Odd-layer flat wire stator and motor

Abstract

The utility model relates to an odd-layer flat wire stator, which comprises a stator iron core, a plurality of stator grooves are formed in the stator iron core along the circumferential direction of the stator iron core in an array manner, the plurality of stator grooves extend towards the radial outer side along the inner wall of the stator iron core, and the plurality of stator grooves penetrate through the stator iron core along the axial direction of the stator iron core; the stator core is provided with 4L stator slots, and L is a positive integer; the windings are inserted into the multiple stator grooves of the stator core, the windings form M layers in each stator groove of the multiple stator grooves in the radial direction of the stator core, and M is an odd number and is larger than or equal to 3; the winding comprises multiple phases of sub-windings; the multi-phase sub-windings are rotationally and symmetrically arranged about the axis of the stator core, each phase in the multi-phase sub-windings comprises two parallel branches, one of the two parallel branches comprises a plurality of conductors which are connected in series, and the plurality of conductors comprise a plurality of hairpin wires with the same pitch. The odd-number-layer winding can solve the technical problem that even-number-layer windings cannot meet power and torque at the same time when a specific boundary is designed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to an odd-number-layer flat wire stator and a motor. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, flat wire motors have been increasingly used in the field of new energy vehicles due to their advantages such as high slot fill rate, good heat dissipation effect and low height of winding ends. Compared with traditional round wire motors, the peak and continuous power of flat wire motors have been greatly improved. Flat wire motors include rotors and flat wire stators. Flat wire stators include iron cores, insulating paper and flat wire windings. Flat wire windings are connected and welded by hairpin coils inserted into the iron core slots. Its composition structure and connection sequence have an important influence on the performance and process of flat wire motors. The fewer types of hairpin coil structures used, the lower the difficulty of the production process and the higher the production efficiency. The more types of hairpin coil structures used, the lower the production efficiency.

[0003] In the existing flat wire stator winding design, even-layer windings are mostly used. At a specific design boundary, technical problems may arise in which both power and torque cannot be met at the same time. At the same time, the winding scheme design mostly uses a variety of span hairpin coil connections, resulting in a variety of line types and high end heights, which leads to difficult production processes, low production efficiency, and high costs. In addition, the stator windings mostly use a slot distribution structure with the same slot and the same phase, and the winding has a high harmonic content. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an odd-layer flat wire stator and a motor. The specific technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] A flat wire stator with an odd number of layers comprises a stator core, wherein the stator core has a plurality of stator slots arranged in a circumferential array, the plurality of stator slots extending radially outward along the inner wall of the stator core, and the plurality of stator slots passing through the stator core in the axial direction of the stator core; the stator core has 4L stator slots, where L is a positive integer; and a winding, wherein the winding is inserted into the plurality of stator slots of the stator core, and the winding forms M layers in the radial direction of the stator core inside each of the plurality of stator slots, where M is an odd number and M≥3; the winding comprises a multi-phase sub-winding; the multi-phase sub-winding is rotationally symmetrically arranged about the axis of the stator core, and each phase in the multi-phase sub-winding comprises two parallel branches, and one of the two parallel branches comprises a plurality of conductors connected in series, and the plurality of conductors comprises a plurality of hairpin wires with the same pitch. The present application forms windings of odd number of layers, and this arrangement can solve the technical problem that windings of even number of layers cannot meet the power and torque requirements at the same time when a certain design boundary is encountered.

[0006] Optionally, the winding method of each of the two parallel branches is: multiple hairpin wires are arranged in the same layer of the first layer of the stator slots along the stator core, and multiple hairpin wires are arranged in the other two adjacent layers, so as to facilitate the insertion of multiple hairpin wires.

[0007] Optionally, each of the two parallel branches is continuously wound from the Mth layer of the stator slot of the stator core to the first layer along the A direction of the circumferential direction of the stator core, and then continuously wound from the first layer of the stator slot in the radial direction of the stator core to the Mth layer in the direction opposite to A, and a total of M turns are formed according to the above winding method. The winding method is simple, and this winding method makes the height of both ends of the winding lower, which can reduce the cost of the motor.

[0008] Optionally, each of the two parallel branches is wound along the circumferential direction A of the stator core to form (M+1) / 2 turns, and then wound along the circumferential direction of the stator core in the opposite direction to A to form (M-1) / 2 turns. The winding method is simple, and this winding method makes the height of both ends of the winding lower, which can reduce the cost of the motor.

