Antenna device and antenna system

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna device and an antenna system, and the antenna device comprises a single-frequency reflection plate module which is used for achieving the switching of a directional diagram of an antenna at a pitch angle; a main board module, the top surface of the main board module is provided with a single-frequency reflection board module, and the main board module is used for generating resonance in a plurality of WIFI frequency bands; and the multi-frequency reflecting plate module is used for realizing switching of a directional diagram of the antenna in azimuth angles, and the multi-frequency reflecting plate module is arranged on the other side of the mainboard module. By arranging the single-frequency reflecting plate module and the multi-frequency reflecting plate module, switching of pitch angles and azimuth angles of the antenna on a plurality of WIFI frequency bands can be realized, so that the purpose of multi-plane beam switching is realized, and the problem that an antenna structure in the existing scheme cannot perform multi-plane beam switching is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device and an antenna system. Background Art

[0002] There are two main antenna structures in existing solutions:

[0003] The first type: The antenna consists of a radiation unit and four reflector units loaded with PIN diodes. The radiation unit is located in the center of the antenna, and the four reflectors are arranged around the radiation unit and are equidistant from the radiation unit. The switching of the radiation pattern can be achieved by controlling the on and off of the PIN diode on each reflector unit.

[0004] The second type: The working principle of the reconfigurable antenna structure is to change the state of the PIN diodes on the six bent branches so that the PIN diodes on three consecutive bent branches are turned on and the other three PIN diodes are turned off. At this time, different bent monopole branches form an array, and their radiation fields are superimposed, so that one surface direction of the antenna can be reconfigured in five discrete states.

[0005] That is, the antenna structure of existing solutions is mostly concentrated on beam switching in a certain plane (pitch plane or azimuth plane), and the existing solutions are mostly concentrated on single-frequency applications. Summary of the invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present application is to provide an antenna device and an antenna system to at least solve the problem that the antenna structure of the existing solution cannot perform multi-plane beam switching.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objective, according to one aspect of the present application, an antenna device is provided, the antenna device comprising:

[0008] Single-frequency reflector module, used to switch the antenna's directional pattern at the elevation angle;

[0009] A mainboard module, wherein the single-frequency reflector module is arranged on one side of the mainboard module, and the mainboard module is used to generate resonance in multiple WIFI frequency bands;

[0010] The multi-frequency reflection plate module is used to realize the switching of the antenna's directional pattern in azimuth, and the multi-frequency reflection plate module is arranged on the other side of the main board module.

[0011] Optionally, the mainboard module includes a mainboard, a first dipole antenna and a second dipole antenna, the first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna are symmetrically arranged on one side of the mainboard, respectively, the branches of the first dipole antenna are located on one of the two surfaces of the mainboard, and the branches of the second dipole antenna are located on the other of the two surfaces of the mainboard.

[0012] Optionally, both the first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna are antenna structures consisting of multiple branches.

[0013] Optionally, the single-frequency reflector module includes a first reflector, a depression angle switching structure and an elevation angle switching structure. The depression angle switching structure is arranged on one side of the first reflector, and the elevation angle switching structure is arranged on the other side of the first reflector. The depression angle switching structure is used to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern at the depression angle, and the elevation angle switching structure is used to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern at the elevation angle.

[0014] Optionally, the depression angle switching structure includes eight first PIN diodes and four first reflection branches, a first PIN diode is respectively arranged at both ends of each first reflection branch, and every two first reflection branches form an eight-shaped structure. The eight first PIN diodes and four first reflection branches are respectively arranged on one side of the first reflection plate, and each first PIN diode is connected to the main board module through a control line, wherein the first reflection branch is controlled to be in different equivalent length states by adjusting the on and off of the first PIN to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern at the depression angle.

[0015] Optionally, the elevation angle switching structure includes eight second PIN diodes and four second reflection branches, a second PIN diode is respectively arranged at both ends of each second reflection branch, and every two second reflection branches form an eight-shaped structure. The eight second PIN diodes and four second reflection branches are respectively arranged on the other side of the first reflection plate, and each second PIN diode is connected to the main board module through a control line, wherein the second reflection branch is controlled to be in different equivalent length states by adjusting the on and off of the second PIN to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern in elevation angle.

[0016] Optionally, when the multi-frequency reflector module is used to realize switching in azimuth between the first frequency band and the second frequency band, the multi-frequency reflector module includes six third PIN diodes, two first frequency band directing and reflecting branches and two second frequency band reflecting branches, one third PIN diode is respectively arranged at both ends of each first frequency band directing and reflecting branch, and one third PIN diode is respectively arranged on each second frequency band reflecting branch, wherein the first frequency band directing and reflecting branch is controlled by adjusting the on-off of the third PIN diode, and / or the second frequency band reflecting branch is located in different equivalent length states, so as to realize switching of the control antenna diagram in azimuth between the first frequency band and the second frequency band, and each first frequency band directing and reflecting branch and each second frequency band reflecting branch are connected to the main board module via a control line.

