Self-locking orthopedic nail puller

Abstract

The utility model provides a self-locking type nail puller for the orthopedics department. The self-locking type nail puller for the orthopedics department comprises a rotating handle, a fixing part, a locking piece and a connecting rod. According to the self-locking type nail puller for the orthopedics department, the nail pulling efficiency is greatly improved, the product structure is simplified, material use is reduced, and the product cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of medical devices, and more specifically to a self-locking orthopedic nail extractor. Background Art

[0002] Various screws or guide pins are usually used in orthopedic surgery to temporarily fix surgical instruments to bones. Some screws or guide pins without threads and caps can be quickly implanted into bones by hammering with a bone hammer, which is convenient and quick to use. However, due to the hardness of the cortical bone, it is difficult to remove the implanted screws or guide pins from the bones. In order to safely and efficiently remove the screws or guide pins from the bones, it is necessary to develop a nail puller tool with a simple structure, convenient use and high efficiency.

[0003] Prior art CN 213758448 U describes a nail extraction forceps, which uses a moving block to push a slider to slide, so that the moving block can resist a target object that matches the headless nail, thereby extracting the headless nail from the bone. This technical solution can control the direction of the force and avoid unexpected movement of the patient's limbs during the nail extraction process.

[0004] The above technical solution uses a connecting rod mechanism to generate relative sliding and a crank slider mechanism to lock, and the structure is relatively complex. In addition, when removing the screw, part of the clamping force provided by the hand is used to lock the screw, and the other part is used to pull out the screw, so a large clamping force is required, and the nail pulling efficiency is low.

[0005] It is based on the above background that the present disclosure is designed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-locking orthopedic nail puller. Based on the existing technology, the self-locking orthopedic nail puller improves the product structure and the screw locking principle. On the one hand, the structure of the nail puller is simplified, the processability is improved, and the cost is reduced; on the other hand, the nail puller can amplify the pressing force provided by the hand through the lever principle, and rely on the friction self-locking principle to use all the amplified pressing force to pull the screw, so that the nail pulling function can be achieved with a smaller hand pressing force, thereby improving the nail pulling efficiency.

[0007] The present disclosure provides a self-locking orthopedic nail extractor, wherein the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor comprises: a rotating handle, the rotating handle comprising a first end, a second end and a first connection point located between the first end and the second end; a fixed part, the fixed part comprising a fixed handle, a cylindrical body and a second connection point located at the end of the fixed handle, the cylindrical body comprising a circular opening located at its end and a first slot located on its side, and the rotating handle is rotatably connected to the second connection point of the fixed part at the first connection point; a locking plate, the locking plate comprising a first part and a second part, the first part being installed in the cylindrical body, and the second part extending from the cylindrical body through the first slot, the first part comprising a hole, the hole being configured to correspond to the circular opening of the cylindrical body; and a connecting rod, the connecting rod comprising a fifth end and a sixth end, the fifth end being rotatably connected to the second end of the rotating handle, and the sixth end being rotatably connected to the second part of the locking plate.

[0008] In one embodiment, the fixed handle comprises a third end and a fourth end, the second connection point is arranged at the fourth end, and wherein one end of the cylindrical body is fixedly connected to the fourth end of the fixed handle, and the other end comprises the circular opening.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first portion of the locking sheet is in the shape of a ring, and the second portion is in the shape of a strip.

[0010] In one embodiment, a distance between the first end of the rotating handle and the first connection point is greater than a distance between the second end and the first connection point.

[0011] In one embodiment, the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor further includes an elastic component installed between the rotating handle and the fixed handle, and the elastic component is configured to provide an elastic force for the rotating handle to move away from the fixed handle.

[0012] In one embodiment, the locking plate is made of ferromagnetic material, and the self-locking orthopedic nail remover further comprises a magnet mounted on the inner lower portion of the other end of the cylindrical body, the magnet being configured to generate an attractive force on the lower side of the first portion of the locking plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the cylindrical body further includes a second slot located on a side surface thereof and opposite to the first slot.

[0014] In one embodiment, the self-locking orthopedic nail remover has a free state, in which the first part of the locking plate abuts against the inner side of the other end of the cylindrical body, and the hole of the first part corresponds to the circular opening of the cylindrical body in a manner that the screw to be removed can be inserted.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first portion of the locking piece is formed to have a convex spherical surface, and the other end of the cylindrical body is formed to have a concave spherical surface or an inner conical surface, so that a spherical surface or a spherical-conical surface fit can be formed between the first portion and the cylindrical body.

