Fuel cell system and fuel cell automobile

Abstract

The utility model provides a fuel cell system and a fuel cell automobile, and relates to the technical field of fuel cell systems. The fuel cell system comprises a galvanic pile shell and a first air inlet pipe, the galvanic pile shell is provided with a cavity for installing a galvanic pile and is provided with a first input port and an output port which are communicated with the cavity, and the output port is used for being communicated with a tail discharge pipe fluid; one end of the first air inlet pipe is communicated with the first input port, and the other end is communicated with a compressed air tank; the first air inlet pipe is provided with a throttling valve. The fuel cell system provided by the utility model solves the technical problem that the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell is high after the fuel cell is shut down in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cell systems, in particular to a fuel cell system and a fuel cell vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells consist of a core and a shell. The core will slowly leak hydrogen, causing the hydrogen concentration in the shell to increase, posing a safety hazard. In order to dilute the hydrogen in the shell, air is usually introduced into the shell for purge and dilution, and the purged gas is connected to the tail exhaust and released into the atmosphere.

[0003] In the prior art, when a fuel cell is turned off and then turned on again, it may not be turned on normally. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a fuel cell system and a fuel cell vehicle to alleviate the technical problem of high hydrogen concentration in the stack casing after the fuel cell is shut down in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0006] In a first aspect, the fuel cell system provided by the utility model comprises:

[0007] A stack housing, the stack housing having a chamber for mounting the stack, and being provided with a first input port and an output port communicating with the chamber, the output port being used for communicating with a tail pipe fluid;

[0008] A first air intake pipe, one end of which is connected to the first input port, and the other end of which is used to be connected to the compressed air tank; a throttle valve is installed on the first air intake pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the throttle valve is configured to be normally open when power is off and normally closed when power is on.

[0010] Furthermore, the first intake pipe is also provided with a first one-way valve, and the first one-way valve and the throttle valve are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first intake pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the fuel cell system also includes an air compressor, which is connected to the compressed gas tank through a first pipeline, and the first pipeline is equipped with a second one-way valve.

[0012] Furthermore, the stack shell is provided with a second input port connected to the chamber, the fuel cell system includes a second air intake pipe, the second input port is connected to the air compressor through the second air intake pipe, and the second air intake pipe is provided with a flow control valve.

[0013] Furthermore, the first input port and the second input port are arranged on the same side wall of the fuel cell stack housing.

[0014] Furthermore, the first input port and the output port are respectively arranged on opposite side walls of the stack housing.

[0015] In a second aspect, the fuel cell vehicle provided by the present utility model comprises a fuel cell system as described in any one of the above items;

[0016] It also includes a brake system, which includes a compressor and a first compressed air tank, the first compressed air tank is the compressed air tank, and the compressor is connected to the compressed air tank.

[0017] Furthermore, the brake system includes a brake device, the brake device includes a brake air chamber, and the compressed air tank is connected to the brake air chamber.

[0018] Furthermore, the compressor is connected to the compressed gas tank through a second pipeline, and a third one-way valve is installed on the second pipeline.

[0019] Based on the above technical solutions, the technical effects that can be achieved by the present invention are analyzed as follows:

[0020] The fuel cell system provided by the utility model includes a fuel cell stack shell and a first air intake pipe. The fuel cell stack shell has a chamber for installing the fuel cell stack, and is provided with a first input port and an output port connected to the chamber, and the output port is used to be connected to the tail exhaust pipe fluid; one end of the first air intake pipe is connected to the first input port, and the other end is used to be connected to the compressed gas tank; the first air intake pipe is installed with a throttle valve.

[0021] Fuel cell vehicles are equipped with a compressed gas tank, which will be filled to capacity after the fuel cell system is shut down and before the vehicle is powered off.

[0022] The compressed gas tank is connected to the stack shell through the first air inlet pipe. After the fuel cell system is shut down, the gas in the compressed gas tank can be input into the stack shell through the first air inlet pipe to purge the chamber of the stack shell and reduce the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell. The throttle valve installed in the first air inlet pipe can reduce the pressure of the gas output from the compressed gas tank to a pressure that the stack shell can withstand.

