Solar cell backboard and solar cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar cell backboard and a solar cell. The solar cell backboard comprises a base material layer, and a bonding layer is arranged on at least one side of the base material layer. The weather-proof layer is arranged on the other side, far away from the bonding layer, of the base material layer; the reflecting layer is arranged on the side, away from the base material layer, of the bonding layer, and the reflecting layer sequentially comprises a white grid layer and a black grid layer in the direction away from the base material layer. According to the utility model, the light utilization rate of the reflecting layer is improved, and the power generation power of the assembly is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to a solar cell back plate and a solar cell. Background Art

[0002] The solar cell backplane is located on the back of the module, which is used to protect the cells and play a role in isolating water vapor and electrical insulation. As the market strengthens the requirements for the appearance of photovoltaic modules, the black solar cell backplane is close to the color of the cells, and the photovoltaic modules made are consistent in color and very beautiful. However, the light reflectivity of the all-black backplane is low, and the power generation of the module is significantly attenuated compared to the white backplane, and it cannot meet the requirements of bifacial modules.

[0003] There are two types of transparent black grid backplanes currently disclosed. One type has a simple structure, such as CN113299782 A, which is usually composed of a weather-resistant layer / substrate / adhesive layer and a black grid layer. This transparent black grid backplane has a relatively simple structure, and the reflectivity in the 780nm-1100nm band generally does not exceed 30%, and there is almost no gain in the power generation of the component. The other type, such as CN108767042A, discloses a reflective gain type high transmittance solar cell back film and its preparation method. The solar cell back film is composed of a transparent layer / adhesive / substrate layer / resin layer / first pattern layer / second transparent layer / second pattern layer. Although it has a gain in the power generation of the component, it has a complex structure, cumbersome process, and is extremely difficult to produce. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, the utility model proposes a solar cell back plate and a solar cell to solve the problem that the transparent black grid back plate has almost no gain in power generation.

[0005] The first aspect of the utility model provides a solar cell back panel, comprising:

[0006] substrate layer;

[0007] An adhesive layer, the adhesive layer being disposed on at least one side of the substrate layer;

[0008] A weather-resistant layer, the weather-resistant layer being arranged on the other side of the substrate layer away from the bonding layer;

[0009] The reflective layer is arranged on a side of the bonding layer away from the substrate layer, and along a direction away from the substrate layer, the reflective layer sequentially comprises a white grid layer and a black grid layer.

[0010] According to the utility model, a solar cell back panel is provided with an adhesive layer and a reflective layer including a white grid layer and a black grid layer in sequence on a substrate layer, so that the reflectivity is improved and the cell back panel also appears black. Specifically, when light is incident from the top, part of the light reaches the reflective layer and first passes through the black grid layer. The black grid layer absorbs visible light in the 400nm to 780nm band and appears black visually. At the same time, it does not absorb light higher than the 780nm to 1100nm band. The light in the 780nm to 1100nm band is incident on the white grid layer, and after being reflected by the white grid layer, it passes through the black grid layer again and then emerges and can be absorbed and utilized by the cell sheet; the reflective layer greatly improves the light reflectivity, so that the reflectivity in the 780nm to 1100nm band is as high as 70% to 85%, which can effectively improve the power generation of the component.

[0011] Power Generation According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the orthographic projection of a single first grid in the black grid layer on the weather-resistant layer is located inside the orthographic projection of a single second grid on the white grid layer on the weather-resistant layer.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the line width of the second grid is ≤ the line width of the first grid ≤ the line width of the second grid + 0.5 mm.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the reflective layer is 10 μm to 35 μm, thereby further improving the light utilization rate.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the black grid layer is 5 μm to 15 μm, thereby ensuring that the black grid layer has sufficient blackness and sufficient cohesive force.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the white grid layer is 5 μm to 20 μm, thereby ensuring the reflectivity of the white grid layer while also having sufficient cohesive force.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the thickness of the substrate layer is 150 μm to 300 μm; the thickness of the adhesive layer is 3 μm to 15 μm; and the thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 10 μm to 25 μm.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the thickness of the substrate layer is 240 μm to 285 μm, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 5 μm to 10 μm, and the thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 10 μm to 15 μm, thereby further improving the light utilization rate.

[0018] The second aspect of the present invention provides a solar cell, comprising the solar cell back plate described in the first aspect, thereby increasing the power generation of the solar cell.