[0017] Optionally, a plurality of inductors are connected in series on the control line.

[0018] Optionally, the antenna device further comprises a connecting plate, and the connecting plate fixes the single-frequency reflection plate module to the main board module.

[0019] Optionally, when the multi-frequency reflector module is used to achieve switching in azimuth between a first frequency band and a second frequency band, the first frequency band is 5.15 GHz to 5.85 GHz, and the second frequency band is 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz.

[0020] Optionally, the distance between the main board module and the multi-frequency reflection plate module is 14.4±1 mm, and the distance between the main board module and the single-frequency reflection plate module is 3.2 mm±0.5 mm.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present application, an antenna system is provided, and the antenna system includes: any one of the above-mentioned antenna devices.

[0022] By applying the technical solution of the present application, by setting a single-frequency reflector module and a multi-frequency reflector module, the antenna can be switched in pitch angle and azimuth angle on multiple WIFI frequency bands, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-plane beam switching, and further solving the problem that the antenna structure of the existing solution cannot perform multi-plane beam switching. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings constituting part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the spacing between plates 1, 2, and 4 provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a single-frequency reflector module provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a mainboard module provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a connecting plate provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a multi-frequency reflector module provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the directional diagram results of the horizontal plane (theta=90) of ANT1 and ANT2 provided in the embodiment of the present application at f=2450MHz in the 2G steering & reflection state;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the directional diagram results of the horizontal plane (theta=90) of ANT1 and ANT2 provided in an embodiment of the present application when f=5500MHz in a 5G directed state;

[0032] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram shows the directional diagram results of the elevation plane (phi=0&phi=90) of ANT1 and ANT2 provided in an embodiment of the present application when f=5500MHz in the 5G uptilt and downtilt states. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0036] For the convenience of description, some nouns or terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are explained below:

[0037] FR-4 dielectric substrate is a commonly used glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin substrate used to manufacture printed circuit boards (PCBs). It has good insulation and heat resistance and is suitable for the manufacture of high-frequency circuits and complex circuits. FR-4 dielectric substrate is widely used in the electronics field and is a common substrate material.

[0038] As introduced in the background technology, there are mainly two types of antenna structures in the existing scheme: the first type: the antenna consists of a radiating unit and four reflector units loaded with PIN diodes, the radiating unit is located at the center of the antenna, and the four reflectors are arranged around the radiating unit and are equidistant from the radiating unit. The directional pattern can be switched by controlling the on and off of the PIN tube on each reflector unit; the second type: the working principle of the reconfigurable antenna structure is to change the state of the PIN diodes on the six bent branches so that the PIN diodes on three consecutive bent branches are turned on and the other three PIN diodes are turned off. At this time, different bent monopole branches form an array, and their radiation fields are superimposed, so that one surface direction of the antenna can be reconfigured in five discrete states. In order to solve the problem that the antenna structure of the existing scheme cannot perform multi-plane beam switching, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna device and an antenna system.

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] An antenna device includes a single-frequency reflection plate module, a main board module and a multi-frequency reflection plate module;

[0041] The single-frequency reflector module is used to switch the antenna's directional pattern at the first frequency band elevation angle (i.e., the first frequency band is taken as an example here);

[0042] A mainboard module, wherein the single-frequency reflector module is arranged on one side of the mainboard module, and the mainboard module is used to generate resonance in a WIFI dual-frequency band (i.e., multiple WIFI frequency bands, taking the WIFI dual-frequency band as an example);

[0043] The multi-frequency reflection plate module is used to realize the switching of the antenna's directional pattern in azimuths of multiple frequency bands. The multi-frequency reflection plate module is arranged on the other side of the main board module.

[0044] In the above-mentioned antenna device, by setting a single-frequency reflector module and a multi-frequency reflector module, the antenna's pitch angle and azimuth angle can be switched on multiple WIFI frequency bands, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-plane beam switching, and further solving the problem that the antenna structure of the existing solution cannot perform multi-plane beam switching.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present application, when the multi-frequency reflector module is used to achieve azimuth switching between a first frequency band and a second frequency band, the first frequency band is 5.15 GHz to 5.85 GHz, and the second frequency band is 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz.