[0016] In one embodiment, the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor further has a stress-bearing state, in which the hole in the first part of the locking plate and the screw to be removed achieve friction self-locking.

[0017] In one embodiment, the second portion of the locking plate comprises a boss, which is disposed on a side of the first portion facing the connecting rod and is configured to prevent the locking plate from rotating in the opposite direction.

[0018] In one embodiment, the distance D between the two ridges of the hole of the first part of the locking plate for contacting the screw to be removed in the diameter section satisfies the following relationship:

[0019]

[0020] Wherein, d is the diameter of the screw to be removed, and μ is the friction coefficient between the locking plate and the screw to be removed.

[0021] The above utility model content briefly summarizes some embodiments of the present disclosure to provide a basic understanding of some aspects discussed herein. This utility model content is not intended to provide a broad overview of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to delimit the scope of the present disclosure. The sole purpose of this utility model content is to present some concepts in a simplified form as an introduction to the detailed description presented below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate specific embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the general description of the present disclosure given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 1 is a stereoscopic view of a self-locking orthopedic nail extractor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor shown in a free state;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor shown in a stressed state;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 An enlarged view of the matching details of the locking plate and the sleeve of the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor shown;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 An enlarged view of the boss of the locking plate of the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor shown; and

[0028] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram showing the interaction relationship between the locking piece of a self-locking orthopedic nail extractor and the screw or guide pin.

[0029] It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale and may be somewhat simplified representations of various features that illustrate the basic principles of the present disclosure. The specific design features disclosed herein (including, for example, the specific size, orientation, location and shape of the various illustrated components) may be determined in part by the specific intended application and use environment. Certain features of the illustrated embodiments may have been enlarged or distorted relative to other features for ease of visualization and clear understanding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present disclosure is described below by specific embodiments. It should be understood that specific embodiments are provided only for the purpose of facilitating a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Therefore, the following embodiments are merely exemplary, and the scope of protection of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

[0031] Figure 1 is a stereoscopic view of a self-locking orthopedic nail extractor 10 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the self-locking orthopedic nail remover 10 in a free state; and Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the self-locking orthopedic nail remover 10 in a stressed state.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor 10 includes a rotating handle 11, a fixing portion 18, a locking plate 14, a connecting rod 15 and an elastic component 16. All of the above components can be made of stainless steel. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor 10 further includes a magnet 17 disposed in a fixing portion 18. The fixing portion 18 includes a fixing handle 12 and a cylindrical body 13.

[0033] The rotating handle 11 is in the shape of a slightly curved strip extending along its longitudinal direction, and includes a first end 11a, a second end 11b, and a first connection point 11c located between the first end 11a and the second end 11b. The fixed handle 12 is also in the shape of a slightly curved strip extending along its longitudinal direction, and includes a third end 12a, a fourth end 12b, and a second connection point 12c substantially located at the fourth end 12b. The second connection point 12c corresponds to the first connection point 11c, and the rotating handle 11 is rotatably connected to the second connection point 12c of the fixed handle 12 at the first connection point 11c through a pin. The longitudinal distance between the first connection point 11c and the first end 11a of the rotating handle 11 is greater than the longitudinal distance between the first connection point 11c and the second end 11b. Therefore, when a clamping force is applied to the rotating handle 11 at a position close to the first end 11a, the clamping force is amplified at the second end 11b based on the lever principle, so that the rotating handle 11 can easily pull the connecting rod 15 connected thereto, which will be described in detail below.

[0034] The cylindrical body 13 is a hollow cylindrical shape extending along its longitudinal direction, and is fixedly connected to the fourth end 12b of the fixed handle 12 at one end thereof. For example, the cylindrical body 13 can be welded to the fixed handle 12. Alternatively, the cylindrical body 13 can be formed integrally with the fixed handle 12. The cylindrical body 13 includes a circular opening 13a at the other end. The circular opening 13a is used to allow screws or guide pins fixed to the bone to pass through to enter the interior of the cylindrical body 13, which will be described in detail below. In addition, the cylindrical body 13 includes a first slot 13b on its side, and the first slot 13b is a long rectangle or a runway shape and is configured to facilitate the installation of the locking plate 14 into the cylindrical body 13 through it, and the first slot 13b cooperates with the locking plate 14 after the locking plate 14 is installed in place, which will be described in detail below. Further, the cylindrical body 13 also includes a second slot 13c (see FIG. 1 ) arranged opposite to the first slot 13b on its side. Figure 2 Since the second slot 13 c is arranged opposite to the first slot 13 b , cleaning water and disinfectant etc. can easily pass through the interior of the cylindrical body 13 , which is beneficial for cleaning and disinfecting the nail puller 10 .