[0019] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the battery cells are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first grid, and the battery cells and the white grid layer and the black grid layer meet at least one of the following conditions: the gap between two adjacent battery cells ≤ the line width of the second grid ≤ the gap between two adjacent battery cells + 8mm; the area of ​​the first grid is smaller than the area of ​​the battery cells. Thus, the shielding of the battery cells is further reduced to improve the light utilization rate of the back of the backplane.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 are schematic diagrams of structures of some embodiments;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a white grid layer in some embodiments;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a black grid layer in some embodiments;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the comparison scale;

[0026] Figure 5 These are the reflectivities of some examples 1 and comparative examples 1-2.

[0027] Figure numerals: 1-reflective layer; 2-adhesive layer; 3-substrate layer; 4-weather-resistant layer; 1-1-white grid layer; 1-2-black grid layer; 1-1-1-second grid line; 1-1-2-second grid; 1-2-1-first grid line; 1-2-2-first grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the present invention, a solar cell back panel is provided. In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The solar cell back panel includes a substrate layer 3, an adhesive layer 2, a weather-resistant layer 4 and a reflective layer 1.

[0030] In some embodiments, the substrate layer 3 includes a transparent polyester film material, for example, at least one of polyethylene terephthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, and polyethylene naphthalate resin. Further, the substrate layer 3 may have a thickness of 150 μm to 300 μm.

[0031] In some embodiments, the bonding layer 2 is provided on at least one side of the substrate layer 3. Optionally, the bonding layer material of the present application is a conventional material in the field of solar cells, and those skilled in the art can select it according to actual needs. Optionally, the bonding layer 2 is a transparent coating, and the thickness of the bonding layer 2 can be 3μm to 15μm. Thus, the bonding layer has both ultraviolet cutoff performance and good light transmittance, and has sufficient cohesion, and has sufficient peel strength with the adhesive film later, and is also conducive to cost control. Preferably, the thickness of the bonding layer 2 is 5μm to 10μm. Thus, the optical performance is further optimized.

[0032] In some embodiments, the weather-resistant layer 4 is disposed on the other side of the substrate layer 3 away from the bonding layer 2. Optionally, the material of the weather-resistant layer 4 is not limited in the utility model, and all weather-resistant materials used in the solar cell backsheet can be used to manufacture the weather-resistant layer 4. Optionally, the thickness of the weather-resistant layer 4 can be 10 μm to 25 μm. Preferably, the thickness of the weather-resistant layer 4 is 10 μm to 15 μm. Thus, the cost is further reduced on the basis of ensuring the aging performance.

