Soil retaining plate structure for excavation support of foundation pit or side slope

Abstract

The utility model relates to a breast board structure for excavation and support of a foundation pit or a side slope, and belongs to the technical field of foundation pit support, the breast board structure comprises a plurality of arched breast boards and rectangular breast boards which are located on one side of a cast-in-place pile and stretch across the adjacent cast-in-place pile, the arched breast boards are vertically arranged, the arched breast boards located at the bottom stand on a bedrock layer, and the rectangular breast boards are located on the other side of the cast-in-place pile and stretch across the adjacent cast-in-place pile. A notch of the arched soil retaining plate faces a foundation pit or an existing road, the rectangular soil retaining plates are located below a bed rock layer, the distance between the top point of the curved surface of each arched soil retaining plate and the corresponding cast-in-place pile is larger than the thickness of each rectangular soil retaining plate, and the bottom wall of the arched soil retaining plate located at the bottom makes contact with the top of the rectangular soil retaining plate located at the top. The structure has the effects of reducing the accumulated load of the breast board and ensuring the construction safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of foundation pit support, and in particular to a retaining plate structure used for foundation pit or slope excavation support. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of building foundation pits or existing road slopes, in order to prevent collapse, reduce construction risks and protect personnel safety, support measures must be taken for the excavated foundation pits or existing road slopes. The support of foundation pits or existing road slopes is to protect the safety of the underground main structure construction and the surrounding environment of the foundation pits or existing road slopes, and measures are taken to support, reinforce and protect the side walls of the foundation pits or existing road slopes and the surrounding environment.

[0003] In construction, if it is necessary to temporarily excavate a foundation pit on the side of an existing road, or to excavate and support the slopes of existing roads and municipal projects, the geological conditions of the construction site should be considered during construction, and then a reasonable design should be made. For example, if a foundation pit with a depth of 4m is excavated on the side of an existing road, the bedrock layer is 2m underground. At this time, if the excavation is directly carried out to the bottom of the cast-in-place pile on the side away from the foundation pit, and then the construction is carried out by gradually sinking from the top, and the retaining plates of the same shape are cumulatively installed behind the piles layer by layer, due to the large height of the retaining plate, when the construction reaches the lower part of the cast-in-place pile, the cumulative load of the retaining plate is large, and the retaining plate is prone to construction accidents during the sliding process due to excessive load. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to reduce the cumulative load of the retaining plate, the present application provides a retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation.

[0005] The present application provides a retaining plate structure for foundation pit or slope excavation support, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pits or slope excavations, comprising an arched retaining plate and a rectangular retaining plate located on one side of a cast-in-place pile and spanning adjacent cast-in-place piles, wherein the arched retaining plates are in plurality and arranged vertically, the arched retaining plate located at the bottom stands on a bedrock surface, and a recess of the arched retaining plate faces the foundation pit or an existing road, the rectangular retaining plates are in plurality and located below the bedrock surface, the distance from the curved surface vertex of the arched retaining plate to the cast-in-place pile is greater than the thickness of the rectangular retaining plate, and the bottom wall of the arched retaining plate located at the bottom contacts the top of the rectangular retaining plate located at the top.

[0007] Optionally, the retaining plate structure further comprises a slot key arranged on the cast-in-place pile, and slot openings matching the shape of the slot key are formed at both ends of the arch retaining plate, and both vertical ends of the slot openings penetrate the arch retaining plate.

[0008] Optionally, the cross-section of the slot key is T-shaped, the cross-section of the slot key is smaller than the cross-section of the slot opening, the slot key is slidably inserted into the slot opening, and after the slot key is installed in the slot opening, cement mortar is injected into the slot opening from the arched retaining plate on the top surface.

[0009] Optionally, the retaining plate structure also includes a telescopic rod, which is located between adjacent cast-in-place piles, and has extrusion blocks fixedly disposed at both ends of the telescopic rod for abutting the cast-in-place piles. The telescopic rod is provided with a fixing rod for receiving the arched retaining plate. The retaining plate structure also includes an adjusting part for adjusting the length of the telescopic rod so that the extrusion block abuts against the cast-in-place piles.