[0035] The locking plate 14 is in the shape of a sheet and includes a first annular portion 141 and a second strip-shaped portion 142. The first annular portion 141 includes a hole 141a (such as Figure 2 ). Figure 2In the orientation shown, the second portion 142 is located above the first portion 141. When the locking piece 14 is installed on the cylindrical body 13, the locking piece 14 is first placed in a position parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first slot 13b, so that the first portion 141 of the locking piece 14 passes through the first slot 13b and enters the interior of the cylindrical body 13, and then the locking piece 14 is rotated so that the longitudinal axes of the locking piece 14 and the first slot 13b are perpendicular to each other, thereby the locking piece 14 is installed in place, and the second portion 142 of the locking piece 14 is located in the first slot 13b of the cylindrical body 13 and cooperates with it. At this time, the annular first portion 141 of the locking piece 14 abuts against the end of the cylindrical body 13, the hole 141a is concentric with the circular opening 13a of the cylindrical body 13, and the diameter of the hole 141a is slightly smaller than the diameter of the circular opening 13a. After passing through the circular opening 13a of the cylindrical body 13, the external screw or guide pin will then pass through the hole 141a of the locking plate 14, and then achieve friction self-locking with the hole 141a as the locking plate 14 moves, which will be described in detail below.

[0036] The connecting rod 15 is in the shape of a long rod as a whole, and includes a fifth end 15a and a sixth end 15b. The fifth end 15a is rotatably connected to the second end 11b of the rotating handle 11, and the sixth end 15b is rotatably connected to the end of the second portion 142 of the locking plate 14. Specifically, the fifth end 15a can be rotatably connected to the second end 11b via a pin, and the sixth end 15b can also be rotatably connected to the end of the second portion 142 via a pin.

[0037] The elastic component 16 is installed between the rotating handle 11 and the fixed handle 12, and is configured to provide an elastic force for the rotating handle 11 to move away from the fixed handle 12. Specifically, the elastic component 16 may include a first elastic sheet 161 and a second elastic sheet 162. One end of the first elastic sheet 161 is installed on the inner side of the rotating handle 11, one end of the second elastic sheet 162 is installed on the inner side of the fixed handle 12, and the other end of the first elastic sheet 161 is connected to the other end of the second elastic sheet 162. Figure 2 In the free state shown, the first elastic sheet 161 and the second elastic sheet 162 are in a slightly compressed state, and the reaction force generated by them makes the rotating handle 11 in a position away from the fixed handle 12, that is, a large angle is formed with the fixed handle 12. At this time, the rotating handle 11 does not continue to move in the direction away from the fixed handle 12 because the locking sheet 14 is provided with a boss, which prevents the connecting rod 15 from moving further, thereby preventing the rotating handle 11 from moving further. The features of the boss will be described in detail below.

[0038] With the pressing force F p (like Figure 3As shown in FIG. 1 , the first and second elastic sheets 161 and 162 are further compressed, so that the first and second elastic sheets 161 and 162 generate a greater elastic force. p After release, the rotating handle 11 moves rapidly in a direction away from the fixed handle 12 under the action of the elastic force, so that the nail puller 10 is quickly reset to facilitate the next nail pulling action, which will be further described below. Those skilled in the art will understand that the elastic component 16 is not limited to the configuration of the first elastic sheet 161 and the second elastic sheet 162. For example, the elastic component 16 can also be a coil spring connected between the rotating handle 11 and the fixed handle 12. More generally, the elastic component 16 can be any elastic component that can provide a restoring force for the rotating handle 11.

[0039] The magnet 17 is installed inside the cylindrical body 13. Specifically, the magnet 17 is installed at the lower part of the inner side of the end of the cylindrical body 13, and is configured to generate an attractive force on the lower side of the first portion 141 of the locking plate 14. At this time, the locking plate 14 is made of a ferromagnetic material, such as stainless steel. Therefore, when the handle 11 is turned to drive the connecting rod 15, and the connecting rod 15 further pulls the locking plate 14, the locking plate 14 will initially tilt (such as Figure 3 As shown), the inner wall of the hole 141a is aligned with the screw or guide pin P (as shown Figure 3 The cylindrical outer surface of the locking mechanism (as shown) is tilted and locked, thereby achieving friction self-locking.

