Self-adaptive clamping mechanism

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of clamping mechanisms, in particular to a self-adaptive clamping mechanism which comprises a bottom plate, clamping plates and a driving assembly, the clamping plates comprise a fixed clamping plate and a sliding clamping plate, the fixed clamping plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, and the sliding clamping plate is arranged on the bottom plate in a sliding mode; the sliding clamping plate is in transmission connection with the driving assembly, the driving assembly drives the sliding clamping plate to be close to or away from the fixed clamping plate, and multiple sets of elastic assemblies are fixedly connected to the plate faces of the sides, close to each other, of the fixed clamping plate and the sliding clamping plate. According to the clamping mechanism, the elastic assemblies are arranged, so that the clamping mechanism can well adapt to various products with regular or irregular shapes, the compatibility is good, various clamping mechanisms do not need to be frequently replaced, and the cost is effectively reduced; and due to full-mechanical-structure automatic clamping, the working intensity of operators is reduced, and the injury risk of the operators is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of clamping mechanisms, in particular to an adaptive clamping mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The clamping mechanism is a mechanism used to fix and move workpieces in the mechanical manufacturing process. With the development of modern mechanical manufacturing industry, the application of clamping mechanism is becoming more and more extensive, and its design and use have become an important part of the mechanical manufacturing process, especially in the high-precision and high-efficiency manufacturing process, the role of clamping mechanism is more prominent.

[0003] In the process of automobile parts production or automobile assembly, it is often necessary to move parts. The previous clamping mechanism uses a cylinder designed for a single part, which is not compatible with multiple parts, especially some irregular parts with irregular shapes, which are more difficult to clamp. If parts are moved manually, the handling efficiency is low, the work intensity is high, and it is easy to cause damage.

[0004] Therefore, some methods for solving the above problems are urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects of the existing clamping mechanism that it cannot clamp a variety of products and has poor compatibility. The utility model provides an adaptive clamping mechanism that can clamp a variety of products and has good compatibility.

[0006] In the first aspect, the utility model provides an adaptive clamping mechanism adopting the following technical solution:

[0007] An adaptive clamping mechanism comprises a base plate, a clamping plate and a driving assembly, wherein the clamping plate comprises a fixed clamping plate and a sliding clamping plate, wherein the fixed clamping plate is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the sliding clamping plate is slidably arranged on the base plate; the sliding clamping plate is transmission-connected to the driving assembly, and the driving assembly drives the sliding clamping plate to approach or move away from the fixed clamping plate, and a plurality of groups of elastic components are fixedly connected to the plate surfaces on one side where the fixed clamping plate and the sliding clamping plate are close to each other.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, when working, the driving component first drives the sliding clamping plate away from the fixed clamping plate, moves the clamping mechanism so that the clamping plate is placed on both sides of the product, and then the driving component drives the sliding clamping plate close to the fixed clamping plate to complete the clamping of the product; in the clamping process, the elastic component will first abut the outer surface of the product, as the sliding clamping plate continues to approach, the elastic component abutting against the outer surface of the product is compressed, and the two clamping plates cooperate with each other to clamp the product, thereby achieving compatible clamping, and the place that does not contact the product will not be compressed, so there will be a gap between compression and non-compression, so that the product is not easy to fall off, further ensuring the clamping effect; when putting down the product, the sliding clamping plate is driven by the driving component to move away from the fixed clamping part, and the elastic component is reset. The utility model sets multiple groups of elastic components, so that the clamping mechanism can be well adapted to a variety of products with regular or irregular shapes, and has good compatibility, so there is no need to frequently replace various clamping mechanisms, which effectively reduces costs; and the automatic clamping of the full mechanical structure reduces the work intensity of the operator and reduces the risk of injury to the operator.

[0009] Optionally, the elastic component includes a guide rod, a fixed sleeve and a spring, the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the clamping plate, a sliding through hole is opened on the fixed sleeve, the guide rod is passed through the sliding through hole, and the guide rod is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve, and the spring is sleeved on the guide rod; one end of the spring abuts against the fixed sleeve, and the other end abuts against the guide rod.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the clamping mechanism clamps the product, the guide rod is squeezed and slides, thereby compressing the spring. During the movement of the guide rod, the fixed sleeve has a limiting effect on the guide rod, making the guide rod more stable during operation. The spring sleeve is arranged outside the guide rod. On the one hand, it can provide a force for the guide rod, so that the clamping mechanism can adapt to a variety of products with different shapes. On the other hand, it makes the spring itself less likely to bend, which is conducive to ensuring the stability of the clamping.

