Solar cell and photovoltaic module
By setting multiple overlapping points in the overlap structure of photovoltaic cells and optimizing their distance configuration, the problems of fine gate fuse and overlap failure caused by high-temperature welding are solved, and the high temperature resistance and stability of the overlapping structure are improved, reducing the The problem of breaking the gate occurs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421232497.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-31
AI Technical Summary
During the processing of photovoltaic cells, high-temperature welding may cause fine gate fuse, which will affect current conduction. The existing shuttle-shaped gradient structure may cause overlap failure under printing offsets and other conditions, resulting in gate breakage problems.
By setting multiple overlapping points in the overlap structure of the solar cell and making the distance between them and the closest thin grid, a richer overlapping window is formed to improve the high temperature resistance and stability of the overlapping sex.
This technical method effectively reduces the probability of fine gate fuse, improves the high temperature resistance and stability of the overlap structure, and reduces the occurrence of gate breaking problems.
Smart Images
Figure CN222509906U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and specifically provides a solar cell and a photovoltaic component comprising the solar cell. Background Art
[0002] As a renewable energy source, solar energy has gradually become one of the main forms of energy supply in the future due to its obvious advantages such as cleanliness, safety, huge energy, wide distribution, and long-lastingness. In addition, with the development of related technologies, the cost of collecting and utilizing solar energy is also showing a gradually decreasing trend, which will give the industries related to solar energy collection / reuse a good development prospect. Among them, a typical product form of collecting and utilizing solar energy is solar photovoltaic cells (hereinafter referred to as photovoltaic cells). As a semiconductor component, the main principle of photovoltaic cells is to store the collected solar energy by converting it into electrical energy in order to achieve the reuse of solar energy.
[0003] As one of the key processes of photovoltaic cells, metallization is mainly used to make electrodes of photovoltaic cells, so as to form ohmic contacts at both ends of the PN junction to realize the current output of photovoltaic cells. Among them, screen printing is currently the most mature and widely used process for realizing metallization. The main implementation method of screen printing is: placing the prepared conductive paste on the screen plate of the screen printer, and through the extrusion of the scraper, the conductive paste is printed on the photovoltaic cell through the mesh of the screen. Among them, the fine grid of the photovoltaic cell is matched with the corresponding conductive paste to collect the current of the battery, and the main grid of the photovoltaic cell is matched with the corresponding conductive paste to conduct the current collected by the fine grid. When processing photovoltaic modules, the welding strip will be welded to the main grid position at high temperature. Due to the high temperature during welding, the fine grid is easy to melt, and the melting will cause the current collected by the fine grid to be unable to be conducted.
[0004] In order to avoid the phenomenon of fine grid fusing, a shuttle-shaped gradient is usually added at the overlap of the main grid and the fine grid, that is, a thickened design is added at the overlap of the main grid and the fine grid, thereby increasing the high temperature resistance of the overlap of the main grid and the fine grid (at the part close to the fine grid). However, since the fine grid is thin and there are many of them, the current shuttle-shaped gradient may cause overlap failure and thus cause the problem of broken grid when there is a situation such as printing offset.
[0005] Accordingly, the art needs a new technical solution to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0006] The utility model aims to at least partially solve the above technical problems. Specifically, by improving the overlapping structure of solar cells, it is expected to reduce the probability of the grid break problem at least to a certain extent.
[0007] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a solar cell, which includes a grid assembly, wherein the grid assembly includes: a main grid; a fine grid; and a lap joint structure, which includes a lap joint body, wherein the lap joint body has a plurality of lap joint points; wherein a plurality of fine grids are arranged corresponding to the same main grid, and when observed along the length direction of the same main grid, at least a portion of the plurality of lap joint points have a different distance from the fine grid closest thereto.
[0008] Through such a structure, it is possible to seek to enrich the overlapping windows between the fine grid and the overlapping structure, such as including but not limited to: overlapping of different positions of the fine grid with the overlapping structure; overlapping of multiple positions of the fine grid with the overlapping structure.
