Buffer heat insulation pad, battery module, battery pack, energy storage system and power utilization device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a buffer heat insulation pad, battery module, battery pack, energy storage system and power utilization device, the buffer heat insulation pad includes: the pad body, the pad body includes: first body portion and second body portion, the first body portion extends along the first direction, the first body portion is arranged around the second body portion, the number of second body portion is at least one, and the first body portion extends along the second direction. In a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the size of the first body part is larger than that of the second body part; wherein the first body part and the second body part are made of the same material, and the compressive deformation capacity of the first body part is better than that of the second body part. Therefore, the heat insulation uniformity of the buffer heat insulation pad is better, so that the spreading speed of thermal runaway is delayed, the safety and the reliability are improved, the buffer protection effect of the buffer heat insulation pad can be considered, the grouping convenience is improved, the expansion force is improved, the stress concentration is relieved, the service life of the battery monomer is prolonged, and the safety and the reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a buffer and heat-insulating pad, a battery module, a battery pack, an energy storage system and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, a buffer thermal insulation pad is arranged between the large battery surfaces of adjacent battery cells. The existing buffer thermal insulation pad reserves space for battery cell expansion to absorb the expansion of the battery cell through the expansion space and achieve heat barrier between adjacent battery cells, thereby improving safety and suppressing and delaying thermal runaway. However, the thermal insulation performance of the edge portion and the middle area of ​​the buffer thermal insulation pad is greatly different, resulting in poor thermal insulation performance of the frame portion and poor thermal protection performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one purpose of the utility model is to provide a buffering and heat-insulating pad, which has better heat insulation uniformity and better thermal protection performance.

[0004] The utility model further proposes a battery module using the buffer and heat-insulating pad.

[0005] The utility model also provides a battery pack using the battery module.

[0006] The utility model also proposes an energy storage system using the battery pack.

[0007] The utility model further proposes an electric device using the battery pack.

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a buffering and thermally insulating pad, comprising: a pad body, wherein the pad body comprises: a first body portion and a second body portion, wherein the first body portion extends along a first direction, the first body portion is arranged around the second body portion, there is at least one second body portion, and in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the size of the first body portion is larger than the size of the second body portion; wherein the first body portion and the second body portion are made of the same material, and the compressive deformation capacity of the first body portion is better than the compressive deformation capacity of the second body portion.

[0009] According to the buffer and thermal insulation pad of the embodiment of the utility model, the first main body portion and the second main body portion are made of the same material, and the compressive deformation capacity of the first main body portion is better than that of the second main body portion. Both the first main body portion and the second main body portion have high thermal insulation effects. The thermal insulation uniformity of the buffer and thermal insulation pad is better, which can improve the thermal insulation effect between adjacent battery cells in the second direction, so as to delay the spread speed of thermal runaway, improve safety and reliability, and take into account the buffering protection effect of the buffer and thermal insulation pad through the second main body portion with better compressive deformation capacity, improve the convenience of grouping, and improve the buffer space defined between the first main body portion and the second main body portion to improve expansion force, relieve stress concentration, extend the service life of the battery cell, and improve safety and reliability.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first body portion and the second body portion are integrally formed, and the second body portion is plastically deformed so that the size of the second body portion is smaller than the size of the first body portion in the second direction.

[0011] In the above technical solution, by integrally forming the first main body portion and the second main body portion and processing the second main body portion through plastic deformation, the molding difficulty of the buffer insulation pad can be simplified, the cost of the buffer insulation pad can be reduced, and the thermal insulation performance of the first main body portion and the second main body portion can be more consistent and the thermal insulation effect can be better, thereby improving the thermal protection performance of the buffer insulation pad.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple second body parts, and the multiple second body parts are arranged at intervals in the first direction.

[0013] In the above technical solution, not only can the buffer insulation pad be used to buffer the expansion force and protect against thermal runaway between adjacent battery cells in the second direction, but also in the first direction, multiple battery cells can share one insulation buffer pad, which reduces the number of assembly steps, makes battery cell grouping easier, and makes grouping more convenient.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, a proportional relationship between a size h1 of the first body portion and a size h2 of the second body portion satisfies: 0.05≤h2 / h1<1.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the size ratio of the first main body portion and the second main body portion is made less than 1, so that the first main body portion can have at least a certain buffer space compared with the second main body portion for tolerance absorption, and the size ratio between the first main body portion and the second main body portion is greater than or equal to 0.05, the thickness of the second main body portion is more reasonable, and while the first main body portion has a better size tolerance absorption effect, the thermal insulation performance of the second main body portion can be taken into account.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, a proportional relationship between a size h1 of the first body portion and a size h2 of the second body portion satisfies: 0.1≤h2 / h1≤0.95.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the size difference between the first main body portion and the second main body portion ranges from 0.5mm to 9mm. The first main body portion has an error absorption capacity of at least about 0.5mm, better tolerance absorption capacity, and a better effect of reducing the difficulty of battery cell grouping. The minimum thickness of the second main body portion is 1mm, so as to take into account the heat barrier effect between the two battery cells relative to each other in the second direction, and the thermal insulation stability is higher.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the buffer and thermal insulation pad further includes: a film sealing layer, wherein the film sealing layer is coated on the outside of the pad body.