[0040] Those skilled in the art will understand that the magnet 17 is only one form of embodiment for causing the locking piece 14 to initially tilt. Alternatively, a tension spring, a torsion spring, etc. may be installed between the lower end of the locking piece 14 and the lower side of the cylindrical body 13 end near the circular opening 13a, which can also cause the locking piece 14 to initially tilt.

[0041] The above describes in detail the various components of the self-locking orthopedic nail puller 10 and their connection relationship. Next, the movement process of the self-locking orthopedic nail puller 10 will be described. When using the nail puller 10 to remove or pull out the screw or guide pin P inserted into the bone, the user can make the part of the screw or guide pin P exposed outside the bone pass through the circular opening 13a of the cylindrical body 13 and the hole 141a of the locking plate 14, and make the end of the cylindrical body 13 abut against the bone. Thus, the fixed handle 12 and the cylindrical body 13 remain fixed relative to the bone. Subsequently, the user presses the rotating handle 11, so that the rotating handle 11 rotates relative to the fixed handle 12 around the pin, and at the same time, the first elastic sheet 161 and the second elastic sheet 162 are elastically deformed. As the rotating handle 11 rotates, the connecting rod 15 is pulled together with the locking plate 14, thereby generating relative movement with the cylindrical body 13. Specifically, the connecting rod 15 and the locking plate 14 will move in a direction away from the circular opening 13a of the cylindrical body 13. Since the magnet 17 generates an attraction force on the lower end of the locking plate 14, when the locking plate 14 is pulled, an initial tilt occurs, so that the inner wall of the hole 141a and the cylindrical outer surface of the screw or guide pin P are tilted and locked, that is, friction self-locking (such as Figure 3 As shown). At this time, continue to press the rotating handle 11, the locking plate 14 will continue to be pulled, and the screw or guide pin P will be pulled together relative to the cylindrical body 13. Since the cylindrical body 13 rests on the bone, the screw or guide pin P will be pulled out of the bone. When the rotating handle 1 is tightened to the maximum position and then released, the first spring plate 161 and the second spring plate 162 will release the elastic force, so that the rotating handle 11 returns to the initial position (i.e., the position in the free state). Subsequently, the user can repeat the above-mentioned nail extraction process. By repeatedly tightening and loosening the rotating handle 11, the screw or guide pin P can be efficiently pulled out.

[0042] It can be understood from the above process that the fixed handle 12 is called a "fixed" handle because it remains fixed relative to the patient's bone during use, and the rotating handle 11 is called a "rotating" handle because it rotates relative to the fixed handle 12 during use. It should be further explained that the above-mentioned "free state" refers to a state in which no clamping force acts between the rotating handle 11 and the fixed handle 12 of the nail puller 10. At this time, under the action of the elastic component 16, the rotating handle 11 and the fixed handle 12 remain relatively fixed and maintain a large angle. The above-mentioned "force state" refers to the clamping force F p The state of acting on the rotating handle 11. At this time, the pressing force F p Under the action of the rotating handle 11, the rotating handle 11 rotates toward the fixed handle 12.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above description, the term "longitudinal direction" is used many times, and its meaning refers to a direction extending in a direction in which a dimension of a component is larger.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to prevent the locking piece 14 from being displaced in the free state, resulting in the hole 141a of the locking piece 14 being not concentric with the circular opening 13a of the cylindrical body 13, so that the screw or the guide pin cannot be accurately inserted into the locking piece 14, the end surface of the locking piece 14 and the end of the cylindrical body 13 that cooperate with each other (that is, the end surface of the first part 141) is designed to be a spherical surface (such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the end of the cylindrical body 13 is designed as a corresponding spherical surface or conical surface, so that a spherical surface fit or a spherical-conical surface fit can be formed between the first part 141 and the cylindrical body 13. For example, the end surface of the locking piece 14 can be designed as a convex spherical surface, and the end of the cylindrical body 13 can be designed as a concave spherical surface or an inner conical surface. Thus, by means of the self-centering characteristics of the spherical surface and the conical surface, in the free state, the locking piece 14 can always be in the expected design position relative to the cylindrical body 13, that is, the hole 141a of the locking piece 14 and the circular opening 13a of the cylindrical body 13 are always kept concentric.

