Cold-resistant subsurface flow constructed wetland

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cold-resistant subsurface flow constructed wetland which comprises a water distribution channel positioned at a water inlet end and a drainage channel positioned at a drainage end, a water purification system is arranged between the water distribution channel and the drainage channel, the water purification system is sequentially provided with an anti-seepage film, an anti-seepage protection layer, wetland filler and an upper water collection layer from bottom to top, and submerged plants are planted in the upper water collection layer. The bottom end of the water distribution channel is communicated with the bottom end of the wetland filler through a water distribution pipe, and a first drainage pipe and a second drainage pipe are arranged in the middle and on the upper portion of the end, close to the upper water collection layer, of the drainage channel respectively. The upper water collecting layer is arranged on the upper portion of the water purification system, the ecological filler is laid on the lower portion of the water purification system, on one hand, winter anti-season growing plants are planted in the upper water collecting layer to guarantee the purification capacity of subsurface flow wetland plants in winter, on the other hand, the upper water collecting layer is equivalent to a heat preservation structure, and the water temperature in wetland filler can be maintained at about 10 DEG C; the activity of microorganisms is maintained, so that the water purification effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland. Background Art

[0002] Constructed wetlands have the advantages of low energy consumption, no need for chemicals, no secondary pollution, strong impact resistance, and organic integration with the surrounding environment in treating sewage. Subsurface flow constructed wetlands are an important type of constructed wetlands. They mainly use the physical, chemical, and biological synergistic effects of wetland fillers, plants, and microorganisms to purify sewage. Plants planted on subsurface flow wetland fillers play an important role in purifying water by absorbing and removing nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus.

[0003] In winter, especially in the north, the plants on the upper part of the traditional subsurface flow wetland turn yellow and dormant, and their water purification function is basically lost, causing the water purification capacity of the wetland to drop significantly, resulting in substandard effluent water quality. There is an urgent need for a cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland that can still play a role in plant purification in the northern winter. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above technical problems in the related technologies, the utility model provides a cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland, which can solve the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] A cold-resistant subsurface artificial wetland comprises a water distribution channel at a water inlet end and a drainage channel at a drainage end, a water purification system is arranged between the water distribution channel and the drainage channel, the water purification system is provided with an impermeable membrane, an impermeable protective layer, a wetland filler, and an upper water-collecting layer in sequence from bottom to top, submerged plants are planted in the upper water-collecting layer, the water surface of the upper water-collecting layer covers the submerged plants, the bottom end of the water distribution channel is connected with the bottom end of the wetland filler through a water distribution pipe, and a drainage pipe 1 and a drainage pipe 2 are respectively arranged in the middle and upper parts of one end of the drainage channel close to the upper water-collecting layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the tops of the water distribution channel and the drainage channel are both closed structures, and inspection ports are provided at the tops of the water distribution channel and the drainage channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the anti-seepage protective layer is a fine sand protective layer, and the four sides of the anti-seepage membrane extend out of the water surface of the upper water collection layer along the four side walls of the water purification system.

[0009] Furthermore, the wetland filler is volcanic rock or gravel, the porosity of the wetland filler is not less than 30%, the thickness is 400mm to 1000mm, and low-temperature-resistant bacteria are attached to the wetland filler.

[0010] Furthermore, the submerged plants include one or more of fish algae, black algae, yellow bladderwort, water chestnut and water shield grass, the proportion of off-season growing plants in winter among the submerged plants is 30% to 70%, and low-temperature resistant bacteria are attached to the submerged plants.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the water distribution pipe passes through the side wall of the water distribution channel, and the other end extends to the right end of the wetland filler, and a plurality of water discharge holes are opened on the lower side of the water distribution pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper part of the upper water-collecting layer is connected to the drainage channel through the drainage pipe 2, and the bottom of the upper water-collecting layer is connected to the drainage channel through the drainage pipe 1, and valves are provided in the drainage pipe 1 and the drainage pipe 2.

[0013] Furthermore, the drain pipe is an L-shaped structure, one end of the drain pipe passes through the side wall of the drain channel, and the other end is located in the drain channel and arranged vertically upward, and the valve is a manually controlled valve or an electrically controlled valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the electric control valve is electrically connected to an electric control device disposed on the top of the drainage channel, and the electric control device includes a control circuit board, and the control circuit board is electrically connected to a solar cell unit, a camera facing the water purification system, and a wireless communication unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the electronic control device is also electrically connected to a water quality sensor disposed at the water outlet ends of the drain pipe 1 and the drain pipe 2.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the upper part of the water purification system of the present application adopts an upper water collection layer, and the lower part adopts a structure of laying ecological fillers. On the one hand, the upper water collection layer ensures the purification capacity of subsurface wetland plants in winter by planting off-season growing plants in winter. On the other hand, the upper water collection layer is equivalent to a thermal insulation structure, and the water temperature inside the wetland filler can be maintained at about 10°C, maintaining the activity of microorganisms and thus ensuring the water purification effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] The utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1This is a simplified structural diagram of a cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland described in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the water distribution pipe described in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] In the figure:

[0022] 1. Water distribution channel; 2. Upper water collection layer; 3. Submerged plants; 4. Drainage channel; 5. Drainage pipe 1; 6. Water distribution pipe; 7. Wetland filler; 8. Anti-seepage protective layer; 9. Anti-seepage membrane; 10. Drainage pipe 2; 11. Electronic control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] like Figure 1-2 As shown, according to the utility model, a cold-resistant submerged flow artificial wetland is disclosed, including a water distribution channel 1 located at the water inlet end and a drainage channel 4 located at the drainage end, a water purification system is arranged between the water distribution channel 1 and the drainage channel 4, and the water purification system is provided with an impermeable membrane 9, an impermeable protective layer 8, a wetland filler 7, and an upper water-collecting layer 2 in sequence from bottom to top, submerged plants 3 are planted in the upper water-collecting layer 2, and the water surface of the upper water-collecting layer 2 submerges the submerged plants 3, the bottom end of the water distribution channel 1 is connected with the bottom end of the wetland filler 7 through a water distribution pipe 6, and a drainage pipe 1 5 and a drainage pipe 2 10 are respectively arranged in the middle and upper parts of one end of the drainage channel 4 close to the upper water-collecting layer 2.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] The anti-seepage function of the anti-seepage membrane 9 of the present application includes the bottom anti-seepage of the purification system and the four walls anti-seepage (the four edges of the anti-seepage membrane 9 extending out of the water surface are more than 100mm above the water surface). 700g / m 2 Two cloths and one membrane, the anti-seepage requirement is that the leakage is less than 10 -3 m, in order to protect the anti-seepage membrane 9 from being punctured by the wetland filler 7, an anti-seepage protective layer 8 is laid on the upper end of the anti-seepage membrane 9, and the anti-seepage protective layer 8 can be made of fine aggregates such as sand and soil.

[0027] Embodiment 2:

[0028] In the present application, the wetland filler 7 can be made of natural materials such as volcanic rock and gravel, as well as artificial synthetic materials. The thickness of the wetland filler 7 is 400mm~1000mm, the particle size is 20~30mm, and the porosity is not less than 30%. Refractory bacteria are attached to the wetland filler 7. The refractory bacteria can be improved, have good resistance to low temperature survival, strong reproduction ability, and are artificially domesticated and cultivated.

[0029] The upper end of the wetland filler 7 is the upper water collection layer 2, with a water depth of 600-1500 mm. Submerged plants 3 are planted in the upper water collection layer 2, and the planting density can be 16 plants / m 2 Among the submerged plants 3, the proportion of plants that grow off-season in winter (such as Potamogeton crispus) is 30% to 70%.

[0030] Embodiment three:

[0031] In the present application, the net width and height of the water distribution channel 1 are 0.8m and 2.35m respectively, and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure is adopted, and an inspection port is arranged on the top of the channel. The net width and height of the drainage channel 4 are 0.8m and 2.35m respectively, and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure is also adopted, and an inspection port is arranged on the top of the channel. The water distribution pipe 6 is connected to the wetland interior (inserted into the bottom of the wetland filler 7) through a rigid casing in the water distribution channel 1, and a plurality of water discharge holes are arranged at the lower part of the water distribution pipe 6. Each water discharge hole is two through holes with an aperture of 8mm and staggered at 120°, and the spacing between each row of openings is 200mm.

[0032] Embodiment 4:

[0033] Both drain pipe 1 5 and drain pipe 2 10 use rigid waterproof casing, wherein the water inlet of drain pipe 1 5 is located 100 to 200 mm above the filler layer, the water outlet is located in the drainage channel and bends upward 500 to 1400 mm, and drain pipe 2 10 is flush with the water surface of the upper water collection layer 2, and valves are provided in drain pipe 1 5 and drain pipe 2 10, through which the conduction and closing of drain pipe 1 5 and drain pipe 2 10 are controlled.

[0034] The valve in the present application can be an electrically controlled valve, which is controlled by an electric control device 11 disposed at the top of the drain channel 4, wherein the electric control device 11 includes a control circuit board (control unit), a solar cell unit (providing power), a camera facing the water purification system (monitoring the situation in the water purification system, such as the survival status of submerged plants 3, whether there are large debris floating on the water surface), a wireless communication unit (establishing a communication connection with a remote terminal), and the electric control device 11 is also electrically connected to a water quality sensor disposed at the outlet of the drain pipe 1 5 and the drain pipe 2 10, and the purification situation of the drainage water is detected by the water quality sensor (when the purification effect is poor, there may be certain problems with the water purification system and maintenance is required). That is, the electric control device 11 in the present application can control the conduction and closing of the drain pipe 1 5 and the drain pipe 2 10, and can also monitor the water purification system to a certain extent, and perform certain maintenance based on the monitoring.