[0019] In the above technical scheme, the pad body can be separated from the outside world by the membrane sealing layer to delay corrosion and aging of the pad body, extend the service life of the buffer insulation pad, reduce the phenomenon of powder and slag falling after the pad body is damaged, and improve the structural strength and stability of the buffer insulation pad.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, the film sealing layer located on at least one side of the second body portion is spaced apart from the second body portion.

[0021] In the above technical solution, when the battery cell expands, the membrane sealing layer is compressed first, and the membrane sealing layer initially suppresses the expansion force while deforming into the buffer space, thereby improving the buffering effect and expansion force suppression effect of the buffer insulation pad, while avoiding scratches on the second main body, thereby extending the service life and reliability of the buffer insulation pad.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, a size h3 of the film sealing layer satisfies: 0<h3≤0.1 mm.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the size of the membrane sealing layer is made more reasonable to take into account both the energy density of the battery cell group and the structural stability of the buffer and thermal insulation pad.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, a dimension h3 of the film sealing layer satisfies: 0.01 mm<w1≤0.05 mm.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the energy density of the grouped battery cells can be made higher.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the film sealing layer includes a core material and a wrapping layer, and the wrapping layer is coated on the core material.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the structural strength of the buffer insulation pad can be improved by the core material, and the corrosion resistance and sealing performance of the buffer insulation pad can be improved by the wrapping layer, so as to increase the service life of the buffer insulation pad.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wrapping layer is constructed of any one of PET film, PI film, PP film, PC film, and PVC film.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the membrane sealing layer can be made to have properties such as high temperature resistance, puncture resistance, and corrosion resistance, thereby improving the buffering effect, heat insulation effect, and supporting and protective effect of the buffer insulation pad.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the membrane sealing layer includes a core material and a coating layer, and the coating layer is coated on the core material.

[0031] In the above technical solution, the membrane sealing layer can have excellent physical properties such as high temperature resistance, puncture resistance, and corrosion resistance, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the buffer and thermal insulation pad.

[0032] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery module, comprising: at least one battery cell and the buffer and thermal insulation pad described in the above embodiment, when there are multiple battery cells, in a first direction, the small battery surfaces of adjacent battery cells are opposite to each other, and in a second direction, the large battery surfaces of adjacent battery cells are opposite to each other; in the second direction, the buffer and thermal insulation pad is arranged between adjacent battery cells.

[0033] According to the battery module of the embodiment of the utility model, under the premise of having the same technical effect as the above-mentioned buffer insulation pad, multiple battery cells can share the same buffer insulation pad. While improving the production of buffer insulation pads, it can also improve the grouping efficiency of the battery module, reduce the cost of the battery module, and improve the energy density, safety and reliability of the battery module.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the area S1 of the second main body portion to the area S2 of the large surface of the battery satisfies: 0.7≤S1 / S2<1.

[0035] In the above technical solution, the area of ​​the second main body relative to the large surface of the battery is made more reasonable, which can further improve the heat insulation effect, and the area of ​​the buffer space used to buffer the expansion force of the battery cell can also be larger, and the expansion force suppression and stress concentration improvement effects are also better.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the area S1 of the second main body portion to the area S2 of the large surface of the battery satisfies: 0.8≤S1 / S2<1.

[0037] In the above technical solution, the size of the second main body part mainly used for heat insulation and expansion force buffering can be larger, corresponding to better heat insulation and expansion force buffering effects.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, a ratio between a size h1 of the first body portion and a thickness h4 of the battery cell satisfies: 0.005≤h1 / h4≤0.2.

[0039] In the above technical solution, the thickness of the buffer insulation pad is more reasonable, so as to take into account the buffer support effect, insulation effect and space occupancy of the buffer insulation pad, so that the space occupancy of the buffer insulation pad is more reasonable, so that the energy density of the battery module can be higher.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, a ratio between a size h1 of the first body portion and a thickness h4 of the battery cell satisfies: 0.01≤h1 / h4≤0.15.

[0041] In the above technical solution, the thickness of the buffer insulation pad is more reasonable. On the premise of having better support, insulation and buffering effects, the buffer insulation pad occupies less space and the energy density of the battery module can be higher.

[0042] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery pack, including: the battery module described in the above embodiment.

[0043] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides an energy storage system, including: the battery pack described in the above embodiment.

[0044] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides an electrical device, comprising: the battery pack described in the above embodiment.

[0045] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0048] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0049] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of a battery cell and a buffer pad at an angle according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0050] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the battery cell and the buffer pad at another angle according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0051] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell and a buffer pad according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0052] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The middle circle shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of area A;

[0053] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between another buffer pad and a battery cell according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0054] Reference numerals:

[0055] Buffer insulation pad 100,

[0056] The pad body 10, the first body part 11, the second body part 12, the film sealing layer 13,

[0057] Battery module 200, battery cell 210,

[0058] Battery pack 300 , power-consuming device 400 , controller 500 , motor 600 , and housing 700 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those generally understood by technicians in the technical field of the present invention; the terms used in the present invention and in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

[0061] The reference to "embodiment" in the present invention means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", and "attachment" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0063] The term "and / or" in the present invention is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present invention generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0064] In the embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the integrated device are only exemplary and should not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may include that the first and second features are directly in contact with each other, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, a first feature “above”, “over” and “above” a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.

