X-band broadband high-gain low-sidelobe end-on-fire antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses an X-band broadband high-gain low-sidelobe end-on-fire antenna, which comprises a horn-type metal reflector, a printed yagi antenna, a conical dielectric rod, a coaxial connector and a fixing bolt. The printed yagi antenna is embedded into the horn type metal reflector from the radiation tail end; the conical dielectric rod is wrapped outside the printing yagi antenna, and the bottom end of the conical dielectric rod is nested in the horn type metal reflector; the conical dielectric rod, the horn-type metal reflector and the printed yagi antenna are fixedly connected into a whole through the fixing bolts. And the coaxial connector is welded on a feeder line of the printed yagi antenna. According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the overall size of the antenna is reduced, and the antenna has the advantages of wide band, high gain, low side lobe, small size and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an X-band broadband high-gain low-sidelobe end-fire antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development and widespread application of radio technology, mobile communication networks are constantly improving, the number of outdoor base stations is increasing, and outdoor communications have basically met people's needs. However, indoor signal coverage and communication quality still need to be improved compared to outdoor ones. Especially for indoor environments such as tunnels and mines, antennas are required to have end-fire, high gain, broadband and other performance.

[0003] Traditional end-fire antennas mainly include Yagi antennas and log-periodic antennas. However, these antennas not only have narrow bandwidths, but are also relatively large in size. Therefore, printed quasi-Yagi antennas and printed log-periodic antennas printed on dielectric substrates are commonly used. However, log-periodic antennas have large lateral dimensions, which is not conducive to integration with other antennas.

[0004] In recent years, printed Yagi antennas have attracted much attention due to their high gain and small size, but they have a fatal flaw: the bandwidth of printed Yagi antennas is relatively narrow, about 5%-10%, and they cannot cover a wider frequency band.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, an antenna with excellent characteristics such as broadband, high gain, low sidelobe, and end-fire radiation pattern is needed. Utility Model Content

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides an X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna, comprising: a horn-type metal reflector, a printed Yagi antenna, a conical dielectric rod, a coaxial connector and a fixing bolt.

[0007] The horn-shaped metal reflector is placed at the rear end of the printed Yagi antenna. The printed Yagi antenna is embedded into the horn-shaped metal reflector from the largest end of the horn-shaped opening of the horn-shaped metal reflector and is fixed at the bottom of the horn-shaped metal reflector. The largest end of the horn-shaped opening of the horn-shaped metal reflector is the radiation end.

[0008] The conical dielectric rod is wrapped outside the printed Yagi antenna; the bottom end of the conical dielectric rod is embedded in the horn-type metal reflector, and the top end is placed in the air; the bottom end of the conical dielectric rod is the end close to the horn-type metal reflector during assembly.

[0009] The fixing bolts fix the horn-type metal reflector, the printed Yagi antenna and the conical dielectric rod together.

[0010] The coaxial connector is connected to the feeder line of the printed Yagi antenna.

[0011] As an optional embodiment, the horn-type metal reflector includes a metal horn and a circular metal base plate, wherein the circular metal base plate is fixed at the smallest end of the opening of the metal horn, and a wire hole and a rectangular groove are provided in the center of the circular metal base plate; the width of the rectangular groove is the same as the thickness of the printed Yagi antenna, and is used to fix the printed Yagi antenna; the wire hole is used to allow the coaxial connector to pass through the metal base plate and be welded to the printed Yagi antenna; N first threaded holes matching the fixing bolts are provided around the circular metal base plate, which are used to connect the various parts into a whole; N is an integer not less than 3; a dielectric rod nesting edge is provided on the end surface of the circular metal base plate connected to the metal horn, which is used to fix the conical dielectric rod.

[0012] As an optional implementation, the printed Yagi antenna includes a dielectric substrate, an active vibrator, and a passive vibrator.

[0013] The dielectric substrate has a conical structure, which can effectively reduce the side lobe level of the antenna;

[0014] The active vibrator is an antipodal Vivaldi structure and is complementarily printed on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate.

[0015] The passive vibrator is an arc-shaped parasitic patch, which is located in the radiation direction of the active vibrator and is printed complementarily on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate.

[0016] As an optional embodiment, the conical dielectric rod includes a conical cylinder and a fixed edge, the shape of the cavity inside the conical cylinder matches the shape of the printed Yagi antenna; the fixed edge matches the nested edge of the dielectric rod, and is used to fix the conical dielectric rod to the horn-type metal reflector. As an optional embodiment, the material of the conical dielectric rod is Teflon with a low dielectric constant, with a dielectric constant of 2.1, which has the advantages of good transmission performance and light weight. It is wrapped around the outside of the printed Yagi antenna to reinforce and protect the antenna as a whole, and can improve the radiation efficiency.

