Tunnel lining plugging structure and system comprising same

Abstract

The utility model provides a tunnel lining plugging structure and a system comprising the same, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment. The tunnel lining plugging structure at least comprises a fixed lower die, a cushion block and a telescopic die assembly, the telescopic die assembly is movably connected with the fixed lower die, and the cushion block is detachably installed at the bottom of the telescopic die assembly in a suspended mode. The telescopic die assembly can move, and at least part of the telescopic die assembly is stacked on the fixed lower die so that the water stop can be clamped between the cushion block and the fixed lower die. The cushion blocks are arranged at the bottom of the telescopic lower die in a suspended mode, the plugging requirement during over-excavation or under-excavation can be met only by increasing or reducing the cushion blocks, meanwhile, the cushion blocks are suspended to the telescopic die assembly and can be taken down along with the telescopic die assembly, and the problem that in the prior art, after pouring construction is finished, the cushion blocks need to be independently dismantled, and the construction efficiency is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, in particular to a tunnel lining blocking structure and a system comprising the same. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel construction, a trolley is usually used to assist in secondary lining operations. This trolley is equipped with an arched formwork that conforms to the shape of the tunnel. During pouring, the arched formwork and the inner wall of the tunnel form a space for pouring concrete, called a pouring cavity. In order to ensure smooth pouring, the mold needs to be closed at the end of the trolley to prevent concrete from overflowing from both sides of the pouring cavity, ensuring that the concrete completely fills the pouring cavity and forms a uniform lining structure that meets the design requirements.

[0003] The traditional way of closing the mold is to use a wooden mold or a steel mold. When closing the mold, the wooden mold or the steel mold needs to be fixed to the corresponding designed position on the trolley by bolts or the like, and the water stop strip needs to be installed during the fixing process. After the pouring is completed, the wooden mold or the steel mold needs to be disassembled. The installation and disassembly methods are all done manually, which has the problems of complicated construction procedures and difficult operation.

[0004] To this end, we developed a tunnel lining plugging system and applied for a patent (patent application number is ZL202311681498.8, hereinafter referred to as Document 1, all of which are incorporated herein by reference). The plugging system of this patent greatly improves construction efficiency and reduces labor intensity. However, in actual use, we once again found problems, mainly in that: at this stage, in the process of closing the mold, in order to better fit the plugging system to the inner wall of the tunnel to achieve the requirements of sealing and plugging, it is usually necessary to set a pad between the plugging plate of the plugging system and the inner wall of the tunnel, including but not limited to an elastomer pad, an alloy pad, etc. However, in the actual construction process, due to changes in geological conditions, operational errors, measurement errors, and design changes, there will often be over-excavation and under-excavation inside the tunnel. When over-excavation and under-excavation problems occur, the existing plugging system usually adds or reduces pads between the plugging plate and the inner wall of the tunnel (see our previous patent ZL202220143996.1, Tunnel Second Lining Trolley Front Polymer Visual Modular Plug System, which was published on September 23, 2022). The tunnel lining plugging system involved in the patent of the above-mentioned document 1 also adopts the existing method of adding or reducing pads, which results in the need to remove the pads separately after each pouring construction is completed. Since the concrete has solidified at this time, it is difficult to remove the pads, which also leads to low construction efficiency.

[0005] In view of this, the prior art needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model provides a tunnel lining plugging structure and a system including the same, aiming to solve the problem of low construction efficiency when removing the pads after the pouring construction is completed in the prior art, so as to further improve the construction efficiency.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A tunnel lining plugging structure comprises a fixed lower mold, a cushion block and a telescopic mold assembly, wherein the telescopic mold assembly is movably connected to the fixed lower mold, the cushion block is detachably suspended at the bottom of the telescopic mold assembly, and the telescopic mold assembly can be moved and at least partially overlapped on the fixed lower mold to clamp the waterstop between the cushion block and the fixed lower mold.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. The present application sets the pads to be suspended at the bottom of the telescopic lower mold, and organically links the two together. When over-excavation or under-excavation is encountered, the pads can be directly increased or decreased as needed. After the pouring construction is completed, as the telescopic mold assembly is retracted, the pads are also removed. Compared with the previous solution of removing the pads separately, the construction efficiency is improved;

