Forest container seedling transplanting planting vehicle with pre-soil-loosening function

Abstract

A forest container seedling transplanting planting vehicle with a pre-soil-loosening function belongs to the field of forestry machinery and comprises a chassis frame, a support frame, a seedling guide cylinder, a hole shoveling plate, a first air cylinder, a second air cylinder, a traveling wheel and a soil-loosening plough, the traveling wheel is mounted at the lower end of the chassis frame, the support frame is connected onto the chassis frame and provided with a limiting cylinder, the seedling guide cylinder is fittingly embedded in the limiting cylinder, and the soil-loosening plough is mounted in the limiting cylinder. A connecting rod and a bearing seat are mounted on the barrel, a hole shoveling plate is hinged to the barrel, a first air cylinder is connected between the connecting rod and the supporting frame, a second air cylinder is connected between the bearing seat and the hole shoveling plate, and a soil loosening plough is arranged on the front side of the seedling guiding barrel and connected to the supporting frame through a plough rod. The working resistance of inserting the seedling guide cylinder into the soil and digging holes in the hole shoveling plate can be reduced; the functional integration level of the container seedling transplanting vehicle is enhanced; the reliability of container seedling transplanting is improved; the application range of a soil environment is widened;

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of forestry machinery, in particular to a forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function. Background Art

[0002] In the field of afforestation, the breeding of afforestation seedlings mainly includes production techniques such as seedling raising, cutting seedling raising and grafting seedling raising, and container seedling raising is a widely used factory-based seedling raising method. At present, in forestry production, the transplanting and planting of container seedlings is still mostly carried out by human labor or with the help of portable tools. The labor intensity is high and the operation efficiency is very low, especially in large-scale nursery protection areas or outdoor woodlands. It is particularly prominent, which seriously affects the advantages of mechanization, intensiveness and efficiency of factory-based container seedling raising. The utility model patent with announcement number CN220799070U discloses "a self-propelled forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle". The transplanting and planting vehicle adopts a pneumatically controlled operation method for carrying and transplanting container seedlings. Although it can solve the problems of high labor intensity and low operation efficiency of manual transplanting and planting of container seedlings, due to its working principle of using respectively The cylinder is used to directly push the seedling guide tube into the ground soil, and at the same time, the shovel hole plate is pulled to directly flip and shovel the soil to make a hole. Therefore, when the ground soil is hard or contains gravel and lumps, which increases the soil operation resistance, the seedling guide tube and the shovel hole plate are directly applied to the soil. It is very likely that the seedling guide tube is not inserted deep enough into the soil and the shovel hole plate does not dig the soil sufficiently to make a hole, which reduces the application stability and makes it difficult to give full play to the efficiency advantage of the transplanting and planting vehicle. In order to ensure the normal use of the transplanting and planting vehicle, it is usually necessary to use special facilities or tools to plow and loosen the soil of the transplanting and planting site before transplanting and planting. This obviously greatly increases the labor intensity of transplanting and planting and reduces production efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to further study and improve the container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle in the prior art, optimize the design, improve the function, and improve the production and use performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-loosening function, which integrates the pre-loosening function, optimizes the overall design structure, and solves the problems of insufficient functional matching, poor environmental adaptability, and insufficient operational reliability of the prior art.

[0004] A forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function comprises: a vehicle disc frame, a support frame, a seedling guide cylinder, a shovel hole plate, a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a running wheel and a loosening plow; the vehicle disc frame is a load-bearing structure, and the running wheel is installed at the lower end. The running wheel can balance and support the vehicle disc frame, and can be controlled and operated by a running control system to drive the vehicle disc frame to move forward and backward. The support frame is connected and installed at the upper end of the vehicle disc frame, and a vertically arranged limit cylinder is connected and installed on the support frame; the seedling guide cylinder is a round straight cylinder structure that passes through from top to bottom. The inner diameter of the cylinder body corresponds to the outer diameter of the seedling raising container, and the outer diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the limiting cylinder and is embedded in the limiting cylinder; an inclined end face is arranged on the lower end head to form a sharp end head; the inclined end face is arranged opposite to the running direction of the vehicle plate frame; a connecting rod and a bearing seat are respectively fixedly installed on the cylinder body of the seedling guide cylinder, and the shovel hole plate is also hingedly connected; one end of the first cylinder is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the support frame, which can provide power control to push and pull the guide cylinder The seedling tube moves vertically along the limiting tube, and when it is fully pushed down, the lower end of the seedling guide tube can be pushed below the horizontal plane where the running wheel is set and inserted into the soil. After being fully pulled up, the lower end of the seedling guide tube can be kept above the ground soil. One end of the second cylinder is connected to the bearing seat, and the other end is connected to the shoveling hole plate, which can provide power to control the pushing and pulling of the shoveling hole plate to flip relative to the seedling guide tube. The shoveling hole plate corresponds to the inclined end surface structure of the lower end of the seedling guide tube, and can be fully flipped to one side so that the shoveling hole plate can cooperate with and cover the The inclined end surface blocks the cylindrical inner cavity of the seedling guide tube, and at the same time cooperates to maintain the sharp end structure at the lower end of the seedling guide tube, and fully flipping it to the other side can make the cylindrical inner cavity of the seedling guide tube completely open; the loosening plow is arranged in the corresponding area on the front side of the seedling guide tube, and is installed on the support frame by connecting the plow rod. When the wheel frame moves forward, the loosening plow can first turn over the ground soil to loosen the soil in advance, reduce the working resistance of the seedling guide tube insertion and the hole opening of the shovel plate, and improve the reliability of container seedling transplanting and planting.

