Battery protection structure, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery protection structure, a battery pack and a vehicle, the battery protection structure is applied to the battery pack, the battery pack comprises a shell and a plurality of battery cells arranged in the shell, and a first anti-explosion valve is arranged on the shell; comprising a main body which covers at least one of a plurality of battery cells and is provided with a through hole; the covering part is partially connected with the main body and used for opening and closing the through hole; the part, connected with the main body, of the covering part is located on the side, away from the first anti-explosion valve, of the covering part. When high-temperature substances are sprayed out from the through hole, the gap formed between the covering part and the through hole can be located on the side facing the first anti-explosion valve, and the high-temperature substances are guided to flow towards the first anti-explosion valve as soon as possible and discharged out of the first anti-explosion valve. Therefore, when the battery cell is subjected to thermal runaway, high-temperature substances can be discharged in time, and the spreading of the thermal runaway is slowed down.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery protection structure, a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the electric vehicle industry, the number of electric vehicles has increased rapidly, and the safety of electric vehicles has attracted more and more attention. How to improve the safety of electric vehicles has also become the direction of efforts of various manufacturers.

[0003] In the related prior art, each battery module in the battery pack is usually covered with a protective cover (also called a fireproof suit). However, since a single module is usually provided with multiple battery cells, once a battery cell has thermal runaway, the battery cell explosion-proof valve at the top will spray out high-temperature substances. If the high-temperature substances cannot be discharged in time, the high-temperature substances will quickly cause thermal runaway of adjacent battery cells and modules. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a battery protection structure, a battery pack and a vehicle that can discharge high-temperature substances in time when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell to improve the safety of the battery. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a battery pack and a vehicle with a battery protection structure, which can discharge high-temperature substances in time when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell to improve the safety of the battery.

[0005] A first aspect of the present application provides a battery protection structure, which is applied to a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a shell and a plurality of battery cells arranged in the shell, and a first explosion-proof valve is arranged on the shell; the structure comprises: a main body, which covers at least one of the plurality of battery cells and is provided with a through hole; a cover, which is partially connected to the main body and is used to open and close the through hole; wherein the portion where the cover is connected to the main body is located on a side of the cover away from the first explosion-proof valve.

[0006] With the above structure, by setting a cover, the through hole is opened and closed by the cover, so that the through hole can be closed by the cover when the battery cell is normal, so as to shield the battery cell at the through hole, and prevent harmful substances or impurities outside the battery protection structure from entering the battery protection structure to protect the battery cell, and also prevent the battery cell covered by the current main body from being affected by the thermal runaway battery cell in other main bodies. When the battery cell has thermal runaway and sprays high-temperature substances, the cover can open the through hole to allow the high-temperature substances to be discharged, thereby reducing the impact of the battery cell with thermal runaway on the adjacent battery cell, avoiding thermal runaway of the adjacent battery cell, and thus improving the safety of the battery.

[0007] At the same time, by making the part where the cover is connected to the main body located on the side of the cover away from the first explosion-proof valve, when the high-temperature material is ejected from the through hole, the gap formed between the cover and the through hole can be located on the side facing the first explosion-proof valve, so as to guide the high-temperature material to flow toward the first explosion-proof valve as quickly as possible and be discharged from the first explosion-proof valve. In this way, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the high-temperature material can be discharged in time, slowing down the heat spread speed, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0008] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, at least one side surface of the main body is provided with an opening.

[0009] By adopting the above structure, an opening is provided on at least one side of the main body, so that when the battery cell has thermal runaway, the ejected high-temperature material can be discharged from the opening as quickly as possible. Thus, when the battery cell has thermal runaway, the speed of high-temperature material discharge can be increased to improve the safety of the battery.

[0010] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, the main body is provided with the opening on a side facing the first explosion-proof valve.

[0011] By adopting the above structure, the opening is set toward the first explosion-proof valve, so that when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the high-temperature material can be guided toward the first explosion-proof valve through the opening and discharged from the first explosion-proof valve in time, thereby increasing the speed of discharging the high-temperature material and improving the safety of the battery.

[0012] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, any plurality of the plurality of battery cells are arranged adjacent to each other in groups, and the arrangement direction intersects with the orientation of the opening.

[0013] By adopting the above structure, the arrangement direction of the battery cells is crossed with the direction of the opening, so that when the high-temperature material is discharged from the opening, the high-temperature material can be sprayed in a direction away from the adjacently arranged battery cells, thereby reducing the number of battery cells affected by the high-temperature material and improving the safety of the battery.

[0014] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, a rotating portion is provided on the cover, the rotating portion is connected to the main body, and the cover rotates around the rotating portion to open and close the through hole.

[0015] With the above structure, by setting a rotating part on the cover, the cover can open and close the through hole by rotating, so that when the high-temperature material generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell pushes the cover to rotate and open the through hole, the size of the gap facing the first explosion-proof valve is larger than the size of the gap at other positions, so that the high-temperature material can be ejected toward the first explosion-proof valve. In this way, the high-temperature material can be discharged in time, slowing down the speed of heat spread in the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0016] As a possible implementation of the first aspect, a lifting portion is provided on the cover, and the lifting portion is connected to the main body. The cover changes the distance between the cover and the main body through the lifting portion to open and close the through hole.

