Pressure relief ventilation structure and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a pressure relief ventilation structure and energy storage equipment. The pressure relief ventilation mechanism is applied to the energy storage equipment. The pressure relief ventilation structure comprises an equipment shell, a battery pack shell and a fan. The equipment shell is provided with a ventilation opening. The vent is configured to communicate with an external environment of the device housing. And the battery pack shell is arranged in the equipment shell. The battery pack housing is configured to accommodate a battery cell of an energy storage device. And the battery pack shell is provided with a pressure release valve. An exhaust channel is formed between the pressure release valve and the ventilation opening. The exhaust channel allows gas exhausted by the pressure release valve to be exhausted out of the equipment shell through the ventilation opening. The fan is located within the device housing and on a discharge path of the gas from the device housing. The fan is configured to bring gas within the exhaust passage out of the device housing from the vent. According to the pressure relief ventilation structure and the energy storage equipment provided by the invention, gas can be conveniently and quickly discharged out of the equipment shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile energy storage technology, and in particular to a pressure relief ventilation structure and an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] The energy storage device is equipped with a battery pack. The battery cells of the battery pack may have a valve spray phenomenon due to their own design defects, assembly factors or external factors, thereby generating flammable gas. If the above gas cannot be released to the outside of the energy storage device in time, it is easy to explode due to the gas pressure and temperature reaching the critical value, thereby causing thermal runaway of the battery cell. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a pressure relief ventilation structure and an energy storage device, which can facilitate the rapid discharge of gas out of the device casing.

[0004] One embodiment of the present application provides a pressure relief ventilation mechanism, which is applied to an energy storage device. The pressure relief ventilation structure includes a device housing, a battery pack housing and a fan. The device housing is provided with a vent. The vent is configured to communicate with the external environment of the device housing. The battery pack housing is disposed in the device housing. The battery pack housing is configured to accommodate the battery cells of the energy storage device. The battery pack housing is provided with a pressure relief valve. An exhaust channel is formed between the pressure relief valve and the vent. The exhaust channel allows the gas discharged from the pressure relief valve to be discharged from the device housing through the vent. The fan is located in the device housing and on the exhaust path of the gas from the device housing. The fan is configured to bring the gas in the exhaust channel out of the device housing from the vent.

[0005] In the above embodiment, when a spray valve appears in the battery cell, the pressure relief valve opens, and the gas generated by the battery cell spray valve is discharged from the battery pack shell to the outside of the battery pack shell to reduce the pressure inside the battery pack shell. After the gas is discharged from the pressure relief valve, it flows to the vent through the exhaust channel and is discharged to the outside of the device housing through the vent, thereby reducing the gas pressure between the device housing and the battery pack shell, which helps to avoid gas accumulation in the energy storage device. A fan is provided on the discharge path of the gas discharge device housing to increase the flow rate of the gas, so that the gas can quickly flow to the vent after being discharged from the battery pack shell, and be discharged to the outside of the device housing through the vent, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of the gas generated by the battery cell spray valve to the outside of the energy storage device.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, a side of the battery pack housing on which a pressure relief valve is provided is opposite to and spaced from a side of the device housing on which a vent is provided to form an exhaust passage.

[0007] In the above embodiment, the pressure relief valve is located on the side of the battery pack shell facing the vent to shorten the distance of the exhaust channel and help reduce the obstruction of the exhaust channel by other structures in the device casing that affect the exhaust, thereby facilitating the rapid flow of gas from the pressure relief valve to the vent and increasing the speed at which the gas is discharged to the outside of the device casing.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the fan is fixed to a side of the battery pack housing close to the vent. The pressure relief valve is located on a side of the battery pack housing close to the fan.