[0033] In some embodiments, the reflective layer 1 is disposed on the side of the adhesive layer 2 away from the substrate layer 3, and the reflective layer 1 includes a white grid layer 1-1 and a black grid layer 1-2 in sequence along the direction away from the substrate layer 3. Thus, when light is incident from the top, part of the light reaches the reflective layer and first passes through the black grid layer. The black grid layer absorbs visible light in the 400nm to 780nm band and appears black visually. At the same time, it does not absorb light in the band higher than 780nm to 1100nm. The light in the 780nm to 1100nm band is incident on the white grid layer, reflected by the white grid layer, and then emitted through the black grid layer again and can be absorbed and utilized by the battery cell.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, see Figure 2, the white grid layer 1-1 is composed of a second grid line 1-1-1 and a second grid 1-1-2 located therein. Optionally, the thickness of the white grid layer 1-1 may be 5μm to 20μm. Thus, while maintaining the high reflectivity of the white grid layer, the white grid layer also has sufficient cohesion, and there is sufficient peeling strength between the subsequent adhesive film, which is also conducive to cost control. Preferably, the thickness of the white grid layer is 10μm to 15μm. Thus, the optical and mechanical properties are further improved. Optionally, the material of the white grid layer 1-1 may include titanium dioxide and fluorocarbon coating. Further, the white grid layer 1-1 may be obtained by curing a fluorocarbon coating including titanium dioxide after screen printing or inkjet printing. As an example, a fluorocarbon coating containing titanium dioxide may include a weather-resistant resin, titanium dioxide, silica, a blocked isocyanate and a solvent; wherein the weather-resistant resin is blended by a fluorocarbon resin (which may be PTFE, PVDF, FEVE or PVF) and a moisture-resistant acrylic resin. The component content of the above fluorocarbon coating containing titanium dioxide can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. Thus, the white grid layer 1-1 can reflect light in the wavelength range of 780nm to 1100nm.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, see Figure 3 , the black grid layer 1-2 is composed of a first grid line 1-2-1 and a first grid 1-2-2 located therein. As an example, the thickness of the black grid layer 1-2 can be 5μm to 15μm. Thus, while ensuring the blackness of the black grid layer 1-2, the black grid layer 1-2 also has sufficient cohesion, and there is sufficient peeling strength between the subsequent adhesive film, which is also beneficial to cost control. Preferably, the thickness of the black grid layer is 8 to 12μm. Thus, the relevant optical properties and mechanical properties are further optimized. Optionally, the material of the black grid layer 1-2 may include perylene organic pigments and fluorocarbon coatings. Furthermore, the black grid layer 1-2 can be obtained by curing a fluorocarbon coating containing perylene organic pigments after screen printing or inkjet printing. As an example, a fluorocarbon coating containing perylene-based organic pigments may include a weather-resistant resin, barium sulfate, a black organic pigment, silica, a blocked isocyanate, and a solvent; wherein the weather-resistant resin is blended from a fluorocarbon resin and a moisture-resistant acrylic resin; wherein the black organic pigment may be a black organic pigment mixed from perylene black or perylene red, perylene yellow, and perylene violet according to the principle of three primary colors. The component content of the above fluorocarbon coating containing perylene-based organic pigments can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. Thus, the black grid layer 1-2 can visually appear black by absorbing visible light in the 400nm to 780nm band, while not absorbing light in the 780 to 1100nm band.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the orthographic projection of a single first grid 1-2-2 in the black grid layer 1-2 on the weather-resistant layer 4 is located inside the orthographic projection of a single second grid 1-1-2 on the white grid layer 1-1 on the weather-resistant layer 4. Specifically, including the case where the area of ​​the second grid 1-1-2 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the first grid 1-2-2, based on the grid layer consisting of grid lines and grids, in this embodiment, the grid area is controlled by controlling the grid line width. As an example, the width of the second grid line 1-1-2 (i.e., the line width of the second grid) ≤ the width of the first grid line 1-2-1 (i.e., the line width of the first grid) ≤ the width of the second grid line 1-1-2 + 0.5mm. When the width of the second grid line 1-1-2 is equal to the width of the first grid line 1-2-1, the orthographic projections of the two on the weather-resistant layer 4 coincide. As a result, the requirement that the black grid lines completely cover the white grid lines is just met, so that the solar back panel is black as a whole. In other cases, the orthographic projection of the first grid 1-2-2 on the weather-resistant layer 4 is located inside the orthographic projection of the second grid 1-1-2 on the weather-resistant layer 4. Therefore, the black grid lines are wider than the white grid lines, making the solar back panel black as a whole, while reducing the manufacturing difficulty.

[0037] According to the solar cell backplane of the utility model, by sequentially arranging an adhesive layer and a reflective layer consisting of a white grid layer and a black grid layer on the substrate layer, the reflectivity is improved while the cell backplane also appears black. Specifically, when light is incident from the top, part of the light reaches the reflective layer, first passes through the black grid layer, and the black grid layer absorbs visible light in the 400nm to 780nm band, visually appears black, and does not absorb light higher than the 780nm to 1100nm band. The light in the 780nm to 1100nm band is incident on the white grid layer, reflected by the white grid layer, and then emitted after passing through the black grid layer again, and can be absorbed and utilized by the cell; the reflective layer greatly improves the light reflectivity, so that the reflectivity in the 780nm to 1100nm band is as high as 70% to 85%, which can effectively improve the power generation of the component.

[0038] A second aspect of the utility model provides a solar cell, comprising the solar cell back panel described in the first aspect.

[0039] In some embodiments, the solar cell includes a cell, and the cell is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first grid, that is, a single cell is arranged at each first grid, and the cell and the white grid layer and the black grid layer meet at least one of the following conditions: the gap between two adjacent cells ≤ the line width of the second grid ≤ the gap between two adjacent cells + 8mm; the area of ​​the first grid is smaller than the area of ​​the cell. Therefore, based on the fact that the line width of the second grid is equal to the gap between two adjacent cells plus the sum of the widths covered by two adjacent cells, the above limitation makes the width covered by the cell less than or equal to 4mm, while meeting the installation requirements of the cell backplane and the cell, reducing the shielding of the cell by the first grid line, making it easier to use the light on the back of the backplane, and further improving the light utilization rate. As an example, the specification of a half-cell battery is 182mm*91mm, the gap between adjacent battery cells is 4mm, the width of the second grid line 1-1-1 is 9.5mm, the width of the first grid line 1-2-1 is 10mm, and the size of the first grid 1-2-2 is 176mm*85mm. At this time, the first grid line 1-2-1 blocks a width of 3mm on each side of the battery cell.

