Water-jet guided laser protection device and water-jet guided laser processing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water-jet guided laser protection device and a water-jet guided laser processing device, which relate to the field and are used for improving the environmental interference resistance of the water-jet guided laser protection device. The water-guided laser protection device comprises a volute and a swirler. The volute comprises a shell, a gas inlet, a gas outlet and a through hole; the gas inlet is formed in the circumferential edge of the shell, and the gas outlet is formed in the center of the shell; the through hole is also located in the center of the volute, the through hole and the gas outlet are coaxial, and the gas outlet surrounds the through hole in the circumferential direction. The swirler is mounted in the shell and is positioned between the gas inlet and the gas outlet; the swirler is configured to change a flow direction of gas flowing into the housing via the gas inlet. According to the water-guided laser protection device provided by the technical scheme, the sprayed high-pressure gas flow is high in environmental interference resistance, so that the spraying direction of a water column protected by the high-pressure gas is very stable, and the environmental interference resistance is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of water-conducting laser processing, in particular to a water-conducting laser protection device and a water-conducting laser processing device. Background Art

[0002] Compared with dry laser processing technology, water-conducting laser processing technology can, on the one hand, use the water jet to quickly take away the heat brought by laser processing, reduce the generation of cracks, and reduce the thickness of the remelting layer; on the other hand, the laser is fully reflected in the water jet to form a high-energy water beam with uniform energy, which can produce holes with a large aspect ratio or process materials with a larger thickness, and the processing taper is smaller.

[0003] The inventors have found that the prior art has at least the following problems: the axial speed of the shielding gas in the existing water-guided laser shielding gas device is slow and the ability to resist environmental interference is poor. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a water-conducting laser protection device and a water-conducting laser processing device, which are used to improve the ability of the water-conducting laser protection device to resist environmental interference.

[0005] The embodiment of the utility model provides a water-guided laser protection device, including a volute and a cyclone. The volute includes a shell, a gas inlet, a gas outlet and a through hole; the gas inlet is arranged at the circumferential edge of the shell, and the gas outlet is arranged at the center of the shell; the through hole is also located at the center of the volute, and the through hole is coaxial with the gas outlet, and the gas outlet surrounds the circumference of the through hole. The cyclone is installed inside the shell and is located between the gas inlet and the gas outlet; the cyclone is configured to change the flow direction of the gas flowing into the shell through the gas inlet.

[0006] In some embodiments, the swirler includes a plurality of guide blades, which are installed inside the shell and arranged in a circle around the circumference of the gas outlet. The plurality of guide blades are configured to adjust the direction of the gas flowing in through the gas inlet into a spiral direction and then flow out through the gas outlet.

[0007] In some embodiments, the angle between each of the guide blades and the radial direction of the gas outlet is 10° to 60°.

[0008] In some embodiments, the number of the guide blades is 16 to 20.

[0009] In some embodiments, a plurality of guide vanes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the gas outlet.

[0010] In some embodiments, the gas outlet is configured to be tapered, and a flow area of ​​a downstream section of the gas outlet is smaller than a flow area of ​​an upstream end of the gas outlet.

[0011] In some embodiments, the flow area inside the shell gradually decreases along the direction from the gas inlet to the gas outlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the profile of the turbine conforms to an Archimedean spiral.

[0013] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a water-conducting laser processing device, including the water-conducting laser protection device provided by any technical solution of the utility model.

[0014] In some embodiments, the water-guided laser protection device further comprises a water jet injection device, which is installed in the through hole of the volute, and the water jet injection device is configured to spray a water jet.

[0015] The water-guided laser protection device provided by the above technical solution includes a volute and a cyclone. The cyclone is installed inside the volute. The cyclone is used to make the airflow entering the volute flow in a spiral direction, and then flow out through the gas outlet. The through hole of the volute is used to install a water jet injection device. The water column sprayed by the water jet injection device is on the inside. The water column is passed through a laser for processing. The high-pressure gas sprayed from the gas outlet is on the outside. This arrangement allows the high-pressure gas to protect the water jet sprayed by the water jet injection device in the circumferential direction. And when the gas is ejected from the gas outlet, it has both the ejection speed along the axial direction of the through hole and the spiral speed along the circumference of the gas outlet. Therefore, the volute can generate a high-speed protective airflow that is coaxial with the water column, has a swirl, and is high-speed, and the high-pressure gas can form a local negative pressure area inside it, which has a significant effect on improving the jet stability, jet stable length and anti-interference ability. The water-guided laser protection device provided by the above technical solution has a strong ability to resist environmental interference by ejecting high-pressure airflow, which makes the spray direction of the water column protected by the high-pressure gas very stable. The stable water jet is the prerequisite for the water-guided laser technology to achieve laser-water jet coupling. When the stability of the jet is improved, the laser stable length and the ability to resist environmental interference are also improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a water-guided laser protection device provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a water-guided laser protection device provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] 1. Volute; 2. Cyclone;

[0021] 11. Shell; 12. Gas inlet; 13. Gas outlet; 14. Through hole;

[0022] 21. Guide vanes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Combine the following Figure 1-2 The technical solution provided by the utility model is described in more detail. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present disclosure and its application or use. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure thorough and complete and to fully express the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the composition of the materials, the numerical expressions and the numerical values ​​described in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not limiting.