[0009] In the above embodiment, the fan is close to the vent so that the gas in the exhaust channel still has a high flow rate when flowing to the vent, so that it can be quickly discharged to the outside of the device housing through the vent; and it is helpful to resist the air pressure on the side of the vent outside the device housing, so that the gas discharged by the pressure relief valve can smoothly pass through the vent. The pressure relief valve is close to the fan, so that the gas discharged by the pressure relief valve can quickly flow to the vent with the help of the wind force of the fan, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust channel.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the device housing has a heat dissipation channel. The heat dissipation channel is configured to dissipate heat for the heating element of the energy storage device. The vent includes a first sub-vent and a second sub-vent that are relatively arranged. The first sub-vent is located on one side of the heat dissipation channel. The second sub-vent is located on the other side opposite to the heat dissipation channel. The first sub-vent and the second sub-vent are both connected to the heat dissipation channel. An exhaust channel is formed between the pressure relief valve and the first sub-vent. The heat dissipation channel connects the exhaust channel and the first sub-vent. The fan is located in the heat dissipation channel and is configured to exhaust toward the first sub-vent when the pressure relief valve exhausts air.

[0011] In the above embodiment, the first sub-air vent and the second sub-air vent are arranged relative to each other, which is conducive to forming convection in the heat dissipation channel to increase the gas flow rate in the heat dissipation channel. The exhaust channel is connected to the first sub-air vent through the heat dissipation channel, and the air that can convect in the heat dissipation channel helps to drive the gas discharged from the pressure relief valve to the exhaust channel to flow to the first sub-air vent, which is conducive to improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust channel. At the same time, the fan exhausts air toward the first sub-air vent, which can further improve the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust channel to the first sub-air vent.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, a side of the battery pack shell on which the pressure relief valve is provided is opposite to and spaced from a side of the device housing on which the first sub-air vent is provided to form an exhaust passage.

[0013] In the above embodiment, the fan helps the gas discharged from the pressure relief valve to be discharged to the outside of the device casing through the first sub-air vent, and the pressure relief valve is located on the side of the battery pack shell facing the first sub-air vent to shorten the distance from the exhaust channel to the first sub-air vent, and help reduce the exhaust channel from being obstructed by other structures in the device casing and affecting the exhaust, thereby facilitating the rapid flow of gas from the pressure relief valve to the first sub-air vent, thereby increasing the speed at which the gas is discharged to the outside of the device casing.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack housing has a first wall and a second wall adjacent to each other. The device housing has a third wall disposed opposite to the first wall and a fourth wall disposed opposite to the second wall. A heat dissipation channel is formed between the first wall and the third wall. The first sub-air vent is disposed on the fourth wall. The pressure relief valve is disposed on the second wall. The fan is fixed to the first wall.

[0015] In the above embodiment, the heat dissipation channel and the exhaust channel are respectively located on different sides of the battery pack housing to reduce the influence between the exhaust of the pressure relief valve and the heat dissipation of the heating element of the energy storage device, thereby reducing the obstruction to the exhaust of the pressure relief valve, which is conducive to improving the exhaust efficiency of the pressure relief valve. At the same time, the fan is arranged on the first wall to reduce the obstruction caused by the physical structure in the exhaust channel, which is conducive to the rapid exhaust of the exhaust channel.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the pressure relief valve is disposed on a side of the second wall surface close to the heat dissipation channel.

[0017] In the above embodiment, the heat dissipation channel leads to the first sub-air outlet, and the pressure relief valve can be close to the first sub-air outlet to shorten the distance required for the gas to flow to the outside of the device housing, which is conducive to rapid exhaust.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the fan is fixed to a side of the first wall surface close to the first sub-air outlet.

[0019] In the above embodiment, the pressure relief valve is closer to the first sub-air outlet than the second sub-air outlet, and the fan can be close to the pressure relief valve to provide a larger wind pressure to the exhaust passage, which is conducive to rapid exhaust.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the pressure relief ventilation structure further includes a sensor and a controller. The fan and the sensor are electrically connected to the controller respectively. The sensor is configured to transmit an exhaust signal to the controller when the pressure relief valve is detected to be exhausted. The controller is configured to issue a control instruction to control the operation of the fan when receiving the exhaust signal.

[0021] In the above embodiment, under the coordinated control of the sensor and the controller, the operating state of the fan is controlled according to different situations of whether the pressure relief valve is exhausted, so as to increase the speed of gas circulation in the exhaust channel, which is conducive to rapid exhaust.