[0040] Under normal circumstances, the gap area of ​​photovoltaic modules is about 5% of the total area of ​​the modules. Based on the transmittance of photovoltaic glass light in the 400nm-1100nm band of 90%, the overall light utilization rate is 90%*(1-5%)=85.5%, corresponding to 100% of the module power; the reflectivity of the black backplane in the 400nm-780nm band is less than <3%. Even if all the light in the 780nm-1100nm band is reflected and utilized, the power increase limit is about (1100-780) / (1100-400)*5%=2.28%. Based on the calculation of 500W / module, the power gain reaches 8W (gain amplitude 1.6%) or more, and the reflectivity of the 780nm-1100nm band must be ≥70%, and the power generation power increases by 1W for every 7.9% increase in its reflectivity, which is very difficult. The utility model uses the black grid layer 1-2 and the white grid layer 1-1 to make the reflectivity of the reflective layer in the 780nm-1100nm band as high as 70%-85%, which significantly improves the power generation of the component. Therefore, the solar back panel of the utility model can increase the power generation of the solar cell.

[0041] The present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that these embodiments are merely illustrative and do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell back sheet, which includes a reflective layer 1 composed of a black grid layer 1-2 and a white grid layer 1-1, an adhesive layer 2, a substrate layer 3 and a weather-resistant layer 4. The adhesive layer 2 and the weather-resistant layer 4 are respectively located on the two surfaces of the substrate layer 3, and the white grid layer 1-1 and the black grid layer 1-2 are sequentially arranged on the adhesive layer 2. The total thickness of the reflective layer 1 is 15μm, of which the thickness of the black grid layer 1-2 is 10μm, and the thickness of the white grid layer 1-1 is 5μm; the thickness of the adhesive layer 2 is 5μm; the thickness of the substrate layer 3 is 275μm; and the thickness of the weather-resistant layer 4 is 15μm.

[0044] The production method of solar cell back panel is as follows:

[0045] A transparent weather-resistant layer coating liquid was coated on one side of a 275 μm thick transparent PET, and dried at 150°C for 2 minutes to obtain a weather-resistant layer with a thickness of 15 μm; a transparent adhesive layer coating liquid was coated on the other side of the PET, and dried at 150°C for 1 minute to obtain an adhesive layer with a thickness of 5 μm; a fluorocarbon resin coating containing titanium dioxide and a fluorocarbon resin coating containing perylene organic pigments were continuously printed on the adhesive layer by screen printing, and dried at 150°C for 2 minutes to obtain a reflective layer consisting of a 10 μm black grid layer and a 5 μm white grid layer.

[0046] The performance of the solar cell back panel was tested after being aged at 50°C for 1 day.

[0047] The weather-resistant layer coating liquid is composed of 36.0wt% of weather-resistant resin, 5.0wt% of silicon dioxide, 4.0wt% of isocyanate, and 56wt% of ethanol; the weather-resistant resin is a mixture of FEVE and moisture-resistant acrylic resin in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0048] The adhesive layer coating liquid is composed of 36.0wt% weather-resistant resin, 2.0wt% epoxy resin, 4.0wt% silicon dioxide, 4.0wt% isocyanate, and 54wt% ethanol. The weather-resistant resin is a mixture of FEVE and moisture-resistant acrylic resin in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0049] The fluorocarbon resin coating of titanium dioxide is composed of 25.0wt% of weather-resistant resin, 35.0wt% of titanium dioxide, 1.5wt% of silicon dioxide, 4.0wt% of blocked isocyanate, and 34.5wt% of ethanol. The weather-resistant resin is a mixture of FEVE and moisture-resistant acrylic resin in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0050] The fluorocarbon resin coating containing perylene organic pigments is composed of 33.0wt% weather-resistant resin, 30.0wt% barium sulfate, 7% perylene black, 4.5wt% silicon dioxide, 4.0wt% blocked isocyanate, and 25.5wt% ethanol. The weather-resistant resin is a mixture of FEVE and moisture-resistant acrylic resin in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that the thickness of the white grid layer is 10 μm.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that the thickness of the black mesh layer is 15 μm, and the thickness of the white mesh layer is 20 μm.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that the thickness of the black mesh layer is 5 μm, and the thickness of the white mesh layer is 5 μm.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] like Figure 4 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the solar cell back sheet structure, which includes a reflective layer 1 composed of a black grid layer, an adhesive layer 2, a substrate layer 3, and a weather-resistant layer 4. The thickness of the reflective layer 1 is 10 μm; the thickness of the adhesive layer 2 is 5 μm; the thickness of the substrate layer 3 is 275 μm; and the thickness of the weather-resistant layer 4 is 15 μm.