[0011] 2. Two types of telescopic sliding modules (a first telescopic sliding module and a third telescopic sliding module) are provided, which improve the movement stability of the telescopic module assembly while meeting the long telescopic stroke requirement of the telescopic module assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present utility model, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present utility model. In the drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tunnel lining plugging structure of the utility model and the tunnel trolley (note: the schematic diagram here only includes part of the tunnel lining plugging structure, so the schematic diagram is not complete, and the complete schematic diagram can be referred to in document 1);

[0014] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of the middle A area;

[0015] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure when the support rod is not installed;

[0016] Figure 4 yes Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure when the pad is removed;

[0017] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure when the suspension unit is removed;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tunnel lining plugging structure of the utility model at one viewing angle;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tunnel lining plugging structure of the utility model from another viewing angle;

[0020] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first telescopic sliding module used in the utility model;

[0021] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first telescopic sliding box is shown;

[0022] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the tunnel lining plugging structure of the utility model when the third telescopic sliding module is used;

[0023] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the third telescopic sliding module shown;

[0024] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 The third embodiment is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second telescopic sliding box at a viewing angle;

[0025] Fig.13 yes Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second telescopic sliding box shown in another viewing angle;

[0026] Fig.14 yes Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the telescopic mechanism shown;

[0027] Among them, 1-tunnel trolley, 2-trolley end face, 3-tunnel lining plugging structure, 4-fixed lower mold, 5-pad, 6-telescopic lower mold, 7-telescopic upper mold, 8-telescopic unit, 9-first telescopic sliding module, 10-second telescopic sliding module, 11-support rod, 12-suspension unit, 13-fixed end, 14-third telescopic sliding module,

[0028] 901-first telescopic sliding box, 902-first sliding column, 903-second sliding column, 904-first driving unit, 905-second driving unit, 9011-first sliding channel, 9012-second sliding channel, 9013-supporting part, 9014-first fixing part,

[0029] 141-second telescopic sliding box, 142-telescopic mechanism, 143-driving mechanism, 1411-main body, 1412-baffle, 1413-installing end, 1414-sliding groove, 1415-second fixing part, 1416-sliding cavity, 1421-telescopic sleeve, 1422-sliding block, 1423-sliding head, 1424-first connecting end, 1425-telescopic column, 1426-second connecting end, 1427-third connecting end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The schematic implementation manner of the utility model and its description are only used to explain the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the utility model provides a tunnel lining plugging structure 3, which includes a fixed lower mold 4, a cushion block 5 and a telescopic mold assembly, wherein the telescopic mold assembly is movably connected to the fixed lower mold 4 (indirectly connected), and the cushion block 5 is detachably suspended and installed at the bottom of the telescopic mold assembly, and the telescopic mold assembly can move and at least partially overlap on the fixed lower mold 4 to clamp the water stop (not shown in the figure) between the cushion block 5 and the fixed lower mold 4.