[0022] An embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a battery cell and a pressure relief ventilation structure as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery cell is arranged in a battery pack housing.

[0023] In the above embodiment, the energy storage device is provided with a pressure relief ventilation structure so that when a battery cell blows a valve, the gas generated by the battery cell blows out of the device casing quickly, thereby reducing the accumulation of gas in the device casing, thereby avoiding the rupture of the device casing due to excessive pressure, as well as corrosion of the device casing and other components, and is also beneficial to avoiding thermal runaway of the battery cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the energy storage device;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of section AA;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the central ventilation grille.

[0029] Main component symbols

[0030] 100-Pressure relief ventilation structure 200-Energy storage equipment

[0031] 10- Equipment housing 11- Ventilation opening 12- Exhaust channel

[0032] 13- heat dissipation channel 14- third wall 15- fourth wall

[0033] 16-ventilation grille 20-battery pack housing 21-pressure relief valve

[0034] 22-first wall 23-second wall 30-fan

[0035] 111-first sub-air outlet 112-second sub-air outlet 201-battery cell DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] The energy storage device is equipped with a battery pack. The battery cells of the battery pack may have a valve spray phenomenon due to their own design defects, assembly factors or external factors, thereby generating flammable gas. If the above gas cannot be released to the outside of the energy storage device in time, it is easy to explode due to the gas pressure and temperature reaching the critical value, thereby causing thermal runaway of the battery cell.

[0041] Embodiments of the present application provide a pressure relief ventilation mechanism and an energy storage device. The pressure relief ventilation structure is applied to the energy storage device. The pressure relief ventilation structure includes a device housing, a battery pack housing and a fan. The device housing is provided with a vent. The vent is configured to communicate with the external environment of the device housing. The battery pack housing is disposed in the device housing. The battery pack housing is configured to accommodate the battery cells of the energy storage device. The battery pack housing is provided with a pressure relief valve. An exhaust channel is formed between the pressure relief valve and the vent. The exhaust channel allows the gas discharged from the pressure relief valve to be discharged from the device housing through the vent. The fan is located in the device housing and on the exhaust path of the gas from the device housing. The fan is configured to bring the gas in the exhaust channel out of the device housing from the vent.

[0042] When a blowout occurs in a battery cell, the pressure relief valve opens, and the gas generated by the blowout valve of the battery cell is discharged from the battery pack shell to the outside of the battery pack shell to reduce the pressure inside the battery pack shell. After the gas is discharged from the pressure relief valve, it flows to the vent through the exhaust channel, and is discharged to the outside of the device shell through the vent, thereby reducing the gas pressure between the device shell and the battery pack shell, which helps to avoid gas accumulation in the energy storage device. A fan is provided on the discharge path of the gas discharge device shell to increase the flow rate of the gas, so that the gas can quickly flow to the vent after being discharged from the battery pack shell, and be discharged to the outside of the device shell through the vent, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of the gas generated by the blowout valve of the battery cell to the outside of the energy storage device.

[0043] Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0044] See also Figure 1 One embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device 200. The energy storage device 200 has the functions of storing and discharging electricity, and is used for home power backup, production unit power backup, outdoor work, outdoor entertainment, etc.

[0045] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 includes a battery cell 201 and a pressure relief ventilation structure 100. The energy storage device 200 is provided with a pressure relief ventilation structure 100 so that when a valve blowout occurs in the battery cell 201, the gas generated by the valve blowout of the battery cell 201 is quickly discharged to the outside of the device housing 10, which is helpful to avoid thermal runaway of the battery cell 201.

[0046] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the pressure relief ventilation structure 100 includes a device housing 10 and a battery pack housing 20. The device housing 10 is provided with a vent 11. The vent 11 is configured to communicate with the external environment of the device housing 10. The battery pack housing 20 is disposed in the device housing 10. The battery pack housing 20 is configured to accommodate a battery cell 201 of an energy storage device 200. The battery pack housing 20 is provided with a pressure relief valve 21. An exhaust channel 12 is formed between the pressure relief valve 21 and the vent 11. The exhaust channel 12 allows the gas discharged from the pressure relief valve 21 to be discharged from the device housing 10 through the vent 11.