[0005] The forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with pre-loosening function preferably has the soil loosening plow as a double-blade knife plow, and the two plow blades are symmetrically arranged with respect to each other, and have an opening angle between each other that increases the front end spacing distance, so that the soil loosened by shoveling can be gathered between the two plow blades, and sufficient filling and covering soil can be reserved for the subsequent transplanting and planting of container seedlings. Blades are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the plow blades, and the two blades have corresponding inclination angles toward the inside relative to the plow blades, and can cooperate with each other to shovel the soil inward, and have the function of gathering the soil inward while loosening the soil.

[0006] The forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with pre-loosening function is preferably provided with a third cylinder between the support frame and the plow bar, and the two ends of the third cylinder are respectively hingedly connected to the support frame and the plow bar, and the plow bar is also hingedly connected to the support frame, so that the plow bar can be driven by the third cylinder to flip relative to the support frame, and the loosening plow can be lowered or raised. When the soil in the transplanting and planting area is relatively dense and hard, the loosening plow can be lowered to loosen the soil in advance, and the soil shoveling depth of the loosening plow can be adjusted according to the soil conditions in the transplanting and planting area, providing a good guarantee for the subsequent transplanting and planting of container seedlings. When the soil in the transplanting and planting area itself is loose soil, the loosening plow can be lifted above the soil ground, and the seedling guide tube 3 and the shoveling hole plate can be directly used for transplanting and planting container seedlings. On the premise of ensuring that the transplanting and planting operations are stable and reliable, the transplanting process is simplified and the planting efficiency is improved.

[0007] The forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with pre-loosening function is preferably equipped with a plow bar guide column on the support frame, and the two plow bar guide columns are vertically arranged on both sides of the plow bar in correspondence with the plow bar, and the plow bar is laterally limited to guide the plow bar to flip and move within the vertical plane defined by the two plow bar guide columns, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the soil loosening function of the loosening plow shovel.

[0008] The forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with pre-loosening function is preferably equipped with a first guide rod and a second guide rod respectively parallel to the limiting cylinder on the support frame, and the first guide rod and the second guide rod are respectively arranged corresponding to the connecting rod and the bearing seat, and are respectively connected with the connecting rod and the bearing seat in a corresponding limiting manner, so that the connecting rod and the bearing seat can be guided by the first guide rod and the second guide rod respectively to maintain vertical linear motion.

[0009] The forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with pre-loosening soil function is preferably equipped with a soil gathering plate at the lower end of the vehicle disc frame, and the soil gathering plate is a plate body perpendicular to the vehicle disc frame. The two soil gathering plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear part of the seedling guide tube relative to the front running direction of the vehicle disc frame, and are combined to form an inverted "eight" shape structure. The bottom ends are respectively flush with the horizontal plane where the running wheels are set. During the forward running of the vehicle disc frame, the two soil gathering plates can cooperate to gather the loose soil protruding above the ground to the middle part, and can fill the loose soil into the pit at the rear part of the seedling guide tube to cover and compact the container seedlings contained in the seedling container for transplanting and planting.