[0010] Optionally, the telescopic rod includes a rod No. 1, a rod No. 2 and a sleeve, the rod No. 1 and the rod No. 2 are both sleeved in the sleeve and located on both sides of the sleeve, the extrusion blocks are respectively arranged at the ends of the rod No. 1 and the rod No. 2 that are away from each other, the adjusting member includes a first external thread arranged on the rod No. 1 and the rod No. 2 and an internal thread arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, the first external thread and the internal thread are threadedly connected, and the thread direction of the rod No. 1 is opposite to the thread direction of the rod No. 2.

[0011] Optionally, a first ring is sleeved on the casing, the casing is rotatably arranged in the first ring, a second ring is fixedly arranged on the first ring, the fixing rod is slidably arranged on the second ring and slides toward the supporting soil layer, and the end of the fixing rod away from the second ring is a conical tip for inserting into the soil layer.

[0012] Optionally, a second external thread for rotating into the soil layer is provided on the side wall of the fixing rod.

[0013] Optionally, a connecting rod is provided on the upper end surface of the arched retaining plate, a first connecting hole is opened on the connecting rod, a second connecting hole for inserting the connecting rod is provided on the lower end surface of the arched retaining plate, and an insertion rod inserted into the first connecting hole is slidably provided on the arched retaining plate.

[0014] Optionally, an anti-slip pad is fixedly provided on the end of the extrusion block away from the telescopic rod.

[0015] Optionally, the slot keys are arranged in plurality at vertical intervals and are arranged to a depth to the bedrock level.

[0016] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] 1. During the construction of foundation pits or existing road slope support, when installing arch retaining boards, the sinking method of excavating and supporting behind the piles is adopted for construction and installation; when installing rectangular retaining boards, the sinking method of oblique excavation between piles is adopted for construction and installation, realizing the segmented sinking construction of the retaining boards behind the piles. The arch retaining board is installed to the depth above the bedrock layer and supported on the bedrock to form an arch retaining board wall; the rectangular retaining board is installed to the depth below the bedrock layer to form a rectangular retaining board wall. That is, the end point of the arch retaining board is used as the starting point of the rectangular retaining board, and the bedrock layer is used as the dividing line to realize the change from the arch retaining board wall to the rectangular retaining board wall, and the arch retaining board falls on the bedrock surface, and the rectangular retaining board below is not subjected to the force of the arch retaining board, which effectively solves the problem of large cumulative load on the retaining board. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from the perspective of the excavated soil layer of a retaining plate structure used for foundation pit or slope excavation support in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between an arch retaining plate and a rectangular retaining plate in a retaining plate structure used for foundation pit or slope excavation support in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from the perspective of a foundation pit of a retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a supporting structure of a retaining plate structure used for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 6 It is an exploded schematic diagram of adjacent arch retaining plates of a retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Arched retaining plate; 2. Rectangular retaining plate; 3. Bedrock layer; 4. Slot key; 5. Slot opening; 6. Telescopic rod; 61. Rod No. 1; 62. Rod No. 2; 63. Casing; 7. Extrusion block; 8. Fixed rod; 9. Anti-slip pad; 10. First circular ring; 11. Second circular ring; 12. Turning handle; 13. Second external thread; 14. Connecting rod; 15. First connecting hole; 16. Second connecting hole; 17. Third connecting hole; 18. Insert rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0026] The present application embodiment discloses a retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The retaining plate structure of the foundation pit support includes an arch retaining plate 1 and a rectangular retaining plate 2 located on one side of the cast-in-place piles and spanning adjacent cast-in-place piles. There are multiple arch retaining plates 1 and they are arranged vertically. The arch retaining plate 1 located at the bottom stands on the surface of the bedrock layer 3, and the recess of the arch retaining plate 1 faces the foundation pit or the existing road. There are multiple rectangular retaining plates 2 and they are located under the surface of the bedrock layer 3. The distance from the vertex of the curved surface of the arch retaining plate 1 to the cast-in-place pile is greater than the thickness of the rectangular retaining plate 2, and the bottom wall of the arch retaining plate 1 located at the bottom is in contact with the top of the rectangular retaining plate 2 located at the top.

