 refers to the above embodiments. Since the reducer 100 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0085] Specifically, the electric drive assembly can be an electric vehicle, a hydrogen combustion vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a traditional transmission, and the like.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubrication structure, applied to a reducer, wherein the reducer housing has a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other, characterized in that: The lubrication structure comprises: A transmission shaft, the transmission shaft having a first end and a second end respectively close to the first side and the second side, and an axial hole of the transmission shaft extending from the first end to the second end; An oil guide structure, the oil guide structure comprising a first oil guide structure and a second oil guide structure, the first oil guide structure being disposed at at least one of the first end, the first side of the housing, and between the first end and the first side, and the second oil guide structure being disposed at a hole wall of the shaft hole; When the transmission shaft rotates, the first oil guiding structure stirs the lubricating oil and guides the lubricating oil on the first side to the second oil guiding structure, and the second oil guiding structure guides the lubricating oil to the second side.

2. The lubrication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oil guiding structure includes a first oil guiding groove disposed at the first end.

3. The lubrication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oil guiding structure includes a first oil guiding groove disposed on a first side of the housing.

4. The lubrication structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first side is also provided with an oil guide column, which is arranged corresponding to the shaft hole and is used to guide the lubricating oil in the first oil guide groove to the second oil guide structure.

5. The lubrication structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the oil guide column gradually decreases from an end away from the shaft hole to an end close to the shaft hole.

6. The lubrication structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The first oil guiding groove is a fan-shaped oil guiding groove.

7. The lubrication structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotation direction of the fan-shaped oil guide groove is consistent with the rotation direction of the transmission shaft; And / or, there are at least two fan-shaped oil guiding grooves, and the at least two fan-shaped oil guiding grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference of the transmission shaft.

8. The lubrication structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The second oil guiding structure includes a second oil guiding groove arranged on the wall of the shaft hole.

9. The lubrication structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second oil guiding groove is a spiral oil guiding groove extending spirally along the axial direction of the transmission shaft.

10. The lubrication structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rotation direction of the spiral oil guide groove close to the first end is consistent with the rotation direction of the transmission shaft; And / or, at least two spiral oil guide grooves are provided, and at least two spiral oil guide grooves are evenly spaced and arranged along the circumference of the transmission shaft.

11. A reducer, characterized in that: include: A housing, wherein the interior of the housing has a first side and a second side, the first side is provided with a first transmission component, and the second side is provided with a second transmission component; The lubrication structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the lubrication structure is arranged inside the housing.

12. An electric drive assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises the lubrication structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, or comprises the reducer according to claim 11.

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