[0068] The term "plurality" used in the present invention refers to more than two (including two).

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, the battery cell 210 may be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell 210 that can be continuously used by activating active materials by charging after the battery cell 210 is discharged.

[0070] The battery cell 210 can be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead storage battery, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0071] The battery pack 300 mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells 210 to provide higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery cells 210, the multiple battery cells 210 are connected in series, in parallel or in hybrid connection through a busbar.

[0072] In some embodiments, a plurality of battery cells 210 may be combined into a battery module 200 , that is, when there are a plurality of battery cells 210 , the plurality of battery cells 210 are arranged and fixed to form a battery module 200 .

[0073] In some embodiments, the battery pack 300 includes a case 700 and a battery cell 210, at least one battery cell 210 or at least one battery module 200 is accommodated in the case 700, and the case 700 has an accommodating space, and at least one battery cell 210 or at least one battery module 200 is accommodated in the accommodating space.

[0074] In some embodiments, the box 700 can be used as a part of the chassis structure of the vehicle. For example, part of the box 700 can become at least a part of the floor of the vehicle, or part of the box 700 can become at least a part of the cross beam and longitudinal beam of the vehicle.

[0075] In some embodiments, the battery pack 300 or the battery module 200 may be part of an energy storage system. The energy storage system may be an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, etc., in which batteries and energy shut-off modules are integrated.

[0076] The development of battery technology must take into account many design factors at the same time, such as energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, charge and discharge rate and other performance parameters. In addition, the safety performance of the battery must also be considered.

[0077] It is understandable that since the energy people need is highly temporal and spatial, in order to rationally use energy and improve energy utilization, it is necessary to use a medium or device to store one form of energy in the same form or convert it into another form of energy, and then release it in a specific form of energy based on future application needs. As we all know, to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, green energy is currently mainly used to replace fossil energy to achieve the purpose of generating green electricity.

[0078] The current green energy mainly includes solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, etc. However, solar energy and wind energy generally have problems of strong intermittency and large volatility, which will cause unstable voltage of the green power grid (not enough electricity during peak hours and too much electricity during low hours). Unstable voltage will cause damage to electricity. Therefore, it may cause the problem of "wind and solar power abandonment" due to insufficient electricity demand or insufficient grid acceptance capacity.

[0079] To solve the problem of insufficient electricity demand or insufficient grid acceptance capacity, we must rely on energy storage systems, etc. That is, the energy storage system converts electrical energy into other forms of energy through physical or chemical means and stores it, and then converts the energy stored in the energy storage system into electrical energy when needed. In simple terms, the energy storage system is similar to a large "power bank", which stores electrical energy when there is sufficient light energy and wind energy, and releases the stored electrical energy when needed.

[0080] At present, energy storage (i.e. energy storage) has a wide range of application scenarios, including power generation side energy storage, grid side energy storage, renewable energy grid-connected energy storage and user side energy storage. The corresponding types of energy storage systems include:

[0081] (1) Large energy storage containers used in grid-side energy storage scenarios can serve as high-quality active and reactive power regulation power sources in the grid, achieve load matching of electric energy in time and space, enhance the ability to absorb renewable energy, and are of great significance in grid system backup, relieving peak load power supply pressure, and peak and frequency regulation;

[0082] (2) The main operating mode of small and medium-sized energy storage cabinets used in industrial and commercial energy storage scenarios (banks, shopping malls, etc.) on the user side and small household energy storage boxes used in home energy storage scenarios on the user side is "peak shaving and valley filling". Since there is a large price difference in electricity charges at peak and valley locations according to electricity demand, after users have energy storage equipment, in order to reduce costs, they usually charge the energy storage cabinets / boxes during the low electricity price period; during the peak electricity price period, the electricity in the energy storage equipment is discharged for use to achieve the purpose of saving electricity bills. In addition, in remote areas and areas prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes, the existence of household energy storage systems is equivalent to users providing themselves and the power grid with backup power, eliminating the inconvenience caused by frequent power outages due to disasters or other reasons.

[0083] In combination with the above-mentioned situation of storing energy by physical or electrochemical means, taking electrochemical energy storage as an example, the energy storage system may include at least one of the above-mentioned batteries, using the chemical elements in the battery as energy storage media, so as to realize the charging and discharging process through the chemical reaction or change of the energy storage medium. In simple terms, the electric energy generated by light energy and wind energy is stored in at least one battery through the chemical reaction or change of the energy storage medium, and when the use of external electric energy reaches a peak, the electric energy stored in at least one battery is released for use through the chemical reaction or change of the energy storage medium, or transferred to a place where the electric energy is scarce for use.