[0009] It is understandable that those skilled in the art can determine the structural form of the overlap structure, the structural form / number of overlap points, the distribution of multiple overlap points on the overlap structure, the distance between each overlap point and the fine grid, etc. according to actual needs. For example, the overlap structure can be a block structure, a strip structure, other regular structures or special-shaped structures, etc. The multiple overlap points can be integrally formed with the overlap body or can be an additional structure. For example, the projection of the overlap body on the plane along which the main grid and the fine grid intersect is roughly a polygon, and the vertices of the polygon can be considered as overlap points, etc.
[0010] For the above solar cell, in a possible implementation manner, at least one overlapping extension end is provided on the overlapping body, and a point of the overlapping extension end along its length direction can serve as at least one of the plurality of overlapping points.
[0011] Through such a configuration, a possible configuration mode of the overlapping point is provided.
[0012] It is understandable that those skilled in the art can determine the structural form, number, and distribution of each overlapping strip on the overlapping body according to actual needs. In the case where there are multiple overlapping extensions, the structural forms of each overlapping extension can be the same or different. For example, the overlapping extension can be a block structure, a strip structure, etc., taking the strip structure as an example. For example, the overlapping extension can be a straight line, a broken line, a curved line, etc., taking the straight line as an example, the overlapping extension can be perpendicular to the overlapping body or at other angles (such as 45°, 60°, 75°, etc.).
[0013] For the solar cell, in a possible implementation manner, when there are multiple overlapping protruding ends, projection sizes of the multiple overlapping protruding ends along the length direction of the same main grid corresponding to the multiple fine grids are the same or different.
[0014] With such a configuration, it is possible to construct more abundant fine grid overlap windows.
[0015] For the above solar cell, in a possible implementation manner, the overlapping extension end is a overlapping bar extending along a length direction of a same main grid corresponding to the plurality of fine grids.
[0016] This configuration provides a possible structural form for overlapping the protruding ends.
[0017] For the solar cell described above, in a possible implementation manner, the overlapping body is a strip structure extending along the length direction of the fine grid, and the width of the strip structure at various locations along the length direction thereof is the same or different.
[0018] For the above-mentioned solar cell, in a possible embodiment, the width of the strip structure along its length direction is different, and when observed along the length direction of the same main grid corresponding to multiple fine grids, the length of at least a portion of the overlapping protruding ends is different from the width of the widest part of the strip structure.
[0019] By such a configuration, a possible structural form of the overlapping body is provided. As in this case, the widest part corresponding to the strip structure can also be used as an alternative position for forming an overlapping point.
[0020] For the solar cell described above, in a possible implementation manner, the strip structure is a shuttle-shaped gradual change structure with a width decreasing from the middle to both ends or a gradual change structure with a width decreasing from one end to the other end.
[0021] Through such a structure, a possible structural form of overlapping bodies with different widths is provided. Among them, the width of the middle position of the shuttle-shaped gradual change structure can be the same as or different from the shuttle-shaped gradual change of the prior art.
[0022] For the above solar cell, in a possible implementation manner, the strip-shaped structure is provided with the overlapping protruding end at a position close to an end thereof.
[0023] Through such a configuration, a possible structural form of the overlap structure is given. For example, for a shuttle-shaped gradual change structure whose width decreases from the middle to both ends, an overlap extension end can be provided at one or both ends, and for a gradual change structure whose width decreases from one end to the other end, an overlap extension end can be provided at the other end with a smaller width.
[0024] For the above solar cell, in a possible implementation manner, the axis of the overlapping body and the axis of the overlapping extended end form an H-shaped or T-shaped structure.
[0025] Through such a configuration, a possible structural form of the overlapping structure is provided.
[0026] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module, which includes any one of the solar cells described above.
[0027] It is understandable that the photovoltaic module has all the technical effects of any of the aforementioned solar cells, which will not be described in detail. For example, the overlap structure in the aforementioned grid assembly can be applied to the fine grids on the front and / or back of the solar cell in the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:
[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a shuttle-shaped gradient in a conventional example is shown;
[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a shuttle-shaped gradient in a prior art example when overlapping an ideal grid assembly;
[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the shuttle-shaped gradient of the prior art when overlapping the grid assembly in the upward offset state;
[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the shuttle-shaped gradient of the prior art when overlapping the grid assembly in the downward offset state;
[0033] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram showing the overlap structure of the first embodiment of the utility model;
[0034] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram showing a second embodiment of the overlap structure of the utility model;
[0035] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram showing a lap joint structure of a third embodiment of the utility model; and
[0036] Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram showing a lap joint structure of a fourth embodiment of the utility model is shown.