[0033] It should be noted that in the prior art, when pouring concrete for tunnel lining, a plugging system is required to close the mold. At this time, a pad 5 needs to be set between the plugging plate of the plugging system and the inner wall of the tunnel. When over-excavation and under-excavation occur inside the tunnel, the usual practice is to increase or decrease the pad 5. Since these pads 5 are relatively independent from the tunnel trolley 1 and the plugging plate of the plugging system, the pads 5 need to be removed separately after each pouring construction is completed. However, since the concrete has solidified at this time, the pads 5 are adhered to the concrete, and it will be difficult to remove them, which also leads to low construction efficiency. In addition, the pads 5 in the prior art are all set between the plugging plate and the inner wall of the tunnel. When over-excavation occurs inside the tunnel, multiple pads 5 will be added between the plugging plate and the inner wall of the tunnel. In order to prevent the pads 5 from falling off during the pouring of concrete, it is usually necessary to separately set a support assembly for preventing the pads 5 from falling off, resulting in a complex structure. Different from the prior art, the present invention suspends the pad 5 at the bottom of the telescopic formwork assembly, so that the pad 5 can move with the telescopic formwork assembly. When the pouring construction is completed, the pad 5 is removed while the telescopic formwork assembly is retracted, so there is no need to remove it separately. When over-excavation and under-excavation occur, it is only necessary to increase or decrease the pad 5 suspended at the bottom of the telescopic formwork assembly. Due to the mobility and adjustability of the telescopic formwork assembly, etc., it is more convenient to increase or decrease the pad 5 by adopting this solution. For example, the prior art usually increases or decreases the pad 5 in a narrow space near the inner wall of the tunnel, while by adopting this solution, the pad 5 can be increased or decreased first, and then the telescopic formwork assembly can be moved to the vicinity of the inner wall of the tunnel. In general, by adopting the technical solution of the present invention, the operation efficiency of the tunnel lining concrete pouring construction can be improved.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the pad 5 suspended at the bottom of the telescopic mold assembly is an alloy pad.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the telescopic mold assembly includes a telescopic lower mold 6, a telescopic upper mold 7 and a telescopic unit 8. The telescopic lower mold 6 and the telescopic upper mold 7 are overlapped with each other (misalignment may exist). One end of the telescopic unit 8 is connected to the telescopic lower mold 6, and the other end is connected to the telescopic upper mold 7. When the telescopic unit 8 is telescopic, it can drive the telescopic upper mold 7 and the telescopic lower mold 6 to move away from or close to each other, thereby making the telescopic upper mold 7 close to or away from the inner wall of the tunnel; the cushion block 5 is detachably suspended and installed at the bottom of the telescopic lower mold 6. Through such a setting, when the water stop is clamped between the cushion block 5 and the fixed lower mold 4 by moving the telescopic mold assembly, the telescopic mold assembly can expand or retract in the direction of the inner wall of the tunnel (for the convenience of expression, taking the circular cross-section as an example, the direction toward the inner wall of the tunnel here is the radial direction) to ensure that sufficient blocking space is provided.

[0036] Furthermore, the telescopic unit 8 is arranged on a side away from the casting cavity. In order to ensure that the casting cavity is always blocked when the telescopic mold assembly is telescoped, at least one of the telescopic lower mold 6 and the telescopic upper mold 7 is formed with a blocking plate on a side close to the casting cavity, and when the telescopic upper mold 7 and the telescopic lower mold 6 are away from or close to each other, the blocking plate always blocks the gap between the telescopic upper mold 7 and the telescopic lower mold 6.

[0037] Preferably, the telescopic unit 8 at least includes a telescopic cylinder, which can be a telescopic hydraulic cylinder or a telescopic pneumatic cylinder. As an alternative, the telescopic unit 8 can also be a screw transmission mechanism. It should be understood that the telescopic unit 8 can also be other components that can achieve telescopic movement.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the cushion block 5 is suspended at the bottom of the telescopic lower mold 6 by a suspension unit 12, and the top of the cushion block 5 is closely fitted with the bottom of the telescopic lower mold 6. The suspension unit 12 is mainly provided to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the cushion block 5. At the same time, after the concrete solidifies, the cushion block 5 can be moved together with the telescopic lower mold 6 and then removed.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the pads 5 can be arranged as multiple layers stacked in the vertical direction. In this way, the needs of the actual tunnel can be met by increasing or decreasing the number of layers of the pads 5. It should be understood that the suspension unit 12 can be adaptively arranged. The suspension unit 12 can be a suspension frame or other structures such as a hook.