[0059] The production method of solar cell back panel is as follows:

[0060] A transparent weather-resistant layer coating liquid was coated on one side of a 275 μm thick transparent PET, and dried at 150°C for 2 minutes to obtain a weather-resistant layer with a thickness of 15 μm; a transparent adhesive layer coating liquid was coated on the other side of the PET, and dried at 150°C for 1 minute to obtain an adhesive layer with a thickness of 5 μm; a black grid coating liquid was printed on the adhesive layer by screen printing, and dried at 150°C for 1 minute to obtain a black grid layer with a total thickness of 10 μm.

[0061] The performance of the samples was tested after being aged at 50°C for 1 day.

[0062] The weather-resistant layer coating liquid and the adhesive layer coating liquid are the same as those in Example 1.

[0063] The black grid coating liquid is composed of 33.0wt% weather-resistant resin, 30.0wt% barium sulfate, 7% iron chrome black, 4.5wt% silicon dioxide, 4.0wt% blocked isocyanate, and 25.5wt% ethanol. The weather-resistant resin is a mixture of FEVE and moisture-resistant acrylic resin in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0064] Comparative Example 2

[0065] The rest is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that the thickness of the reflective layer 1 is 20 μm, and the black grid coating liquid is the same as that of Example 1.

[0066] Test Case

[0067] Test the samples as follows:

[0068] Determination of thickness:

[0069] According to the provisions of Chapter 4 of GB / T 13542.2-2021. Take three backboards with an original width of 100mm in the horizontal direction of the film roll from the same roll as the sample, measure nine measurement points on each sample, and the distance between each two measurement points is not less than 50mm. For uncut samples, the measurement point should be 50mm away from the edge. For trimmed samples, the measurement point should be 2mm away from the edge. The results are averaged to 1μm, and the standard deviation of the measurement is recorded.

[0070] Determination of reflectivity:

[0071] The reflectivity was measured according to the provisions of Article 5.1 of GB / T 3979-2008, and the wavelength range of the spectrophotometer was set to: 780-1100 nm for the inner black backplane. At least three samples were tested, and the test results were averaged. The parameters and reflectivity of the embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Figure 5 It is the reflectivity of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that the reflectivity of the black grid backplane of Example 1 in the 780nm~1100nm band has obvious advantages over the reflectivity of Comparative Examples 1~2, that is, the gain effect in the photovoltaic module is more advantageous.

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075] It can be seen from Table 1 that the reflectances of Examples 1 to 4 are 70.0% to 82.3%. The reflectances of Examples 1 to 4 are all better than those of Comparative Examples 1 to 2, and are greatly improved on the basis of Comparative Examples 1 to 2.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell back sheet, characterized in that: include: substrate layer; An adhesive layer, the adhesive layer being disposed on at least one side of the substrate layer; A weather-resistant layer, the weather-resistant layer being arranged on the other side of the substrate layer away from the bonding layer; The reflective layer is arranged on a side of the bonding layer away from the substrate layer, and along a direction away from the substrate layer, the reflective layer sequentially comprises a white grid layer and a black grid layer.

2. The solar cell back sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of a single first grid in the black grid layer on the weather-resistant layer is located inside the orthographic projection of a single second grid on the white grid layer on the weather-resistant layer.

3. The solar cell back sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The line width of the second grid is ≤ the line width of the first grid ≤ the line width of the second grid+0.5 mm.

4. The solar cell back sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the reflective layer is 10 μm to 35 μm.

5. The solar cell back sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the black grid layer is 5 μm to 15 μm, and the thickness of the white grid layer is 5 μm to 20 μm.

6. The solar cell back sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the substrate layer is 150 μm to 300 μm; The thickness of the bonding layer is 3 μm to 15 μm; The thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 10 μm to 25 μm.

7. The solar cell back sheet according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the substrate layer is 240 μm to 285 μm; The thickness of the bonding layer is 5 μm to 10 μm; The thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 10 μm to 15 μm.

8. The solar cell back sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the substrate layer includes polyethylene terephthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin or polyethylene naphthalate resin.

9. A solar cell, characterized in that: A solar cell back panel comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The solar cell includes a cell, and the cell is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first grid. The cell, the white grid layer, and the black grid layer meet at least one of the following conditions: The gap between two adjacent battery cells is ≤ the line width of the first grid in the black grid layer ≤ the gap between two adjacent battery cells + 8 mm; The area of ​​a single first grid is smaller than the area of ​​a single battery cell.

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