Tunnel portal structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel portal structure, belongs to the field of tunnels, and aims at utilizing solar energy, not occupying the clearance space of a tunnel and having small influence on the tunnel. Comprising a tunnel portal end wall and a backfill layer arranged behind the tunnel portal end wall in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel. A solar assembly is laid on the backfill layer and comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels, and the backfill layer is covered with the photovoltaic panels. The backfill layer is covered with the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel is continuously exposed to sunlight, so that rich solar energy on the plateau can be fully utilized for photovoltaic power generation, and the photovoltaic power generation can be used for lighting of the tunnel portal section and buildings outside the tunnel. Solar energy is clean energy, so that energy conservation and consumption reduction of the tunnel are achieved, green intelligent traffic is achieved, the call of'carbon reaching peak and carbon neutralization 'is responded, and the new concept of'green traffic' is highlighted. Moreover, the photovoltaic panel is installed on the backfill layer outside the tunnel, the space of a main tunnel hole is not occupied, and compared with a traditional tunnel portal, only one set of photovoltaic power generation structure outside the tunnel hole is additionally arranged, and the tunnel is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of tunnels, in particular to a tunnel opening structure. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as highway construction has extended from plains, hills and low mountainous areas to medium and high mountainous areas with high altitudes. According to statistics, there are more and more tunnels in high-altitude areas, and many tunnels with an average altitude of more than 3,000 meters have appeared. These tunnels are located in plateau areas with high sunlight intensity, especially for tunnels with the axis of the tunnel running in the north-west direction, where the daily sunlight exposure time is long. In addition, these tunnels are built in high-altitude areas, resulting in a significant increase in the length of a single tunnel and the total scale of the tunnel, and there are more and more super-long tunnels. The large scale of the tunnel has led to an increase in lighting operation costs. The huge energy consumption in operation has led to the problem of "affording to build but not being able to maintain" in the tunnel. In order to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction, wind power generation has been adopted in tunnels. However, the installation of wind power generation equipment in tunnels has the problem of occupying the clear space of the tunnel. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a tunnel portal structure which can utilize solar energy, will not occupy the tunnel clearance space and has little impact on the tunnel.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a tunnel portal structure, including a portal end wall and a backfill layer arranged behind the portal end wall along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel; a solar energy component is laid on the backfill layer, the solar energy component includes several photovoltaic panels, and the photovoltaic panels cover the backfill layer.

[0005] Furthermore, the photovoltaic panel is fixed to the backfill layer via support rods.

[0006] Furthermore, along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the photovoltaic panels are arranged to be inclined downward from the side adjacent to the slope to the side adjacent to the end wall of the tunnel portal.

[0007] Furthermore, the orthographic projections of each photovoltaic panel on the surface of the backfill layer are independent of each other.

[0008] Furthermore, there is a distance between two adjacent photovoltaic panels, and the distance is less than or equal to 1 / 8 of the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0009] Furthermore, the portal end wall includes a wall body and a roof on the top of the wall body for covering the wall body, and the roof is covered with photovoltaic tiles.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model can make full use of the abundant solar energy on the plateau to generate photovoltaic power by covering the backfill layer with photovoltaic panels, which are continuously exposed to sunlight. The photovoltaic panels can be used for lighting electricity in the tunnel entrance section and buildings outside the tunnel. Solar energy is a clean energy source, which can achieve energy saving and consumption reduction in tunnels, realize green and smart transportation, respond to the call for "carbon peak and carbon neutrality", and highlight the new concept of "green transportation". In addition, the photovoltaic panels are installed on the backfill layer outside the tunnel, and do not occupy the space of the main tunnel. Compared with the traditional tunnel entrance, only a set of photovoltaic power generation structures outside the tunnel is added. Its installation will not affect the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the tunnel portal structure disclosed in the utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a vertical view of the tunnel portal structure disclosed in the utility model;

[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view;

[0014] Figure 4 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the tunnel portal end wall decoration disclosed by the utility model.

[0015] In the figure, there are the portal end wall 1, the wall body 1A, the photovoltaic tiles 1B, the backfill layer 2, the photovoltaic panels 3, and the support rods 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0017] In the traditional tunnel entrance structure, vegetation is usually planted on the surface of the backfill layer 2 behind the end wall 1 of the open tunnel. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a solar module is laid on the backfill layer 2, and the solar module includes several photovoltaic panels 3, and the photovoltaic panels 3 cover the backfill layer 2, which means that the photovoltaic panels 3 are evenly distributed on the backfill layer 2, and the surface of the backfill layer 2 is covered by the photovoltaic panels 3, and most of the surface of the backfill layer 2 cannot be exposed to sunlight. Photovoltaic panel 3 is a power generation device that generates direct current when exposed to sunlight. By covering the backfill layer 2 with photovoltaic panels 3, the photovoltaic panels 3 are continuously exposed to sunlight, and the abundant solar energy on the plateau can be fully utilized to generate photovoltaic power, which can be used for lighting electricity in the tunnel entrance section and buildings outside the tunnel. Solar energy is a clean energy, which achieves energy saving and consumption reduction in tunnels and realizes green and smart transportation.