[0040] In order to better achieve the purpose of the utility model, the telescopic mold assembly and the fixed lower mold 4 are movably connected through the first telescopic sliding module 9, and the first telescopic sliding module 9 includes a first telescopic sliding box 901, a first sliding column 902, a second sliding column 903, a first driving unit 904 and a second driving unit 905, wherein the first sliding column 902 extends in the direction pointing to the inner wall of the tunnel (assuming that the cross-section of the tunnel is an arc, it is in the radial direction), and its end close to the inner wall of the tunnel is fixedly connected to the telescopic mold assembly (detachable or welded), the first telescopic sliding box 901 is slidably sleeved on the first sliding column 902, and the second sliding column 903 is arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel. 1 is also slidably sleeved on the second slide post 903, the extension directions of the first slide post 902 and the second slide post 903 are substantially perpendicular (they can be perpendicular to each other, or there can be a certain deviation), one end of the second slide post 903 is fixedly connected to the fixed lower mold 4, the first driving unit 904 is used to drive the first slide post 902 to slide in the first telescopic sliding box 901 to make the telescopic mold assembly approach or move away from the inner wall of the tunnel, the second driving unit 905 is used to drive the first telescopic sliding box 901 to slide along the second slide post 903 to make the telescopic mold assembly approach or move away from the casting cavity between the top of the tunnel trolley 1 and the inner wall of the tunnel, and when the telescopic mold assembly approaches the casting cavity, the telescopic mold assembly can be at least partially overlapped on the fixed lower mold 4. It should be noted that in the present invention, the movement principle of the telescopic mold assembly can refer to Document 1, which shows a movement process that is basically the same as that of the present invention; the product of Document 1 is our previous generation product, which uses a clamping part including a clamping seat, a sliding sleeve and two telescopic parts to realize the movement of the telescopic mold I (corresponding to the telescopic mold assembly in the present invention). The problems with this clamping part structure are: 1. Some telescopic parts are set at the top, and the overall movement stability is poor; 2. The radial movement and expansion stroke is limited and cannot meet the large stroke requirement. Through the above structural adjustment, we adopt the first telescopic sliding module 9 to make the movement of the telescopic mold assembly more stable. At the same time, since the present invention hangs the cushion block 5 at the bottom of the telescopic mold assembly, this requires the telescopic mold assembly to have a large stroke (radial direction), and the adjusted structure can meet its requirements.

[0041] In a further preferred embodiment, the first drive unit 904 is arranged in parallel with the first slide column 902, the second drive unit 905 is arranged in parallel with the second slide column 903, the first drive unit 904 and the second drive unit 905 are both piston structures, the piston cylinder of the first drive unit 904 is fixedly connected to the first telescopic sliding box 901, the piston rod of the first drive unit 904 is fixedly connected to the telescopic mold assembly, one end (for example, one end of the piston cylinder) of the second drive unit 905 is fixedly connected to the first telescopic sliding box 901, and the other end (for example, one end of the piston rod) is fixedly connected to the second slide column 903, and the end of the second slide column 903 connected to the second drive unit 905 is the end of the second slide column 903 away from the fixed lower mold 4. By adopting the above arrangement, the overall movement of the telescopic mold assembly is highly stable.

[0042] It should be understood that since the first telescopic sliding box 901 is slidably mounted on the first sliding post 902 and the second sliding post 903, Fig. 9 The first telescopic sliding box 901 is formed with a first sliding channel 9011 that slides with the first sliding column 902 and a second sliding channel 9012 that slides with the second sliding column 903. The first sliding channel 9011 and the second sliding channel 9012 may be provided with corresponding structures such as sliding plates and sliding sleeves that cooperate with the first sliding column 902 and the second sliding column 903. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0043] In a further preferred embodiment, the second slide post 903 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fixed lower mold 4. The purpose of such arrangement is to ensure that the first slide post 902 and the first drive unit 904 of sufficient size (length) are arranged, and to ensure that the telescopic mold assembly has sufficient stroke in the extension direction of the first slide post 902. Further, the first telescopic sliding box 901 extends downward at its bottom to form a support portion 9013, and the piston cylinder of the first drive unit 904 is fixed on the support portion 9013 to achieve a fixed connection with the first telescopic sliding box 901. Through such an arrangement, the first slide post 902 and the first drive unit 904 of sufficient size are further ensured, and the telescopic mold assembly has sufficient stroke in the extension direction of the first slide post 902.