[0084] In summary, the battery cell 210 serves as the smallest energy unit of the battery module 200, the battery pack 300, and the energy storage system. The battery module 200 or the battery pack 300 includes multiple battery cells 210. The battery cell 210 includes a large battery surface defined by the width edge and the length edge of the battery cell 210, a small battery surface defined by the width edge and the height edge, and a battery end surface defined by the length edge and the width edge. The battery cell 210 will expand during the charge and discharge process. A buffer insulation pad 100 needs to be arranged between the large battery surfaces of adjacent battery cells 210. The buffer insulation pad 100 provides a buffer space to improve the stress concentration and excessive expansion force generated during the charge and discharge process of the battery cell, thereby slowing down the cycle attenuation rate of the battery cell 210.

[0085] However, the existing buffer insulation pad 100 adopts a frame grouping form, that is, an inner core is arranged inside the frame, and the thickness difference between the inner core and the frame defines a buffer space, which is used to buffer the expansion force of the battery cell 210 and improve the stress concentration problem. The inner core is used for heat insulation, and the heat insulation performance of the frame part is poor, and the thermal protection performance is poor, which makes it difficult to suppress and delay thermal runaway. The inner core and the frame are grouped, and the overall cost is also high.

[0086] In view of this, an embodiment of the utility model provides a buffer insulation pad 100, in which the difference in insulation performance between the first main body part 11 and the second main body part 12 of the buffer insulation pad 100 is smaller, and the buffering performance of the first main body part 11 can be taken into account, so that the buffer insulation pad 10 has lower cost, good insulation effect, and high thermal protection performance.

[0087] The technical solution described in the embodiment of the present utility model is applicable to the battery pack 300 and the electric device 400 using the battery pack 300 .

[0088] The power-consuming device 400 may be a vehicle, a mobile phone, a portable device, a laptop computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, etc. The vehicle may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc.; the spacecraft includes an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, etc.; the electric toy includes a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, etc.; the electric tool includes a metal cutting electric tool, a grinding electric tool, an assembly electric tool, and an electric tool for railways, such as an electric drill, an electric grinder, an electric wrench, an electric screwdriver, an electric hammer, an impact drill, a concrete vibrator, and an electric planer, etc. The embodiment of the utility model does not impose any special restrictions on the above-mentioned power-consuming device 400.

[0089] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking the electric device 400 as a vehicle as an example.

[0090] Please refer to the figure, Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle provided by some embodiments of the utility model. The interior of the vehicle is provided with a battery pack 300, and the battery pack 300 can be arranged at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle. The battery pack 300 can be used for power supply of the vehicle, for example, the battery pack 300 can be used as the operating power supply of the vehicle.

[0091] The vehicle may further include a controller 500 and a motor 600 . The controller 500 is used to control the battery pack 300 to supply power to the motor 600 . The motor 600 serves as a load, for example, to meet the power requirements for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack 300 can be used not only as an operating power source for the vehicle, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.

[0093] Please refer to the figure, Figure 2 The exploded view of the battery pack 300 provided in some embodiments of the present invention. The battery pack 300 includes a battery module 200 and a box 700 , and the box 700 is used to accommodate the battery module 200 .

[0094] Among them, the box 700 is a component for accommodating the battery module 200. The box 700 provides a placement space for multiple battery cells 210 in the battery module 200. The box 700 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the box 700 may include a tray and a box 700, and the tray and the box 700 cover each other to define a placement space for accommodating the battery cells 210. The tray and the box 700 can be in a variety of shapes, such as a cuboid, a cylinder, etc. The tray can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the box 700 can also be a hollow structure with one side open. The open side of the box 700 covers the open side of the tray, so as to form a box 700 with a placement space. It can also be that the tray is a hollow structure with one side open, and the box 700 is a plate-like structure. The box 700 covers the open side of the tray, so as to form a box 700 with a placement space. As an example, the battery cell 210 may be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a soft-pack battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes, and the present invention has no particular limitation.

[0095] In the battery pack 300, there can be one or more battery cells 210. If there are more than one battery cell 210, the multiple battery cells 210 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 210 are both connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells 210 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a battery module 200, and then the multiple battery modules 200 are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 700. Alternatively, all battery cells 210 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by all battery cells 210 is accommodated in the box 700.

[0096] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 6 The buffer and heat-insulating pad 100 , the battery module 200 , the battery pack 300 , the energy storage system and the electric device 400 according to the embodiment of the present invention are described.

[0097] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a buffering and heat-insulating pad 100 , including: a pad body 10 .

[0098] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the pad body 10 includes: a first body portion 11 and a second body portion 12, the first body portion 11 extends along a first direction, the first body portion 11 is arranged around the second body portion 12, there is at least one second body portion 12, and in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the size of the first body portion 11 is larger than the size of the second body portion 12.

[0099] It should be noted that the first direction involved in the embodiment of the present invention may be the length direction of the battery cell 210 , and the second direction may be the width direction of the battery cell 210 .

[0100] Specifically, the first main body portion 11 extends along the first direction and can be arranged corresponding to the battery cells 210 opposite to each other in the second direction, so as to separate the battery cells 210 opposite to each other in the second direction, and realize thermal runaway protection and expansion force buffering for the adjacent battery cells 210 in the second direction. The projection contour of the second main body portion 12 in the second direction is located within the projection contour of the first main body portion 11 in the second direction. The first main body portion 11 is arranged corresponding to at least part of the edge of the second main body portion 12. If the second main body portion 12 is circular, the first main body portion 11 can be constructed as an annular or semi-annular lamp. If the second main body portion 12 is rectangular, the first main body portion 11 can be arranged to surround at least one edge of the second main body portion 12.