[0009] Optionally, each of the two parallel branches includes a plurality of winding units, and a plurality of hairpin wires of each winding unit are wound from the Mth layer of the stator slot of the stator core to the first layer along the A direction of the circumference of the stator core, and then wound from the first layer of the stator slot of the stator core to the Mth layer in the direction opposite to A. The winding method is simple, and this winding method makes the height of both ends of the winding lower, which can reduce the cost of the motor.

[0010] Optionally, the plurality of conductors include a plurality of hairpin wires with a pitch of y, where y=t+1, where t is the pole pitch, and t=the number of stator slots / the number of poles; and the plurality of hairpin wires include M-2 types of wires. Therefore, the types of wires of the hairpin wires are small, which greatly simplifies the connection method of the winding, reduces the process difficulty, and improves the production efficiency.

[0011] Optionally, the number of slots per pole per phase is 2, and the conductors between adjacent layers of the plurality of stator slots per pole per phase are staggered by one stator slot along the circumferential direction of the stator core, so that the winding can form a same-slot-different-phase structure, and the harmonic content of the winding can be reduced, so as to improve the efficiency of the motor.

[0012] Optionally, the number of conductors of the same phase arranged in adjacent stator slots is (M+1) / 2, M, (M-1) / 2, which facilitates the winding to form a same slot different phase structure, and can reduce the harmonic content of the winding, so as to improve the efficiency of the motor.

[0013] Optionally, the winding includes a U-phase winding, the U-phase winding includes a first branch and a second branch connected in parallel, the lead-in end of the first branch is adjacent to the lead-in end of the second branch; the lead-in end and the lead-out end of the first branch and the second branch are both arranged at the Mth layer of the stator slot along the stator core. This winding method makes the lead-out positions of multiple hairpin wires relatively concentrated, which is convenient for the design of lead-out copper bars or busbars.

[0014] A motor comprises a rotating shaft; a rotor, the rotor being sleeved on the rotating shaft; and any one of the flat wire stators described above, the flat wire stator being coaxially arranged with the rotor. The motor is used to drive a vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present invention are described below, which explains the present invention in more detail based on embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flat wire stator of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the flat wire stator of the utility model from another perspective;

[0018] Figure 3 It is an axial schematic diagram of the stator core of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the stator core of the utility model when it is fully filled with conductors;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first hairpin line of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second hairpin line of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a winding diagram of the first branch and the second branch of the U-phase winding in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a winding diagram of the first branch and the second branch of the W-phase winding in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Fig. 9 It is a winding diagram of the first branch and the second branch of the V-phase winding in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Fig.10 It is a winding diagram of the first branch and the second branch of the U-phase winding of the second embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Fig.11It is a winding diagram of the first branch and the second branch of the W-phase winding of the second embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Fig.12 This is a winding diagram of the first branch and the second branch of the V-phase winding in the second embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] Among them, the main marks of the drawings in the figure are as follows:

[0029] 1- stator core, 11- stator slot, 12- round hole, 2- winding, 2a- crown end, 2b- welding end, 21- first branch, 22- second branch, 3- conductor, 4- first hairpin wire, 5- second hairpin wire, 41a, 51a- left plug-in section, 41b, 51b- right plug-in section, 43, 53- connection section, 42a, 52a- left torsion section, 42b, 52b- right torsion section DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] An odd-layer flat wire stator, comprising a stator core 1, the stator core 1 is a hollow columnar structure, the stator core 1 has an inner wall close to its center, the stator core 1 is provided with a plurality of stator slots 11, the plurality of stator slots 11 penetrate the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core 1, the plurality of stator slots 11 extend radially from the inner side of the stator core 1, and the plurality of stator slots 11 are distributed in a circumferential array along the stator core 1; the stator core 1 is provided with 4L stator slots, L is a positive integer; and a winding 2 The winding 2 is inserted into a plurality of stator slots of the stator core 1, and the winding 2 forms M layers along the radial direction of the stator core 1 inside each stator slot 11 of the plurality of stator slots, where M is an odd number and M≥3; the winding 2 includes a multi-phase sub-winding; the multi-phase sub-winding is rotationally symmetrically arranged about the axis of the stator core 1, and each phase in the multi-phase sub-winding includes two parallel branches, and the two parallel branches include a plurality of conductors 3 connected in series, and the plurality of conductors 3 include a plurality of hairpin wires with the same pitch.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the stator core 1 of this embodiment is a hollow cylindrical structure. The stator core 1 has an inner wall close to the center of the stator core 1 in the radial direction. The stator core 1 is provided with a plurality of stator slots 11 penetrating the stator core 1 in the axial direction. The plurality of stator slots 11 are distributed in a circumferential array along the stator core 1. The plurality of stator slots 11 extend radially from the inner wall of the stator core 1. The stator core 1 of this embodiment has 48 stator slots 11. For ease of understanding, the number of each stator slot 11 is defined along the circumference of the stator core 1. It should be noted that the starting position of each branch can select any stator slot 11. This embodiment only provides an explanation of one embodiment. The stator core 1 is also provided with a plurality of circular holes 12 for fixing bolts. Four circular holes 12 are provided in this embodiment, and a plurality of stator punchings are fixedly connected by bolts. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the winding 2 is formed by winding a plurality of conductors 3 in a plurality of stator slots 11. The cross-section of the conductor 3 used in this example includes but is not limited to a rectangle, and may also be a flat cross-section such as a trapezoid, that is, a flat wire winding. The use of a flat wire winding facilitates improving the slot filling rate of the winding 2, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor; the plurality of conductors 3 form M layers in the radial direction of the stator core in the plurality of stator slots 11, M is an odd number and M≥3, in this example M=5, so the winding 2 forms 5 layers in each stator slot 11, for ease of understanding, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, the fourth layer and the fifth layer are defined in sequence from the end farthest from the center of the stator core 1 toward the center of the circle; in another embodiment, the first layer to the fifth layer are defined in sequence from the end close to the center of the stator core toward the radial direction away from the center of the circle. The winding methods of the two embodiments are the same, and this embodiment is also within the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] In some embodiments, the winding method of any one of the two parallel branches is: multiple hairpin wires are crossed in the same layer of the first layer along the stator slots 11 of the stator core 1, and multiple hairpin wires are crossed in every other two adjacent layers.