[0037] In the attached figure:
[0038] 1. Main grid;
[0039] 2. Fine grid;
[0040] 03. Shuttle gradient;
[0041] 3. Overlap structure;
[0042] 31. Overlap the main body;
[0043] 32. Overlap the protruding ends. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
[0045] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.
[0046] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, unless expressly stated, the singular forms "one", "said", and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present utility model refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we refer to an element as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be an intermediate element. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used here may include wireless connection or coupling. The term "and / or" used here includes any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.
[0047] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with those in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless defined as herein.
[0048] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0049] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0050] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, many specific details are given in the specific embodiments below. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, the principles of photovoltaic components, screen printing, etc., which are well known to those skilled in the art, are not described in detail in order to highlight the main purpose of the present invention.
[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a shuttle-shaped gradient in a conventional example is shown. Figure 2 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional shuttle-shaped gradient when overlapping an ideal grid assembly. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in a possible implementation, the grid assembly of the solar cell includes a plurality of vertical main grids 1 and a plurality of fine grids 2 arranged in a direction (lateral) staggered with the main grids. In the prior art, a shuttle-shaped gradient 03 is provided at the overlap of the main grid 1 and the fine grid 2, wherein the shuttle-shaped gradient 03 is the widest in the middle and gradually narrows toward the two ends. In the case of achieving an ideal overlap between the main grid and the fine grid based on this structure, the widest part of the shuttle-shaped gradient 03 completely covers the intersection area corresponding to the main grid and the fine grid, thereby achieving the overlap of the main grid and the fine grid.
[0052] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the shuttle-shaped gradient of the prior art when overlapping the grid assembly in the upward offset state is shown. Figure 4FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a conventional example of a shuttle-shaped gradient when overlapping a grid component in a downward offset state. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in a possible implementation, since the screen pattern and the printing machine will inevitably have certain deviations during printing, the existence of deviations often causes the grid component to have a phenomenon in which fine grids are printed on one side of the shuttle gradient, such as Figure 3 In the figure, the thin grid 2 closest to the shuttle gradient 03 is located above the shuttle gradient 03, and in the figure 4, the thin grid 2 closest to the shuttle gradient 03 is located below the shuttle gradient 03. In this case, since the overlap window of the traditional shuttle gradient is only the width of the shuttle gradient (the size of the widest part in the middle), the overlap between the main grid 1 and the thin grid 2 may fail or Figure 3 and Figure 4 The complete failure phenomenon is shown. As a result, when welding the main grid 1, the existence of the shuttle gradient 03 cannot increase the high temperature resistance of the fine grid 2. Therefore, the high temperature of welding may still cause the fine grid to melt and the current cannot be transmitted to the main grid.
[0053] In view of this problem, the utility model is proposed. Specifically, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module, which includes a main grid 1 and a fine grid 2 printed on the cell body of a solar cell (for ease of description, the main grid and the fine grid use the same number as in the prior art), the main grid 1 is connected to a lap joint structure 3, and the fine grid 2 is lap jointed to the lap joint structure 3. Among them, the lap joint structure 3 includes a lap joint body 31, and a plurality of lap joint points are arranged or formed on the lap joint body 31, corresponding to a plurality of fine grids 2 arranged on the same main grid 1, and when observed along the length direction of the main grid 1 (or the width direction between adjacent fine grids), at least a portion of the plurality of lap joint points have a different distance from the fine grid closest thereto.
[0054] like Figures 5 to 8 , Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram showing the overlap structure of the first embodiment of the utility model is shown. Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram showing the overlap structure of the second embodiment of the utility model is shown. Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram showing the overlap structure of the third embodiment of the utility model is shown. Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the overlap structure of the fourth embodiment of the utility model is shown. In a possible implementation, the overlap body 31 is a strip structure extending along the length direction of the fine grid, and one or more overlap extension ends 32 extend along the length direction of the main grid on the overlap body 31. Any position of the overlap extension end 32 along its length direction can be used as an alternative overlap point. Figures 5 to 8 Four possible structural forms of lap joint structures are given.