[0023] The fuel cell system utilizes the existing compressed gas tanks of fuel cell vehicles. The compressed gas tanks have a strong gas storage capacity and can effectively reduce the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell after the fuel cell system is shut down. The system can perfectly match the slow leakage characteristics of hydrogen and provide continuous air for purging when hydrogen leaks a lot. It also makes full use of the original devices of fuel cell vehicles without affecting the normal use of fuel cell vehicles, making it easy to make design changes at a later stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell vehicle provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] icon:

[0028] 100 - stack shell; 200 - first air inlet pipe; 210 - throttle valve; 220 - first one-way valve; 300 - air compressor; 310 - second air inlet pipe; 320 - first pipeline; 321 - second one-way valve; 410 - brake device; 420 - compressed air tank; 430 - compressor; 440 - second pipeline; 441 - third one-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] As described in the background technology, there is a situation in the prior art where the machine cannot be started normally. The inventors have found that the reason for this problem is that when the machine is started again, the system hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard, resulting in the fuel cell being unable to start normally. Furthermore, the inventors found that after shutdown, the purge system could not continue to purge, resulting in leakage of the stack or backflow of tail exhaust after the fuel cell is shut down, causing the hydrogen concentration in the shell to increase. In this case, the service life of the shell hydrogen concentration sensor will be shortened in mild cases, and the safety standard of the hydrogen concentration will be exceeded in severe cases, resulting in an alarm for excessive hydrogen concentration in the system, and then the machine cannot be started.

[0036] Based on the above reasons, the fuel cell system provided by the utility model includes a stack shell 100 and a first air intake pipe 200. The stack shell 100 has a chamber for installing the stack, and is provided with a first input port and an output port connected to the chamber, the output port is used to connect with the tail exhaust pipe fluid; one end of the first air intake pipe 200 is connected to the first input port, and the other end is used to connect with the compressed gas tank 420; the first air intake pipe 200 is installed with a throttle valve 210; after the fuel cell system is shut down, the gas in the compressed gas tank 420 is input from the first air intake pipe 200 into the stack shell 100, the chamber of the stack shell 100 is purged, and the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 100 is reduced. This solves the problem that the hydrogen concentration in the chamber of the stack shell 100 is too high after the fuel cell is shut down, resulting in the inability to start normally.

[0037] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] In the prior art, a purge system for diluting hydrogen in a shell includes a purge inlet pipe, a purge outlet pipe and an air compressor. The two ends of the purge inlet pipe are respectively connected to the shell and the air compressor, and the two ends of the purge exhaust pipe are respectively connected to the shell and the tail pipe. During the operation and on / off stages of the fuel cell, the air compressor operates to deliver air to the shell to control the hydrogen concentration in the shell. However, after the fuel cell is shut down, the purge system cannot purge or cannot be controlled.

[0040] In view of this, the fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes a stack shell 100 and a first air intake pipe 200. The stack shell 100 has a chamber for installing the stack, and is provided with a first input port and an output port connected to the chamber, and the output port is used to connect with the tail exhaust pipe fluid; one end of the first air intake pipe 200 is connected to the first input port, and the other end is used to connect with the compressed gas tank 420; the first air intake pipe 200 is installed with a throttle valve 210.

[0041] Specifically, the output port of the stack housing 100 is connected to the tail exhaust pipe through an exhaust pipe, so that the exhaust gas is directed into the tail exhaust pipe for unified treatment.

[0042] The fuel cell vehicle will be equipped with a compressed gas tank 420. After the fuel cell system of the fuel cell vehicle is shut down, the compressed gas tank 420 will be filled with pressure before the whole vehicle is powered off. The compressed gas tank 420 can be a compressed gas tank 420 used to provide a compressed gas source for the vehicle brake system. Of course, the scheme that the compressed gas tank 420 with other uses equipped in the fuel cell vehicle is connected to the first air intake pipe 200 in the fuel cell system should also be within the protection scope of the embodiment of the utility model. The compressed gas tank 420 is connected to the stack housing 100 through the first air intake pipe 200. After the fuel cell system is shut down, the gas in the compressed gas tank 420 can be input from the first air intake pipe 200 into the stack housing 100 to purge the chamber of the stack housing 100 and reduce the hydrogen concentration in the stack housing 100. The throttle valve 210 installed in the first air intake pipe 200 can reduce the pressure of the gas output from the compressed gas tank 420 to the pressure that the stack housing 100 can withstand. The fuel cell system utilizes the existing compressed gas tank 420 of the fuel cell vehicle. The compressed gas tank 420 has a strong gas storage capacity and can effectively reduce the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 100 after the fuel cell system is shut down. The system can perfectly match the slow leakage characteristics of hydrogen and provide continuous air for purging when hydrogen leaks a lot. Moreover, without affecting the normal use of the fuel cell vehicle, the original device of the fuel cell vehicle is fully utilized, which makes it easy to make design changes at a later stage.