[0035] Take the first branch of the U-phase winding as an example. Figure 7 As shown, two plug-in sections of multiple card hairpins are spanned on the same layer of the first layer, such as one plug-in section of one of the card hairpins is set in slot No. 1 on the first layer, and the other plug-in section is set in slot No. 8 on the first layer; two plug-in sections of multiple card hairpins are spanned on adjacent layers between the second layer and the third layer and between the fourth layer and the third layer, such as one plug-in section of one of the card hairpins is set in slot No. 1 on the third layer, and the other plug-in section is set in slot No. 8 on the second layer; for example, one plug-in section of one of the card hairpins is set in slot No. 1 on the fifth layer, and the other plug-in section is set in slot No. 8 on the fourth layer.

[0036] In some embodiments, each of the two parallel branches is continuously wound from the Mth layer of the stator slots of the stator core 1 to the 1st layer along the circumferential direction A of the stator core 1, and then continuously wound from the 1st layer of the stator slots of the stator core 1 to the Mth layer in the direction opposite to A, and a total of M turns are formed according to the above winding method.

[0037] In some embodiments, each of the two parallel branches is wound along the circumferential direction A of the stator core 1 to form (M+1) / 2 turns, and then wound along the circumferential direction of the stator core 1 in the opposite direction to A to form (M-1) / 2 turns.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, it is the winding diagram of the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding. Since M=5, (M+1) / 2=3, (M-1) / 2=2 in this example, the first branch 21 forms 5 consecutive turns along the circumference of the stator core 1. Specifically, according to the A direction of the circumference of the stator core 1, the introduction end of the first branch 21 is arranged in the slot No. 1 of the 5th layer, and then a plurality of hairpin wires are arranged in the slot No. 8 of the 4th layer, the slot No. 13 of the 5th layer, the slot No. 20 of the 4th layer, the slot No. 25 of the 5th layer, the slot No. 32 of the 4th layer, and the slot No. 37 of the 5th layer in sequence. , slot 44 on the 4th floor, the above is the first circle set between the 5th and 2nd floors; then change the layers and set them in slot 1 on the 3rd floor, slot 8 on the 2nd floor, slot 13 on the 3rd floor, slot 20 on the 2nd floor, slot 25 on the 3rd floor, slot 32 on the 2nd floor, slot 37 on the 3rd floor, slot 44 on the 2nd floor, the above is the first circle set between the 3rd and 2nd floors; then change the layers and set them in slot 1 on the 1st floor, slot 8 on the 1st floor, slot 13 on the 1st floor, slot 20 on the 1st floor, slot 25 on the 1st floor, slot 32 on the 1st floor, The first layer has slot No. 37 and slot No. 44, which are one circle set in the first layer; then the direction is changed and the arrangement continues along the circumference of the stator core 1 in the direction opposite to A. Multiple hairpins are arranged in sequence in slot No. 39 of the second layer, slot No. 32 of the third layer, slot No. 27 of the second layer, slot No. 20 of the third layer, slot No. 15 of the second layer, slot No. 8 of the third layer, slot No. 3 of the second layer, and slot No. 44 of the third layer, which are the second circle set between the second and third layers; then the layers are changed and arranged in slot No. 39 of the fourth layer, slot No. 32 of the fifth layer, slot No. 4 The first branch 21 of the U-phase winding has a total of 5 turns along the circumference of the stator core 1, 3 turns in the direction A, and 2 turns in the opposite direction to A. A can be clockwise or counterclockwise, which is not specifically limited in this application and can be selected according to specific circumstances in practice. This winding method is simple and simplifies the difficulty of assembly.