[0046] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the antenna device is composed of four boards: 5G up-down tilt reflector (board 1, i.e., single-frequency reflector module), main board (board 2, i.e., main board module), connecting board (board 3), 2G horizontal plane guide / reflector & 5G horizontal plane reflector (board 4, i.e., multi-frequency reflector module, here taking dual-frequency as an example), among which, Figure 2 As shown, board 1, board 2, and board 4 are placed in parallel, board 2 is located in the middle of board 1 and board 4, the distance between board 1 and board 2 is 3.2 mm, and the distance between board 4 and board 2 is 14.4 mm. Board 1, board 2, and board 4 are connected by a connecting board (board 3), and pins and pads are made on board 1, board 2, and board 4, and the three boards and board 3 are fixed to form a whole by welding.

[0047] By adding additional reflector guides and connecting plates, the antenna's radiation pattern can be further increased, and the antenna pattern switching at different elevation angles or azimuth angles can be achieved, making the antenna system compatible with more usage scenarios (flat, directional, cross-layer coverage).

[0048] The function of the connecting plate is to fix the upper and lower plates, ensure the relative position with the plate where the antenna is located, and transmit the control signal of the PIN tube. If other methods can achieve these functions, the connecting plate can be removed. For example, the upper and lower plates can be fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the shell of the corresponding model of the antenna system, and the control signal can be transmitted through the wiring, so that the connecting plate can be omitted.

[0049] The distance between the main board module and the multi-frequency reflection plate module is 14.4±1 mm, and the distance between the main board module and the single-frequency reflection plate module is 3.2 mm±0.5 mm.

[0050] Plate 1 can realize the switching of the antenna pattern in the 5G direction in terms of pitch angle, and plate 4 can realize the switching of the antenna pattern in the azimuth angle of the 2G & 5G frequency bands. This design realizes the switching of the antenna's pitch angle and azimuth angle in multiple WIFI frequency bands, so that the antenna device in this application can realize the switching of the pattern according to the user's location to improve the overall performance, and the total thickness is only 20 mm, which can meet the thickness requirements of most antenna devices.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned single-frequency reflector module includes a first reflector, a depression angle switching structure and an elevation angle switching structure. The above-mentioned depression angle switching structure is arranged on one side of the above-mentioned first reflector, and the above-mentioned elevation angle switching structure is arranged on the other side of the above-mentioned first reflector. The above-mentioned depression angle switching structure is used to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern at the depression angle of the first frequency band, and the above-mentioned elevation angle switching structure is used to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern at the elevation angle of the first frequency band (i.e., the elevation angle, taking the first frequency band as an example here).

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned depression angle switching structure includes eight first PIN diodes and four first reflection branches, a first PIN diode is respectively arranged at both ends of each of the above-mentioned first reflection branches, and every two of the above-mentioned first reflection branches form an eight-shaped structure. The above-mentioned eight first PIN diodes and four first reflection branches are respectively arranged on one side of the above-mentioned first reflection plate, and each of the above-mentioned first PIN diodes is connected to the above-mentioned main board module through a control line, wherein, by adjusting the on-off of the above-mentioned first PIN, the above-mentioned first reflection branch is controlled to be in different equivalent length states, so as to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern at the depression angle of the first frequency band (that is, the depression angle, taking the first frequency band as an example here).

[0053] In one embodiment of the present application, the elevation angle switching structure includes eight second PIN diodes and four second reflection branches, a second PIN diode is respectively arranged at both ends of each of the second reflection branches, and every two of the second reflection branches form an eight-shaped structure. The eight second PIN diodes and the four second reflection branches are respectively arranged on the other side of the first reflection plate, and each of the second PIN diodes is connected to the main board module through a control line, wherein the second reflection branch is controlled to be in different equivalent length states by adjusting the on and off of the second PIN to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern at the elevation angle of the first frequency band.

[0054] Specifically, Figure 3As shown, there are eight reflection branches and 16 PIN tubes on the first reflection plate (four reflection branches and 8 PIN tubes form a depression angle switching structure, and the other four reflection branches and 8 PIN tubes form an elevation angle switching structure). The reflection branches are controlled to be located in different equivalent length states by controlling the on and off of the PIN diodes to achieve the control of the antenna's directional diagram. The thin wire is the control line, which mainly plays the role of transmitting the control signal required by the PIN diode. A large inductor is loaded every 5 mm on the control line (multiple isolation inductors are connected in series on the above control line), which mainly plays the role of isolating the control line to prevent the control line from affecting the performance of the antenna. The jack and pad in the middle of the board are used to connect the control board 3 and transmit the control signal. There are four eight-shaped structures, two on the TOP surface (indicating the upper surface of the first reflection plate) and two on the BOT surface (indicating the lower surface of the first reflection plate). There are four PIN tubes on each eight-shaped structure, that is, there are two PIN tubes on each side of the eight-shaped structure, for a total of 16 PIN tubes.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned mainboard module includes a mainboard, a first dipole antenna and a second dipole antenna, the first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna are symmetrically arranged on one side of the above-mentioned mainboard, respectively, the branches of the above-mentioned first dipole antenna are located on one of the two surfaces of the above-mentioned mainboard, and the branches of the above-mentioned second dipole antenna are located on the other of the two surfaces of the above-mentioned mainboard.