[0044] Optionally, a first fixing portion 9014 is provided at the bottom of the first telescopic sliding box 901, and a connecting head is provided at the end of the second sliding column 903 away from the fixed lower mold 4. The second driving unit 905 is fixedly connected to the first telescopic sliding box 901 and the second sliding column 903 through the first fixing portion 9014 and the connecting head, respectively, and the second driving unit 905 is kept parallel to the second sliding column 903. In this embodiment, the second slide column 903 and the fixed lower mold 4 are fixed, and there is no relative movement between the two. Therefore, when the second driving unit 905 drives the first telescopic sliding box 901 to move along the second slide column 903, since the first telescopic sliding box 901, the first slide column 902, the first driving unit 904 and the telescopic mold assembly adopt the aforementioned connection relationship, the telescopic mold assembly can slide along the second slide column 903 driven by the second driving unit 905 and thus approach or move away from the casting cavity between the top of the tunnel trolley 1 and the inner wall of the tunnel; in addition, since the first driving unit 904 is a piston-type structure and can be telescoped, during its telescopic process, it can cause the telescopic mold assembly to approach or move away from the inner wall of the tunnel under the guidance of the first slide column 902.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the second slide column 903 and the first drive unit 904 are connected to the telescopic lower mold 6 of the telescopic mold assembly (see Figure 8 ).

[0046] In order to better achieve the purpose of the utility model, the tunnel lining plugging structure 3 also includes a second telescopic sliding module 10. The structure of the second telescopic sliding module 10 and the first telescopic sliding module 9 can be similar (see Figure 5 ), so it will not be described in detail here, but it should be noted that in the first telescopic sliding module 9, the second sliding column 903 and the first driving unit 904 of the first telescopic sliding module 9 are both connected to the telescopic lower mold 6 of the telescopic mold assembly, and in the second telescopic sliding module 10, the structure corresponding to the second sliding column 903 and the first driving unit 904 is connected to the bottom of the fixed lower mold 4; in the first telescopic sliding module 9, its second sliding column 903 is fixedly connected to the fixed lower mold 4, and in the second telescopic sliding module 10, the structural sliding column structure corresponding to the second sliding column 903 is formed with a fixed end 13, and the second telescopic sliding module 10 is fixedly connected to the tunnel trolley 1 or a blocking system independent of the tunnel trolley 1 through the fixed end 13. The setting of the second telescopic sliding module 10 is mainly used to move the fixed lower mold 4 to a suitable position, such as to fit with the trolley end face 2, and to retract the entire blocking system at the end of the construction. Please refer to document 1, and no detailed description will be given here.

[0047] Preferably, when the telescopic mold assembly moves and at least partially overlaps the fixed lower mold 4, in order to ensure the stability of the telescopic mold assembly and the reliability of the plugging, a support rod 11 may also be provided, see Figure 2 Preferably, one end of the support rod 11 is supported on the telescopic upper mold 7 , and the other end is supported on the second telescopic sliding module 10 .

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the second embodiment, Fig.11 The third telescopic sliding module 14 shown replaces the first telescopic sliding module 9 in the first embodiment.