[0024] The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. The words "include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements before the word include the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of also including other elements.

[0025] In the present disclosure, when a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device. When a specific device is described as being connected to other devices, the specific device may be directly connected to the other devices without an intermediate device, or may not be directly connected to the other devices but have an intermediate device.

[0026] All terms used in the present disclosure, including technical terms or scientific terms, have the same meanings as those understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries, such as general dictionaries, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense, unless explicitly defined herein.

[0027] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment are considered part of the specification.

[0028] The dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are attached to common structural elements or structural elements of the same type, and their repeated descriptions are appropriately omitted.

[0029] Explanation of terms or terms used in this article.

[0030] Water-jet guided laser processing: refers to the process of coupling a high-power pulsed laser beam into a water jet and then acting on the workpiece surface to achieve processing.

[0031] See also Figure 1 An embodiment of the utility model provides a water-guided laser protection device, including a volute 1 and a cyclone 2. The volute 1 includes a shell 11, a gas inlet 12, a gas outlet 13 and a through hole 14. The gas inlet 12 is arranged at the circumferential edge of the shell 11, and the gas outlet 13 is arranged at the center of the shell 11. The through hole 14 is also located at the center of the volute 1, and the through hole 14 is coaxial with the gas outlet 13, and the gas outlet 13 surrounds the circumference of the through hole 14. The cyclone 2 is installed inside the shell 11 and is located between the gas inlet 12 and the gas outlet 13; the cyclone 2 is configured to change the flow direction of the gas flowing into the shell 11 through the gas inlet 12.

[0032] The shielding gas can be nitrogen or inert gases such as argon. These gases can reduce the shear friction between the water jet and the external environment, thereby increasing the stable length of the water jet; at the same time, they can also promote drainage of the processing area and improve processing depth and efficiency.

[0033] The volute 1 is an Archimedean spiral shell 11 structure for achieving radial uniform air intake, so as to obtain a stronger flow uniform distribution capability.

[0034] The formula for the Archimedean spiral is as follows (in polar coordinate form):

[0035] r=R+dφ

[0036] r represents the outer diameter of the volute 1, R represents the radius of the inscribed circle of the volute 1, d represents the pitch of the helix at 360°, and φ represents the polar coordinate angle.

[0037] The volute 1 is used to pass high-pressure gas into the interior, and the gas protects the water column sprayed by the water jet injection device installed in the through hole 14 of the volute 1, so the gas is also called protective gas. The protective gas is a coaxial high-speed gas used to achieve stable water jet, drainage and other functions in the field of water-guided laser processing.

[0038] The cyclone 2 is used to change the flow direction of the high-pressure gas inside the shell 11 so that it has a spiral running speed. The spiral running speed can improve the stability of the high-pressure gas after being ejected through the gas outlet 13 of the turbine, thereby providing more effective protection for the protected water column.

[0039] The high-pressure gas flows into the shell 11 through the gas inlet 12 of the volute 1. The interior of the shell 11 is hollow. The high-pressure gas is changed into high-pressure gas with a swirl direction by the cyclone 2 inside the shell 11, and then flows out through the gas outlet 13 of the volute 1.

[0040] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the swirler 2 includes a plurality of guide blades 21, which are installed inside the shell 11 and arranged in a circle around the circumference of the gas outlet 13. The plurality of guide blades 21 are configured to adjust the direction of the gas flowing in through the gas inlet 12 into a spiral direction and then flow out through the gas outlet 13.

[0041] The structure of each guide blade 21 can be the same. The guide blade 21 is sheet-shaped, and the angle between the central axis L of each guide blade and the radius of the radial direction of the gas outlet 13 is α. The radial direction here is the OA line. Point O is the center of the volute 1, and is also the center of the gas outlet opening and the through hole 14. Point A is the intersection of the central axis L of the guide blade 21 and the side of the guide blade 21 close to the center point O of the volute 1.

[0042] In some embodiments, the angle α between each guide blade 21 and the radial direction of the gas outlet 13 is 10° to 60°, specifically 10°, 25°, 30°, 50°, and 60°. The angle α affects the convergence or divergence of the air jet. The guide blades 21 arranged at the above angles can form a spiral airflow for the protective airflow, and the spiral gas can form a certain negative pressure area, which greatly reduces the friction between the water jet and the external air, improves the jet stability and anti-interference ability, better protects the water jet, and is conducive to increasing the stable length of the jet.

