Measuring wheel for harvester head in forestry work machine
By designing asymmetric gears with shoulders, the existing measurement wheels slide or over-entrapment on the tree surface is solved, achieving more precise measurements and reducing tree damage.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420933202.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-05-04
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-30
AI Technical Summary
The measurement wheel of existing forestry operation machines slides or falls too far into the surface of the tree trunk, resulting in inaccurate measurement results and serious damage to the tree.
A new type of measuring wheel is designed, with gears including gear body and peripheral teeth, with shoulders that make the teeth asymmetrical, thereby avoiding excessive trapping and sliding while maintaining a wide tooth gap to reduce dirt accumulation.
A stable contact between the measuring wheel and the trunk of the tree is achieved, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results while reducing damage to the tree surface.
Smart Images
Figure CN222598700U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a forestry working machine, and in particular to a measuring wheel of a harvester head in the forestry working machine. Background Art
[0002] When harvesting wood by a forestry machine, the wood is processed, i.e. it is processed in the harvester head of the forestry machine. The wood processing usually includes felling the trees, removing branches, i.e. debranching, from the felled trees, and crosscutting the trunks of the felled trees into sections of preferred length. For debranching the felled trees, the felled trees are fed with the aid of a feeding device, which can be pressed against the tree trunks in the harvester head, and at the same time, for debranching the tree trunks, a debranching device for removing branches is pressed against the tree trunks in the harvester head. After this, the sections of the tree trunks from which the branches have been removed are crosscut into sections of preferred length.
[0003] The length of the tree trunk is measured by a measuring device. The measuring device may comprise a measuring wheel which rotates with the movement of the tree trunk as it moves in the harvester head. In order to make the measurement as accurate as possible, the circumferential speed of the measuring wheel must be equal to the movement speed of the tree trunk. Therefore, it must be avoided that the measuring wheel slides on the surface of the tree trunk. Furthermore, in order to ensure accurate measurement results, it is good if the teeth of the measuring wheel penetrate evenly into the tree trunk. Additionally, the measuring device should not cause excessive damage to the surface of the tree trunk. Utility Model Content
[0004] The object of the invention is therefore to develop a new type of measuring wheel in a harvester head of a forestry working machine. The solution according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the various aspects of the invention. Embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the various aspects of the invention.
[0005] In the proposed solution, the measuring wheel in the harvester head of a forestry machine is a gear. The gear comprises a gear body and teeth located on the periphery of the gear body. In addition, a plurality of teeth comprise shoulders, so that the shoulders form the teeth so as to be asymmetrical when viewed from the side of the teeth. Due to the shoulders, the teeth of the gear of the measuring wheel will not excessively sink into the tree trunk. Therefore, the tree trunk will not be seriously damaged. On the other hand, the teeth can be arranged so sharp above the shoulders that the measuring wheel will not slip. Similarly, the teeth penetrate evenly into the tree trunk. In the case where the teeth are formed asymmetrically by means of the shoulders, the gaps between the teeth can be arranged very spacious, i.e., so that substantially no bark, resin or other dirt accumulates in the gaps. In this way, no excess material will accumulate, which would weaken the bond between the measuring wheel and the tree trunk.
[0006] According to an embodiment, each tooth comprises a shoulder.Then, the manufacture of the measuring wheel is simple and it is possible to precisely control how each tooth penetrates into the bark of the tree.
[0007] According to an embodiment, the shoulder is formed on the exit side of the tooth. In this case, substantially no bark, resin or other dirt can accumulate on the front side of the tooth. Therefore, slipping of the measuring wheel along the typical rotation direction of the measuring wheel can be avoided particularly well.
[0008] According to an embodiment, the shoulder is formed on the tooth only in one direction. Thus, the structure of the measuring wheel becomes relatively simple.
[0009] According to an embodiment, the width of the teeth is completely equal to the thickness of the gear body.Such a solution also makes the structure of the measuring wheel simple in this respect.
[0010] According to an embodiment, the width of the shoulder is completely equal to the thickness of the gear body. Thus, a shoulder as wide as possible is obtained while keeping the structure of the measuring wheel simple.