[0039] like Figure 7As shown, it is a winding diagram of the second branch 22 of the U-phase winding, which is arranged in the A direction of the circumferential direction of the stator core 1. The introduction end of the second branch 22 is arranged in the 5th layer No. 2 slot, and then a plurality of hairpin wires are arranged in the 4th layer No. 9 slot, the 5th layer No. 14 slot, the 4th layer No. 21 slot, the 5th layer No. 26 slot, the 4th layer No. 33 slot, the 5th layer No. 38 slot, the 4th layer No. 45 slot, and the above is the first circle arranged between the 5th layer and the 4th layer; then the layers are changed and arranged in the 3rd layer No. 2 slot, The first loop is arranged between the third and second layers: slot 9 of the second layer, slot 14 of the third layer, slot 21 of the second layer, slot 26 of the third layer, slot 33 of the second layer, slot 38 of the third layer, and slot 45 of the second layer. Then, the winding is continued in the direction opposite to A along the circumference of the stator core 1, and a plurality of hairpin wires are changed to the first layer, and are arranged in slot 2 of the first layer, slot 43 of the first layer, slot 38 of the first layer, slot 31 of the first layer, slot 26 of the first layer, and slot 1 of the first layer. Slot 9 on the first floor, slot 14 on the first floor, slot 7 on the first floor, the above are set in one circle on the first floor; then slot 2 on the second floor, slot 43 on the third floor, slot 38 on the second floor, slot 31 on the third floor, slot 26 on the second floor, slot 19 on the third floor, slot 14 on the second floor, slot 7 on the third floor, the above are set in the second circle between the second and third floors; then slot 2 on the fourth floor, slot 43 on the fifth floor, slot 38 on the fourth floor, slot 31 on the fifth floor, The 4th layer slot 26, the 5th layer slot 19, the 4th layer slot 14, and finally the 5th layer slot 7 are the second turns set between the 4th and 5th layers; therefore, the second branch 22 of the U-phase winding is set with 5 turns along the circumference of the stator core, of which 3 turns are set in the direction A and 2 turns are set in the opposite direction to A; A can be clockwise or counterclockwise, which is not specifically limited in this application and can be selected according to specific circumstances in practice. This winding method is simple and simplifies the difficulty of assembly.

[0040] In some embodiments, the number of slots per pole per phase is 2, and the conductors between adjacent layers of the plurality of stator slots 11 per pole per phase are staggered by one stator slot 11 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 1 .

[0041] The number of poles of the motor in this embodiment is 8; the number of poles refers to the number of magnetic poles of the motor. The magnetic poles are divided into N poles and S poles. Generally, the number of magnetic poles appears in pairs. Generally, one N pole and one S pole are called a pair of magnetic poles, that is, the number of pole pairs is 1. In this example, the number of slots per pole per phase is 2. The number of slots per pole per phase refers to the number of slots occupied by each phase sub-winding under each magnetic pole. Figure 7As shown, taking one pole of the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding as an example, the conductors located at the 1st, 3rd and 5th layers are arranged in slots 1 and 2, and the conductors located at the 2nd and 4th layers are arranged in slots 2 and 3, that is, the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding occupies 2 stator slots under each magnetic pole, and the conductors between each adjacent layer are staggered by one stator slot 11 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 1; the winding 2 of each pole is wound in the same manner, and according to this rule, the position of the remaining windings 2 of each pole can be determined; according to the above arrangement, windings of different phases are arranged in slots 1 and 3, so that each phase sub-winding forms a same-slot but different-phase structure, and this arrangement of same-slot but different-phase windings can reduce the harmonic content of the winding 2, so as to improve the efficiency of the motor.

[0042] In some embodiments, the number of conductors of the same phase arranged in three adjacent stator slots is (M+1) / 2, M, (M-1) / 2.