[0101] It should be pointed out that the dimension of the first body portion 11 in the second direction is greater than the dimension of the second body portion 12 in the second direction, that is, the thickness dimension of the first body portion 11 is greater than the thickness dimension of the second body portion 12, so as to define a buffer space. In some embodiments, the first body portion 11 and the second body portion 12 can be edge-aligned in the second direction to define a buffer space. In other embodiments, the first body portion 11 and the second body portion 12 can be center-aligned in the second direction to define two buffer spaces.

[0102] The first body portion 11 and the second body portion 12 are made of the same material, and the compression deformation capability of the first body portion 11 is better than that of the second body portion 12 .

[0103] Specifically, the compressive deformation capacity of the first main body portion 11 is better than that of the second main body portion 12. It is used to absorb tolerances during the grouping of multiple battery cells 210 and can provide impact protection between adjacent battery cells 210, thereby improving the convenience of grouping. The second main body portion 12 and the first main body portion 11 are made of the same material, which makes the difference in thermal insulation performance between the two smaller, thereby increasing the thermal insulation area of ​​the buffer insulation pad 100 and improving the technical problem of poor thermal insulation effect in the edge area of ​​the buffer insulation pad 100, so that the buffer insulation pad 100 has better thermal insulation uniformity and higher thermal protection performance.

[0104] It can be understood that the compressive deformation capacity referred to in the present invention refers to the ability of the buffer insulation pad 100 to deform in the second direction after being subjected to pressure. The better the compressive deformation capacity, the greater the deformation amount during the pressure process, and the worse the compressive deformation capacity, the smaller the deformation amount during the pressure process. Better compressive deformation capacity enables the first main body part 11 to deform better to absorb assembly tolerances, has lower requirements for assembly accuracy, corresponds to lower grouping difficulty, and higher grouping convenience.

[0105] According to the buffer and thermal insulation pad 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 are made of the same material, and the compressive deformation capacity of the first main body portion 11 is better than that of the second main body portion 12. Both the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 have high thermal insulation effects. The buffer and thermal insulation pad 100 has better thermal insulation uniformity, which can improve the thermal insulation effect between adjacent battery cells 210 in the second direction, and has better thermal protection performance to delay the spread of thermal runaway, improve safety and reliability, and through the second main body portion 12 with better compressive deformation capacity, the buffering and protection effect of the buffer and thermal insulation pad 100 is taken into account, and the convenience of grouping is improved. Through the buffer space defined between the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12, the expansion force is improved, stress concentration is relieved, the service life of the battery cell 210 is extended, and the safety and reliability are improved.

[0106] It should be pointed out that the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 are made of the same material, and the thermal insulation effects of the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 are closer. The setting of the buffer space can absorb the expansion of the battery cell 210, improve the stress concentration and excessive expansion force of the battery cell 210, reduce the cycle attenuation rate of the battery cell 210, extend the service life of the battery cell 210, and improve the safety of use. The second main body portion 12 has a smaller compressive deformation and a less decrease in thermal insulation performance, which can improve the thermal insulation stability and reliability.

[0107] Furthermore, there are multiple second body parts 12 , and the multiple second body parts 12 are spaced apart in the first direction.

[0108] That is, in some embodiments, the buffer heat insulation pad 100 is arranged corresponding to a pair of battery cells 210, that is, a buffer heat insulation pad 100 is arranged between a pair of battery cells 210 that are opposite to each other in the second direction (see Figure 7 In other embodiments, there may be two rows of battery cells 210 in the first direction, the battery small faces of the two rows of battery cells 210 are opposite in the first direction, the battery large faces of the two rows of battery cells 210 are opposite in the second direction, and a buffer insulation pad 100 is arranged between the two rows of battery cells 210 (see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, not only can the buffer insulation pad 100 be used to buffer the expansion force and protect the battery cells 210 adjacent to each other in the second direction from thermal runaway, but also in the first direction, multiple battery cells 210 can share one insulation buffer pad 100, which reduces the number of assembly steps, makes grouping of the battery cells 210 easier, and makes grouping more convenient.

[0109] like Figure 6As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the second body portion 12 is plastically deformed so that the size of the second body portion 12 is smaller than the size of the first body portion 11 in the second direction.

[0110] It should be pointed out that in the prior art, the frame part (corresponding to the first main body part 11) and the middle part (corresponding to the second main body part 12) of the buffer insulation pad 100 are split structures and use different materials. The different materials require further assembly of the frame part and the middle part, resulting in a high overall cost. In addition, the thermal insulation performance of the frame part and the middle part is quite different, and the thermal insulation effect of the frame part is poor.