[0017] With the above structure, under normal circumstances, the cover covers the main body to close the through hole. When the battery cell has thermal runaway, the high-temperature substances generated will push the cover away from the main body, and the lifting part will move the cover up and away from the main body through elastic deformation, folding and unfolding. In this way, the through hole can be opened to discharge the high-temperature substances in time, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0018] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, any plurality of the plurality of battery cells are arranged adjacent to each other in groups, and the arrangement direction is perpendicular to the direction of the opening.

[0019] By adopting the above structure, the arrangement direction of the battery cells is perpendicular to the direction of the opening, so that when the high-temperature material is discharged from the opening, the contact between the high-temperature material and the adjacently arranged battery cells can be reduced or even avoided, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0020] As a possible implementation of the first aspect, any plurality of the plurality of battery cells are arranged adjacent to each other in groups, and the arrangement direction thereof is consistent with the direction of the center line of the rotation.

[0021] By adopting the above structure, the arrangement direction of the battery cells is made consistent with the center line direction of the rotation, so that the direction in which the high-temperature material is discharged from between the through hole and the cover is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells. In this way, the number of battery cells affected by the high-temperature material can be reduced, and the safety of the battery can be improved.

[0022] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, when looking toward the through hole, the battery cell has a long side and a short side, and the arrangement direction is consistent with the direction of the short side.

[0023] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, a sealing plate is provided on at least one side surface of the main body.

[0024] By adopting the above structure, a sealing plate is set on at least one side of the main body, so that the sealing plate can be set toward the opening on the adjacent main body. Therefore, when high-temperature substances are sprayed out from the opening or through hole on the adjacent main body, the high-temperature substances can be blocked by the sealing plate to prevent the high-temperature substances from affecting the battery cells covered by the main body, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0025] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, the main body is provided with the sealing plate at least on a side away from the first explosion-proof valve.

[0026] With the above structure, when multiple bodies are arranged in the direction of the openings, since the openings are arranged toward the first explosion-proof valve, by setting the sealing plate on the side of the body away from the first explosion-proof valve, the openings can be directed toward the sealing plate of the adjacent body. Thus, when high-temperature substances are ejected from the openings, the sealing plate can be used to block the ejected high-temperature substances, preventing the high-temperature substances from being ejected onto the battery cells corresponding to the sealing plate. Thus, the number of battery cells affected by the high-temperature substances can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0027] As a possible implementation of the first aspect, a length between an end of the cover close to the first explosion-proof valve and an end of the cover away from the first explosion-proof valve is greater than a gap between the cover and an inner surface of the shell when the cover closes the through hole.

[0028] By adopting the above structure, when the high-temperature material is ejected from the through hole to push the cover to open the through hole, the opening angle of the cover is limited, so that the angle between the cover and the main body opens toward the first explosion-proof valve. Thus, the high-temperature material ejected from the through hole can be guided by the cover to eject the high-temperature material toward the first explosion-proof valve, so that the high-temperature material can be discharged through the first explosion-proof valve as soon as possible, avoiding the situation where the angle between the cover and the main body cannot be maintained to open toward the first explosion-proof valve when the impact force of the high-temperature material is too large and the cover is too short. Thus, the speed of high-temperature material discharge and the stability of the discharge direction can be improved. In addition, since the length of the cover is greater than the length of the gap between it and the shell, when the cover is impacted by the high-temperature material to fit with the shell, the cover still overlaps at least partly with the orthographic projection of the through hole, that is, when the high-temperature material is ejected from the through hole, at least part of it will impact on the cover, and will not directly impact the shell, thereby protecting the shell.

[0029] As a possible implementation of the first aspect, the battery pack includes a battery module having any number of the battery cells; the battery protection structure further includes: a connecting bracket, which connects the main body and the battery module.

[0030] With the above structure, the main body and the battery module are connected by a connecting bracket, so that the main body can be easily installed and disassembled.

[0031] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, the connecting bracket includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion is sewn to the main body, and the second connecting portion is connected to the battery module.

[0032] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, the second connecting portion includes a connecting hole, and a fastener passes through the connecting hole and is fixed to the frame of the battery module.

[0033] With the above structure, by setting the second connection part as a connection hole, the second connection part can reuse the fastener on the battery module, thereby reducing the number of parts and the difficulty of installation.

[0034] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, the connecting bracket further includes a third connecting portion, the second connecting portion and the third connecting portion are respectively located on both sides of the first connecting portion, and the third connecting portion is engaged with the battery module.

[0035] With the above structure, after the second connection part is connected to the battery module, the third connection part is engaged with the battery module, thereby increasing the limit of the connection bracket, making the connection between the connection bracket and the battery module more secure. By arranging the second connection part and the third connection part on both sides of the first connection part, respectively, after the first connection part is sewn to the main body, the force between the main body and the connection bracket is in the middle position of the connection bracket, thereby improving the stability and firmness of the connection between the main body and the battery module.

[0036] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, the third connection portion is bent toward an opening of the cavity on the frame of the battery module to engage with the battery module.

[0037] By adopting the above structure, the third connecting part is bent toward the opening of the cavity on the frame of the battery module, so that the third connecting part can be easily operated to extend into the opening of the cavity on the frame of the battery module. The third connecting part is limited by the cavity on the frame to prevent the connecting bracket from rotating around the fastener in the second connecting part.

[0038] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, a bending direction of the third connecting portion is the same as an axial direction of the connecting hole of the second connecting portion.