[0050] Specifically, the third telescopic sliding module 14 includes a second telescopic sliding box 141, a telescopic mechanism 142 and a driving mechanism 143. One end of the second telescopic sliding box 141 is fixedly connected to the fixed lower mold 4. The second telescopic sliding box 141 as a whole is a rectangular frame structure. A sliding cavity 1416 penetrating from top to bottom is formed in the middle of the rectangular frame structure. The telescopic mechanism 142 is slidably arranged in the sliding cavity 1416. The top of the telescopic mechanism 142 is fixedly connected to the telescopic mold assembly. The telescopic mechanism 142 can be telescoped in the direction pointing to the inner wall of the tunnel and thus push the telescopic mold assembly close to or away from the inner wall of the tunnel. The driving mechanism 143 is connected to the telescopic mechanism 142 and can push the telescopic mechanism 142 to slide in the sliding cavity 1416, so that the telescopic mold assembly is close to or away from the casting cavity between the top of the tunnel trolley 1 and the inner wall of the tunnel. By adopting the second telescopic sliding box 141 of a rectangular frame structure, the telescopic mechanism 142 and the like are effectively limited. At the same time, since the second telescopic sliding box 141 is fixed relative to the fixed lower mold 4, the stability of the entire structure is further improved.

[0051] For further information, see Fig.14The telescopic mechanism 142 includes a telescopic sleeve 1421, a sliding block 1422, a telescopic column 1425 and a lifting unit. The top of the telescopic sleeve 1421 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 1422. The telescopic column 1425 is slidably arranged in the telescopic sleeve 1421 and the sliding block 1422 and at least partially extends to the top of the sliding block 1422. The extension direction of the telescopic column 1425 is the same as that of the telescopic sleeve 1421. One end of the telescopic column 1425 away from the telescopic sleeve 1421 is fixedly connected to the telescopic mold assembly. The telescopic mechanism 142 is slidably arranged in the sliding cavity 1416 through its sliding block 1422. One end of the lifting unit is connected to the telescopic sleeve 1421, and the other end is connected to the telescopic column 1425. Under the pushing action of the lifting unit, the telescopic column 1425 can be extended or retracted from the telescopic sleeve 1421 to push the telescopic mold assembly close to or away from the inner wall of the tunnel. It should be noted that since the top of the telescopic sleeve 1421 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 1422, and the sliding block 1422 is slidably set in the sliding cavity 1416, the telescopic sleeve 1421 can only slide along the sliding block 1422, and cannot be telescoped along its extension direction. The telescopic mechanism 142 is actually telescopically extended or retracted by the telescopic column 1425 extending from or retracting the telescopic sleeve 1421.

[0052] Furthermore, the lifting unit is a piston structure, and the bottom of the piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic sleeve 1421, for example, by Fig.14 The first connecting end 142 shown, the top of the piston rod of the lifting unit is fixedly connected to the telescopic column 1425, for example, by Fig.14 The second connection end 1426 shown, the top of the telescopic column 1425 is connected to the telescopic mold assembly, for example, the telescopic lower mold 6 of the telescopic mold assembly through the third connection end 1427. It can be understood that the top of the piston rod of the lifting unit can also be connected to the telescopic lower mold 6 of the telescopic mold assembly.

[0053] Furthermore, the second telescopic sliding box 141 includes a body 1411, which is fixedly connected to the fixed lower mold 4 through a mounting end 1413. The body 1411 is detachably provided with a baffle 1412 at one end opposite to the mounting end 1413. An open groove that penetrates vertically and opens toward the baffle 1412 is formed in the middle of the body 1411. The baffle 1412 blocks the open groove, thereby forming the sliding groove that penetrates vertically in the middle of the frame structure of the second telescopic sliding box 141. The sliding groove 1414 is provided on the side wall of the body 1411, and the sliding groove 1414 connects the sliding cavity 1416 to the outside of the body 1411. The telescopic mechanism 142 also includes a sliding head 1423 fixedly connected to the sliding block 1422, and the sliding head 1423 is slidably arranged at the sliding groove 1414. The driving mechanism 143 is arranged outside the body 1411, and one end of the driving mechanism 143 is connected to the sliding head 1423, and the other end is connected to the body 1411 (for example, through Fig.12 As shown in the second fixing portion 1415, the driving mechanism 143 can drive the sliding block 1422 to slide in the sliding cavity 1416 through the sliding head 1423. Preferably, the driving mechanism 143 also adopts a piston structure.