[0045] In another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to prevent the locking piece 14 from locking the screw or guide pin in reverse and causing the release to be stuck, a boss 142a is provided on the second part 142 of the locking piece 14. Preferably, the boss 142a is provided on the side of the second part 142 facing the connecting rod 15 and is perpendicular to the main body of the second part 142, so that when the nail puller 10 is in a free state, the boss 142a is parallel to the connecting rod 15 to prevent the locking piece 14 from rotating in reverse, thereby avoiding the occurrence of a stuck phenomenon. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, when the nail puller 10 is in a free state, the connecting rod 15 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body 13 and perpendicular to the locking piece 14. As a result, the boss 142a for preventing the occurrence of the jamming phenomenon can be perpendicular to the second portion 142 of the locking piece 14 as described above. This increases the ease of manufacturing the boss 142a. Otherwise, if an acute angle or an obtuse angle is formed between the connecting rod 15 and the locking piece 14 in the free state, the manufacturing of the boss 142a will need to be adaptively adjusted.

[0046] As can be seen from the above, the self-locking orthopedic nail puller 10 disclosed in the present invention adopts the friction self-locking principle, which greatly simplifies the structure of the product, improves the processability, reduces the material usage, and reduces the product cost. In addition, the advanced locking principle improves the locking reliability, thereby improving the stability of the product. Friction self-locking does not require a special locking force, so that a smaller hand pressure force can be used to achieve the locking and nail pulling functions, thereby improving the efficiency of nail pulling. In addition, this mechanism can be used for light cylindrical screws or guide pins with a diameter of 1-4 mm, and has a wider range of applications.

[0047] It is worth emphasizing that the hole 141a of the locking plate 14 used in the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor 10 of the present disclosure can be a bare hole, that is, there is no need to process or set a structural feature on the hole wall of the hole to increase the friction force, and the nail extraction function can be achieved based on the friction self-locking of the hole 141a and the screw or guide pin. Specifically, the diameter of the hole 141a of the locking plate 14 can be designed according to the following derivation process.

[0048] refer to Figure 6 , which shows the interaction between the locking piece 14 of the self-locking orthopedic nail extractor 10 and the screw or guide pin P. The inclined locking piece 14 cooperates with the screw or guide pin P. The diameter of the screw or guide pin P to be removed is d, and the distance between the two ridges 141' and 141" of the hole 141a of the locking piece 14 that are used to contact the screw or guide pin P to be removed is D (reference Figure 4 , wherein the upper left ridge 141' and the lower right ridge 141" of the hole 141a are used to cooperate with the screw or guide pin P to be removed), and the friction coefficient between the guide pin or screw P and the locking plate 14 is μ (which depends on the material selection of the two). Figure 6 As shown, the inclined locking plate 14 applies a force F perpendicular to the locking plate 14 to the screw or guide pin P, and the force F can be decomposed into a leftward pulling force F 拉 and downward pressure F 压 Therefore, the friction force between the locking plate 14 and the screw or guide pin is f = μ*F 压 In order to achieve friction self-locking, the following conditions must be met:

[0049] f=μ*F 压 ≥F 拉

[0050] Right now

[0051] because

[0052] so

[0053] Right now

[0054] With the aid of the above formula, the appropriate hole diameter of the locking plate 14 can be calculated based on the diameter d of the screw or guide pin P to be removed and the friction coefficient μ between the two. See Table 1 below, which shows the minimum distance D of the hole 141a of the locking plate 14 when the diameter d of the screw or guide pin P is 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm and 4 mm respectively, and the friction coefficient μ between the screw or guide pin and the locking plate is 0.5.

[0055] Table 1

[0056] d(mm) μ D(mm) 1 0.5 2.24 2 0.5 4.48 3 0.5 6.71 4 0.5 8.95

[0057] It can be seen from the above table that when the diameter of the screw or guide needle P is 1 mm, the distance D can be designed to be 2.24 mm or greater; when the diameter of the screw or guide needle P is 2 mm, the distance D can be designed to be 4.48 mm or greater; when the diameter of the screw or guide needle P is 3 mm, the distance D can be designed to be 6.71 mm or greater; and when the diameter of the screw or guide needle P is 4 mm, the distance D can be designed to be 8.95 mm or greater.