[0011] Optionally, the guide rod includes a rod body, a first rod head and a second rod head, the first rod head is fixedly connected to the rod body, and the second rod head is arranged on the rod body away from the first rod head; the cross-sections of the first rod head and the second rod head are both larger than the cross-section of the rod body, and one end of the spring away from the fixing sleeve abuts against the first rod head.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the cross section of the first rod head is larger than the rod body, and the spring sleeve is arranged outside the rod body. This arrangement is convenient for fixing the spring on the one hand, and the clamping mechanism can expand the contact area between the elastic component and the product when working, so as to facilitate clamping the product. The cross section of the second rod head is larger than the rod body, so it can resist the fixing sleeve to prevent the guide rod from falling off.

[0013] Optionally, an elastic body is fixedly connected to a side of the first rod head away from the rod body.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, during the clamping process, the elastic body contacts the outer surface of the product, which can play a certain protective role on the product and prevent the product from being damaged.

[0015] Optionally, the second rod head is detachably connected to the rod body.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide rod and the spring can be disassembled and installed, which is convenient for replacing parts after they are worn out.

[0017] Optionally, the driving assembly includes a stepper motor and a screw rod, the stepper motor and the screw rod are both fixedly connected to the base plate, the screw rod is transmission-connected to the stepper motor, and the sliding clamping plate is slidably disposed on the screw rod.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when working, the stepper motor drives the screw to rotate, and the rotation of the screw drives the sliding clamping plate to slide, thereby clamping or releasing the product. The stepper motor can accurately control the speed, and then control the size of the clamping force to ensure that the product is not damaged.

[0019] Optionally, the driving assembly includes a sliding guide rail, the sliding guide rail is fixed to the base plate, and the sliding clamping plate is slidably disposed on the sliding guide rail.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding guide rail supports and guides the movement of the sliding clamping plate. The sliding guide rail can perform precise linear reciprocating motion in a given direction, thereby improving the precision of the clamping mechanism.

[0021] Optionally, two sliding guide rails are provided, and the sliding guide rails are arranged on the bottom plate on both sides of the screw rod.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the two sliding guide rails can better support and guide the sliding clamping plate, so that the movement of the sliding clamping plate is more stable.

[0023] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. The utility model sets multiple sets of elastic components, so that the clamping mechanism can be well adapted to a variety of products with regular or irregular shapes, and has good compatibility, so there is no need to frequently replace various clamping mechanisms, which effectively reduces costs; and the full mechanical structure automatically clamps, which reduces the work intensity of operators and reduces the risk of injury to operators;

[0025] 2. When the clamping mechanism clamps the product, the guide rod is squeezed and slides, thereby compressing the spring. During the movement of the guide rod, the fixed sleeve has a limiting effect on the guide rod, making the guide rod more stable during operation. The spring sleeve is arranged outside the guide rod. On the one hand, it can provide force for the guide rod, so that the clamping mechanism can adapt to a variety of products with different shapes. On the other hand, it makes the spring itself less likely to bend, which is conducive to ensuring the stability of the clamping;

[0026] 3. During the clamping process, the elastic body contacts the product's outer surface, which can protect the product to a certain extent and prevent it from being damaged;

[0027] 4. During operation, the stepper motor drives the screw to rotate, and the rotation of the screw drives the sliding clamping plate to slide, thereby clamping or releasing the product. The stepper motor can accurately control the speed, and then control the size of the clamping force to ensure that the product is not damaged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic component of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the elastic component of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the guide rod of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] Figure numerals: 1, base plate; 2, clamping plate; 21, fixed clamping plate; 22, sliding clamping plate; 3, driving assembly; 31, stepping motor; 32, screw rod; 4, elastic assembly; 41, guide rod; 411, first rod head; 412, rod body; 413, second rod head; 42, fixed sleeve; 421, sliding through hole; 43, spring; 44, elastic body; 5, sliding guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is combined with Figure 1 - Attachment Figure 4 , the utility model is described in further detail.