[0039] With the above structure, the second connection part can be fixed to the battery module using a fastener, and after the connection bracket is fixed in the axial direction of the second connection part, the bending direction of the third connection part is made to be the same as the axial direction of the connection hole of the second connection part, so that the third connection part can be bent and inserted into the opening of the upper cavity of the battery module frame to limit the connection bracket, thereby preventing the connection bracket from rotating around the axis of the connection hole of the second connection part. In this way, the stability and firmness of the connection bracket can be improved.

[0040] As a possible implementation manner in the first aspect, a second explosion-proof valve is provided on the battery core; and the through hole is arranged correspondingly toward the second explosion-proof valve.

[0041] With the above structure, by arranging the through hole toward the second explosion-proof valve, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell and high-temperature substances are ejected from the second explosion-proof valve, the high-temperature substances can be easily discharged from the through hole, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0042] As a possible implementation of the first aspect, the battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules, and the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells; the main body is provided with a plurality of batteries, respectively covering the battery modules.

[0043] By adopting the above structure, multiple main bodies are provided to cover multiple battery modules respectively, so that the battery modules can be protected separately to improve the safety of the battery pack.

[0044] A second aspect of the present application provides a battery pack, comprising the battery protection structure described in any one of the first aspects of the present application.

[0045] A third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising the battery pack described in the second aspect of the present application.

[0046] These and other aspects of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiment(s). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The following further illustrates the various features of the present invention and the relationship between the various features with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are all exemplary, and some features are not shown in actual proportion. Some drawings may omit the features that are conventional in the field involved in the present application and are not necessary for the present application, or additionally show features that are not necessary for the present application. The combination of the various features shown in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the present application. In addition, throughout this specification, the same figure numerals refer to the same content. The specific description of the drawings is as follows:

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery pack in this application;

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 One of the three-dimensional structural diagrams after the main body is installed;

[0050] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after the main body is installed;

[0051] Figure 4 for Figure 1 One of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the central body, the cover and the connecting bracket;

[0052] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the central body, the cover and the connecting bracket;

[0053] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The third schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the central body, the cover and the connecting bracket;

[0054] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the side projection structure of the connecting bracket;

[0055] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the bottom orthographic projection structure of the middle connecting bracket;

[0056] Fig. 9 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting bracket;

[0057] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the top projection structure of the vehicle in this application.

[0058] Description of Reference Numerals

[0059] 1 vehicle; 10 battery pack; 100 shell; 110 first explosion-proof valve; 200 battery module; 210 frame; 211 cavity; 220 battery cell; 221 second explosion-proof valve; 230 fastener; 300 main body; 310 through hole; 320 opening; 330 sealing plate; 400 cover; 410 rotating part; 500 connecting bracket; 510 first connecting part; 520 second connecting part; 521 connecting hole; 530 third connecting part; 20 vehicle body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The words "first, second, third, etc." and similar terms in the specification and claims are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects. It is understandable that the specific order or sequence can be interchanged where permitted so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0061] The term "comprising" as used in the description and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to what is listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements. It should therefore be interpreted as specifying the presence of the features, integers or components mentioned, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers or components and groups thereof. Thus, the expression "a device comprising means A and B" should not be limited to a device consisting of components A and B only.

[0062] References to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but may refer to the same embodiment. In addition, in one or more embodiments, the particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any appropriate manner, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure.

[0063] Below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, possible embodiments of the battery protection structure in the present application are exemplarily described.

[0064] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery pack 10 in this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 One of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the middle body 300 after installation; Figure 3 for Figure 1 The second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after the middle body 300 is installed; Figure 4 for Figure 1 One of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the middle body 300, the cover 400 and the connecting bracket 500; Figure 5 for Figure 1 The second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle body 300, the cover 400 and the connecting bracket 500; Figure 6 for Figure 1 The third schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle body 300, the cover 400 and the connecting bracket 500.

[0065] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack 10 in the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 100 and a plurality of battery cells 220 disposed in the housing 100, and a first explosion-proof valve 110 is disposed on the housing 100. Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, the battery protection structure in the present application is applied to the battery pack 10, including a main body 300 and a cover 400. Among them, the main body 300 covers at least one of the multiple battery cells 220, and a through hole 310 is provided on the main body 300. The cover 400 is partially connected to the main body 300 for opening and closing the through hole 310. Among them, the part where the cover 400 is connected to the main body 300 is located on the side of the cover 400 away from the first explosion-proof valve 110 (one side refers to the area close to the end face). From the above, by setting the cover 400, the through hole 310 is opened and closed by the cover 400, so that the through hole 310 can be closed by the cover 400 under normal circumstances of the battery cell 220, so as to shield the battery cell 220 at the through hole 310, prevent harmful substances or impurities outside the battery protection structure from entering the battery protection structure, so as to protect the battery cell 220, and also prevent the battery cell 220 covered by the current main body 300 from being affected by the thermal runaway battery cell 220 in other main bodies 300. When the battery cell 220 experiences thermal runaway and sprays out high-temperature substances, the cover 400 can open the through hole 310 to allow the high-temperature substances to be discharged, thereby reducing the impact of the battery cell 220 experiencing thermal runaway on the adjacent battery cell 220, avoiding thermal runaway of the adjacent battery cell 220, and improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0066] At the same time, by making the portion where the cover 400 is connected to the main body 300 located on the side of the cover 400 away from the first explosion-proof valve 110, when the high-temperature substance is ejected from the through hole 310, the gap formed between the cover 400 and the through hole 310 can be located on the side facing the first explosion-proof valve 110, so as to guide the high-temperature substance to flow toward the first explosion-proof valve 110 as soon as possible and be discharged from the first explosion-proof valve 110, while on the side away from the first explosion-proof valve 110, the portion where the cover 400 is connected to the main body 300 can block the high-temperature substance and prevent the high-temperature substance from flowing in the direction away from the first explosion-proof valve 110. As a result, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 220, the high-temperature substance can be discharged in time, slowing down the heat spread speed, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0067] It should be noted that the main body 300 and the cover 400 are both made of flame-retardant and heat-insulating materials.

