Full-water-cooling hearth of garbage incinerator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a garbage incinerator full water cooling hearth which comprises an incinerator fire grate, a front arch water cooling wall, a side wall water cooling wall and a rear arch water cooling wall are arranged on the incinerator fire grate, the front arch water cooling wall, the side wall water cooling wall and the rear arch water cooling wall form an upper combustion chamber, and wear-resistant water cooling walls are arranged between the two side walls of the upper combustion chamber and the incinerator fire grate. The bottom of the wear-resistant water-cooled wall is matched with the surface of an incinerator grate, the wear-resistant water-cooled wall structure comprises two wear-resistant water-cooled tube panels which are symmetrically arranged, and the two wear-resistant water-cooled tube panels are respectively communicated with a boiler barrel, and the wear-resistant water-cooled wall structure has the advantages that the water-cooled wall full-coating design structure of the incinerator hearth is realized, the theoretical combustion temperature of the incinerator hearth can be further reduced, and the combustion efficiency of the incinerator hearth is improved. Therefore, the trend that the calorific value of garbage fuel is gradually increased is adapted, and the problem that the inner wall of the incinerator is seriously coked is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of boilers, and in particular relates to a fully water-cooled furnace of a garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the harmless incineration of urban domestic waste at high temperatures and the supporting waste heat power generation technology have developed rapidly. In large-scale waste incineration power generation technology, domestic waste is usually incinerated with an insulated furnace; in recent years, people's awareness of waste classification and environmental protection has gradually increased, and the calorific value of urban domestic waste has also shown an increasing trend year by year; in addition, the diversification of waste incineration fuels (such as mixing domestic waste with textile and leather industrial waste) has also greatly increased the calorific value of waste entering the furnace for disposal.

[0003] The conventional adiabatic furnace in the existing waste incineration technology, although it uses air-cooled heavy masonry side walls to cool down, has no way to directly reduce the high temperature of waste incineration in the furnace. In the actual operation stage, it is very easy to coke due to excessive temperature, which seriously endangers the safe operation of the waste incineration grate and waste heat boiler. It can no longer adapt to the current production process of urban domestic waste incineration with higher calorific value. At present, the industry has gradually improved the local semi-water-cooled furnace, but because of its low layout rate, it still cannot meet the current situation of high calorific value fuel combustion. Therefore, at this stage, the industry urgently needs a full water-cooled furnace structure that can adapt to high calorific value waste fuel and make the layout structure fully fit the incinerator grate. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a fully water-cooled furnace of a garbage incinerator, which is used to solve the technical problem in the background technology that the furnace of a conventional garbage incinerator is coked at high temperature, which affects the safe operation of the garbage incineration waste heat boiler.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A fully water-cooled furnace of a garbage incinerator comprises an incinerator grate, a front arch water-cooled wall, a side wall water-cooled wall and a rear arch water-cooled wall are arranged on the incinerator grate, the front arch water-cooled wall, the side wall water-cooled wall and the rear arch water-cooled wall form an upper combustion chamber, and wear-resistant water-cooled walls are arranged between the side walls on both sides of the upper combustion chamber and the incinerator grate;

[0007] The bottom of the wear-resistant water-cooled wall is matched with the surface of the incinerator grate, including two symmetrically arranged wear-resistant water-cooled tube screens, and the two wear-resistant water-cooled tube screens are respectively connected to the boiler drum.

[0008] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel includes an inlet header arranged at one end of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel, and an outlet header arranged at the other end. The inlet header is connected to the boiler drum through a downcomer, and the outlet header is connected to the boiler drum through a riser to form a water circulation.

[0009] In some embodiments, a plurality of supporting devices are provided on the grate of the incinerator, and the bottom of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel is supported on the grate of the incinerator through the supporting devices.

[0010] In some embodiments, an incinerator frame is provided on both sides of the incinerator grate, a spring pull rod is provided on the incinerator frame, and the other end of the spring pull rod is connected to the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel to fix the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel on the incinerator frame.

[0011] In some embodiments, a limit device is provided at the middle bottom of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel, and the limit device is an expansion zero point, so that the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel can expand freely before and after the expansion zero point.

[0012] In some embodiments, the upper portion of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel is overlapped with the side wall water-cooled wall, and a protective layer is provided between the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel and the side wall water-cooled wall.

[0013] In some embodiments, the surface of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel is coated with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant casting material or is welded with a nickel-based alloy material.