[0056] The first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna are both antenna structures composed of multiple branches.

[0057] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the mainboard module includes a 2-way MIMO WIFI dual-band (2.4GHz~2.5GHz&5.15GHz~5.85GHz) dipole antenna ANT1 (i.e., the first dipole antenna) and ANT2 (i.e., the second dipole antenna) on the dual-band antenna board. The antenna is composed of multiple branches, so that the antenna can resonate in the WIFI dual-band frequency band. The antenna is printed on a 1.6mm thick FR-4 dielectric substrate. There is a slot and 9 pads in the middle of the mainboard to fix the connecting board (board 3). Figure 4 The TOP surface represents the upper surface of the motherboard, and the BOT surface represents the lower surface of the motherboard.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present application, the antenna device further includes a connecting plate, and the connecting plate fixes the single-frequency reflection plate module to the main board module.

[0059] Specifically, Figure 5As shown, there are nine pins and 14 pads on the connecting board, which are used to connect and fix with the other three boards. Five control lines are used on the connecting board to transmit control signals to board 4. A large inductor is loaded every 5mm in the middle of the control line to cut off the control line and prevent the control line from affecting the performance of the antenna. The control line is connected to board 4.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present application, when the multi-frequency reflector module is used to realize switching between the first frequency band and the second frequency band in azimuth (i.e., taking the switching of the two frequency bands as an example), the multi-frequency reflector module includes six third PIN diodes, two first frequency band directing and reflecting branches and two second frequency band reflecting branches, one third PIN diode is respectively arranged at both ends of each of the first frequency band directing and reflecting branches, and one third PIN diode is respectively arranged on each of the second frequency band reflecting branches, wherein the first frequency band directing and reflecting branches are controlled by adjusting the on-off of the third PIN diode, and / or the second frequency band reflecting branches are located in different equivalent length states, so as to realize the switching of the control antenna diagram in the first frequency band and the second frequency band in azimuth, and each of the first frequency band directing and reflecting branches and each of the second frequency band reflecting branches are connected to the main board module via a control line.

[0061] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the multi-frequency reflector module is composed of four branches for controlling the antenna pattern (two first-band guiding and reflecting branches and two second-band reflecting branches) and six PIN tubes (six third PIN diodes). The reflection branches are controlled to be in different equivalent length states by controlling the on-off of the PIN diodes to achieve the control of the antenna pattern. The thin wire is the control wire, which mainly plays the role of transmitting the control signal required by the PIN diode. A large inductor is loaded on the control wire every 5 mm, which mainly plays the role of isolating the control wire to prevent the control wire from affecting the performance of the antenna. The jack and pad in the middle of the board of the multi-frequency reflector module are used to connect and control board 3 and transmit control signals.

[0062] The reflection is directly electrically connected to the diode, and there can be more, but not less, because each state switching of each antenna requires at least one PIN tube, which can realize three states: 5G reflection, 2G direction, and 2G reflection. There are two antennas in total, so at least 3×2=6 PIN tubes are needed.

[0063] In addition, if Figure 7 (a) and Figure 7 (b) shows the horizontal plane (theta, i.e. the elevation angle in the antenna radiation pattern = 90, theta = 90 represents the horizontal plane) radiation pattern results of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2G steering & reflection state at the frequency f = 2450MHz.

[0064] like Figure 8 (a) and Figure 8 As shown in (b), the directional patterns of ANT1 and ANT2 in the horizontal plane (theta=90) at f=5500MHz in the 5G-directed state are shown, respectively, indicating that two different radiation patterns are achieved at 5.5GHz by changing the on-off state of the PIN tube.

[0065] like Fig. 9 (a) and Fig. 9 (b) shows the directional diagram results of ANT1 and ANT2 in the elevation plane (phi=0&phi=90) at f=5500MHz in the 5G uptilt and downtilt states. Fig. 9 It is explained that the antenna's radiation pattern at 5.5GHz can achieve two additional modes (initially horizontal) of uptilt and downtilt by turning the PIN tube on and off.