[0068] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, the cover 400 is provided with a rotating part 410, the rotating part 410 is connected to the main body 300, and the cover 400 rotates around the rotating part 410 to open and close the through hole 310. Therefore, by providing the rotating part 410 on the cover 400, the cover 400 can open and close the through hole 310 by rotating, so that when the high-temperature material generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell 220 pushes the cover 400 to rotate and open the through hole 310, the size of the gap facing the first explosion-proof valve 110 is larger than the size of the gap at other positions, so that the high-temperature material can be ejected toward the first explosion-proof valve 110. In this way, the high-temperature material can be discharged in time, the speed of heat spread in the battery pack 10 is slowed down, and the safety of the battery pack 10 is improved.

[0069] In some embodiments, a lifting part (not shown) is provided on the cover 400, and the lifting part is connected to the main body 300. The cover 400 changes the distance between the cover 400 and the main body 300 through the lifting part to open and close the through hole 310. Therefore, under normal circumstances, the cover 400 covers the main body 300 to close the through hole 310. When the battery cell 220 has thermal runaway, the high-temperature material generated generates a thrust on the cover 400 away from the main body 300, and the lifting part causes the cover 400 to rise away from the main body 300 through elastic deformation, folding and unfolding. In this way, the through hole 310 can be opened to discharge the high-temperature material in time, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0070] In some embodiments, Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, the main body 300 and the cover 400 are an integral part. Specifically, the main body 300 is a plate-shaped component, and the cover 400 is formed on the main body 300 by, for example, stamping, cutting, etc. One side edge of the cover 400 is connected to the main body 300 to form a rotating part 410 or a lifting part, and the other positions are separated from the main body 300. The rotating part 410 or the lifting part can move the cover 400 away from the through hole 310 by deformation, so that the cover 400 can cover the through hole 310 in a normal state, and can also make the cover 400 deform when it is impacted by a high-temperature substance, driven by the impact force, so that the cover 400 or the lifting part is away from the through hole 310 to open the through hole 310. At this time, the rotating part 410 or the lifting part is an integral part with the main body 300 and the cover 400.

[0071] In some embodiments, the main body 300 and the cover 400 are made of a flexible flame-retardant and heat-insulating material, such as glass fiber cloth, high-silica cloth, etc.

[0072] In some embodiments, the main body 300 and the cover 400 may be provided separately, and the cover 400 is fixed to the main body 300 by sewing, gluing, etc. through a rotating part 410 or a lifting part provided on one side thereof, and there is no limitation to this.

[0073] In some embodiments, the rotating portion 410 may be, for example, Figure 2-Figure 6 The rotation is achieved through deformation as shown in the figure, and the rotation can also be achieved through a hinge structure, which is not limited to this.

[0074] In some embodiments, Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, at least one side of the main body 300 is provided with an opening 320. Thus, by providing the opening 320 on at least one side of the main body 300, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 220, the ejected high-temperature material can be discharged from the opening 320 as quickly as possible. Thus, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 220, the speed of discharging the high-temperature material can be increased, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0075] In some embodiments, the main body 300 is provided with an opening 320 on the side facing the first explosion-proof valve 110. Thus, by setting the opening 320 toward the first explosion-proof valve 110, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 220, the high-temperature substance can be guided to flow toward the first explosion-proof valve 110 through the opening 320, and discharged from the first explosion-proof valve 110 in time, so as to increase the speed of high-temperature substance discharge, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0076] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, any number of the plurality of battery cells 220 are arranged adjacent to each other in a group, and the arrangement direction intersects with the direction of the opening 320. Thus, by making the arrangement direction of the battery cells 220 intersect with the direction of the opening 320, when the high-temperature material is discharged from the opening 320, the high-temperature material can be ejected in a direction away from the adjacently arranged battery cells 220, thereby reducing the number of battery cells 220 affected by the high-temperature material and improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0077] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, any number of the plurality of battery cells 220 are arranged in groups adjacent to each other, and the arrangement direction is perpendicular to the direction of the opening 320. Thus, by making the arrangement direction of the battery cells 220 perpendicular to the direction of the opening 320, when the high-temperature material is discharged from the opening 320, the contact between the high-temperature material and the adjacently arranged battery cells 220 can be reduced or even avoided, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0078] In some embodiments, the opening 320 may be formed by opening one side of the main body 300 , or may be a through hole specially provided on one side of the main body 300 , and there is no limitation to this.