[0043] The structure of the fuel cell system is described in detail below:

[0044] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the utility model, the throttle valve 210 is set to be normally open when the power is off and normally closed when the power is on.

[0045] Specifically, the throttle valve 210 is normally open when the fuel cell system is powered off, and is normally closed when the fuel cell system is powered on.

[0046] The throttle valve 210 can reduce the pressure of the gas output from the compressed gas tank 420 to a pressure that the stack shell 100 can withstand, and open after the fuel cell system is powered off, so that the gas in the compressed gas tank 420 can be input into the stack shell 100 to continuously purge the stack shell 100. It is closed when the fuel cell system is powered on, which does not affect the normal use of the brake system.

[0047] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the utility model, the first air intake pipe 200 is further installed with a first one-way valve 220 , and the first one-way valve 220 and the throttle valve 210 are arranged at intervals.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, see Figure 1The first one-way valve 220 is located on the side of the throttle valve 210 close to the stack shell 100; under normal circumstances, because the pressure of the compressed gas tank 420 is greater than the pressure in the chamber of the stack shell 100, the gas flowing out of the compressed gas tank 420 will flow into the stack shell 100; installing the first one-way valve 220 on the first air inlet pipe 200 can avoid abnormal situations such as backflow of the first air inlet pipe 200 caused by low pressure in the compressed gas tank 420, thereby improving the safety of the fuel cell system.

[0049] The first air intake pipe 200 is installed with a first one-way valve 220 to control the flow direction of the gas in the first air intake pipe 200 from the compressed gas tank 420 to the fuel cell stack housing 100 .

[0050] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the utility model, the fuel cell system further includes an air compressor 300 , and the air compressor 300 is connected to the compressed gas tank 420 through a first pipeline 320 , and the first pipeline 320 is installed with a second one-way valve 321 .

[0051] The air compressor 300 provides compressed gas to the compressed gas tank 420 , so that the compressed gas tank 420 can provide purge gas into the fuel cell stack housing 100 .

[0052] In an optional solution of an embodiment of the utility model, the stack shell 100 is provided with a second input port connected to the chamber, and the fuel cell system also includes a second air intake pipe 310, one end of the second air intake pipe 310 is connected to the air compressor 300 fluid, and the other end is connected to the second input port.

[0053] A flow control valve is installed at one end of the second air inlet pipe 310 close to the stack housing 100, that is, when the flow control valve is opened, the second air inlet pipe 310 delivers gas into the stack housing 100. Preferably, the flow control valve is configured as a solenoid valve. The flow control valve is used to adjust the gas flow rate of the second air inlet pipe 310 input into the stack housing 100 to control the purge or stop of the stack housing 100.

[0054] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the utility model, the first input port and the second input port are arranged on the same side wall of the fuel cell stack housing 100 .

[0055] Specifically, the stack housing 100 may be configured as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube or a cylinder, and the first input port and the second input port are located on the same side wall of the stack housing 100 ; if the stack housing 100 is configured as a cylinder, the first input port and the second input port are located on the same end face of the stack housing 100 or on the peripheral wall of the stack housing 100 .

[0056] The first input port and the second input port are located on the same side wall of the stack housing 100 , and the first air intake pipe 200 and the second air intake pipe 310 are located on the same side of the stack housing 100 , which facilitates the installation of the first air intake pipe 200 and the second air intake pipe 310 .

[0057] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the present utility model, the first input port and the output port are respectively arranged on opposite side walls of the stack housing 100 .

[0058] Specifically, the gas output from the compressed gas tank 420 enters the chamber of the stack housing 100 from the first input port, and the gas passes through the chamber of the stack housing 100 and is discharged from the output port to the tail pipe with the hydrogen or water vapor in the stack housing 100. Preferably, the first input port is provided at the bottom wall of the stack housing 100, and the output port is provided at the top wall of the stack. Of course, the solution in which the first input port and the output port are respectively provided at the left and right side walls of the stack housing 100 should also be within the protection scope of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0059] The first input port and the output port are respectively disposed on opposite side walls of the stack housing 100 to extend the flow path of the gas inside the stack housing 100 , so that the hydrogen or water vapor inside the stack housing 100 can be cleaned more thoroughly.