[0027] When installing the arch retaining board 1, first excavate the space required for the arch retaining board 1 from behind the pile, and then install the arch retaining board 1 on the bedrock layer 3 by sinking construction, thereby forming the wall of the arch retaining board 1. When installing the rectangular retaining board 2, first diagonally excavate the space required for the rectangular retaining board 2 from between the piles, and then install the rectangular retaining boards 2 in sequence from below the bedrock layer 3, thereby forming the wall of the rectangular retaining board 2. The two excavation and installation methods realize the segmented sinking construction of the retaining board behind the pile. At the same time, the arch retaining board 1 falls on the bedrock surface, and the rectangular retaining board 2 below is not subject to the force of the arch retaining board 1, which effectively solves the problem of large cumulative load on the retaining board.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The retaining plate structure also includes a slot key 4 arranged on the cast-in-place pile, the vertical arrangement direction of the slot key 4 is parallel to the length direction of the cast-in-place pile, and slot openings 5 ​​matching the shape of the slot key 4 are opened at both ends of the arch retaining plate 1, and the vertical ends of the slot openings 5 ​​penetrate the arch retaining plate 1. When installing the arch retaining plate 1, the slot openings 5 ​​are inserted into the slot key 4 and slid downward, which is simple and convenient to operate.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 Furthermore, in order to reduce the possibility of the arch retaining plate 1 falling off during sliding, the cross section of the slot key 4 is T-shaped. During the sliding process, the T-shaped slot key 4 is not easy to slide off from the slot opening 5 that matches the shape of the slot key 4, thereby facilitating the installation of the arch retaining plate 1. Furthermore, the cross section of the slot key 4 is smaller than the cross section of the slot opening 5, and the slot key 4 is slidably inserted into the slot opening 5. After the slot key 4 is installed in the slot opening 5, cement mortar is injected into the slot opening 5 from the top surface of the arch retaining plate 1.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4In the embodiment of the present application, the slot keys 4 are vertically spaced and arranged in multiple numbers and the depth is set to the bedrock layer 3, and the vertical spacing distance between adjacent slot keys 4 is 30-40 cm. The slot keys 4 are vertically spaced and arranged in multiple numbers to facilitate the sliding of the arch retaining plate 1.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 In order to facilitate the excavation of the soil layer under the arch retaining plate 1, the retaining plate structure also includes a telescopic rod 6, which is located between adjacent cast-in-place piles. Extrusion blocks 7 for abutting the cast-in-place piles are fixedly provided at both ends of the telescopic rod 6. A fixing rod 8 for receiving the arch retaining plate 1 is provided on the telescopic rod 6. The retaining plate structure also includes an adjusting member for adjusting the length of the telescopic rod 6 so that the extrusion block 7 abuts against the cast-in-place piles. When the arch retaining plate 1 is loaded, the two ends of the telescopic rod 6 are respectively extended in opposite directions by adjustment until the extrusion blocks 7 at both ends of the telescopic rod 6 abut against the cast-in-place piles, and then the fixing rod 8 is placed under the arch retaining plate 1 that needs to bear the load, and the arch retaining plate 1 is received on the fixing rod 8, thereby preventing the arch retaining plate 1 from sliding down when the soil layer is excavated.

[0032] Further, refer to Figure 4 In order to improve the load-bearing capacity of the fixed rod 8, a rubber anti-skid pad 9 is fixedly provided at the end of the extrusion block 7 away from the telescopic rod 6. When the extrusion block 7 is pressed against the cast-in-place pile, the anti-skid pad 9 not only increases the friction between the telescopic rod 6 and the cast-in-place pile, but also reduces the damage caused by excessive force on the cast-in-place pile.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present application, the telescopic rod 6 includes a rod 61, a rod 62 and a sleeve 63. The rod 61 and the rod 62 are both sleeved in the sleeve 63 and located on both sides of the sleeve 63. The extrusion blocks 7 are respectively arranged at the ends of the rod 61 and the rod 62 that are away from each other. The adjustment member includes a first external thread arranged on the rod 61 and the rod 62 and an internal thread arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 63. The first external thread and the internal thread are threadedly connected. Further, the thread direction of the rod 61 is opposite to that of the rod 62. When adjusting the overall length of the telescopic rod 6, the sleeve 63 is rotated, and the rod 61 and the rod 62 are extended in opposite directions respectively until the extrusion blocks 7 at both ends of the rod 61 and the rod 62 are pressed against the cast-in-place pile. The operation is simple and convenient, and it is convenient to store the telescopic rod 6.