[0079] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, any number of the plurality of battery cells 220 are arranged in groups adjacent to each other, and the arrangement direction thereof is consistent with the center line direction of the rotating portion 410. Thus, by making the arrangement direction of the battery cells 220 consistent with the center line direction of the rotation, the direction in which the high-temperature material is discharged from between the through hole 310 and the cover 400 can be perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells 220. Thus, the number of battery cells 220 affected by the high-temperature material can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0080] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, when looking toward the through hole 310 , the battery cell 220 has a long side and a short side, and the arrangement direction is consistent with the short side direction.

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, at least one side of the main body 300 is provided with a sealing plate 330. Thus, by providing the sealing plate 330 on at least one side of the main body 300, when the main body 300 is installed on the adjacent battery cell 220, the sealing plate 330 can be arranged toward the opening 320 on the adjacent main body 300, so that when high-temperature substances are sprayed out from the opening 320 or the through hole 310 on the adjacent main body 300, the sealing plate 330 can block the high-temperature substances, thereby preventing the high-temperature substances from affecting the battery cell 220 covered by the main body 300, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0082] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the main body 300 is provided with a sealing plate 330 at least on the side away from the first explosion-proof valve 110. Therefore, when the multiple main bodies 300 are arranged according to the direction of the opening 320, since the opening 320 is arranged toward the first explosion-proof valve 110, by setting the sealing plate 330 on the side of the main body 300 away from the first explosion-proof valve 110, the opening 320 can be directed toward the sealing plate 330 of the adjacent main body 300. Therefore, when the high-temperature substance is ejected from the opening 320 or the through hole 310, the ejected high-temperature substance can be blocked by the sealing plate 330 to prevent the high-temperature substance from being ejected onto the battery cell 220 corresponding to the sealing plate 330. Therefore, the number of battery cells 220 affected by the high-temperature substance can be reduced, and the safety of the battery pack 10 can be improved.

[0083] In some embodiments, the length between the end of the cover 400 close to the first explosion-proof valve 110 and the end of the cover 400 away from the first explosion-proof valve 110 is greater than the gap between the cover 400 and the inner surface of the housing 100 when the cover 400 closes the through hole 310. Thus, when the high-temperature material is ejected from the through hole 310 to push the cover 400 to open the through hole 310, the opening angle of the cover 400 is limited, so that the angle between the cover 400 and the main body 300 opens toward the first explosion-proof valve 110. Thus, the high-temperature material ejected from the through hole 310 can be guided by the cover 400 to eject the high-temperature material toward the first explosion-proof valve 110, so that the high-temperature material can be discharged through the first explosion-proof valve 110 as soon as possible, avoiding the situation where the angle between the cover 400 and the main body 300 cannot be maintained to open toward the first explosion-proof valve when the impact force of the high-temperature material is too large and the cover 400 is too short. Thus, the speed of high-temperature material discharge and the stability of discharge direction can be improved. In addition, since the length of the cover 400 is greater than the length of the gap between it and the shell 100, when the cover 400 is impacted by the high-temperature material to fit with the shell 100, the cover 400 still at least partially overlaps with the positive projection of the through hole 310. That is to say, when the high-temperature material is ejected from the through hole, at least a part of it will impact the cover 400 instead of directly impacting the shell 100, thereby protecting the shell 100.

[0084] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack 10 includes a battery module 200 having any number of battery cells 220; Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, the battery protection structure in the present application further includes a connecting bracket 500, which is used to connect the main body 300 and the battery module 200. Thus, the main body 300 can be fixed on the battery module 200 through the connecting bracket 500, so that the main body 300 can be easily installed and disassembled.

[0085] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the side orthographic projection structure of the connecting bracket 500; Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the bottom orthographic projection structure of the middle connecting bracket 500; Fig. 9 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting bracket 500.

[0086] In some embodiments, Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, the connecting bracket 500 includes a first connecting portion 510 and a second connecting portion 520 . The first connecting portion 510 is sewn and connected to the main body 300 , and the second connecting portion 520 is connected to the battery module 200 .

[0087] In some embodiments, Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the second connection part 520 includes a connection hole 521, and the fastener 230 passes through the second connection part 520 to be fixed on the frame 210 of the battery module 200. Therefore, by providing the connection hole 521 on the second connection part 520, the second connection part 520 can reuse the fastener 230 on the battery module 200, so that the fastener 230 sequentially passes through the connection hole 521, the frame 210, and the fixed part of the battery module 200 (such as the battery pack bottom plate), thereby reducing the number of parts and reducing the difficulty of installation. It is understandable that the fastener 230 can reuse the fastener 230 originally used to fix the battery module 200 on the battery pack shell, or it can be used only to fix the second connection part 520 to the frame 210, and there is no limitation on this.

[0088] In some embodiments, the connection bracket 500 further includes a third connection portion 530, the second connection portion 520 and the third connection portion 530 are respectively located on both sides of the first connection portion 510, and the third connection portion 530 is engaged with the battery module 200. Thus, after the second connection portion 520 is connected to the battery module 200, the third connection portion 530 is engaged with the battery module 200, thereby increasing the limit of the connection bracket 500. Specifically, the second connection portion 520 can be connected to the battery module 200, and after the connection bracket 500 is fixed on the battery module 200 in one direction, the connection bracket 500 is limited in another direction by the engagement of the third connection portion 530 with the battery module 200. Thus, the connection between the connection bracket 500 and the battery module 200 can be made more secure. By respectively arranging the second connection part 520 and the third connection part 530 on both sides of the first connection part 510, after the first connection part 510 and the main body 300 are sewn together, the force between the main body 300 and the connecting bracket 500 can be located in the middle position of the connecting bracket 500, thereby improving the stability and firmness of the connection between the main body 300 and the battery module 200.