[0111] Based on this, the first main body part 11 and the second main body part 12 of the utility model are made of the same material, and the first main body part 11 and the second main body part 12 are integrally formed, which can save the assembly cost of further assembly to reduce the grouping cost of the buffer thermal insulation pad 100. At the same time, the second main body part 12 and the first main body part 11 can be formed into a large plate, and plastic processing is performed on the middle area of ​​the large plate to cause at least part of the large plate to produce plastic deformation. The original thickness of the plastic deformation area is consistent with the original thickness of the non-plastic deformation area, and the thermal insulation performance of the two is more uniform. The density of the plastic deformation area is greater than that of the non-plastic deformation area, so that different compressive deformation capabilities can be given to the first main body part 11 and the second main body part 12, so that the first main body part 11 that can achieve greater deformation can effectively absorb assembly tolerances and reduce the difficulty of grouping the battery cell 210. The second main body part 12 with smaller deformation ensures the thermal insulation performance of the area where the buffer space is located.

[0112] Therefore, by integrally forming the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 and processing the second main body portion 12 through plastic deformation, the molding difficulty of the buffer insulation pad 100 can be simplified, the cost of the buffer insulation pad 100 can be reduced, and the thermal insulation performance consistency of the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 can be better, the thermal insulation effect can be better, and the thermal protection performance of the buffer insulation pad 100 can be improved.

[0113] It should be pointed out that, in other embodiments, the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 are made of the same material, but are constructed as a split structure, and the density of the corresponding second main body portion 12 is higher than the density of the first main body portion 11, and the pad body 10 can be made of gel felt material, fiber felt material, aerogel powder mixture, etc., and the present utility model does not make specific restrictions.

[0114] See also Figure 6 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, the proportional relationship between the size h1 of the first body portion 11 and the size h2 of the second body portion 12 satisfies: 0.05≤h2 / h1<1.

[0115] Exemplarily, the ratio between the size h1 of the first main body portion 11 and the size h2 of the second main body portion 12 can be 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, etc., and both the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 can produce elastic deformation, or only the first main body portion 11 can produce elastic deformation to absorb the assembly tolerance during the grouping process of the battery cells 210, and the first main body portion 11 can provide impact protection. The larger the value of h2 / h1, the smaller the size difference between the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 in the second direction, and the smaller the value of h2 / h1, the larger the size difference between the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 in the second direction.

[0116] Therefore, by making the size ratio of the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 less than 1, the first main body portion 11 can have at least a certain buffer space compared with the second main body portion 12 for tolerance absorption, and the size ratio between the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 is greater than or equal to 0.05, the thickness of the second main body portion 12 is more reasonable, and while the first main body portion 11 has a better size tolerance absorption effect, the heat insulation performance of the second main body portion 12 can be taken into account.

[0117] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, a proportional relationship between a size h1 of the first body portion 11 and a size h2 of the second body portion 12 satisfies: 0.1≤h2 / h1≤10.95.

[0118] Furthermore, the ratio between the size h1 of the first main body portion 11 and the size h2 of the second main body portion 12 can be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 0.95, etc. For example, if the thickness of the first main body portion 11 is 10 mm, the thickness of the second main body portion 12 ranges from 1 mm to 9.5 mm.

[0119] In this way, the size difference between the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 ranges from 0.5mm to 9mm. The first main body portion 11 has an error absorption capacity of at least about 0.5mm, and has better tolerance absorption capacity, which is more effective in reducing the difficulty of grouping the battery cells 210. The minimum thickness of the second main body portion 12 is 1mm, so as to take into account the heat barrier effect between the two battery cells 210 relative to each other in the second direction, and the thermal insulation stability is higher.

[0120] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the buffer and thermal insulation pad 100 further includes: a film sealing layer 13 , and the film sealing layer 13 is coated on the outside of the pad body 10 .

[0121] Therefore, the membrane sealing layer 13 can separate the pad body 10 from the outside world to delay corrosion and aging of the pad body 10, extend the service life of the buffer insulation pad 100, reduce the powder and slag falling after the pad body 10 is damaged, and improve the structural strength and stability of the buffer insulation pad 100.

[0122] Combination Figure 6 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, the film sealing layer 13 located on at least one side of the second body portion 12 is spaced apart from the second body portion 12 .

[0123] That is to say, in the embodiment where the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 are centrally aligned in the second direction, the membrane sealing layer 13 on both sides in the second direction are spaced apart from the second main body portion 12 to define two buffer spaces; in the embodiment where the first main body portion 11 and the second main body portion 12 are edge-aligned in the second direction, the membrane sealing layer 13 on one side in the second direction is spaced apart from the second main body portion 12, and the membrane sealing layer 13 on the other side in the second direction is fitted with the second main body portion 12.

[0124] In this way, when the battery cell 210 expands, the membrane sealing layer 13 is compressed first, and the membrane sealing layer 13 initially suppresses the expansion force while deforming into the buffer space. While improving the buffering effect and expansion force suppression effect of the buffer insulation pad 100, it can also avoid scratches on the second main body 12, thereby extending the service life and reliability of the buffer insulation pad 100.

[0125] like Figure 6 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, the size h3 of the film sealing layer 13 satisfies: 0<h3≤0.1mm.

[0126] Exemplarily, the size of the film sealing layer 13 may be 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, etc.

[0127] In this way, the size of the film sealing layer 13 is made more reasonable, so as to take into account the energy density of the battery cells 210 after grouping and the structural stability of the buffer and thermal insulation pad 100.