[0034] Reference Figure 5In the embodiment of the present application, a first ring 10 is sleeved on the sleeve 63, and the sleeve 63 is rotatably arranged in the first ring 10. A second ring 11 is fixedly arranged on the first ring 10, and the second ring 11 is located on the outer ring of the first ring 10 and at the bottom of the first ring 10. The fixed rod 8 is slidably arranged on the second ring 11 and slides toward the supporting soil layer. A rotating handle 12 for rotating the fixed rod 8 is provided at one end of the fixed rod 8 close to the second ring 11, and a conical tip 12 is provided on the fixed rod 8 away from the second ring 11 for inserting into the soil layer. Further, in order to facilitate the fixed rod 8 to be inserted into the soil layer more easily and quickly, a second external thread 13 for rotating into the soil layer is provided on the side wall of the fixed rod 8. The rotating handle 12 is turned to rotate the fixed rod 8 in the second ring 11 and insert it into the soil layer to be supported, which is simple and convenient to operate.

[0035] Reference Figure 6 In order to facilitate the sliding of the arch retaining plate 1 as a whole along the length direction of the cast-in-place pile, a connecting rod 14 is provided on the upper end surface of the arch retaining plate 1, and a first connecting hole 15 is opened on the connecting rod 14. A second connecting hole 16 for plugging the connecting rod 14 is provided on the lower end surface of the arch retaining plate 1. A third connecting hole 17 is opened on the arch retaining plate 1 and located on the side wall adjacent to the second connecting hole 16. An insertion rod 18 inserted into the first connecting hole 15 is slidably provided in the third connecting hole 17 on the arch retaining plate 1, and the sliding direction of the insertion rod 18 is parallel to the axial direction of the third connecting hole 17. When installing the arch retaining plate 1, the connecting rod 14 on the arch retaining plate is inserted into the second connecting hole 16. At this time, the first connecting hole 15 is connected to the third connecting hole 17. The insertion rod 18 is inserted into the first connecting hole 15 through the third connecting hole 17, so that the connecting rod 14 is fixed in the adjacent arch retaining plate 1. Therefore, in the process of digging and supporting, the arch retaining plate 1 always maintains its height greater than the distance between the slot keys 4 when it slides down, reducing the possibility of the arch retaining plate 1 falling during sliding.

[0036] The implementation principle of a retaining plate structure for foundation pit or slope excavation support in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0037] During the construction of foundation pit or existing road slope support, when installing the arch retaining plate 1, a space for the arch retaining plate 1 is first excavated from behind the pile, and then the arch retaining plate 1 is hung on the slot key 4, and the sleeve 63 is rotated to extend the ends of the first rod 61 and the second rod 62 in opposite directions, until the extrusion blocks 7 at the ends of the first rod 61 and the second rod 62 are pressed against the two cast-in-place piles. Then the rotating handle 12 is rotated to rotate the fixing rod 8 in the second ring 11 and insert it into the soil layer to be supported, so that the arch retaining plate 1 is fixed on the fixing rod 8, and then the space required for the second arch retaining plate 1 is excavated. After the excavation of the space required for the second arch retaining board 1 is completed, the connecting rod 14 above the first retaining board is inserted into the second connecting hole 16 of the second retaining board. At this time, the first connecting hole 15 on the connecting rod 14 is connected to the third connecting hole 17 on the second retaining board. The insert rod 18 is inserted into the first connecting hole 15 through the third connecting hole 17, so that the connecting rod 14 of the first arch retaining board 1 is fixed in the second arch retaining board 1, so that the two arch retaining boards 1 are fixedly connected as one, and then the telescopic rod 6 and the fixing rod 8 are removed. The two arch retaining boards 1 slide downward along the arrangement direction of the slot key 4, and the above steps are repeated until the arch retaining board 1 is installed to the depth of the bedrock layer 3 and then the excavation is stopped, thereby forming the arch retaining board 1 wall. After the arch retaining board 1 is installed, there is a certain gap between the slot 5 and the slot key 4, and the retaining board slot 5 on the pile top is cast in place, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the arch retaining wall and the pile.