[0047] This application Figure 3The dotted arrow in the figure is used to indicate the approximate path of the gas flowing from the pressure relief valve 21 to the vent 11 when the pressure relief valve 21 releases pressure and exhausts air. The approximate path indicates the approximate direction of the gas flow, not the actual range of the gas flow. Specifically, when a spray valve appears in the battery cell 201, the pressure relief valve 21 opens, and the gas generated by the spray valve of the battery cell 201 is discharged from the battery pack shell 20 to the outside of the battery pack shell 20 to reduce the pressure in the battery pack shell 20. After the gas is discharged from the pressure relief valve 21, it flows through the exhaust channel 12 to the vent 11 in the direction indicated by the dotted arrow, and is discharged to the outside of the device housing 10 through the vent 11, thereby reducing the gas pressure between the device housing 10 and the battery pack shell 20, which helps to avoid the accumulation of gas in the energy storage device 200.

[0048] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the pressure relief valve 21 is configured to prevent liquid from entering the battery pack housing 20 when not opened. The battery pack housing 20 is sealed with the device housing 10 to prevent liquid from entering the battery pack housing 20.

[0049] In some embodiments, one or more vents 11 are provided. One or more pressure relief valves 21 are provided.

[0050] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, a side of the battery pack housing 20 on which the pressure relief valve 21 is provided is opposite to and spaced from a side of the device housing 10 on which the vent 11 is provided to form an exhaust passage 12 .

[0051] The pressure relief valve 21 is located on the side of the battery pack shell 20 facing the vent 11 to shorten the distance of the exhaust channel 12 and help reduce the obstruction of the exhaust channel 12 from other structures in the device housing 10 that affects the exhaust, thereby facilitating the rapid flow of gas from the pressure relief valve 21 to the vent 11 and increasing the speed at which the gas is discharged to the outside of the device housing 10.

[0052] It can be understood that in some embodiments, multiple pressure relief valves 21 can be arranged on the same side of the battery pack shell 20; or they can be arranged on different sides of the battery pack shell 20, and the different sides of the battery pack shell 20 with the pressure relief valves 21 face the different sides of the device housing 10 with the vents 11.

[0053] See also Figure 3It can be understood that in some embodiments, when a side of the battery pack shell 20 provided with a pressure relief valve 21 is disposed opposite to a side of the device housing 10 provided with a vent 11, the two sides are disposed approximately in parallel. Approximately parallel can be understood as, ignoring the uneven structure of the surfaces of the two sides, the overall extension state of the two sides can be regarded as parallel. In other embodiments, when a side of the battery pack shell 20 provided with a pressure relief valve 21 is disposed opposite to a side of the device housing 10 provided with a vent 11, the angle range between the two sides can be relaxed to less than ninety degrees.

[0054] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the pressure relief ventilation structure 100 further includes a fan 30. The fan 30 is located in the device housing 10 and is located on the exhaust path of the gas out of the device housing 10. The fan 30 is configured to bring the gas in the exhaust channel 12 out of the device housing 10 from the vent 11.

[0055] It is understandable that the exhaust path may be the exhaust channel 12, or may not be the exhaust channel 12 but the fan 30 may act on the position of the exhaust channel 12. The fan 30 is provided on the exhaust path of the gas exhaust device housing 10 to increase the flow rate of the gas, so that the gas can quickly flow to the vent 11 after being discharged from the battery pack housing 20, and be discharged to the outside of the device housing 10 through the vent 11, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of the gas generated by the spray valve of the battery cell 201 to the outside of the energy storage device 200.

[0056] In some embodiments, one or more fans 30 are provided. When multiple fans 30 and multiple pressure relief valves 21 are provided, and different pressure relief valves 21 are connected to the vent 11 through different exhaust channels 12 , each exhaust channel 12 is correspondingly configured with at least one fan 30 .

[0057] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the fan 30 is fixed to a side of the battery pack housing 20 close to the vent 11 . The pressure relief valve 21 is located on a side of the battery pack housing 20 close to the fan 30 .