[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] The adaptive clamping mechanism disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model refers to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including a base plate 1, a clamping plate 2 and a driving component 3. The clamping plate 2 includes a fixed clamping plate 21 and a sliding clamping plate 22. The fixed clamping plate 21 and the driving component 3 are fixedly connected to the base plate 1. The sliding clamping plate 22 is slidably arranged on the base plate 1. The sliding clamping plate 22 is transmission-connected to the driving component 3. The driving component 3 drives the sliding clamping plate 22 to approach or move away from the fixed clamping plate 21, thereby completing the clamping and loosening of the product. Multiple groups of elastic components 4 are fixedly connected to the plate surfaces where the fixed clamping plate 21 and the sliding clamping plate 22 are close to each other. The elastic components 4 are neatly arranged on the clamping plate 2, and the elastic components 4 on the fixed clamping plate 21 and the sliding clamping plate 22 cooperate with each other. The base plate 1 can be matched and installed on various manipulators or robots, and the manipulators or robots control the clamping mechanism.

[0037] Reference Figure 3 The elastic component 4 includes a guide rod 41, a fixing sleeve 42 and a spring 43. The fixing sleeve 42 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 2. The fixing sleeve 42 is provided with a sliding through hole 421. The guide rod 41 is inserted into the sliding through hole 421. The guide rod 41 can slide in the sliding through hole 421. Figure 4 The guide rod 41 includes a rod body 412, a first rod head 411 and a second rod head 413. The first rod head 411 and the second rod head 413 are relatively installed at the two ends of the rod body 412, and the cross-sections of the first rod head 411 and the second rod head 413 are larger than the cross-section of the rod body 412. The cross-section of the first rod head 411 is larger than the cross-section of the rod body 412, in order to fix the spring 43, and also to expand the contact area between the elastic component 4 and the product when the clamping mechanism is working, so as to facilitate clamping the product; the cross-section of the second rod head 413 is larger than the cross-section of the rod body 412, in order to limit the guide rod 41 in the fixing sleeve 42 to prevent it from falling off. Figure 4The first rod head 411 is fixedly connected to the rod body 412, and the second rod head 413 is detachably connected to the rod body 412, so that the guide rod 41 and the spring 43 can be disassembled and installed, which is convenient for replacement when parts are worn out. The spring 43 is sleeved outside the rod body 412, and one end of the spring 43 abuts against the first rod head 411, and the other end abuts against the fixed sleeve 42. The spring 43 is compressed under the action of the first rod head 411 and the fixed sleeve 42. The first rod head 411 is also fixedly connected to the side away from the rod body 412 with an elastic body 44, and the elastic body 44 is a high-strength film, which has good elasticity and is wear-resistant.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the clamping mechanism clamps the product, the elastic component 4 first abuts against the product's outer surface. As the clamping plate 2 gets closer, the guide rod 41 abutting against the product's outer surface is squeezed and moves away from the product. The spring 43 is compressed, so that the guide rod 41 can fit the product tightly, thereby completing the compatible clamping of the product. The elastic component 4 that is not in contact with the product is not compressed, so there will be a gap between compression and non-compression, and the product is not easy to fall off, further ensuring the clamping effect; after the clamping is completed, the sliding clamping plate 22 moves away from the fixed clamping plate 21, and the guide rod 41 is reset under the action of the spring 43. The elastic body 44 has good elasticity and can protect the product during the clamping process. By setting up multiple groups of elastic components 4, the clamping mechanism can stably clamp a variety of regular or irregular products without damaging the product, and has strong compatibility.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The driving assembly 3 includes a stepper motor 31 and a screw rod 32. The screw rod 32 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom plate 1. The sliding clamping plate 22 is slidably arranged on the screw rod 32. The stepper motor 31 is installed on the bottom plate 1 away from the side of the clamping plate 2 to avoid affecting the clamping of the clamping plate 2. The stepper motor 31 is connected to the screw rod 32 through a belt transmission. The stepper motor 31 can accurately control the rotation speed, and then control the size of the clamping force of the clamping plate 2 on the product to ensure that the product is not damaged. In order to ensure the stability of the movement of the sliding clamping plate 22, both sides of the screw rod 32 are provided with sliding guide rails 5 fixedly connected to the bottom plate 1. The sliding clamping plate 22 slides into the sliding guide rails 5. The sliding guide rails 5 can play a supporting and guiding role during the movement of the sliding clamping plate 22, so that the sliding clamping plate 22 can make precise reciprocating linear motion in a given direction.