[0043] A plurality of guide blades 21 may be arranged along the circumferential direction of the gas outlet opening. The number of guide blades 21 is 16 to 20, specifically 16, 18, or 20. The plurality of guide blades 21 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the gas outlet 13, which makes the protective gas flow more uniform, makes the radial flow distribution more uniform, and makes the protected water column protected in the entire circumferential direction, thereby improving the symmetry of the water column.

[0044] See also Figure 2, along the direction from the gas inlet 12 to the gas outlet 13, the flow area S inside the housing 11 gradually decreases. The channel area of ​​the volute 1 gradually decreases along the flow direction from the gas inlet 12 to the gas outlet 13, which is conducive to the reasonable distribution of the flow between the blade channels and the formation of a uniform flow state. The spiral gas is accelerated by the tapered channel structure, and the high-speed coaxial air jet can increase the ability of the water jet to resist interference from the surrounding environment. At the same time, the strong airflow kinetic energy can more efficiently remove the residual water in the processing area, thereby improving the light-water coupling stability and water-guided laser processing quality near the surface of the workpiece.

[0045] Continue to see Figure 2 In order to increase the speed of the shielding gas ejecting out of the gas outlet 13, in some embodiments, the gas outlet 13 is constructed to be contracted, and the flow area of ​​the downstream section of the gas outlet 13 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the upstream end of the gas outlet 13. The gas outlet 13 adopts the above structure, and the gas velocity ejecting out of the gas outlet 13 is faster, and a larger kinetic energy can be maintained to drain the drainage area, which can further increase the ability of the water jet to resist the interference of the surrounding environment, more efficiently remove the residual water in the processing area, and improve the light-water coupling stability near the surface of the workpiece and the water-guided laser processing quality.

[0046] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a water-conducting laser processing device, including the water-conducting laser protection device provided by any technical solution of the utility model.

[0047] In some embodiments, the water-guided laser protection device further comprises a water jet injection device, which is installed in the through hole 14 of the volute 1. The water jet injection device is configured to spray a water jet. The water jet area P of the water jet sprayed by the water jet injection device is shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0048] Water-guided laser processing is a method of material processing using laser technology. It is mainly used for component processing in the fields of metal processing, glass and quartz processing, and medical treatment. Water-guided laser processing technology uses total reflection technology to collect the laser beam in a slender water jet to form a high-energy water beam with uniform energy, so as to realize operations such as processing, cutting or drilling of workpieces. Water-guided laser processing technology has a good cutting effect. Due to the effect of water-guided laser, the heat generated by the interaction between the laser and the material can be quickly carried away by the water flow, which can effectively avoid thermal damage and burning. Water-guided laser processing technology is highly safe. Water-guided laser processing uses water, and it is not easy to produce gas during the processing, making the operation safer. Water-guided laser processing technology has a strong processing ability for hard materials. It can realize processing operations on hard materials such as steel, alloys, ceramics, etc. by controlling factors such as laser energy and water pressure.

[0049] In the description of the present utility model, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection content of the present utility model. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0050] In the description of the present utility model, each technical feature can be combined with other technical features where feasible.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein, but these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A water-guided laser protection device, characterized in that: include: A volute (1), comprising a shell (11), a gas inlet (12), a gas outlet (13) and a through hole (14); the gas inlet (12) is arranged at the peripheral edge of the shell (11), and the gas outlet (13) is arranged at the center of the shell (11); the through hole (14) is also located at the center of the volute (1), and the through hole (14) and the gas outlet (13) are coaxial, and the gas outlet (13) surrounds the circumference of the through hole (14); and A cyclone (2) is installed inside the shell (11) and is located between the gas inlet (12) and the gas outlet (13); the cyclone (2) is configured to change the flow direction of the gas flowing into the shell (11) through the gas inlet (12).

2. The water-guided laser protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone (2) comprises: A plurality of guide blades (21) are installed inside the housing (11), and the plurality of guide blades (21) are arranged in a circle around the circumference of the gas outlet (13). The plurality of guide blades (21) are configured to adjust the direction of the gas flowing in through the gas inlet (12) into a spiral direction and then flow out through the gas outlet (13).

3. The water-guided laser protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle between each guide blade (21) and the radial direction of the gas outlet (13) is 10° to 60°.

4. The water-guided laser protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the guide blades (21) is 16 to 20.

5. The water-guided laser protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of guide blades (21) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the gas outlet (13).

6. The water-guided laser protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas outlet (13) is configured to be tapered, and the flow area of ​​the downstream section of the gas outlet (13) is smaller than the flow area of ​​the upstream end of the gas outlet (13).

7. The water-guided laser protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the direction from the gas inlet (12) to the gas outlet (13), the flow area inside the shell (11) gradually decreases.

8. The water-guided laser protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contour of the turbine follows the Archimedean spiral.

9. A water-conducting laser processing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the water-conducting laser protection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The water-conducting laser processing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: A water jet injection device is installed in the through hole (14) of the volute (1), and the water jet injection device is configured to spray a water jet.

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