[0089] In some embodiments, Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9As shown, the third connection part 530 is a bent structure. Specifically, the third connection part 530 is bent toward the opening of the cavity 211 on the frame 210 of the battery module 200 to engage with the battery module 200. Therefore, by bending the third connection part 530 toward the opening of the cavity 211 on the frame 210 of the battery module 200, the third connection part 530 can be easily operated to extend into the opening of the cavity on the frame of the battery module 200, and the third connection part 530 is limited by the cavity on the frame to prevent the connection bracket 500 from rotating around the fastener 230 in the second connection part 520. It can be understood that the cavity 211 can reuse the cavity originally existing on the frame 210 of the battery module 200, or it can be a cavity set in the frame 210 for engaging with the third connection part 530, and there is no limitation on this.

[0090] In some embodiments, Fig. 9 As shown, the bending direction of the third connection part 530 is the same as the axial direction of the connection hole 521 of the second connection part 520. Therefore, after the fastener 230 passes through the connection hole 521 to fix the second connection part 520 on the battery module 200, and the connection bracket 500 is fixed in the axial direction of the second connection part 520, the bending direction of the third connection part 530 is the same as the axial direction of the connection hole 521 of the second connection part 520, so that the third connection part 530 can be bent and extended into the opening of the cavity 211 on the frame 210 of the battery module 200, and the connection bracket 500 is limited, so as to prevent the connection bracket 500 from rotating around the connection hole 521 of the second connection part 520. In this way, the stability and firmness of the connection bracket 500 can be improved.

[0091] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the battery cell 220 is provided with a second explosion-proof valve 221; and the through hole 310 is provided correspondingly toward the second explosion-proof valve 221. Thus, by providing the through hole 310 correspondingly toward the second explosion-proof valve 221, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 220 and high-temperature substances are ejected from the second explosion-proof valve 221, the high-temperature substances can be guided to be discharged from the through hole 310, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0092] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack 10 includes a plurality of battery modules 200, and the battery modules 200 include a plurality of battery cells 220. A plurality of main bodies 300 are provided, each covering the battery modules 200. Thus, by providing a plurality of main bodies 300, each covering the plurality of battery modules 200, the battery modules 200 can be protected respectively, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0093] The above contents, combined with the accompanying drawings, provide an exemplary description of possible embodiments of the battery protection structure in the present application. Below, combined with the accompanying drawings, taking a vehicle as an example, a specific embodiment of the battery protection structure in the present application is described in detail.

[0094] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the top projection structure of the vehicle 1 in this application. Fig.10 As shown, the vehicle 1 in the present application includes a vehicle body 20 and a battery pack 10 disposed at the bottom of the vehicle body 20 . The battery pack 10 provides electrical energy to a driving motor on the vehicle body 20 to drive the vehicle 1 to travel.

[0095] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack 10 includes a housing 100, a battery module 200 is arranged in the housing 100, a main body 300 is arranged on the battery module 200, and the main body 300 is made of a flame retardant and heat insulating material, which can provide protection for the battery module 200 when a certain battery cell 220 in the battery module 200 has a thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10. It goes without saying that after the main body 300 is installed, a battery protection structure can be formed in the housing 100.

[0096] like Figure 1 As shown, a first explosion-proof valve 110 is provided on the upper surface of the shell 100 near one end, which can discharge the high-temperature substances generated in the shell 100 when the battery cell 220 in the battery pack 10 has thermal runaway, slow down the spread of thermal runaway, and thus improve the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0097] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of battery modules 200 are provided, arranged in a square array. The battery module 200 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the width direction of the battery module 200 (the side with a smaller size is the width and the side with a larger size is the length when viewed from the top of the battery module 200) is parallel to the length direction of the housing 100 (the side with a smaller size is the width and the side with a larger size is the length when viewed from the top of the housing 100), and the length direction of the battery module 200 is parallel to the width direction of the housing 100. The battery modules 200 are arranged in two rows along the width direction of the housing 100, and each row is arranged in a plurality along the length direction of the housing 100, thereby making the battery modules 200 in the housing 100 more compact.

[0098] like Figure 2As shown, the battery module 200 includes a rectangular frame 210 and a plurality of battery cells 220 arranged in the frame 210. They are arranged along the length direction of the battery module 200 (from the top of the battery cell 220, the side with a smaller size is the width and the side with a larger size is the length). The battery cell 220 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the length direction of the battery cell 220 is parallel to the width direction of the battery module 200, and the width direction of the battery cell 220 is parallel to the length direction of the battery module 200, thereby making the battery cell 220 in the battery module 200 more compact. A second explosion-proof valve 221 is provided at the middle position of the top of each battery cell 220. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 220, high-temperature substances can be discharged from the second explosion-proof valve 221. In this way, the safety of the battery pack 10 can be improved.

[0099] like Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, the main body 300 is a rectangular component, which is arranged on the top of the battery module 200 and covers the multiple battery cells 220 in the battery module 200. The main body 300 is provided with a through hole 310 at a position corresponding to the second explosion-proof valve 221 on the battery cell 220 in the battery module 200, so that when the battery cell 220 has thermal runaway and the second explosion-proof valve 221 sprays high-temperature substances, the high-temperature substances can be guided to be discharged through the through hole 310 to slow down the heat spread speed to avoid affecting other battery cells 220 in the battery module 200.