[0128] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, a size h3 of the film sealing layer 13 satisfies: 0.01 mm<w1≤0.05 mm.

[0129] Furthermore, the size of the film sealing layer 13 may be 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, etc. The smaller the thickness of the film sealing layer 13 is, the higher the energy density of the battery cells 210 after being grouped.

[0130] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the film sealing layer 13 includes a core material and a wrapping layer, and the wrapping layer is coated on the core material.

[0131] Specifically, the core material may be a supporting structure with a certain rigidity, while the wrapping layer may be made of a flexible material having good sealing and corrosion resistance properties.

[0132] In this way, the structural strength of the buffer insulation pad 100 can be improved through the core material, and the corrosion resistance and sealing performance of the buffer insulation pad 100 can be improved through the wrapping layer, so as to increase the service life of the buffer insulation pad 100.

[0133] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wrapping layer is constructed of any one of PET (Polyethyleneterephthalate, polyester resin) film, PI ((Polyimide, polyimide) film, PP (polypropylene) film, PC (Polycarbonate, polycarbonate) film, and PVC (Polyvinylchlorid, polyvinyl chloride) film.

[0134] That is to say, in the embodiment where the film sealing layer 13 includes a core material and a wrapping layer, the wrapping layer can be made of the above-mentioned polymer material film, so that the film sealing layer 13 can have properties such as high temperature resistance, puncture resistance, and corrosion resistance, thereby improving the buffering effect, thermal insulation effect, and supporting and protective effect of the buffering and thermal insulation pad 100.

[0135] Of course, the structure of the film sealing layer 13 in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the film sealing layer 13 may also include a core material and a coating layer, and the coating layer is coated on the core material.

[0136] That is to say, the coating film can be constructed as a polymer material coating and coated on the core material to form a coating layer of a certain thickness outside the core material. The thickness of the coating layer is less than or equal to 0.05 mm. The membrane sealing layer 13 can also have excellent physical properties such as high temperature resistance, puncture resistance, and corrosion resistance, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the buffer insulation pad 100.

[0137] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery module 200, comprising: at least one battery cell 210 and the buffer insulation pad 100 in the above embodiment. When there are multiple battery cells 210, in the first direction, the small battery surfaces of adjacent battery cells 210 are opposite to each other, and in the second direction, the large battery surfaces of adjacent battery cells 210 are opposite to each other; in the second direction, the buffer insulation pad 100 is arranged between adjacent battery cells 210.

[0138] Specifically, the battery module 200 may include a plurality of battery cells 210, which are arranged in rows in the first direction and in columns in the second direction. The battery small faces of the plurality of battery cells 210 in each row are opposite to each other, and a buffer insulation pad 100 is arranged between adjacent rows of battery cells 210 (i.e., each column of battery cells 210). The buffer insulation pad 100 can be constructed as a large pad body and extend along the first direction so that a buffer insulation pad 100 can be arranged corresponding to two adjacent rows of multiple battery cells 210 in the first direction.

[0139] Therefore, according to the battery module 200 of the embodiment of the utility model, under the premise of having the same technical effect as the above-mentioned buffer insulation pad 100, multiple battery cells 210 can share the same buffer insulation pad 100. While improving the production of the buffer insulation pad 100, it can also improve the grouping efficiency of the battery module 200, reduce the cost of the battery module 200, and improve the energy density, safety and reliability of the battery module 200.

[0140] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio between the area S1 of the second body portion 12 and the area S2 of the large surface of the battery satisfies: 0.7≤S1 / S2<1.

[0141] Exemplarily, the ratio of the area of ​​the second main body 12 to the area of ​​the large surface of the battery is 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, etc., so that the area relative to the large surface of the battery is more reasonable, which can further improve the heat insulation effect, and the area of ​​the buffer space used to buffer the expansion force of the battery cell 210 can also be larger, and the expansion force suppression and stress concentration improvement effects are also better.

[0142] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio between the area S1 of the second body portion 12 and the area S2 of the large surface of the battery satisfies: 0.8≤S1 / S2<1.

[0143] Furthermore, the area ratio of the second main body portion 12 to the large surface of the battery is 0.8, 0.9, etc., and the size of the first main body portion 11 in the third direction (height direction) and the size in the first direction can be set smaller. The size of the second main body portion 12 mainly used for heat insulation and expansion force buffering can be larger, corresponding to better heat insulation and expansion force buffering effects.

[0144] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, the ratio between the size h1 of the first body portion 11 and the thickness h4 of the battery cell 210 satisfies: 0.005≤h1 / h4≤0.2.

[0145] Exemplarily, the thickness ratio of the first main body portion 11 to the thickness of the battery cell 210 is 0.005, 0.1, 0.2, etc. In this way, the thickness of the buffer insulation pad 100 is more reasonable, taking into account the buffer support effect, thermal insulation effect and space occupancy of the buffer insulation pad 100, so that the space occupancy of the buffer insulation pad 100 is more reasonable, so that the energy density of the battery module 200 can be higher.

[0146] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, a ratio between a size h1 of the first body portion 11 and a thickness h4 of the battery cell 210 satisfies: 0.01≤h1 / h4≤0.15.