[0054] Embodiment 3

[0055] See also Figure 1 Combined with the content of Document 1, it can be understood that, to achieve the closing of the casting cavity, it is usually not enough to set only one tunnel lining plugging structure 3, and the plugging system often needs to include multiple tunnel lining plugging structures 3, which can be spliced ​​with each other and fit with the surrounding rock of the inner wall of the tunnel to form a plug for the casting cavity. Therefore, the plugging system including Embodiments 1 and 2 should also fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0056] It should also be noted that, when the utility model is in use, a pad can still be set on the top of the telescopic upper mold 7, preferably an elastic rubber pad, and only one layer of the elastic rubber pad can be set. When encountering over-excavation, there is no need to increase its thickness, but it can be done by adding a pad 5 at the telescopic lower mold 6. The elastic rubber pad can be thinner, and it does not need to be retrieved after the concrete pouring construction is completed. The main purpose of setting the elastic rubber pad is to allow the telescopic upper mold 7 to better fit the surrounding rock of the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0058] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining plugging structure (3), comprising a fixed lower mold (4), a cushion block (5) and a telescopic mold assembly, characterized in that: The telescopic mold assembly is movably connected to the fixed lower mold (4), and the cushion block (5) is detachably suspended and installed at the bottom of the telescopic mold assembly. The telescopic mold assembly can move and at least partially overlap on the fixed lower mold (4) to clamp the water stop between the cushion block (5) and the fixed lower mold (4).

2. A tunnel lining plugging structure (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mould assembly comprises a telescopic lower mould (6), a telescopic upper mould (7) and a telescopic unit (8); the telescopic lower mould (6) and the telescopic upper mould (7) are stacked on each other; one end of the telescopic unit (8) is connected to the telescopic lower mould (6) and the other end is connected to the telescopic upper mould (7); the telescopic unit (8) can drive the telescopic upper mould (7) and the telescopic lower mould (6) to move away from or towards each other, thereby causing the telescopic upper mould (7) to move towards or away from the inner wall of the tunnel.

3. A tunnel lining plugging structure (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cushion block (5) is detachably suspended and installed at the bottom of the telescopic lower mold (6).

4. A tunnel lining plugging structure (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The telescopic mold assembly is movably connected to the fixed lower mold (4) via a first telescopic sliding module (9), the first telescopic sliding module (9) comprising a first telescopic sliding box (901), a first sliding column (902), a second sliding column (903), a first driving unit (904) and a second driving unit (905), wherein the first sliding column (902) extends in a direction pointing to an inner wall of the tunnel, and one end thereof close to the inner wall of the tunnel is connected to the telescopic mold assembly, the second sliding column (903) is arranged along an extension direction of the tunnel, and the first telescopic sliding box (901) is connected to the fixed lower mold (4) via a first telescopic sliding module (9), wherein the first telescopic sliding box (901) is connected to the fixed lower mold (4) via a first telescopic sliding module (9), and the first telescopic sliding box (901) is connected to the fixed lower mold (4) via a first telescopic sliding module (9). ) is slidably sleeved on a first slide column (902) and a second slide column (903), one end of the second slide column (903) is fixedly connected to a fixed lower mold (4), a first driving unit (904) is used to drive the first slide column (902) to slide in the first telescopic sliding box (901) so that the telescopic mold assembly approaches or moves away from the inner wall of the tunnel, and a second driving unit (905) is used to drive the first telescopic sliding box (901) to slide along the second slide column (903) so that the telescopic mold assembly approaches or moves away from the casting cavity between the top of the tunnel trolley (1) and the inner wall of the tunnel.