[0038] When installing the rectangular retaining board 2, first dig out the space required for the rectangular retaining board 2 obliquely between the piles, and then install the rectangular retaining board 2. The rectangular retaining board 2 is installed sequentially from the bottom of the bedrock layer 3 to form a rectangular retaining board 2 wall. The two excavation and installation methods realize the segmented sinking of the pile rear retaining board, that is, the end point of the arch retaining board 1 is used as the starting point of the rectangular retaining board 2, and the bedrock layer 3 is used as the dividing line to realize the change of the arch retaining board 1 wall to the rectangular retaining board 2 wall, and the arch retaining board 1 falls on the bedrock surface, and the rectangular retaining board 2 below is not subjected to the force of the arch retaining board 1, which effectively solves the problem of large cumulative load on the retaining board.

[0039] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation, characterized in that: The invention comprises an arch retaining plate (1) and a rectangular retaining plate (2) located on one side of a cast-in-place pile and spanning adjacent cast-in-place piles. The arch retaining plates (1) are in plurality and arranged vertically. The arch retaining plate (1) located at the bottom stands on the surface of a bedrock layer (3). The recess of the arch retaining plate (1) faces a foundation pit or an existing road. The rectangular retaining plates (2) are in plurality and located below the surface of the bedrock layer (3). The distance from the vertex of the curved surface of the arch retaining plate (1) to the cast-in-place pile is greater than the thickness of the rectangular retaining plate (2). The bottom wall of the arch retaining plate (1) located at the bottom contacts the top of the rectangular retaining plate (2) located at the top.

2. A retaining plate structure for foundation pit or slope excavation support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining plate structure also includes a slot key (4) arranged on the cast-in-place pile, and slot openings (5) matching the shape of the slot key (4) are provided at both ends of the arch retaining plate (1), and the vertical ends of the slot opening (5) penetrate the arch retaining plate (1).

3. A retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the slot key (4) is T-shaped, and the cross section of the slot key (4) is smaller than the cross section of the slot opening (5). The slot key (4) is slidably inserted into the slot opening (5). After the slot key (4) is installed in the slot opening (5), cement mortar is injected into the slot opening (5) from the arched retaining plate (1) on the top surface.

4. The retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining plate structure also includes a telescopic rod (6), the telescopic rod (6) is located between adjacent cast-in-place piles, extrusion blocks (7) for abutting the cast-in-place piles are fixedly arranged at both ends of the telescopic rod (6), a fixing rod (8) for receiving the arch retaining plate (1) is arranged on the telescopic rod (6), and the retaining plate structure also includes an adjusting member for adjusting the length of the telescopic rod (6) so that the extrusion block (7) abuts against the cast-in-place piles.

5. A retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (6) comprises a first rod (61), a second rod (62) and a sleeve (63); the first rod (61) and the second rod (62) are both sleeved in the sleeve (63) and are located on both sides of the sleeve (63); the extrusion blocks (7) are respectively arranged at the ends of the first rod (61) and the second rod (62) which are away from each other; the adjustment member comprises a first external thread arranged on the first rod (61) and the second rod (62) and an internal thread arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (63); the first external thread and the internal thread are threadedly connected; the thread direction of the first rod (61) is opposite to the thread direction of the second rod (62).

6. A retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sleeve (63) is sleeved with a first circular ring (10), the sleeve (63) is rotatably arranged in the first circular ring (10), the first circular ring (10) is fixedly arranged with a second circular ring (11), the fixing rod (8) is slidably arranged on the second circular ring (11) and slides toward the supporting soil layer, and the end of the fixing rod (8) away from the second circular ring (11) is a conical tip for inserting into the soil layer.

7. A retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side wall of the fixing rod (8) is provided with a second external thread (13) for rotating into the soil layer.

8. The retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the arched retaining plate (1) is provided with a connecting rod (14), and a first connecting hole (15) is provided on the connecting rod (14). The lower end surface of the arched retaining plate (1) is provided with a second connecting hole (16) for the connecting rod (14) to be inserted. The arched retaining plate (1) is slidably provided with an insertion rod (18) inserted into the first connecting hole (15).

9. The retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: An anti-slip pad (9) is fixedly provided on the end of the extrusion block (7) away from the telescopic rod (6).

10. The retaining plate structure for supporting foundation pit or slope excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the slot keys (4) are arranged at vertical intervals and are arranged to a depth reaching the surface of the bedrock layer (3).

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