[0043] In the present application, the number of conductors of the same phase arranged in three adjacent stator slots is (M+1) / 2, M, (M-1) / 2, M is the number of layers of the winding, M=5 in this example, so the number of conductors of the same phase arranged in three adjacent stator slots is 3, 5, and 2; as shown in the figure, taking the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding as an example, wherein each pole comprises 6 stator slots, and taking slots 1 to 6 as an example, the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding has 3 conductors located in the 1st, 3rd and 5th layers in slot 1, 5 conductors located in the 1st to 5th layers in slot 2, and 2 conductors located in the 2nd and 5th layers in slot 3.

[0044] In some embodiments, the plurality of conductors 3 include a plurality of hairpin wires with a pitch of y, where y=t+1, where t is the pole pitch, and t=the number of stator slots / the number of poles; the plurality of hairpin wires include M-2 types of wires. The hairpin wires of the present application have a small number of wire types, which greatly simplifies the connection method of the winding, reduces the process difficulty, and improves the production efficiency. In addition, this winding method makes the height of both ends of the winding lower, which can reduce the cost of the motor.

[0045] In the present application, the number of stator slots is 48 and the number of poles is 8, so the pole pitch t=6, then y=7; since M=5 in this example, the present application includes three types of hairpin wires. Taking the U-phase winding as an example, the first branch 21 includes multiple first hairpin wires 4, second hairpin wires 5 and third hairpin wires with a pitch of 7; the pitch refers to the number of stator slots occupied by two plug-in sections of a single hairpin wire; if the pitch is 8, that is, one plug-in section of the hairpin wire is embedded in the 1st slot, and the other plug-in section is embedded in the 9th slot, and the distance between the center lines of the two stator slots where the two plug-in sections are located is 8 slots (the 1st slot and the 9th slot are each counted as half a slot); multiple first hairpin wires 4, second hairpin wires 5 and third hairpin wires are continuously wound to form a winding 2.

[0046] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding includes a plurality of first hairpin wires 4, the first hairpin wires 4 include a left plug-in section 41a accommodated in the stator core 1 and a right plug-in section 41b parallel to the left plug-in section 41a, a portion of the left plug-in section 41a near the lower end is twisted in a direction away from the right plug-in section 41b to form a left twisted section 42a, a portion of the right plug-in section 41b near the lower end is twisted in a direction away from the left plug-in section 41a to form a right twisted section 42b, and the left and right hairpin wires 4 are connected to the stator core 1. The torsion segment 42a and the right torsion segment 42b extend out of one end of the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core 1 to form a welding end 2b, and multiple hairpin wires are welded through the welding end to form a continuous winding 2; the first hairpin wire 4 also includes a connecting segment 43, the left end of the connecting segment 43 is connected to the upper end of the left plug-in segment 41a, and the right end of the connecting segment 43 is connected to the upper end of the right plug-in segment 41b. The connecting segments 43 of multiple first hairpin wires 4 extend out of the other end of the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core 1 to form a crown end 2a.

[0047] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding also includes a second hairpin wire 5, the second hairpin wire 5 includes a left plug-in section 51a accommodated in the stator core 1 and a right plug-in section 51b parallel to the left plug-in section 51a, a portion of the left plug-in section 51a near the lower end is twisted in a direction away from the right plug-in section 51b to form a left twisted section 52a, a portion of the right plug-in section 51b near the lower end is twisted in a direction close to the left plug-in section 51a to form a right twisted section 52b, and the left and right hairpin wires 5 are connected to each other. The torsion section 52a and the right torsion section 52b extend out of one end of the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core 1 to form a welding end 2b, and multiple hairpins are welded through the welding end to form a continuous winding 2; the second hairpin 5 also includes a connecting section 53, the left end of the connecting section 53 is connected to the upper end of the left plug-in section 51a, and the right end of the connecting section 53 is connected to the upper end of the right plug-in section 51b. The connecting sections 53 of multiple second hairpins 5 extend out of the other end of the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core to form a crown end 2a. When multiple hairpins are continuously wound along the axial direction of the stator core 1 in direction A from the radial 5th layer to the radial 1st layer of the stator core 1, the last hairpin of the winding in direction A uses the second hairpin 5, which is convenient for realizing the reversal of the winding, and then multiple hairpins are wound in the opposite direction of A to form a continuous winding 2.

[0048] The present application also includes a third hairpin wire, which has the same appearance as the first hairpin wire 4, except that one of the plug-in sections of the third hairpin wire is longer than the other plug-in section, and the longer plug-in section serves as the lead-in and lead-out ends of each branch to connect to the copper bus.