[0017] As an optional implementation, the coaxial connector passes through the wire hole, and the inner conductor of the coaxial connector is welded to the upper feeder line of the printed Yagi antenna; the outer conductor of the coaxial connector is welded to the lower feeder line of the printed Yagi antenna.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The utility model discloses an X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna, comprising a horn-type metal reflector, a printed Yagi antenna, a conical dielectric rod, a coaxial connector and a fixing bolt. The horn-type metal reflector, the printed Yagi antenna and the conical dielectric rod are connected by fixing bolts. The coaxial connector is used to feed the printed Yagi antenna, the conical dielectric rod wraps the printed Yagi antenna, and the end of the conical dielectric rod is placed in the air, which can achieve good impedance matching. The antipodal type Viva LDI structure is used as the active oscillator of the printed Yagi antenna to achieve broadband, and Teflon with a low dielectric constant is used as the material of the conical dielectric rod to improve the radiation efficiency. The horn-type metal reflector is placed at the rear end of the printed Yagi antenna to reduce the energy loss of the rear end and improve the gain of the low frequency. The printed Yagi antenna and the dielectric rod adopt a linear gradient structure to reduce the side lobe, and the printed Yagi antenna is embedded in the dielectric rod, which not only improves the antenna gain, but also further reduces the overall size of the antenna. The antenna has the advantages of broadband, high gain, low side lobe, small size, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of an X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of an X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a front view of a horn-type metal reflector disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a printed Yagi antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a dielectric rod disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a HFSS simulation reflection coefficient diagram of an X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 A Gain diagram of an X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of an X-band broadband high-gain low-sidelobe end-fire antenna simulated by HFSS in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0029] 1-horn-type metal reflector; 2-printed Yagi antenna; 3-conical dielectric rod; 4-coaxial connector; 5-fixing bolt; 11-metal horn; 12-circular metal bottom plate; 13-wire hole; 14-rectangular groove; 15-first threaded hole; 16-nesting edge of dielectric rod; 21-dielectric substrate; 22-active vibrator; 23-passive vibrator; 31-conical cylinder; 32-fixing edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] See also Figures 1-2 The embodiment discloses an X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna, comprising: a horn-type metal reflector 1, a printed Yagi antenna 2, a conical dielectric rod 3, a coaxial connector 4, and a fixing bolt 5.

[0033] The horn-type metal reflector 1 is placed at the rear end of the printed Yagi antenna 2. The printed Yagi antenna 2 is embedded into the horn-type metal reflector 1 from the largest end of the horn-shaped opening of the horn-type metal reflector 1 and is fixed at the bottom of the horn-type metal reflector 1. The largest end of the horn-shaped opening of the horn-type metal reflector 1 is the radiation end.

[0034] The conical dielectric rod 3 is wrapped around the printed Yagi antenna 2; the bottom end of the conical dielectric rod 3 is embedded in the horn-type metal reflector 1, and the top end is placed in the air; the bottom end of the conical dielectric rod 3 is the end close to the horn-type metal reflector 1 during assembly.

[0035] The fixing bolts 5 fix the horn-type metal reflector 1, the printed Yagi antenna 2 and the conical dielectric rod 3 together.

[0036] The coaxial connector 4 is connected to the feeder line of the printed Yagi antenna 2 .

[0037] In another optional embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the horn-type metal reflector 1 includes a metal horn 11 and a circular metal base plate 12, wherein the circular metal base plate 12 is fixed at the smallest end of the opening of the metal horn 11, and a wire hole 13 and a rectangular groove 14 are provided in the center of the circular metal base plate 12; the width of the rectangular groove 14 is the same as the thickness of the printed Yagi antenna 2, and is used to fix the printed Yagi antenna 2; the wire hole 13 is used to allow the coaxial connector 4 to pass through the metal base plate and be welded to the printed Yagi antenna 2; N first threaded holes 15 matching the fixing bolts 5 are provided around the circular metal base plate 12, and are used to connect the various parts into a whole; N is an integer not less than 3; a dielectric rod nesting edge 16 is provided on the end surface of the circular metal base plate 12 connected to the metal horn 11, and is used to fix the conical dielectric rod 3.

[0038] The horn-type metal reflector 1 is used as the reflector of the printed Yagi antenna 2, which improves the low-frequency gain, makes more energy radiated backward radiate forward, and greatly improves the gain of the printed Yagi antenna 2.

[0039] As an optional implementation, Figure 4 As shown, the printed Yagi antenna 2 includes a dielectric substrate 21 , an active vibrator 22 , and a passive vibrator 23 .

[0040] The dielectric substrate 21 is a conical structure, and the use of the conical structure can effectively reduce the side lobe level of the antenna.

[0041] The active oscillator 22 is an antipodal Vivaldi structure, which is printed complementarily on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate 21 to achieve broadband.

[0042] The passive vibrator 23 is an arc-shaped parasitic patch, which is located in the radiation direction of the active vibrator 22 and is complementary printed on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate 21 to serve as a director to improve the gain.

[0043] Preferably, in this embodiment, the passive vibrator 23 uses 24 arc-shaped parasitic patches.