[0058] The purpose of the terms used herein is only to describe specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms of "one", "an" and "said" are intended to include singular and plural forms, and the terms "and" and "or" are each intended to include substitutions and combinations, unless the context otherwise indicates. It can be further understood that the terms "include" or "comprise" are used in this specification to specify the presence of the features, integers, actions, steps, operations, elements or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, actions, steps, operations, elements, components or groups thereof. In addition, when the terms "include", "have", "have", "consist of" or their variants are used in the detailed description or claims, these terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprise".

[0059] Although all the utility models have been illustrated by the description of various embodiments, and although these embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicant to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to these details. Additional advantages and modifications will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present disclosure in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details, representative devices and methods, and illustrative examples shown and described. Therefore, departures from these details may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant's general inventive concept.

Claims

1. A self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10), characterized in that: The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) comprises: A rotating handle (11), the rotating handle (11) comprising a first end (11a), a second end (11b), and a first connection point (11c) located between the first end (11a) and the second end (11b); a fixed part (18), the fixed part (18) comprising a fixed handle (12), a cylindrical body (13) and a second connection point (12c) located at the end of the fixed handle (12), the cylindrical body (13) comprising a circular opening (13a) located at the end thereof and a first slot (13b) located on the side thereof, and the rotating handle (11) is rotatably connected to the second connection point (12c) of the fixed part at the first connection point (11c); a locking piece (14), the locking piece (14) comprising a first portion (141) and a second portion (142), the first portion (141) being mounted in the cylindrical body (13), and the second portion (142) extending out of the cylindrical body (13) through the first slot (13b), the first portion (141) comprising a hole (141a), the hole (141a) being configured to correspond to the circular opening (13a) of the cylindrical body (13); and A connecting rod (15), the connecting rod (15) comprising a fifth end (15a) and a sixth end (15b), the fifth end (15a) being rotatably connected to the second end (11b) of the rotating handle (11), and the sixth end (15b) being rotatably connected to the second portion (142) of the locking plate (14).

2. The self-locking orthopedic nail remover (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed handle (12) comprises a third end (12a) and a fourth end (12b), the second connection point (12c) is arranged at the fourth end (12b), and wherein one end of the cylindrical body (13) is fixedly connected to the fourth end (12b) of the fixed handle (12), and the other end comprises the circular opening (13a).

3. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first part (141) of the locking piece (14) is in the shape of a circular ring, and the second part (142) is in the shape of a long strip.

4. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the first end (11a) and the first connection point (11c) of the rotating handle (11) is greater than the distance between the second end (11b) and the first connection point (11c).

5. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) further comprises an elastic component (16) installed between the rotating handle (11) and the fixed handle (12), wherein the elastic component (16) is configured to provide an elastic force for the rotating handle (11) to move away from the fixed handle (12).

6. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking plate (14) is made of ferromagnetic material, and the self-locking orthopedic nail remover (10) further comprises a magnet (17) mounted on the lower inner portion of the other end of the cylindrical body (13), wherein the magnet (17) is configured to generate an attractive force on the lower side of the first portion (141) of the locking plate (14).

7. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical body (13) further includes a second groove (13c) located on a side surface thereof and opposite to the first groove (13b).

8. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) has a free state, in which the first part (141) of the locking plate (14) abuts against the inner side of the other end of the cylindrical body (13), and the hole (141a) of the first part (141) corresponds to the circular opening (13a) of the cylindrical body (13) in a manner that a screw to be removed can be inserted.

9. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first portion (141) of the locking piece (14) is formed to have a convex spherical surface, and the other end of the cylindrical body (13) is formed to have a concave spherical surface or an inner conical surface, so that a spherical surface or a spherical-conical surface fit can be formed between the first portion (141) and the cylindrical body (13).

10. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) also has a stress-bearing state, in which the hole (141a) of the first part (141) of the locking plate (14) and the screw to be removed achieve frictional self-locking.

11. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that: The second portion (142) of the locking piece (14) comprises a boss (142a), which is arranged on a side of the second portion (142) facing the connecting rod (15) and is configured to prevent the locking piece (14) from rotating in the opposite direction.

12. The self-locking orthopedic nail extractor (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that: The distance D between the two ridges of the hole (141a) of the first part (141) of the locking plate (14) for contacting the screw to be removed in the diameter section satisfies the following relationship: Wherein, d is the diameter of the screw to be removed, and μ is the friction coefficient between the locking sheet (14) and the screw to be removed.

Images