[0100] like Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, a cover 400 is provided on the main body 300, and the cover 400 is made of flame-retardant and heat-insulating material. The cover 400 covers the through hole 310, and a rotating part 410 is provided on one side of the cover 400. The cover 400 is connected to the main body 300 through the rotating part 410, and rotates through the rotating part 410, so that the cover 400 can close and open the through hole 310. As a result, when the battery cell 220 has thermal runaway and the second explosion-proof valve 221 sprays high-temperature material gas (flame and / or high-temperature smoke) to the through hole 310, the high-temperature material pushes the cover 400 to rotate, so that the through hole 310 is opened, and the high-temperature material is discharged from the through hole 310. At the same time, when the battery cell 220 in a certain battery module 200 has thermal runaway and discharges high-temperature material, the through hole 310 can be closed by the cover 400 to prevent the high-temperature material from entering the normal battery module 200 and affecting the battery cell 220 in the battery module 200.

[0101] like Figure 1As shown, the connection part is arranged on the side of the cover 400 away from the first explosion-proof valve 110, and the length between the end of the cover 400 facing the first explosion-proof valve 110 and the rotating part 410 is greater than the gap between the cover 400 and the upper surface of the inner surface of the shell 100. As a result, the high-temperature material can be ejected from the through hole 310 to push the cover 400 to rotate a certain angle, so that the end of the cover 400 facing the first explosion-proof valve 110 abuts against the inner surface of the shell 100, and the rotation angle of the cover 400 is limited, so that the cover 400 is tilted toward the first explosion-proof valve 110. As a result, the high-temperature material ejected from the through hole 310 can be reliably guided by the cover 400, so that the high-temperature material is ejected toward the first explosion-proof valve 110, so that the high-temperature material can be discharged through the first explosion-proof valve 110 as soon as possible. As a result, the speed of high-temperature material discharge can be increased, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0102] like Figure 2 As shown, the rotation centerline direction of the cover 400 is consistent with the arrangement direction of the battery cells 220 in the battery module 200. As a result, the direction in which the high-temperature material is discharged from between the through hole 310 and the cover 400 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells 220, thereby reducing the number of battery cells 220 affected by the high-temperature material and improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0103] When the battery cell 220 in the battery module 200 experiences thermal runaway and the second explosion-proof valve 221 sprays high-temperature substances upward, part of the high-temperature substances will be sprayed onto the lower surface of the main body 300, and the high-temperature substances will push the main body 300 to float upward, and part of the high-temperature substances will be dispersed around along the lower surface of the main body 300. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the main body 300 is provided with an opening 320 on the side facing the first explosion-proof valve 110, that is, after the main body 300 floats upward, there is no shielding structure on the side of the main body 300 facing the first explosion-proof valve 110, so that the main body 300 forms an opening between the side facing the first explosion-proof valve 110 and the top of the battery module 200, so that the high-temperature material can be discharged from the opening 320 as soon as possible, so as to avoid the high-temperature material staying between the main body 300 and the battery module 200 for too long, causing the normal battery cell 220 to have thermal runaway. At the same time, by making the opening 320 face the first explosion-proof valve 110, the high-temperature material sprayed from the opening 320 can be discharged from the first explosion-proof valve 110 as soon as possible, so as to reduce the time that the high-temperature material stays in the housing 100, avoid causing the battery cells 220 in other battery modules 200 to have thermal runaway, and improve the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0104] Since the battery modules 200 are arranged in a square array, when the high-temperature material is sprayed toward the opening 320 of the first explosion-proof valve 110, the high-temperature material will be sprayed toward the side of the adjacent battery module 200 facing away from the first explosion-proof valve 110. Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the main body 300 is provided with a sealing plate 330 on the side facing away from the first explosion-proof valve 110. The sealing plate 330 may be, for example Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it is formed by bending the extended edge of the main body 300 downward, or it can be fixed on the main body 300 by gluing or sewing. Therefore, when the opening 320 or the through hole 310 of the main body 300 installed on the adjacent battery module 200 sprays out high-temperature substances, the high-temperature substances can be sprayed onto the sealing plate 330, thereby preventing the high-temperature substances from entering between the main body 300 and the battery module 200 and affecting the battery cell 220, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0105] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the direction of the opening 320 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells 220, so that when the high-temperature material is discharged from the opening 320, the high-temperature material can be sprayed in a direction away from the adjacently arranged battery cells 220, thereby reducing the number of battery cells 220 affected by the high-temperature material and improving the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0106] like Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, a connecting bracket 500 is also provided on the main body 300. Four connecting brackets 500 are provided for each main body 300, which are respectively provided at both ends of the main body 300 and close to both sides of the main body 300. The connecting bracket 500 is fixedly connected to the battery module 200, fixing the main body 300 on the battery module 200 so that the main body 300 covers the top of the battery module 200.

[0107] like Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, the connecting bracket 500 is a long strip-shaped plate-shaped component, and a first connecting portion 510, a second connecting portion 520 and a third connecting portion 530 arranged along the length direction of the connecting bracket 500 are arranged on the connecting bracket 500. Among them, the first connecting portion 510 is arranged in the middle position of the connecting bracket 500, and the first connecting portion 510 includes an oblong hole extending along the length direction of the connecting bracket 500. The main body 300 and the first connecting portion 510 can be fixedly connected by sewing, so that the connecting bracket 500 is arranged along the width direction of the main body 300. The second connecting portion 520 and the third connecting portion 530 are respectively arranged at both sides of the first connecting portion 510.