[0040] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: when working, first connect the bottom plate 1 to the manipulator or robot, and then control the clamping mechanism to move to the product, so that the product is located between the clamping plates 2; the stepper motor 31 rotates to drive the screw rod 32 to rotate, and the screw rod 32 converts the rotational motion into the linear motion of the sliding clamping plate 22, so that the sliding clamping plate 22 moves toward the fixed clamping plate 21. Under the continuous drive of the stepper motor 31, the elastic component 4 that contacts the product's outer surface (irregular shaped parts) will be compressed, and the elastic component 4 fits the product tightly, thereby completing the compatible clamping of the product. After the manipulator or robot moves the product to the corresponding discharge position, the stepper motor 31 drives the screw rod 32 to drive the sliding clamping plate 22 away from the fixed clamping plate 21 to put down the product; at the same time, the spring 43 rebounds and resets, and the clamping surface of the clamping plate 2 presents a plane, thereby completing the entire process of picking up and placing the product.

[0041] The embodiments of this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the utility model. The same products are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An adaptive clamping mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base plate (1), a clamping plate (2) and a driving assembly (3); the clamping plate (2) comprises a fixed clamping plate (21) and a sliding clamping plate (22); the fixed clamping plate (21) is fixedly connected to the base plate (1); the sliding clamping plate (22) is slidably arranged on the base plate (1); the sliding clamping plate (22) is transmission-connected to the driving assembly (3); the driving assembly (3) drives the sliding clamping plate (22) to approach or move away from the fixed clamping plate (21); and a plurality of sets of elastic assemblies (4) are fixedly connected to the plate surfaces on one side where the fixed clamping plate (21) and the sliding clamping plate (22) are close to each other.

2. The adaptive clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component (4) comprises a guide rod (41), a fixing sleeve (42) and a spring (43); the fixing sleeve (42) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (2) through the fixing sleeve (42); a sliding through hole (421) is provided on the fixing sleeve (42); the guide rod (41) is inserted into the sliding through hole (421), and the guide rod (41) is slidably connected to the fixing sleeve (42); the spring (43) is sleeved on the guide rod (41); one end of the spring (43) abuts against the fixing sleeve (42), and the other end abuts against the guide rod (41).

3. The adaptive clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rod (41) comprises a rod body (412), a first rod head (411) and a second rod head (413); the first rod head (411) is fixedly connected to the rod body (412), and the second rod head (413) is arranged on the rod body (412) away from the first rod head (411); the cross-sections of the first rod head (411) and the second rod head (413) are both larger than the cross-section of the rod body (412); and one end of the spring (43) away from the fixing sleeve (42) abuts against the first rod head (411).

4. The adaptive clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: An elastic body (44) is fixedly connected to a side of the first rod head (411) away from the rod body (412).

5. The adaptive clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second rod head (413) is detachably connected to the rod body (412).

6. The adaptive clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (3) comprises a stepping motor (31) and a screw rod (32); the stepping motor (31) and the screw rod (32) are both fixedly connected to the base plate (1); the screw rod (32) is transmission-connected to the stepping motor (31); and the sliding clamping plate (22) is slidably disposed on the screw rod (32).

7. The adaptive clamping mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving assembly (3) comprises a sliding guide rail (5), the sliding guide rail (5) being fixedly connected to the base plate (1), and the sliding clamping plate (22) being slidably arranged on the sliding guide rail (5).

8. The adaptive clamping mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two sliding guide rails (5) are provided, and the sliding guide rails (5) are arranged on the bottom plate (1) on both sides of the screw rod (32).

Images