[0066] The present application also provides an antenna system, which includes any one of the above-mentioned antenna devices. By setting a single-frequency reflector module and a multi-frequency reflector module, the antenna can switch the elevation angle and azimuth angle on multiple WIFI frequency bands, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-plane beam switching, thereby solving the problem that the antenna structure of the existing solution cannot perform multi-plane beam switching.

[0067] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0068] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

[0069] 1) The antenna device of the present application, by setting a single-frequency reflector module and a multi-frequency reflector module, can realize the switching of the antenna's pitch angle and azimuth angle on multiple WIFI frequency bands, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-plane beam switching, and further solving the problem that the antenna structure of the existing solution cannot perform multi-plane beam switching.

[0070] 2) The antenna system of the present application, by setting a single-frequency reflector module and a multi-frequency reflector module, can realize the switching of the antenna's pitch angle and azimuth angle on multiple WIFI frequency bands, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-plane beam switching, and further solving the problem that the antenna structure of the existing solution cannot perform multi-plane beam switching.

[0071] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that: include: Single-frequency reflector module, used to switch the antenna's directional pattern at the elevation angle; A mainboard module, wherein the single-frequency reflector module is arranged on one side of the mainboard module, and the mainboard module is used to generate resonance in multiple WIFI frequency bands; The multi-frequency reflection plate module is used to realize the switching of the antenna's directional pattern in azimuth, and the multi-frequency reflection plate module is arranged on the other side of the main board module.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The mainboard module includes a mainboard, a first dipole antenna and a second dipole antenna. The first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna are symmetrically arranged on one side of the mainboard, respectively. The branches of the first dipole antenna are located on one of the two surfaces of the mainboard, and the branches of the second dipole antenna are located on the other of the two surfaces of the mainboard.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that The first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna are both antenna structures consisting of multiple branches.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-frequency reflector module includes a first reflector, a depression angle switching structure and an elevation angle switching structure. The depression angle switching structure is arranged on one side of the first reflector, and the elevation angle switching structure is arranged on the other side of the first reflector. The depression angle switching structure is used to realize the switching of the antenna's directional pattern at the depression angle, and the elevation angle switching structure is used to realize the switching of the antenna's directional pattern at the elevation angle.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The depression angle switching structure includes eight first PIN diodes and four first reflection branches, a first PIN diode is respectively arranged at both ends of each first reflection branch, and every two first reflection branches form an eight-shaped structure. The eight first PIN diodes and four first reflection branches are respectively arranged on one side of the first reflection plate, and each first PIN diode is connected to the main board module through a control line, wherein the first reflection branch is controlled to be in different equivalent length states by adjusting the on and off of the first PIN to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern at the depression angle.

6. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elevation angle switching structure includes eight second PIN diodes and four second reflection branches, a second PIN diode is respectively arranged at both ends of each second reflection branch, and every two second reflection branches form an eight-shaped structure. The eight second PIN diodes and four second reflection branches are respectively arranged on the other side of the first reflection plate, and each second PIN diode is connected to the main board module through a control line, wherein the second reflection branch is controlled to be in different equivalent length states by adjusting the on and off of the second PIN to realize the switching of the antenna's radiation pattern in elevation angle.

7. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the case where the multi-frequency reflector module is used to realize switching in azimuth between the first frequency band and the second frequency band, the multi-frequency reflector module includes six third PIN diodes, two first frequency band directing and reflecting branches and two second frequency band reflecting branches, one third PIN diode is respectively arranged at both ends of each first frequency band directing and reflecting branch, and one third PIN diode is respectively arranged on each second frequency band reflecting branch, wherein the first frequency band directing and reflecting branches are controlled by adjusting the on-off of the third PIN diode, and / or the second frequency band reflecting branches are located in different equivalent length states, so as to realize switching of the control antenna diagram in azimuth between the first frequency band and the second frequency band, and each first frequency band directing and reflecting branch and each second frequency band reflecting branch are connected to the main board module via a control line.

8. The antenna device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: A plurality of inductors are connected in series on the control line.

9. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna device further comprises a connecting plate, and the connecting plate fixes the single-frequency reflection plate module to the main board module.

10. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the multi-frequency reflector module is used to implement switching between a first frequency band and a second frequency band in azimuth, the first frequency band is 5.15 GHz to 5.85 GHz, and the second frequency band is 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz.

11. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the main board module and the multi-frequency reflection plate module is 14.4±1 mm, and the distance between the main board module and the single-frequency reflection plate module is 3.2±0.5 mm.

12. An antenna system, characterized in that: include: The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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