[0010] The forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-loosening function is preferably equipped with a counterweight block in a balanced manner on the vehicle disc frame to increase the weight of the vehicle body, thereby improving the gravity resistance between the loosening plow in loosening the soil, the seedling guide tube in inserting the soil, and the shoveling plate in shoveling the soil and the ground, thereby enhancing the body stability of the forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-loosening function in the working state, and further improving the reliability of transplanting and planting operations.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the utility model is to provide a forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-loosening function. On the basis of pneumatically controlled transport of container seedlings and pneumatically controlled soil shoveling to make transplanting holes, the utility model optimizes and matches a pneumatically controlled loosening plow, perfectly integrates the pre-loosening function before transplanting and planting, enhances the functional integration, and can reduce the operating resistance of the seedling guide tube inserting into the soil and the shoveling hole plate shoveling the soil, broadens the soil environment adaptability range of the transplanting and planting vehicle, improves environmental adaptability, and improves the reliability and stability of operation. Furthermore, by optimizing the double-plow blade knife plow structure, the loosened soil can be gathered in the transplanting and planting area, ensuring the transplanting and planting environmental conditions. At the same time, by adopting an adjustable loosening plow system, the loosening plow can be selected and used and the soil turning shoveling depth can be adjusted, which can take into account the reliability and efficiency of the use of the transplanting and planting vehicle at the same time. When applied to forestry production, it can simplify forestry operation procedures, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and improve forestry production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is the main view of the structure of the forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with pre-soil loosening function.

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of the AA section.

[0014] Figure 3 This is the left view of the structure of the forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with pre-soil loosening function.

[0015] Figure 4 The main view of the structure of the forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with pre-loosening function to loosen the soil and the planting status.

[0016] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure for setting up the soil slab.

[0017] Among them: 1 is a wheel frame, 2 is a support frame, 3 is a seedling guide tube, 4 is a shovel hole plate, 5 is a first cylinder, 6 is a second cylinder, 7 is a third cylinder, 8 is a first guide rod, 9 is a second guide rod, 10 is a soil gathering plate, 11 is a limit tube, 12 is a connecting rod, 13 is a bearing seat, 14 is a carrier frame, 15 is a loosening plow, 16 is a running wheel, 17 is a counterweight block, 18 is a plow bar, 19 is a plow bar guide column, and 20 is a seedling container. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Furthermore, the technical solution claimed for protection of the utility model is described in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments and their drawings.

[0019] A forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it consists of a vehicle disc frame 1, a support frame 2, a seedling guide tube 3, a hole shoveling plate 4, a first cylinder 5, a second cylinder 6, a third cylinder 7, a first guide rod 8, a second guide rod 9, a soil gathering plate 10, a limiting tube 11, a connecting rod 12, a bearing seat 13, a carrier frame 14, a loosening plow 15 and a running wheel 16.