[0044] Preferably, the dielectric substrate 21 has a thickness of 0.5 mm; the copper thickness of the active vibrator 22 and the passive vibrator 23 are both 0.035 mm.

[0045] In yet another optional embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the conical dielectric rod 3 includes a conical cylinder 31 and a fixed edge 32. The shape of the internal cavity of the conical cylinder 31 matches the shape of the printed Yagi antenna 2. The purpose is: on the one hand, it can protect the antenna, and on the other hand, it can improve the overall gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna and reduce the sidelobe level; the fixed edge 32 matches the dielectric rod nesting edge 16, and is used to fix the conical dielectric rod 3 to the horn-type metal reflector 1.

[0046] In another optional embodiment, the conical dielectric rod 3 is made of Teflon with a low dielectric constant, which has the advantages of good transmission performance and light weight. It is wrapped around the outside of the printed Yagi antenna 2 to reinforce and protect the antenna as a whole, thereby improving the radiation efficiency.

[0047] In yet another optional embodiment, in order to make the shape of the inner cavity of the conical cylinder 31 more compatible with the outer shape of the printed Yagi antenna 2, the inner cavity of the conical cylinder 31 has a cylindrical bottom and a conical upper portion.

[0048] In another optional embodiment, the coaxial connector 4 passes through the wire hole 13, and the inner conductor of the coaxial connector 4 is welded to the upper feeder line of the printed Yagi antenna 2; the outer conductor of the coaxial connector 4 is welded to the lower feeder line of the printed Yagi antenna 2.

[0049] It should be noted that the operating frequency band of the X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna disclosed in this embodiment is: 6.95-13.3GHz, the maximum gain is 18.6dBi, and the maximum sidelobes of the intermediate frequency E plane and H plane can reach -15.8dB and -13.8dB respectively. Figures 6 to 8 , are the reflection coefficient curve, gain curve and E and H plane radiation patterns of the X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna described in this embodiment at an intermediate frequency of 10 GHz.

[0050] In this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0051] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on", "disposed on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be a central element. "Fixed on", "disposed on" or "connected to" can be one or more connection methods selected according to actual conditions, such as fixed connection, threaded connection, bonding, and clamping. The element can be understood as a component or a part, etc. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "mode", "specific mode", or "some modes" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or mode are included in at least one embodiment or mode of the utility model embodiment. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or mode. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or modes in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or modes described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or modes, without contradiction.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, which is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. An X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a horn-type metal reflector (1), a printed Yagi antenna (2), a conical dielectric rod (3), a coaxial connector (4) and a fixing bolt (5); The horn-shaped metal reflector (1) is placed at the rear end of the printed Yagi antenna (2); the printed Yagi antenna (2) is embedded into the horn-shaped metal reflector (1) from the largest end of the horn-shaped opening of the horn-shaped metal reflector (1) and is fixed to the bottom of the horn-shaped metal reflector (1); The conical dielectric rod (3) is wrapped around the printed Yagi antenna (2); the bottom end of the conical dielectric rod (3) is embedded in the horn-type metal reflector (1), and the top end is placed in the air; The fixing bolts (5) fix the horn-type metal reflector (1), the printed Yagi antenna (2) and the conical dielectric rod (3) into one body; The coaxial connector (4) is connected to the feeder line of the printed Yagi antenna (2).

2. The X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horn-type metal reflector (1) comprises a metal horn (11) and a circular metal base plate (12); the circular metal base plate (12) is fixed to the smallest end of the opening of the metal horn (11); a wire hole (13) and a rectangular groove (14) are provided at the center of the circular metal base plate (12); first threaded holes (15) matching the fixing bolts (5) are provided around the circular metal base plate (12); and a dielectric rod nesting edge (16) is provided on the end surface of the circular metal base plate (12) connected to the metal horn (11).

3. The X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printed Yagi antenna (2) comprises a dielectric substrate (21), an active vibrator (22), and a passive vibrator (23); The dielectric substrate (21) is a conical structure; The active vibrator (22) is an antipodal Vivaldi structure, and is printed complementarily on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate (21); The passive vibrator (23) is an arc-shaped parasitic patch, located in the radiation direction of the active vibrator (22), and printed complementarily on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate (21).

4. The X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conical dielectric rod (3) comprises a conical cylinder (31) and a fixed edge (32); the shape of the internal cavity of the conical cylinder (31) matches the shape of the printed Yagi antenna (2); the fixed edge (32) matches the dielectric rod nesting edge (16) and is used to fix the conical dielectric rod (3) to the horn-type metal reflector (1).

5. The X-band broadband high-gain low sidelobe end-fire antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coaxial connector (4) passes through the wire hole (13); the inner conductor of the coaxial connector (4) is welded to the upper feeder line of the printed Yagi antenna (2); and the outer conductor of the coaxial connector (4) is welded to the lower feeder line of the printed Yagi antenna (2).

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