[0058] The fan 30 is close to the vent 11, so that the gas in the exhaust passage 12 still has a high flow rate when flowing to the vent 11, so that it can be quickly discharged to the outside of the device housing 10 through the vent 11; and it is helpful to resist the air pressure on the side of the vent 11 outside the device housing 10, so that the gas discharged from the pressure relief valve 21 can smoothly pass through the vent 11. The pressure relief valve 21 is close to the fan 30, so that the gas discharged from the pressure relief valve 21 can quickly flow to the vent 11 with the help of the wind force of the fan 30, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust passage 12.

[0059] See also Figure 3In some embodiments, the device housing 10 has a heat dissipation channel 13. The heat dissipation channel 13 is configured to dissipate heat for the heating element of the energy storage device 200. The vent 11 includes a first sub-vent 111 and a second sub-vent 112 that are relatively arranged. The first sub-vent 111 is located on one side of the heat dissipation channel 13. The second sub-vent 112 is located on the other side opposite to the heat dissipation channel 13. The first sub-vent 111 and the second sub-vent 112 are both connected to the heat dissipation channel 13. An exhaust channel 12 is formed between the pressure relief valve 21 and the first sub-vent 111. The heat dissipation channel 13 connects the exhaust channel 12 with the first sub-vent 111. The fan 30 is located in the heat dissipation channel 13 and is configured to exhaust toward the first sub-vent 111 when the pressure relief valve 21 exhausts air.

[0060] The first sub-air vent 111 and the second sub-air vent 112 are arranged relative to each other, which is conducive to forming convection in the heat dissipation channel 13 to increase the gas flow rate in the heat dissipation channel 13. Since the exhaust channel 12 is connected to the first sub-air vent 111 through the heat dissipation channel 13, the air that can convect in the heat dissipation channel 13 helps to drive the gas discharged from the pressure relief valve 21 to the exhaust channel 12 to flow to the first sub-air vent 111, which is conducive to improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust channel 12. At the same time, the fan 30 exhausts toward the first sub-air vent 111, which can better improve the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust channel 12 discharged to the first sub-air vent 111. In addition, the fan 30 can blow the heat of the heating element and the gas leaked from the explosion-proof valve to the outside of the equipment housing 10 at the same time, so as to improve the space utilization inside the equipment housing 10.

[0061] In other embodiments, the vent 11 may further include a third sub-vent, a fourth sub-vent, or even more sub-vents. Each "sub-vent" is located on a different side of the heat dissipation channel 13 to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation channel 13, and is conducive to increasing the air volume flowing from the heat dissipation channel 13 to the exhaust channel 12 to improve the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust channel 12.

[0062] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, a side of the battery pack housing 20 on which the pressure relief valve 21 is provided is opposite to and spaced from a side of the device housing 10 on which the first sub-air vent 111 is provided, so as to form an exhaust passage 12 .

[0063] The fan 30 helps the gas exhausted from the pressure relief valve 21 to be discharged to the outside of the device housing 10 through the first sub-air vent 111, and the pressure relief valve 21 is located on the side of the battery pack shell 20 facing the first sub-air vent 111, so as to shorten the distance from the exhaust channel 12 to the first sub-air vent 111, and help to reduce the exhaust channel 12 from being obstructed by other structures in the device housing 10 and affecting the exhaust, thereby facilitating the rapid flow of gas from the pressure relief valve 21 to the first sub-air vent 111, thereby increasing the speed at which the gas is discharged to the outside of the device housing 10.

[0064] See also Figure 3In some embodiments, the battery pack housing 20 has a first wall 22 and a second wall 23 adjacent to each other. The device housing 10 has a third wall 14 disposed opposite to the first wall 22 and a fourth wall 15 disposed opposite to the second wall 23. A heat dissipation channel 13 is formed between the first wall 22 and the third wall 14. The first sub-air vent 111 is disposed on the fourth wall 15. The pressure relief valve 21 is disposed on the second wall 23. The fan 30 is fixed to the first wall 22.