[0020] The vehicle disc frame 1 is a horizontally arranged rectangular structural frame, and the lower end is equipped with 4 running wheels 16 distributed according to the vertices of the rectangle. The running wheels 16 can be driven by the vehicle-mounted control system to balance and carry the vehicle disc frame 1 for running. The support frame 2 is arranged and installed on the vehicle disc frame 1, including three areas: front, middle and rear; the limiting cylinder 11, the first guide rod 8 and the second guide rod 9 are respectively installed in the middle area of ​​the support frame 2, and the seedling guide cylinder 3 is matched and inlaid in the limiting cylinder 11. The seedling guide cylinder 3 can put the seedling container 20 planted with container seedlings from the upper port of the limiting cylinder 11 into the seedling guide cylinder 3. The cylinder body of the seedling guide cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 12 and the bearing seat 13, and the lower end has an inclined end face constituting a sharp end and is hingedly connected to the shoveling plate 4, and the shoveling plate 4 can cooperate with the inclined end face to cover the lower end port of the seedling guide cylinder 3, and the two ends of the connecting rod 12 are respectively matched and connected with the first guide rod 8 ... The limiting guide of the first guide rod 8 limits the vertical movement trajectory of the seedling guide tube 3. At the same time, the first cylinder 5 is respectively connected and installed between the two ends of the connecting rod 12 and the supporting frame 2. The first cylinder 5 is symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the connecting rod 12, and synchronously cooperates with each other to provide balanced power to the seedling guide tube 3, pushing and pulling the seedling guide tube 3 to vertically move relative to the limiting tube 11. The bearing seat 13 is cooperated and connected with the second guide rod 9, and the second guide rod 9 and the first guide rod 8 are used to cooperate with each other to guide and limit the movement trajectory of the seedling guide tube 3. Two second cylinders 6 are carried on the bearing seat 13, and the two ends of the second cylinder 6 are respectively hingedly connected to the bearing seat 13 and the shoveling plate 4. The two second cylinders 6 are synchronously linked to provide balanced pushing and pulling power to the shoveling plate 4, driving the shoveling plate 4 to flip relative to the seedling guide tube 3 with the hinge axis as the central axis, and controlling the lower port of the seedling guide tube 3 to be opened or covered by the shoveling plate 4;The loosening plow 15 and the third cylinder 7 are installed on the front area of ​​the support frame 2 and are loaded with a counterweight 17. The loosening plow 15 is a double-blade plow, composed of a combination of two symmetrically arranged plow blades. The two plow blades have an opening angle between each other that increases the distance between the front ends, so as to facilitate the soil loosened by shoveling to be gathered between the two plow blades. Blades are respectively provided at the lower ends of the plow blades, and the two blades have corresponding inclination angles toward the inside relative to the plow blades. The loosening plow 15 is connected to the support frame 2 through a plow bar 18, and the plow bar 18 is hingedly connected to the support frame 2. The third cylinder 7 is arranged between the plow bar 18 and the support frame 2, and is respectively hingedly connected to the plow bar 18 and the support frame 2. The plow bar 18 can be controlled and driven by the third cylinder 7. The support frame 2 is flipped relative to the support frame 2, thereby lifting or lowering the loosening plow 15, or adjusting the soil shoveling depth of the loosening plow 15. At the same time, a plow bar guide column 19 is installed on the support frame 2, and two plow bar guide columns 19 limit the lateral swinging space of the plow bar 18 on both sides respectively, and limit the plow bar 18 between the two, so as to guide the plow bar 18 to flip within a limited vertical plane; a carrier frame 14 is installed on the upper end of the rear area of ​​the support frame 2 and the counterweight block 17 is installed thereon. The carrier frame 14 has a multi-layer load-bearing surface that can be loaded with seedling containers 20. The counterweight blocks 17 loaded in this area and the counterweight blocks 17 loaded in the front area of ​​the support frame 2 maintain center balance with each other; the soil gathering plate 10 is installed at the lower end of the vehicle disc frame 1, such as; Figure 5 As shown, the two symmetrically arranged soil gathering plates 10 are combined to form an inverted "eight" structure, which is arranged at the rear of the seedling guide tube 3 relative to the front running direction of the vehicle disc frame 1.

[0021] The method of using the forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-loosening function described in this embodiment to transplant container seedlings is as follows: first, place the container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle in a nursery protection area or outdoor forest land in a forest area, arrange and load the seedling containers 20 containing the seedlings to be transplanted on the carrier 14, and balance the counterweights 17 on the entire and rear areas of the support frame 2, reasonably adjust the vehicle load of the container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle, and determine whether it is necessary to pre-loosen the soil in conjunction with transplanting and planting according to the soil properties of the ground soil in the transplanting and planting area. If the soil is soft, no pre-loosening is required, such as Figure 1 As shown, the third cylinder 7 is started to drive the plow bar 18 to flip upward, driving the loosening plow 15 to be lifted above the ground. If the soil is hard and needs to be loosened in advance, the loosening shovel depth of the soil needs to be further determined. On this basis, the third cylinder 7 needs to be used to drive the plow bar 18 to flip downward, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the loosening plow 15 is driven to descend to the corresponding shoveling depth position below the ground and wait for preparation work; then, the travel control system loaded on the container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle is started to drive the container seedling transplanting and planting workshop to continue moving, that is, when it reaches a planting point, it stops moving immediately and starts the planting operation of the seedling container 20 at the same time, and after completing the operation of one planting point, it continues to move to the next planting point until the planting operations of all the planting points in the transplanting and planting area are completed successively and sequentially.

[0022] During the transplanting and planting process at the planting site, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the operator throws one of the container seedlings 20 from the upper port of the limiting cylinder 11 into the seedling guide cylinder 3, and then starts the first cylinder 5 to drive the seedling guide cylinder 3 to form a downward limit until the front end of the seedling guide cylinder 3 is fully inserted into the ground soil. Since the container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle has used the loosening plow 15 to loosen and shovel the hard ground soil during the previous walking process, and the necessary counterweight block 17 is also configured and loaded on the container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle, it is possible to achieve the smooth insertion of the seedling guide cylinder 3 into the soil while ensuring the stability of the container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle at the same time. Then, the second cylinder 6 is started to drive the shoveling plate 4 to flip, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 After the cover restriction of the shoveling plate 4 is released, the container seedlings 20 that have been delivered into the seedling guide tube 3 will naturally fall into the hole made by the shoveling plate 4. Then the first cylinder 5 starts to reset, pulls the seedling guide tube 3 to its initial height, and then the second cylinder 6 starts to reset, pushes the shoveling plate 4 to cover the inclined end surface of the seedling guide tube 3 again, closes the lower end port, and the container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle starts again to move to the next planting point. During the movement, the soil gathering plate 10 installed at the rear of the seedling guide tube 3 will collect the loose soil protruding above the ground formed by the soil loosening plow 15 and the soil shoveled by the shoveling plate 4 to the middle, so that it is filled into the hole where the seedling raising container 20 is placed, covered with soil, and the transplanting and planting operation of a planting point is completed.