[0049] In this embodiment, after multiple hairpin wires are inserted into multiple stator slots 11, the plug-in section extending out of the stator core 1 is twisted to form a torsion section. The twisting direction is shown by the first hairpin wire 4 and the second hairpin wire 5. The winding method is simple, the difficulty of the process is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

[0050] In some embodiments, the winding 2 includes a U-phase winding 21, and the U-phase winding 21 includes a first branch 21 and a second branch 22 connected in parallel, and the lead-in end of the first branch 21 and the lead-in end of the second branch 22 are adjacent; the lead-in end and the lead-out end of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22 are both arranged in the innermost layer of the stator slots of the plurality of stator slots 1 close to the center of the stator core 1. This winding method makes the lead-out positions of the plurality of hairpin wires relatively concentrated, which is convenient for the design of the lead-out copper bar or bus bar.

[0051] The flat wire stator of the present application includes three-phase sub-windings, namely, U-phase winding, V-phase winding and W-phase winding, and the three-phase sub-windings are rotationally symmetrically distributed about the axis of the stator core 1; each phase sub-winding includes two parallel branches, and the two parallel branches are rotationally symmetrically distributed about the axis of the stator core 1; this example takes the U-phase winding as an example, Figure 7 As shown, the lead-in end of the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding is arranged at slot No. 1 on the 5th layer, and the lead-out end is arranged at slot No. 44 on the 5th layer; the lead-in end of the second branch 22 is arranged at slot No. 2 on the 5th layer, and the lead-out end is arranged at slot No. 7 on the 5th layer; therefore, the lead-in end and the lead-out end of the first branch 21 and the second branch 22 of the U-phase winding 21 are both arranged at the innermost layer close to the center of the stator core 1, that is, the 5th layer; in another embodiment, the lead-in end and the lead-out end of the first branch and the second branch of the U-phase winding can also be arranged at the outermost layer of the stator slot away from the center of the stator core 1.

[0052] For ease of understanding, Figure 3 As shown, the specific starting position of the stator slot 11 is defined. The stator core 1 of this embodiment has 48 stator slots 11, which are numbered in a clockwise direction along the circumference of the stator core 1. The numbers represent the numbers of the stator slots 11 accommodated by the plug-in section of the conductor 3; Figure 4 As shown, the arrow points to the center of the stator core 1, and the numbers are sequentially inward from the direction farthest from the center. L1 represents the number of the layer where the conductor 3 is located in the stator slot 11; for example, 1L5 indicates that a plug-in section of a hairpin is located at the 5th layer in the 1st stator slot 11. It should be noted that the starting position of the branch can be selected from any stator slot 11. This example only provides an explanation of an embodiment. Among them, the brackets () indicate the positions of the two plug-in sections of a hairpin.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, the winding method of the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding of the first embodiment is as follows:

[0054] (1L5-8L4)→(13L5-20L4)→(25L5-32L4)→(37L5-44L4)→(1L3-8L2)→(13L3-20L2)→(25L3-32L2)→(37L 3-44L2)→(1L1-8L1)→(13L1-20L1)→(25L1-32L1)→(37L1-44L1)(39L2-32L3)→(27L2-20L3)→(15L2-8 L3)→(3L2-44L3)→(39L4-32L5)→(27L4-20L5)→(15L4-8L5)→(3L4-44L5); wherein 1L5 is the lead-in end U1 of the first branch 21, and 44L5 is the lead-out end X1 of the second branch 22; the first branches of the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding can be obtained by rotational symmetry on the basis of the first branch 21 of the U-phase winding, and the lead-in end of the first branch of each phase of the three-phase winding of the present application is spaced by one stator slot 11; Figure 8 As described above, the lead-in end of the first branch of the W-phase winding is arranged in slot No. 3 of the fifth layer, so the lead-in end of the first branch of the W-phase winding is separated from the lead-in end of the first branch of the U-phase winding by a stator slot 11; Fig. 9 As shown, the lead-in end of the first branch of the V-phase winding is arranged in slot No. 5 of the 5th layer. Therefore, there is a stator slot 11 between the lead-in end of the first branch of the V-phase winding and the lead-in end of the first branch of the W-phase winding.