[0060] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the utility model, a hydrogen concentration sensor is installed in the fuel cell stack housing 100 .

[0061] Specifically, the hydrogen concentration sensor may be disposed inside or at an output port of the stack housing 100 .

[0062] The hydrogen concentration in the stack housing 100 is reduced by the first intake pipe 200 and the second intake pipe 310 , so that the service life of the hydrogen concentration sensor can be increased.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] The fuel cell vehicle provided in the embodiment of the utility model includes the fuel cell system described in the first embodiment, and therefore also has all the beneficial effects in the first embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0065] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the utility model, the fuel cell vehicle also includes a braking system, and the braking system also includes a compressor 430 and a first compressed gas tank, the first compressed gas tank is the compressed gas tank 420, and the compressor 430 is connected to the compressed gas tank 420.

[0066] Specifically, the compressor 430 provides gas to the compressed gas tank 420 .

[0067] See also Figure 2The compressed gas tank 420 has a strong gas storage capacity and the compressor 430 of the fuel cell vehicle can supply compressed gas to the compressed gas tank 420, which can effectively reduce the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 100 after the fuel cell system is shut down, and can perfectly match the slow leakage characteristics of hydrogen, providing continuous air for purging when hydrogen leaks a lot; and without affecting the normal use of the fuel cell vehicle, the compressed gas tank 420 of the fuel cell vehicle's brake system is fully utilized, which is easy to make design changes in the later stage.

[0068] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the utility model, the compressor 430 is connected to the compressed gas tank 420 through a second pipeline 440, and a third one-way valve 441 is installed on the second pipeline 440.

[0069] A third one-way valve 441 is installed on the second pipeline 440 to control the flow direction of the gas in the second pipeline 440 from the compressor 430 to the compressed gas tank 420 .

[0070] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the utility model, the brake system includes a brake device 410, the brake device 410 includes a brake air chamber, and the compressed air tank 420 is connected to the brake air chamber.

[0071] The high-pressure gas in the compressed gas tank 420 flows into the brake air chamber, and the brake air chamber pushes the brake pad to rub the brake drum, thereby reducing the vehicle speed or stopping the vehicle.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: A stack housing (100), the stack housing (100) having a chamber for mounting the stack, and being provided with a first input port and an output port communicating with the chamber, the output port being used for communicating with a tail pipe fluid; A first air intake pipe (200), one end of which is connected to the first input port, and the other end of which is used to be connected to a compressed air tank (420); a throttle valve (210) is installed on the first air intake pipe (200).

2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The throttle valve (210) is configured to be normally open when the fuel cell system is powered off, and normally closed when powered on.

3. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air intake pipe (200) is also provided with a first one-way valve (220), and the first one-way valve (220) and the throttle valve (210) are arranged at intervals.

4. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell system further comprises an air compressor (300), wherein the air compressor (300) is connected to the compressed gas tank (420) via a first pipeline (320), and the first pipeline (320) is provided with a second one-way valve (321).

5. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stack housing (100) is provided with a second input port connected to the chamber, the fuel cell system comprises a second air intake pipe (310), the second input port is connected to the air compressor (300) via the second air intake pipe (310), and the second air intake pipe (310) is provided with a flow control valve.

6. The fuel cell system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first input port and the second input port are arranged on the same side wall of the fuel cell stack casing (100).

7. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first input port and the output port are respectively arranged on opposite side walls of the stack housing (100).

8. A fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: A fuel cell system comprising any one of claims 1 to 7; It also includes a brake system, which includes a compressor (430) and a first compressed gas tank, the first compressed gas tank is the compressed gas tank (420), and the compressor (430) is connected to the compressed gas tank (420).

9. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The brake system comprises a brake device (410), the brake device (410) comprises a brake air chamber, and the compressed air tank (420) is in communication with the brake air chamber.

10. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The compressor (430) is connected to the compressed gas tank (420) via a second pipeline (440), and a third one-way valve (441) is installed on the second pipeline (440).

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