5. A tunnel lining plugging structure (3) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first drive unit (904) and the second drive unit (905) are both piston-type structures. The piston cylinder of the first drive unit (904) is connected to the first telescopic sliding box (901), the piston rod of the first drive unit (904) is connected to the telescopic mold assembly, and one end of the second drive unit (905) is connected to the first telescopic sliding box (901), and the other end is connected to the second sliding column (903).

6. A tunnel lining plugging structure (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second slide column (903) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fixed lower mold (4), and the first telescopic sliding box (901) extends downward at its bottom to form a support portion (9013), and the piston cylinder of the first driving unit (904) is arranged on the support portion (9013) to achieve its connection with the first telescopic sliding box (901).

7. A tunnel lining plugging structure (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The telescopic mold assembly is movably connected to the fixed lower mold (4) via a third telescopic sliding module (14). The third telescopic sliding module (14) comprises a second telescopic sliding box (141), a telescopic mechanism (142) and a driving mechanism (143). One end of the second telescopic sliding box (141) is fixedly connected to the fixed lower mold (4). A sliding cavity (1416) penetrating from top to bottom is formed in the middle of the second telescopic sliding box (141). The telescopic mechanism (142) is slidably arranged in the sliding cavity (1416). The top of the telescopic mechanism (142) is connected to the telescopic mold assembly. The telescopic mechanism (142) can be telescoped in a direction pointing to the inner wall of the tunnel, thereby pushing the telescopic mold assembly close to or away from the inner wall of the tunnel. The driving mechanism (143) is connected to the telescopic mechanism (142) and can push the telescopic mechanism (142) to slide in the sliding cavity (1416), so that the telescopic mold assembly is close to or away from the casting cavity between the top of the tunnel trolley (1) and the inner wall of the tunnel.

8. A tunnel lining plugging structure (3) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (142) comprises a telescopic sleeve (1421), a sliding block (1422), a telescopic column (1425) and a lifting unit. The top of the telescopic sleeve (1421) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (1422). The telescopic column (1425) is slidably arranged in the telescopic sleeve (1421) and the sliding block (1422) and at least partially extends above the top of the sliding block (1422). One end of the telescopic column (1425) away from the telescopic sleeve (1421) is connected to the telescopic mold assembly. The telescopic mechanism (142) is slidably arranged in the sliding cavity (1416) through its sliding block (1422). One end of the lifting unit is connected to the telescopic sleeve (1421), and the other end is connected to the telescopic column (1425) or the telescopic mold assembly. Under the pushing action of the lifting unit, the telescopic column (1425) can be extended or retracted from the telescopic sleeve (1421) to push the telescopic mold assembly close to or away from the inner wall of the tunnel.

9. A tunnel lining plugging structure (3) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second telescopic sliding box (141) comprises a main body (1411), the main body (1411) is fixedly connected to the fixed lower mold (4) via a mounting end (1413), a baffle (1412) is detachably provided on the main body (1411) at the end opposite to the mounting end (1413), an open groove which is opened upward and downward and is opened toward the baffle (1412) is formed in the middle of the main body (1411), the baffle (1412) blocks the open groove, thereby forming the sliding cavity (1416) in the middle of the second telescopic sliding box (141), and a sliding groove (1416) is also provided on the side wall of the main body (1411). 4), the sliding groove (1414) connects the sliding cavity (1416) to the outside of the main body (1411), the telescopic mechanism (142) also includes a sliding head (1423) fixedly connected to the sliding block (1422), the sliding head (1423) is slidably arranged at the sliding groove (1414), the driving mechanism (143) is arranged outside the main body (1411), and one end thereof is connected to the sliding head (1423), and the other end is connected to the main body (1411), and the driving mechanism (143) can drive the sliding block (1422) to slide in the sliding cavity (1416) through the sliding head (1423).

10. A tunnel lining plugging system, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of tunnel lining sealing structures (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plurality of tunnel lining sealing structures (3) can be spliced ​​together and fit with the inner wall of the tunnel to form a seal for the casting cavity between the top of the tunnel trolley (1) and the inner wall of the tunnel.

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