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, the winding method of the second branch 22 of the U-phase winding of the first embodiment is as follows:

[0056] (2L5-9L4)→(14L5-21L4)→(26L5-33L4)→(38L5-45L4)→(2L3-9L2)→(14L3-21L2)→(26L3-33L2)→(38L 3-45L2)→(2L1-43L1)→(38L1-31L1)→(26L1-19L1)→(14L1-7L1)(2L2-43L3)→(38L2-31L3)→(26L2-19 L3)→(14L2-7L3)→(2L4-43L5)→(38L4-37L5)→(26L4-19L5)→(14L4-7L5); wherein 2L5 is the lead-in end U2 of the second branch 22, and 44L5 is the lead-out end X2 of the second branch 22; the second branches of the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding can be obtained by rotational symmetry on the basis of the second branch 22 of the U-phase winding, and the lead-in end of the second branch of each phase of the three-phase winding of the present application is spaced by one stator slot 11; Figure 8As described above, the lead-in end of the first branch of the W-phase winding is arranged in slot No. 4 of the 5th layer, so the lead-in end of the second branch of the W-phase winding is separated from the lead-in end of the second branch 22 of the U-phase winding by one stator slot 11; Fig. 9 As shown, the lead-in end of the second branch of the V-phase winding is arranged in slot No. 6 of the 5th layer. Therefore, there is a stator slot 11 between the lead-in end of the second branch of the V-phase winding and the lead-in end of the second branch of the W-phase winding.

[0057] In this example, the flat wire stator also includes insulating paper, which is arranged inside the stator slot 11, specifically in the middle of the winding 2 and the stator core 1, to avoid contact between the winding 2 and the stator core 1, thereby improving the insulation performance of the motor.

[0058] The present application also provides a motor, comprising a rotating shaft; a rotor, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; and a flat wire stator as described above, which is coaxially arranged with the rotor. The motor is used for driving a vehicle.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] Compared with Example 1, Example 2 differs in that the branches of each phase winding include multiple winding units 1, and the multiple hairpin wires of each winding unit 1 are wound from the radial 5th layer of the stator core to the radial 1st layer along the A direction of the circumference of the stator core, and then wound from the radial 1st layer of the stator core in the opposite direction to A to the radial 5th layer.

[0061] like Fig.10 As shown, taking the first branch of the U-phase winding as an example, the introduction end of the first branch is arranged in slot No. 1 of the 5th layer, and then in slot No. 8 of the 4th layer, slot No. 13 of the 3rd layer, slot No. 20 of the 2nd layer, slot No. 25 of the 1st layer, slot No. 32 of the 1st layer, slot No. 27 of the 2nd layer, slot No. 20 of the 3rd layer, slot No. 15 of the 4th layer, and slot No. 8 of the 5th layer. The above-mentioned multiple hairpin wires form a winding unit, and the first branch of the U-phase winding includes multiple winding units.

[0062] like Fig.10 As shown, the winding of the first branch of the U-phase winding of this embodiment is as follows:

[0063] (1L5-8L4)→(13L3-20L2)→(25L1-32L1)→(27L2-20L3)→(15L4-8L5)→(13L5-20L4)→(25L3-32L2)→( 37L1-44L1)→(39L2-32L3)→(27L4-20L5)→(25L5-32L4)→(37L3-44L2)(1L1-8L1)→(3L2-44L3)→(39L 4-32L5)→(37L5-44L4)→(1L3-8L2)→(13L1-20L1)→(15L2-8L3)→(3L4-44L5); wherein 1L5 is the lead-in end U1 of the first branch, and 44L5 is the lead-out end X1 of the first branch; the first branches of the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding can be obtained by rotational symmetry on the basis of the first branch of the U-phase winding, and the lead-in end of the first branch of each phase of the three-phase winding of the present application is spaced by one stator slot 11; Fig.11 As described above, the lead-in end of the first branch of the W-phase winding is arranged in slot No. 3 of the 5th layer, so the lead-in end of the first branch of the W-phase winding is separated from the lead-in end of the first branch of the U-phase winding by a stator slot 11; Fig.12 As shown, the lead-in end of the first branch of the V-phase winding is arranged in slot No. 5 of the 5th layer. Therefore, there is a stator slot 11 between the lead-in end of the first branch of the V-phase winding and the lead-in end of the first branch of the W-phase winding.

[0064] like Fig.10 As shown, the winding of the second branch of the U-phase winding of this embodiment is as follows:

[0065] (2L5-9L4)→(14L3-21L2)→(26L1-19L1)→(14L2-7L3)→(2L4-43L5)→(38L5-45L4)→(2L3-9L2)→(14L1 -7L1)→(2L2-43L3)→(38L4-31L5)→(26L5-33L4)→(38L3-45L2)(2L1-43L1)→(38L2-31L3)→(26L4-19 L5)→(14L5-21L4)→(26L3-33L2)→(38L1-31L1)→(26L2-19L3)→(14L4-7L5); wherein 2L5 is the lead-in end U2 of the second branch, and 44L5 is the lead-out end X2 of the second branch; the second branches of the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding can be obtained by rotational symmetry on the basis of the second branch 22 of the U-phase winding, and the lead-in end of the second branch of each phase of the three-phase winding of the present application is spaced by one stator slot 11; Fig.11 As described above, the lead-in end of the first branch of the W-phase winding is arranged in slot No. 4 of the 5th layer, so the lead-in end of the second branch of the W-phase winding is separated from the lead-in end of the second branch 22 of the U-phase winding by one stator slot 11; Fig.12As shown, the lead-in end of the second branch of the V-phase winding is arranged in slot No. 6 of the 5th layer. Therefore, there is a stator slot 11 between the lead-in end of the second branch of the V-phase winding and the lead-in end of the second branch of the W-phase winding.

[0066] The effects of the second embodiment of the present application are the same as those of the first embodiment, and can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0067] The odd-layer stator assembly of the present application has fewer types of hairpin wires, which greatly simplifies the winding connection method, reduces the process difficulty, and improves production efficiency. The end height of the winding is relatively low, which can reduce the cost of the motor. In addition, the stator assembly of the present application has concentrated wire outlet positions, which is convenient for the design of copper bars or busbars. It also adopts a same-slot different-phase winding distribution, which greatly reduces the harmonic content of the winding compared to the same-slot same-phase arrangement. The odd-layer winding can also solve the technical problem that the even-layer winding cannot meet the power and torque requirements at the specific design boundary.

[0068] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0070] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0071] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0072] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An odd-number-layer flat wire stator, characterized in that: include: A stator core (1), wherein the stator core (1) is provided with a plurality of stator slots arranged in an array along its circumferential direction, the plurality of stator slots extending radially outward along the inner wall of the stator core (1), and the plurality of stator slots penetrating the stator core (1) along the axial direction of the stator core (1); the stator core is provided with 4L stator slots, where L is a positive integer; and A winding (2), wherein the winding (2) is inserted into the plurality of stator slots of the stator core (1), and the winding (2) forms M layers along the radial direction of the stator core (1) inside each stator slot (11) of the plurality of stator slots, where M is an odd number and M≥3; the winding (2) comprises a multi-phase sub-winding; the multi-phase sub-winding is rotationally symmetrically arranged about the axis of the stator core, and each phase in the multi-phase sub-winding comprises two parallel branches, and one of the two parallel branches comprises a plurality of conductors (3) connected in series, and the plurality of conductors (3) comprises a plurality of hairpin wires with the same pitch.

2. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding method of each of the two parallel branches is as follows: a plurality of hairpin wires are arranged to cross the first layer of the stator slots along the stator core (1), and a plurality of hairpin wires are arranged to cross the other two adjacent layers.

3. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the two parallel branches is continuously wound along the circumferential direction A of the stator core (1) from the Mth layer of the stator slots of the stator core (1) to the 1st layer, and then continuously wound from the 1st layer of the stator slots of the stator core (1) in the direction opposite to A to the Mth layer, and a total of M turns are formed according to the above winding method.

4. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the two parallel branches is wound along the circumferential direction A of the stator core to form (M+1) / 2 turns, and then wound along the circumferential direction of the stator core in the direction opposite to A to form (M-1) / 2 turns.

5. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the two parallel branches comprises a plurality of winding units, and a plurality of hairpin wires of each winding unit are wound along a circumferential direction A of the stator core (1) from the Mth layer of the stator slots of the stator core (1) to the 1st layer, and then wound from the 1st layer of the stator slots of the stator core (1) in a direction opposite to A to the Mth layer.

6. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The plurality of conductors (3) include a plurality of hairpin wires with a pitch of y, wherein y=t+1, wherein t is the pole pitch, and t=the number of stator slots / the number of poles; the plurality of hairpin wires include M-2 types of wire types.

7. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of slots per pole per phase is 2, and the conductors between adjacent layers of the plurality of stator slots per pole per phase are staggered by one stator slot (11) along the circumferential direction of the stator core (1).

8. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of conductors of the same phase arranged in adjacent stator slots (11) is (M+1) / 2, M, (M-1) / 2.

9. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The winding (2) comprises a U-phase winding, the U-phase winding comprises a first branch (21) and a second branch (22) connected in parallel, the lead-in end of the first branch (21) and the lead-in end of the second branch (22) are adjacent to each other; the lead-in end and the lead-out end of the first branch (21) and the second branch (22) are both arranged in the Mth layer of the stator slots of the stator core (1).

10. A motor, characterized in that: The motor comprises: Rotating shaft; a rotor, wherein the rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft; and The flat wire stator according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is coaxially arranged with the rotor.

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