[0011] According to an embodiment, the gear body comprises a shaped portion to enable the measuring wheel to be mounted to the harvester head only in the mounting direction. In this way, it is ensured that the measuring wheel is mounted in place such that the measuring wheel is in an optimal position in terms of operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] The present invention will now be described in more detail in conjunction with some embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0013] Figure 1 schematically shows an oblique top view of a harvester head of a forestry machine;
[0014] Figure 2 Schematically shows a side view of a measuring wheel in a harvester head of a forestry machine;
[0015] Figure 3 Schematically shows Figure 2 a side view of the teeth of the measuring wheel; and
[0016] Figure 4 It is along Figure 2 The line AA intercepts Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a portion of a measuring wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] For felling and / or processing of trees, the forestry machine can be equipped with a harvester head. The harvester constitutes a mobile forestry machine equipped with a harvester head, which is used to perform felling of trees, remove branches from felled trees, and cross-cut the trunks of felled trees into sections of preferred length. Alternatively, the mobile forestry machine equipped with a harvester head can also be a combination of a transporter and a harvester, wherein the forestry machine in question also includes a load space for receiving the load to be transported by the forestry machine, which is usually a cross-cut section of the trunk of a tree into a certain size. In addition, the mobile forestry machine equipped with a harvester head can also be some other forestry machine suitable for felling trees and / or processing felled trees, such as, for example, an excavator with a harvester head, which is fixed to the boom of the excavator.
[0018] Figure 1 An oblique top view of a harvester head 1 of a forestry machine is shown. When felled trees are being processed, i.e. handled in the harvester head to remove branches, the felled trees are usually fed in one direction in the harvester head and branches are removed from the trunk of the tree at the same time. After the branches have been removed, in order to achieve a preferred length of the tree trunk, the tree trunk is crosscut and the delimbed section of the tree trunk in question is removed from the section of the tree trunk that has not yet been delimbed. This operation is repeated until the tree top is reached. Figure 1 The harvester head 1 is suitable for felling trees, removing branches and, if necessary, bark from felled trees, and crosscutting the trunks of felled trees into sections of preferred length. The solution proposed here also applies to harvester heads that are only suitable for removing branches and, if necessary, bark from already felled trees, and crosscutting the trunks of the trees in question, which are sometimes also called processing heads of forestry machines to distinguish them from harvester heads that are also suitable for felling trees.
[0019] Figure 1The harvester head 1 of the present invention comprises a frame structure, on which tools for felling trees and processing the felled trees are arranged, the tools being connected to the frame structure and fitted to the harvester head 1. The tools for felling and processing trees generally comprise a feeding device 2, a debranching device 4 and a cross-cutting device 6. The feeding device 2 is used to support the trees during felling and to feed the trees in the harvester head 1 when the felled trees are processed in the harvester head 1. The debranching device 4 is used to support the trees during felling and to remove branches of the felled trees, i.e. to debranch the trees fed using the feeding device 2 in the harvester head 1. The cross-cutting device 6 is used to cross-cut the felled trees and to cross-cut the trees processed in the harvester head 1 into portions of a preferred length.
[0020] The trees processed in the harvester head 1 are fed forwards by the feeding device 2 from the direction of the front part 7a of the harvester head to the direction of the rear part 7b of the harvester head 1. If necessary, the trees can also be fed backwards from the direction of the rear part 7b of the harvester head 1 to the direction of the front part 7a of the harvester head 1. During this feeding of the trees, branches are removed from the tree trunks by the delimbing device 4. Figure 1 In the harvester head 1 of the present invention, the first debranching blade 5a of the debranching device 4 is arranged at the front part 7a of the harvester head 1, and the trees to be processed are fed forward in the harvester head via the first debranching blade 5a. The parts of the tree trunks from which branches have been removed are cross-cut into parts of preferred length by the cross-cutting device 6 arranged at the rear part 7b of the harvester head 1, so that the cross-cutting device 6 is the last device in the typical travel direction of the trees passing through the harvester head 1, and the cross-cutting device 6 applies the treatment measures for the parts of the harvester head 1 to the trees to be processed through the harvester head 1. The feeding device 2 is arranged between the first debranching blade 5a of the debranching device 4 and the cross-cutting device 6.
[0021] The feeding device 2 of the harvester head 1 comprises a feeding device which is pressed against the tree trunk for both supporting the tree to be felled during felling and feeding the felled tree processed by the harvester head 1 by using said feeding device in the harvester head 1. Figure 1 In the harvester head 1 of the present invention, the feeding device comprises a feeding roller 3 which, by using one or more actuators associated with the feeding roller 3, is pressed against the surface of the tree trunk and rotated to feed the tree being processed in the harvester head 1. Figure 1 The feed roller 3 in the harvester head 1 is a roller equipped with outwardly directed teeth. Instead of the feed roller 3, the feed device can be, for example, a continuous feed belt or a chain track type feed chain.