[0035] When used specifically:

[0036] Operation plan (spring, summer and autumn): Close the valve 5 of drain pipe one and open the valve 10 of drain pipe two. The incoming water flows from the water distribution channel 1 through the water distribution pipe 6 evenly into the wetland filler 7. The pollutants in the water body are removed by the biochemical action of the microorganisms (cryogenic bacteria) attached to the wetland filler 7. Then the water body evenly enters the upper water collection layer 2. The pollutants in the water are further reduced through the growth and absorption of submerged plants 3 and the microorganisms (cryogenic bacteria) attached to their surface. At the same time, the photosynthesis of submerged plants 3 also increases the content of dissolved oxygen in the water, thereby improving the purification capacity of the water. Finally, the qualified effluent enters the drain channel 4 through drain pipe two 10 and is discharged from the wetland.

[0037] Operation plan (winter): close the valve of drainage pipe 2 10, open the valve of drainage pipe 1 5, and the incoming water will flow into the wetland filler 7 evenly through the water distribution channel 1 and the water distribution pipe 6. The pollutants in the water body will be removed through the biochemical action of the microorganisms attached to the wetland filler 7. At this time, due to the heat preservation effect of the upper water collection layer, the temperature inside the wetland filler 7 can be maintained at about 10℃, and the temperature of the water layer where the submerged plants are located is 4-8℃ (the depth of the upper water collection layer is more than 1m, and it is difficult for the cold air in winter to penetrate. The water discharge method in winter is changed from upper water discharge to middle water discharge, and the water surface The surface freezes to form a temperature isolation layer to prevent the cold air from invading downwards, while reducing the convection of the upper water collection layer to avoid temperature loss). Then the water evenly enters the upper water collection layer. Since a certain proportion of the submerged plants planted are off-season plants (Potamogeton crispus) in winter, the pollutants in the water are further reduced through the growth and absorption of submerged plants 3 and the microorganisms attached to the surface. At the same time, the photosynthesis of submerged plants 3 also increases the content of dissolved oxygen in the water, thereby improving the purification capacity of the water. Finally, the qualified effluent enters the drainage channel 4 through the drainage pipe 5 and is discharged from the wetland.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold-resistant subsurface artificial wetland, comprising a water distribution channel (1) at a water inlet end and a drainage channel (4) at a drainage end, wherein a water purification system is provided between the water distribution channel (1) and the drainage channel (4), characterized in that: The water purification system is provided with an impermeable membrane (9), an impermeable protective layer (8), a wetland filler (7), and an upper water collection layer (2) in order from bottom to top. Submerged plants (3) are planted in the upper water collection layer (2). The water surface of the upper water collection layer (2) is higher than the submerged plants (3). The bottom end of the water distribution channel (1) is connected to the bottom end of the wetland filler (7) through a water distribution pipe (6). The middle and upper parts of the drainage channel (4) near one end of the upper water collection layer (2) are provided with a drainage pipe 1 (5) and a drainage pipe 2 (10), respectively.

2. A cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of the water distribution channel (1) and the drainage channel (4) are both closed structures, and the tops of the water distribution channel (1) and the drainage channel (4) are both provided with inspection ports.

3. The cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-seepage protective layer (8) is a fine sand protective layer, and the four sides of the anti-seepage membrane (9) extend out of the water surface of the upper water collection layer (2) along the four side walls of the water purification system.

4. The cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wetland filler (7) is volcanic rock or gravel, the porosity of the wetland filler (7) is not less than 30%, the thickness is 400 mm to 1000 mm, and low-temperature-resistant bacteria are attached to the wetland filler (7).

5. The cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The submerged plants (3) include one or more of fish algae, black algae, yellow flower bladderwort, waterweed and water shield grass, the proportion of winter off-season growing plants in the submerged plants (3) is 30% to 70%, and low-temperature resistant bacteria are attached to the submerged plants (3).

6. The cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the water distribution pipe (6) passes through the side wall of the water distribution channel (1), and the other end extends to the right end of the wetland filler (7). A plurality of water discharge holes are provided on the lower side of the water distribution pipe (6).

7. The cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the upper water collection layer (2) is connected to the drainage channel (4) through the drainage pipe 2 (10), and the bottom of the upper water collection layer (2) is connected to the drainage channel (4) through the drainage pipe 1 (5), and valves are provided in the drainage pipe 1 (5) and the drainage pipe 2 (10).

8. The cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drainage pipe 1 (5) is of an L-shaped structure, one end of the drainage pipe 1 (5) passes through the side wall of the drainage channel (4), and the other end is located in the drainage channel (4) and is arranged vertically upwards, and the valve is a manually controlled valve or an electrically controlled valve.

9. The cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electric control valve is electrically connected to an electric control device (11) arranged on the top of the drainage channel (4), and the electric control device (11) comprises a control circuit board, and the control circuit board is electrically connected to a solar cell unit, a camera facing the water purification system, and a wireless communication unit.

10. The cold-resistant subsurface flow artificial wetland according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electric control device (11) is also electrically connected to a water quality sensor provided at the water outlet ends of the drainage pipe 1 (5) and the drainage pipe 2 (10).

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