[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, in this example, the overlapping body 31 is a shuttle-shaped gradient structure whose width decreases from the middle to both ends. An overlapping extension end 32 is respectively provided at both ends of the shuttle-shaped gradient structure, and the lengths of the two overlapping extension ends are substantially the same. Exemplarily, the width of the middle position of the shuttle-shaped gradient structure is substantially the same as the aforementioned shuttle-shaped gradient 03. In this way, the overlapping window of the overlapping structure can be expanded by simply making the length of the overlapping extension end 32 greater than the width of the middle position of the shuttle-shaped gradient structure. It can be seen that in this example, the overlapping structure is roughly a symmetrical structure. That is: assuming that the width of the middle position of the shuttle-shaped gradient structure is a, the length of the overlapping extension end is b, and the distance between two adjacent fine grids is e, it should satisfy: e>b>a.
[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, the overlap structure in this example is Figure 5 The difference is that the overlapping body 31 is a strip structure with a uniform width, so the overlapping points will be formed on the two overlapping protruding ends 32.
[0057] like Figure 7 As shown, in this example, the overlap body 31 is a gradual structure with a decreasing width from the left end to the right end. An overlap extension end 32 is provided at the right end of the gradual structure. For example, the width of the left end of the gradual structure is roughly the same as the aforementioned shuttle-shaped gradual change 03. In this way, the overlap window of the overlap structure can be expanded by simply making the length of the overlap extension end 32 at the right end greater than the width of the left end of the gradual structure. It can be seen that in this example, the overlap structure is an asymmetric structure.
[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, the overlap structure in this example is Figure 7 The difference is that the overlapping body 31 is a strip structure with a uniform width, so the overlapping point will be formed on the overlapping extension end 32 at the right end.
[0059] On this basis, the above-mentioned overlap structure can be applied to the fine grids on the front and / or back of the cell body of the solar cell. For the overlap structure 3, if the length of the overlap body 31 is too short, the temperature will still be transferred to the fine grid 2 during welding, thereby causing the fine grid to fuse. If the length of the overlap body 31 is too long, the contact between the fine grid 2 and the silicon wafer will be less, thereby affecting the current collection and thus affecting the cell efficiency of the solar cell. Under normal circumstances, the length of the overlap body 21 is suitable for all solar cells with sizes such as 182, 210, 210R and grid line specifications such as MBB (6, 7, 8...).
[0060] It can be seen that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the overlap structure is improved so that it has more overlap points than the shuttle-shaped gradient structure of the prior art, and on this basis, it is expected to expand the overlap window of the fine grid. For example, especially for the first and third embodiments mentioned above, by setting the length of the overlap extension end to be greater than the shuttle-shaped gradient structure / gradient structure, the overlap window of the fine grid can be significantly expanded.
[0061] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A solar cell, characterized in that: The solar cell comprises a grid assembly, wherein the grid assembly comprises: Main grid; Fine grid: and An overlapping structure, comprising an overlapping body, wherein the overlapping body has a plurality of overlapping points; Wherein, a plurality of fine grids are arranged corresponding to the same main grid, and When viewed along the length direction of the same main grid, at least a portion of the plurality of overlapping points have different distances from the fine grid closest thereto.
2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that At least one overlapping extension end is provided on the overlapping body, and a point of the overlapping extension end along the length direction thereof can serve as at least one of the plurality of overlapping points.
3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the case that there are a plurality of overlapping protruding ends, projection sizes of the plurality of overlapping protruding ends along the length direction of the same main grid corresponding to the plurality of fine grids are the same or different.
4. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The overlapping extension end is a overlapping strip extending along the length direction of the same main grid corresponding to the plurality of fine grids.
5. The solar cell according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The overlapping body is a strip structure extending along the length direction of the fine grid, and the width of the strip structure at various locations along the length direction is the same or different.
6. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The strip-like structures have different widths along their length, and When viewed along the length direction of the same main grid corresponding to the plurality of fine grids, the length of at least a portion of the overlapping extended ends is different from the width of the widest part of the strip structure.
7. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The strip structure is a shuttle-shaped gradual structure with a width decreasing from the middle to both ends, or a gradual structure with a width decreasing from one end to the other end.
8. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The strip structure is provided with the overlapping extension end at a position close to the end thereof.
9. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The axis of the overlapping body and the axis of the overlapping extension end form an H-shaped or T-shaped structure.
10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises the solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9.