[0014] In summary, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0015] (1) The utility model realizes a fully covered water-cooled wall design structure of the incinerator furnace, which can further reduce the theoretical combustion temperature of the incinerator furnace, thereby adapting to the trend of increasing calorific value of garbage fuel and avoiding the serious problem of coking on the inner wall of the incinerator.

[0016] (2) The wear-resistant water-cooled wall of the utility model replaces the traditional heavy-clad furnace side wall, and the wear-resistant casting material is laid on the inner side or nickel-based alloy material is used for surfacing welding, which reduces the wear of the garbage raw material on the two side walls during the operation of the incinerator and ensures the long-term safe and stable operation of the incinerator furnace.

[0017] (3) The utility model optimizes the structure of the garbage incineration furnace and reduces the overall load of the incinerator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wear-resistant water-cooled wall tube panel structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the wear-resistant water-cooled wall of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water circulation process of the water cooling structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5This is a structural diagram of the utility model wear-resistant water-cooled wall limit device.

[0023] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0024] 1. Wear-resistant water-cooled wall; 2. Incinerator grate; 3. Front arch water-cooled wall; 4. Side wall water-cooled wall; 5. Rear arch water-cooled wall; 6. Wear-resistant water-cooled tube screen; 8. Inlet header; 9. Outlet header; 10. Support device; 11. Limit device; 12. Spring pull rod; 13. Incinerator frame; 14. Riser; 15. Downcomer; 16. Boiler drum; 101. Comb-shaped reinforcement plate; 102. Support connecting plate; 103. Base; 111. Pad; 112. Limit block; 113. Limit base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A garbage incinerator with a fully water-cooled furnace, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, it mainly includes an incinerator grate 2 and an upper combustion chamber formed above the incinerator grate 2. The upper combustion chamber is composed of a front arch water-cooled wall 3, a side wall water-cooled wall 4 and a rear arch water-cooled wall 5. Wear-resistant water-cooled walls 1 are arranged between the side walls on both sides of the upper combustion chamber and the incinerator grate 2 to replace the conventional insulation furnace wall in the prior art. The bottom of the wear-resistant water-cooled wall 1 fits with the surface of the incinerator grate 2, including two symmetrically arranged wear-resistant water-cooled tube panels 6. The incinerator grate 2 in this embodiment is designed as a stepped type, such as Figure 2 The three-step wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 shown can be fully matched with the three-stage incinerator grate 2, ensuring the water cooling efficiency.

[0028] The two wear-resistant water-cooling tube panels 6 are respectively connected to the boiler drum 16. Specifically, the wear-resistant water-cooling tube panel 6 includes a middle membrane wall, one side of the membrane wall is connected to the inlet header 8, and the other side is connected to the outlet header 9. When in use, the inlet header 8 is connected to the cold water outlet of the boiler drum 16 through the downcomer 15, and the outlet header 9 is connected to the boiler drum 16 through the upcomer 14, forming a complete water circulation loop.

[0029] In this embodiment, a wear-resistant water-cooled wall 1 is designed to replace the conventional insulating furnace wall in the prior art, thereby realizing a fully covered design structure of the water-cooled wall of the incinerator furnace, which can further reduce the theoretical combustion temperature of the incinerator furnace, thereby adapting to the trend of increasing calorific value of garbage fuel and avoiding the serious problem of coking on the inner wall of the incinerator.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] This embodiment is formed on the basis of the embodiment 1, and optimizes the furnace structure and reduces the overall load of the incinerator by setting a specific installation method of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6. Specifically:

[0032] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 , incinerator frames 13 are provided on both sides of the incinerator grate 2, the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 is vertically arranged, and the bottom is supported on the incinerator grate 2 by multiple groups of supporting devices 10, the supporting device 10 is composed of a comb-shaped reinforcing plate 101, a supporting connecting plate 102, and a base 103, the comb-shaped reinforcing plate 101 and the supporting connecting plate 102 are welded to the outside of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6, the base 103 is welded to the incinerator grate 2, and the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 is placed flat on the base 103 through the supporting connecting plate 102, so that the load of the wear-resistant water-cooled wall tube panel 6 can be smoothly transferred to the incinerator grate 2, and the relative sliding between the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 and the incinerator grate 2 can be ensured; one side of the spring pull rod 12 is fixed on the incinerator On the incinerator frame 13, one side is fixed on the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6, and the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 uses a spring pull rod 12 to fix the tube panel on the incinerator frame 13; a limit device 11 is provided at the middle bottom position of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6, and the limit device 11 serves as the expansion zero point and is composed of a pad 111; a limit block 112; and a limit base 113; the limit block 112 is welded to the outer side of the wall of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 through the pad 111; the limit base 113 is divided into left and right parts, which are arranged on both sides of the limit block 112, and the lower part is firmly welded to the incineration grate 2; an appropriate expansion distance is reserved between the limit block 112 and the limit base 113, so that the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 can expand freely before and after the expansion zero point. Furthermore, the upper part of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 overlaps with the side wall water-cooled wall 4 to ensure the relative free expansion between the two side wall water-cooled walls when the boiler is running. The protective layer between the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 and the side wall water-cooled wall 4 can prevent the upper part of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 and the side wall water-cooled wall 4 from wearing during free expansion.