[0022] The delimbing device 4 of the harvester head 1 comprises delimbing implements which are pressed against the tree trunks for the purpose of both supporting the trees to be felled during felling and delimbing the felled trees processed by the harvester head 1 as they are fed by the feeding device 2 in the harvester head 1. Figure 1 In a harvester head 1 of the type described herein, the debranching implement comprises both a top or front debranching blade 5a, which is positioned in the direction of a front portion 7a of the harvester head 1 compared to the feed roller 3, i.e. in front of the feed roller 3, as seen in a typical feeding direction of the trees 9, and a bottom or rear debranching blade 5b, which is positioned in the direction of a rear portion 7b of the harvester head 1 compared to the feed roller 3, i.e. behind the feed roller 3, as seen in a typical feeding direction of the trees, and which is pressed against the tree surface by using one or more actuators associated with the debranching blades 5a, 5b for cutting branches of the tree being processed in the harvester head 1. Alternatively, the harvester head 1 may sometimes comprise only the top, i.e. front, debranching blade 5a. In addition to the movable delimbing blades 5a, 5b, the harvester head may also comprise a fixed delimbing blade, which is a separate blade fastened to the harvester head body or a blade formed to the harvester head body.
[0023] The crosscutting device 6 of the harvester head 1 comprises one or more crosscutting tools, by using which the felled trees are crosscut at preferred points and into sections of preferred lengths when the felled trees are processed in the harvester head 1. Figure 1 In the harvester head 1 of the present invention, the crosscutting device is constituted by a crosscutting saw of the chain-saw type, which, by using one or more actuators associated therewith, is used for both: crosscutting the felled trees and crosscutting the felled trees into sections of preferred length. The crosscutting saw can also be realized as a crosscutting saw of the circular saw or rotary saw type. Instead of a crosscutting saw, the crosscutting device can also be, for example, one or two mobile cutting tools.
[0024] The harvester head 1 further comprises a measuring wheel 8. The measuring wheel 8 is arranged to contact the tree trunks being processed in the harvester head 1. When the tree is moved by the feeding device 2 from the direction of the front part 7a of the harvester head forwards towards the rear part 7b of the harvester head 1 or from the direction of the rear part 7b of the harvester head 1 backwards towards the front part 7a of the harvester head 1, the measuring wheel 8 rotates accordingly. The measuring wheel 8 is connected to other parts of the measuring device so that the measuring device can determine, for example, the length of the cross-cut portion of the tree, i.e. the amount of tree fed between two cross-cutting events, based on the rotation of the measuring wheel 8.
[0025] Figure 2 A side view of the measuring wheel 8 is shown schematically. Figure 2 Also schematically shown are tree trunks 13 being processed. Arrow B shows a typical feed direction of the tree trunks 13, i.e. from the front part 7a of the harvester head 1 towards the rear part 7b of the harvester head 1. A typical direction of rotation of the measuring wheel 8, which corresponds to a typical feed direction of the tree trunks 13, is indicated by Figure 2 In the case of a blockage or obstruction, for example, the tree trunk 13 can briefly even move in the opposite direction relative to the arrow B, whereby the measuring wheel 8 then rotates in the opposite direction relative to the arrow C, correspondingly.
[0026] The measuring wheel 8 is a gear. The gear includes a gear body 9 and teeth 10 located on the outer periphery of the gear body 9. The teeth 10 include a shoulder 11, so that the shoulder 11 forms the teeth 10 to be asymmetrical when viewed from the side.
[0027] exist Figure 1 In an embodiment, each tooth 10 comprises a shoulder 11. Then, all teeth 10 have the same shape. The manufacture of such a measuring wheel 8 is simple, and it is possible to precisely control how each tooth 10 penetrates into the bark of the tree. In a preferred case, the shoulder 11 can be formed only on a portion of the teeth 10. In this case, there is no shoulder in a portion of the gaps between consecutive teeth 10, so that such gaps between teeth 10 are particularly wide.