Claims

1. A forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function, comprising: A vehicle plate frame (1), a support frame (2), a seedling guide tube (3), a hole shoveling plate (4), a first cylinder (5), a second cylinder (6) and a running wheel (16); the vehicle plate frame (1) is a load-bearing structure, and the running wheel (16) is installed at the lower end; the support frame (2) is connected and installed at the upper end of the vehicle plate frame (1); a vertically arranged limiting tube (11) is connected and installed on the support frame (2); the seedling guide tube (3) is a circular straight tube structure that passes through from top to bottom; the inner diameter of the tube body corresponds to the outer diameter of the seedling raising container (20); the outer diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the limiting tube (11) and is matched and embedded in the limiting tube (11); an inclined end surface is arranged on the lower end head to form a A sharp end, the inclined end surface is arranged in the opposite direction to the running direction of the vehicle disc frame (1), a connecting rod (12) and a bearing seat (13) are respectively fixedly mounted on the cylinder body of the seedling guide cylinder (3), and the shoveling plate (4) is also hingedly connected; one end of the first cylinder (5) is connected to the connecting rod (12), and the other end is connected to the support frame (2); one end of the second cylinder (6) is connected to the bearing seat (13), and the other end is connected to the shoveling plate (4); the shoveling plate (4) corresponds to the inclined end surface structure at the lower end of the seedling guide cylinder (3), can be matched to cover the inclined end surface, and at the same time match to maintain the sharp end structure at the lower end of the seedling guide cylinder (3); It is characterized in that it further comprises: a soil loosening plow (15); the soil loosening plow (15) is arranged in a corresponding area on the front side of the seedling guide tube (3), and is connected and installed on the support frame (2) by using a plow bar (18).

2. A forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil loosening plow (15) is a double-plow blade plow, wherein the two plow blades are symmetrically arranged with a mutual spacing, and have an opening angle between them so as to increase the distance between the front ends. Blades are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the plow blades, and the two blades have corresponding inward inclination angles relative to the plow blades.

3. A forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A third cylinder (7) is provided between the support frame (2) and the plough bar (18), and two ends of the third cylinder (7) are respectively hingedly connected to the support frame (2) and the plough bar (18), and the plough bar (18) is also hingedly connected to the support frame (2), so that the plough bar (18) can be driven by the third cylinder (7) to flip relative to the support frame (2).

4. A forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A plough bar guide column (19) is mounted on the support frame (2). Two plough bar guide columns (19) are arranged vertically on both sides of the plough bar (18) in correspondence with the plough bar (18) to limit the plough bar (18) laterally and guide the plough bar (18) to enable flipping movement within a vertical plane defined by the two plough bar guide columns (19).

5. A forest area container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A first guide rod (8) and a second guide rod (9) are mounted on the support frame (2) and are parallel to the limiting cylinder (11). The first guide rod (8) and the second guide rod (9) are respectively arranged corresponding to the connecting rod (12) and the bearing seat (13), and are respectively connected to the connecting rod (12) and the bearing seat (13) in a corresponding limiting manner, so that the connecting rod (12) and the bearing seat (13) can be guided by the first guide rod (8) and the second guide rod (9) to maintain vertical linear motion.

6. A forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A soil gathering plate (10) is installed at the lower end of the wheel frame (1). The soil gathering plate (10) is a plate body perpendicular to the wheel frame (1). Two soil gathering plates (10) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear part of the seedling guide tube (3) relative to the front running direction of the wheel frame (1). They are combined to form an inverted "eight"-shaped structure, and the bottom ends are respectively flush with the horizontal plane on which the running wheels (16) are arranged.

7. A forest container seedling transplanting and planting vehicle with a pre-soil loosening function as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A counterweight (17) is mounted on the wheel base frame (1) in a balanced manner.

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