[0033] Furthermore, the surface of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 is coated with wear-resistant anti-corrosion casting materials or clad with nickel-based alloy materials. Specifically, the inner wall of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel 6 needs to take necessary anti-corrosion and wear-resistant measures to prevent the garbage raw materials from wearing the walls on both sides during the operation of the incinerator, and further improve the service life of the wear-resistant water-cooled wall in a high temperature environment; the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant measures of the wear-resistant water-cooled wall tube panel can be laid with wear-resistant anti-corrosion casting materials or clad with nickel-based alloy materials. During implementation, pins are arranged inside the tube panel with wear-resistant anti-corrosion casting, and the casting material is SiC 85 with a thickness of ≮50mm; the cladding material of the clad nickel-based alloy tube panel is Inconel 625 with a thickness between 1.6mm and 2mm.

[0034] It should be noted that the implementation methods not shown or described in the drawings or the text of the specification are all forms known to ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field and are not described in detail. In addition, the above definitions of each element and method are not limited to the various specific structures, shapes or methods mentioned in the embodiments.

[0035] It should also be noted that this document may provide demonstrations of parameters containing specific values, but these parameters do not need to be exactly equal to the corresponding values, but can be approximated to the corresponding values ​​within an acceptable error tolerance or design constraint. Directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., are only referenced to the directions of the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] The above description shows and describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model. As mentioned above, it should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the utility model concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the utility model.

Claims

1. A fully water-cooled furnace of a waste incinerator, comprising an incinerator grate (2), wherein the incinerator grate (2) is provided with a front arch water-cooled wall (3), a side wall water-cooled wall (4) and a rear arch water-cooled wall (5), characterized in that: The front arch water-cooled wall (3), the side wall water-cooled wall (4) and the rear arch water-cooled wall (5) form an upper combustion chamber, and wear-resistant water-cooled walls (1) are provided between the side walls on both sides of the upper combustion chamber and the incinerator grate (2); The bottom of the wear-resistant water-cooled wall (1) fits with the surface of the incinerator grate (2), and includes two symmetrically arranged wear-resistant water-cooled tube panels (6), wherein the two wear-resistant water-cooled tube panels (6) are respectively connected to the boiler drum (16).

2. The fully water-cooled furnace of the waste incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel (6) comprises a membrane wall, an inlet header (8) arranged at one end of the membrane wall, and an outlet header (9) arranged at the other end of the membrane wall. The inlet header (8) is connected to the boiler drum (16) through a downcomer (15), and the outlet header (9) is connected to the boiler drum (16) through an upcomer (14), thereby forming a water circulation.

3. The fully water-cooled furnace of the waste incinerator according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of supporting devices (10) are provided on the incinerator grate (2), and the bottom of the wear-resistant water-cooled tube panel (6) is supported on the incinerator grate (2) via the supporting devices (10).

4. The fully water-cooled furnace of the waste incinerator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An incinerator frame (13) is provided on both sides of the incinerator grate (2), and a spring pull rod (12) is provided on the incinerator frame (13). The other end of the spring pull rod (12) is connected to the wear-resistant water-cooling tube panel (6), and the wear-resistant water-cooling tube panel (6) is fixed to the incinerator frame (13).

5. The fully water-cooled furnace of the waste incinerator according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A limiting device (11) is provided at the middle bottom of the wear-resistant water-cooling tube panel (6), and the limiting device (11) is an expansion zero point, allowing the wear-resistant water-cooling tube panel (6) to expand freely before and after the expansion zero point.

6. The fully water-cooled furnace of the waste incinerator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The upper portion of the wear-resistant water-cooling tube panel (6) is overlapped with the side wall water-cooling wall (4), and a protective layer is provided between the wear-resistant water-cooling tube panel (6) and the side wall water-cooling wall (4).

7. The fully water-cooled furnace of the waste incinerator according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The surface of the wear-resistant water-cooling tube panel (6) is coated with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant casting material or is clad with a nickel-based alloy material.

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