[0028] exist Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, the shoulder 11 is formed on the exit side 12b of the tooth 10. Seen from the typical rotation direction C of the measuring wheel 8, the tooth 10 comprises a first entry side 12a and a last exit side 12b. Thus, the entry side 12a and the exit side 12b are located on opposite sides of the tooth 10 in the rotation direction of the measuring wheel. The entry side 12a is the side of the tooth that first encounters the trunk 13 of the tree to be treated in the typical rotation direction C of the measuring wheel 8. The entry side 12a of the tooth can also be referred to as the front side or the front edge. The exit side 12b of the tooth can also be referred to as the rear side or the rear edge.
[0029] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the shoulder 11 is formed on the tooth 10 only in one direction, that is, on its exit side 12b. In a preferred case, the tooth can also include one or more shoulders in other directions, such as on the right or left side of the tooth 10 or on both the right and left sides.
[0030] exist Figure 4 In the implementation mode, Figure 4It is shown that the width 11 of the tooth 10 is completely equal to the thickness 12 of the gear body 9. In a preferred case, the tooth 10 may be formed such that, for example, the tip of the tooth 10 is narrower than the gear body 9.
[0031] In addition, in this Figure 4 In the implementation mode, Figure 4 It is shown that the width of the shoulder 11 is completely equal to the thickness 12 of the gear body 9. In a preferred case, the shoulder 11 can be formed to be narrower than the gear body 9 or wider than the gear body 9.
[0032] An opening 14 is provided in the middle of the gear body 9. The harvester head 1 comprises a shaft, the outer diameter of which is equal to the inner diameter of the opening 14, whereby the measuring wheel 8 can be arranged in place in the harvester head 1 around the shaft. The gear body 9 also comprises a hole 15. The harvester head 1 comprises a pin corresponding to the hole 15, whereby the measuring wheel 8 can be arranged in place in the harvester head by means of the hole 15.
[0033] A groove or depression 16 is provided on the edge of the opening 14 and a corresponding protrusion is provided on the shaft of the harvester head 1. The depression 16 is formed asymmetrically with respect to the hole 15, whereby the measuring wheel 8 can be arranged in position in the harvester head 1 in only one mounting direction due to the depression 16, the hole 15 and the protrusion in the shaft of the harvester head 1 and the pin in the harvester head 1. Therefore, the gear body 9 comprises a shaped portion to enable the measuring wheel 8 to be mounted to the harvester head 1 in only the mounting direction.
[0034] The size of the measuring wheel 8 depends on the model, size and size of the harvester head 1. The outer diameter of the measuring wheel 8 can be, for example, 100mm to 300mm. The inner diameter of the opening 14 can be, for example, 30mm to 150mm. The thickness l2 of the gear body 9 can be, for example, 2mm to 8mm. The height h1 of the tooth 10, that is, the vertical distance between the tip of the tooth 10 and the line passing through the bottom of the tooth gap on both sides of the tooth, can be, for example, 5mm to 20mm. The height h2 of the shoulder 11, that is, the vertical distance between the upper surface of the shoulder 11 and the line passing through the bottom of the tooth gap on both sides of the tooth, can be, for example, 30% to 70% of the height h1 of the tooth 10. The range w of the shoulder 11, that is, the size of the shoulder 11 in the rotation direction C, can be, for example, 1mm to 5mm.
[0035] Those skilled in the art will find that it is obvious that, with the advancement of technology, the basic concept of the utility model can be implemented in many different ways. Therefore, the utility model and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above, but can be varied within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A measuring wheel for a harvester head in a forestry machine, characterized in that: The measuring wheel (8) is a gear, which includes a gear body (9) and teeth (10) located on the outer periphery of the gear body, and a plurality of the teeth (10) include shoulders (11), so that the shoulders (11) form the teeth (10) to be asymmetrical when viewed from the side.
2. The measuring wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that Each tooth (10) comprises a shoulder (11).
3. The measuring wheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The shoulder (11) is formed on the exit side (12b) of the tooth (10).
4. The measuring wheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The shoulder (11) is formed on the tooth (10) in only one direction.
5. The measuring wheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The width (l1) of the tooth (10) is completely equal to the thickness (l2) of the gear body (9).
6. The measuring wheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The width of the shoulder (11) is completely equal to the thickness (l2) of the gear body (9).
7. The measuring wheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The gear body (9) comprises shaped portions to enable the measuring wheel (8) to be mounted to the harvester head (1) in only one mounting orientation.