[0108] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9As shown, the second connection part 520 includes a connection hole 521, and a fastener 230 such as a screw on the battery module 200 can pass through the connection hole 521 of the second connection part 520 to be fixed to the frame 210 of the battery module 200, so that the connection bracket 500 cannot move in the axial direction of the connection hole 521. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 As shown, the third connection part 530 is a bent structure, formed by bending the end of the first connection part 510 away from the second connection part 520 downward along the axial direction of the connection hole 521 of the second connection part 520. The frame 210 of the battery module 200 is provided with a cavity 211 opening upward at a position corresponding to the third connection part 530. After the second connection part 520 is fixed to the frame 210 of the battery module 200 by the fastener 230, the third connection part 530 can be inserted into the opening of the cavity 211 on the frame 210 of the battery module 200. Figure 3 As shown, the width of the third connection part 530 matches the width of the cavity 211 into which it is inserted, so that after the third connection part 530 is inserted into the opening of the cavity 211 on the frame 210 of the battery module 200, it cannot move in the width direction of the third connection part 530 or can only move slightly. It can be achieved that after the second connection part 520 and the third connection part 530 are respectively connected to the frame of the battery module 200, the connection bracket 500 can neither move axially in the connection hole 521 of the second connection part 520 nor rotate around the connection hole 521 of the second connection part 520, thereby improving the stability and firmness of the connection between the connection bracket 500 and the frame 210 of the battery module 200.

[0109] In the above description, the battery cell 220 is a rectangular parallelepiped, however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other shapes of battery cells may be used. Alternatively, the battery module 200 is not necessarily present in the battery pack 10, and the battery cell 220 may be directly disposed in the housing 100 of the battery pack 10, and this is not limited thereto.

[0110] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present application is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, all of which belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery protection structure, the battery protection structure being applied to a battery pack (10), the battery pack (10) comprising a housing (100) and a plurality of battery cells (220) arranged in the housing (100), and a first explosion-proof valve (110) being arranged on the housing (100); characterized in that: include: a main body (300), the main body (300) covering at least one of the plurality of battery cells (220), the main body (300) being provided with a through hole (310); A cover (400), partially connected to the main body (300) and used to open and close the through hole (310); Wherein, the portion where the covering member (400) is connected to the main body (300) is located on a side of the covering member (400) away from the first explosion-proof valve (110).

2. The battery protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body (300) is provided with an opening (320) on a side facing the first explosion-proof valve (110).

3. The battery protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Any number of the plurality of battery cells (220) are arranged in groups adjacent to each other, and the arrangement direction intersects with the orientation of the opening (320).

4. The battery protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover (400) is provided with a rotating part (410), the rotating part (410) is connected to the main body (300), and the cover (400) rotates around the rotating part (410) to open and close the through hole (310).

5. The battery protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: Any number of the plurality of battery cells (220) are arranged adjacent to each other in groups, and the arrangement direction is consistent with the direction of the center line of the rotation.

6. The battery protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body (300) is provided with a sealing plate (330) at least on a side away from the first explosion-proof valve (110).

7. The battery protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length between an end of the covering member (400) close to the first explosion-proof valve (110) and an end of the covering member (400) away from the first explosion-proof valve (110) is greater than the gap between the covering member (400) and the inner surface of the shell (100) when the covering member (400) closes the through hole (310).

8. The battery protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover (400) is provided with a lifting part, the lifting part is connected to the main body (300), and the cover (400) changes the distance between the cover (400) and the main body (300) through the lifting part to open and close the through hole (310).

9. The battery protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The battery pack (10) comprises a battery module (200) having any number of the battery cells (220); The battery protection structure also includes: A connecting bracket (500), wherein the connecting bracket (500) connects the main body (300) and the battery module (200).

10. The battery protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The connecting bracket (500) comprises a first connecting portion (510) and a second connecting portion (520), wherein the first connecting portion (510) is sewnly connected to the main body (300), and the second connecting portion (520) is connected to the battery module (200).

11. The battery protection structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The second connecting portion (520) comprises a connecting hole (521) and is fixed to the frame of the battery module (200) by a fastener passing through the connecting hole (521).

12. The battery protection structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The connecting bracket (500) further comprises a third connecting portion (530), the second connecting portion (520) and the third connecting portion (530) are respectively located on both sides of the first connecting portion (510), and the third connecting portion (530) is engaged with the battery module (200).

13. The battery protection structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The third connection portion (530) is bent toward the opening of the cavity on the frame of the battery module (200) so as to be engaged with the battery module (200).

14. The battery protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery core (220) is provided with a second explosion-proof valve (221); and the through hole (310) is arranged correspondingly toward the second explosion-proof valve (221).

15. The battery protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack (10) comprises a plurality of battery modules (200), and the battery modules (200) comprise a plurality of battery cells (220); The main body (300) is provided in plurality and covers the battery modules (200) respectively.

16. A battery pack, characterized in that: A battery protection structure comprising the battery protection structure described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the battery pack (10) as claimed in claim 16.

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