[0018] The photovoltaic panel 3 can be directly laid on the surface of the backfill layer 2. In the present invention, the photovoltaic panel 3 is fixed to the backfill layer 2 via the support rod 4. In this way, the photovoltaic panel 3 is at a certain distance from the surface of the backfill layer 2, which can avoid the problem of water accumulation and washing away the photovoltaic panel 3 in rainy weather, and it is also convenient to adjust the installation angle of the photovoltaic panel 3 as needed to better receive solar energy.

[0019] The photovoltaic panel 3 can be installed horizontally, but in order to better receive solar energy, the photovoltaic panel 3 is set to be tilted downward from the side adjacent to the slope to the side adjacent to the tunnel end wall 1 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Since the slope and the trees on the slope will block the sunlight to a certain extent, the side adjacent to the slope is likely to receive a shorter duration of light and a weaker intensity of light. In order to maximize the photovoltaic power generation capacity of the photovoltaic panel 3, the photovoltaic panel 3 is arranged to be inclined to the side of the tunnel end wall 1, so that a larger area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3 is exposed to sunlight for a longer time, and solar energy can be better utilized for power generation.

[0020] In order to save costs, the orthographic projections of each photovoltaic panel 3 on the surface of the backfill layer 2 are independent of each other. The orthographic projections of the photovoltaic panels 3 on the surface of the backfill layer 2 are independent of each other, which means that there is no overlap between the orthographic projections of each photovoltaic panel 3 on the surface of the backfill layer 2, and the photovoltaic panels 3 do not block each other, thereby ensuring the maximum utilization rate of each photovoltaic panel 3.

[0021] In order to facilitate the installation of the photovoltaic panels 3 and fully utilize solar energy, preferably, there is a spacing between two adjacent photovoltaic panels 3, and the spacing is less than or equal to 1 / 8 of the width of the photovoltaic panels 3.

[0022] In the tunnel portal structure, in addition to the portal section being exposed to the sun, the portal end wall 1 is also continuously exposed to the sun. In order to further make full use of solar energy, it is preferred that Figure 4 As shown, the portal end wall 1 includes a wall body 1A and a roof on the top of the wall body 1A for covering the wall body 1A, and the roof is covered by photovoltaic tiles 1B.

[0023] Photovoltaic tile 1B refers to the photovoltaic module unit, which is encapsulated into the tile by gluing and pressing, giving the building material the property of photovoltaic power generation. It is a manifestation of the integration of photovoltaic building materials. Photovoltaic tile 1B can generate photovoltaic power and also meets the basic properties of traditional tiles, that is, it has rainproof, windproof and heat-insulating properties, and also has the additional properties of photovoltaics, such as clean energy, easy installation, light weight, safety, durability, heat insulation and aesthetics.

[0024] The photovoltaic tiles 1B are used to build the roof, which can protect the wall 1A of the portal end wall 1. HIA enables the roof of the portal end wall 1 to have photovoltaic power generation performance, improves the ability of the tunnel entrance structure to fully utilize solar energy, provides more clean electricity for tunnel operation, and provides energy-saving and carbon-reduction capabilities.

Claims

1. A tunnel portal structure, comprising a portal end wall (1) and a backfill layer (2) arranged behind the portal end wall (1) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel; characterized in that: A solar energy component is laid on the backfill layer (2), wherein the solar energy component comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels (3), and the photovoltaic panels (3) cover the backfill layer (2).

2. The tunnel portal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel (3) is fixed to the backfill layer (2) via a support rod (4).

3. The tunnel portal structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the photovoltaic panel (3) is arranged to be inclined downward from the side adjacent to the slope to the side adjacent to the tunnel portal end wall (1).

4. The tunnel portal structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The orthographic projections of each photovoltaic panel (3) on the surface of the backfill layer (2) are independent of each other.

5. The tunnel portal structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: There is a spacing between two adjacent photovoltaic panels (3), and the spacing is less than or equal to 1 / 8 of the width of the photovoltaic panel (3).

6. The tunnel portal structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The portal end wall (1) comprises a wall body (1A) and a roof on the top of the wall body (1A) for covering the wall body (1A), and the roof is covered with photovoltaic tiles (1B).

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