[0147] For example, the thickness of the battery cell 210 is 100 mm, and the corresponding thickness of the buffer insulation pad 100 is in the range of 1 mm to 15 mm. In this way, the thickness of the buffer insulation pad 100 is more reasonable, and the buffer insulation pad 100 occupies less space while having better support, insulation and buffering effects, and the energy density of the battery module 200 can be higher.

[0148] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery pack 300, comprising: the battery module 200 of the above embodiment.

[0149] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides an energy storage system, including: the battery pack 300 of the above embodiment.

[0150] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides an electric device 400, comprising: a battery pack 300 of the above embodiment.

[0151] According to the buffer and thermal insulation pad 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, the pad body 10 includes a first body portion 11 located at the peripheral edge and having a larger thickness, and a second body portion 12 located in the middle area and having a smaller thickness. The first body portion 11 and the second body portion 12 are integrally formed, and the second body portion 12 is plastically deformed compared to the first body portion 11, so that the compressive deformation capacity of the second body portion 12 is worse than that of the first body portion 11, such as: hot pressing plastic deformation.

[0152] In this way, the compressive deformation capacity of the second main body part 12 is better than that of the second main body part 12, and the compression rate of the first main body part 11 under grouping is better than that of the second main body part 12 under grouping. In the process of grouping multiple battery cells 210, the assembly tolerance can be absorbed and the convenience of grouping can be improved. The first main body part 11 and the second main body part 12 are made of the same material, with a larger insulation area, higher insulation performance, and better thermal protection effect.

[0153] Other structures and operations of the buffer and thermal insulation pad 100, battery module 200, battery pack 300, energy storage system and electrical device 400 according to the embodiment of the utility model are known to ordinary technicians in the field and will not be repeated here.

[0154] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0155] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A buffer insulation pad, characterized in that: include: A pad body (10), the pad body (10) comprising: a first body portion (11) and a second body portion (12), the first body portion (11) extending along a first direction, the first body portion (11) being arranged around the second body portion (12), the second body portion (12) being at least one, and in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the size of the first body portion (11) is larger than the size of the second body portion (12); wherein The first main body part (11) and the second main body part (12) are made of the same material, and the compression deformation capability of the first main body part (11) is superior to the compression deformation capability of the second main body part (12).

2. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first main body portion (11) and the second main body portion (12) are integrally formed, and the second main body portion (12) is plastically deformed so that the size of the second main body portion (12) is smaller than the size of the first main body portion (11) in the second direction.

3. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of the second main body parts (12), and the plurality of the second main body parts (12) are arranged at intervals in the first direction.

4. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In the second direction, a proportional relationship between a size h1 of the first main body portion (11) and a size h2 of the second main body portion (12) satisfies: 0.05≤h2 / h1<1.

5. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the second direction, a proportional relationship between a size h1 of the first main body portion (11) and a size h2 of the second main body portion (12) satisfies: 0.1≤h2 / h1≤0.

95.

6. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The buffer heat-insulating pad further comprises: a film sealing layer (13), wherein the film sealing layer (13) is coated on the outside of the pad body (10).

7. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the second direction, the film sealing layer (13) located on at least one side of the second body portion (12) is spaced apart from the second body portion (12).

8. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the second direction, the dimension h3 of the film sealing layer (13) satisfies: 0<h3≤0.1mm.

9. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the second direction, the dimension h3 of the film sealing layer (13) satisfies: 0.01 mm<w1≤0.05 mm.

10. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The film sealing layer (13) comprises a core material and a wrapping layer, wherein the wrapping layer is wrapped around the core material.

11. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to claim 10, characterized in that: The wrapping layer is constructed of any one of PET film, PI film, PP film, PC film and PVC film.

12. The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The membrane sealing layer (13) comprises a core material and a coating layer, wherein the coating layer is coated on the core material.

13. A battery module, characterized in that: include: at least one battery cell (210); when there are multiple battery cells (210), in a first direction, the battery small faces of adjacent battery cells (210) face each other, and in a second direction, the battery large faces of adjacent battery cells (210) face each other; The buffer and thermal insulation pad according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the buffer and thermal insulation pad is arranged between adjacent battery cells (210) in the second direction.

14. The battery module according to claim 13, characterized in that: The ratio between the area S1 of the second main body (12) and the area S2 of the large surface of the battery satisfies: 0.7≤S1 / S2<1.

15. The battery module according to claim 14, characterized in that: The ratio between the area S1 of the second main body (12) and the area S2 of the large surface of the battery satisfies: 0.8≤S1 / S2<1.

16. The battery module according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: In the second direction, the ratio between the size h1 of the first body portion (11) and the thickness h4 of the battery cell (210) satisfies: 0.005≤h1 / h4≤0.

2.

17. The battery module according to claim 16, characterized in that: In the second direction, the ratio between the size h1 of the first body portion (11) and the thickness h4 of the battery cell (210) satisfies: 0.01≤h1 / h4≤0.

15.

18. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: The battery module according to any one of claims 13 to 17.

19. An energy storage system, characterized in that: include: The battery pack according to claim 18.

20. An electrical device, characterized in that: include: The battery pack according to claim 18.

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