[0065] The heat dissipation channel 13 and the exhaust channel 12 are respectively located on different sides of the battery pack housing 20 to reduce the influence between the exhaust of the pressure relief valve 21 and the heat dissipation of the heating element of the energy storage device 200, thereby reducing the obstruction to the exhaust of the pressure relief valve 21, and the path of the exhaust channel 12 is shorter, which is conducive to improving the exhaust efficiency of the pressure relief valve 21. At the same time, the fan 30 is arranged on the first wall 22 to reduce the obstruction caused by the physical structure in the exhaust channel 12, which is conducive to the rapid exhaust of the exhaust channel 12.

[0066] As an illustrative example, the third wall 14 is the inner wall of the top shell of the device housing 10. When the energy storage device 200 is in use, the heat dissipation channel 13 is located on the upper side of the battery pack shell 20, and the vent 11 is also higher than the battery pack shell 20 in the height direction, so that the hot air in the exhaust channel 12 and the heat dissipation channel 13 can be discharged upward.

[0067] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the pressure relief valve 21 is disposed on a side of the second wall 23 close to the heat dissipation channel 13. The heat dissipation channel 13 leads to the first sub-air vent 111, and the pressure relief valve 21 can be close to the first sub-air vent 111 to shorten the distance required for the gas to flow to the outside of the device housing 10, which is conducive to rapid exhaust.

[0068] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the fan 30 is fixed to a side of the first wall 22 close to the first sub-air port 111. The pressure relief valve 21 is closer to the first sub-air port 111 than the second sub-air port 112, and the fan 30 can be close to the pressure relief valve 21 to provide a larger wind pressure to the exhaust channel 12, which is conducive to rapid exhaust.

[0069] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the angle α between the side of the fan 30 away from the first sub-air port 111 and the first wall 22 is an acute angle. The exhaust passage 12 extends from the side of the first wall 22 away from the fan 30 to the side of the first wall 22 facing the fan 30. By limiting the blowing angle of the fan 30, it is convenient to reduce the collision between the blowing airflow of the fan 30 and the exhaust airflow in the exhaust passage 12.

[0070] See also Figures 2 to 4In some embodiments, the device housing 10 includes a ventilation grille 16. The ventilation grille 16 is formed with ventilation openings 11.

[0071] In some embodiments, the pressure relief ventilation structure 100 further includes a sensor (not shown) and a controller (not shown). The fan 30 and the sensor are electrically connected to the controller respectively. The sensor is configured to transmit an exhaust signal to the controller when the pressure relief valve 21 is detected to be exhausted. The controller is configured to issue a control instruction to control the operation of the fan 30 upon receiving the exhaust signal, so that the gas exhausted by the pressure relief valve 21 flows through the exhaust channel 12 and then is exhausted from the vent 11. As an illustrative example, the control instruction includes but is not limited to: a start instruction or an increase wind speed instruction or a reverse instruction, etc.

[0072] Under the coordinated control of the sensor and the controller, the operating state of the fan 30 is controlled according to different situations of whether the pressure relief valve 21 is exhausted, so as to increase the speed of gas circulation in the exhaust channel 12, which is conducive to rapid exhaust.

[0073] In some embodiments, the sensor may be a pressure sensing device, which determines whether the pressure relief valve 21 is exhausting by sensing the pressure change after the pressure relief valve 21 is opened. The sensor may also be a temperature sensing device, which determines whether the pressure relief valve 21 is exhausting by sensing the temperature change after the pressure relief valve 21 is opened (usually the gas temperature generated by the battery cell 201 spray valve is higher). The sensor may also be a displacement sensing device, which determines whether the pressure relief valve 21 is exhausting by sensing the change in the surface shape of the pressure relief valve 21 after it is opened compared to other parts of the device housing 10 or the battery pack housing 20.

[0074] The pressure relief ventilation structure 100 of the present application limits the relative positions among the pressure relief valve 21, the vent 11 and the fan 30, etc., so as to increase the speed of gas flowing from the pressure relief valve 21 to the vent 11, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency and reducing the accumulation of gas in the device housing 10, thereby avoiding the rupture of the device housing 10 due to excessive pressure, as well as corrosion of the device housing 10 and other components, and is also beneficial to avoiding the occurrence of thermal runaway of the battery cell 201.

[0075] In addition, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. As long as they are within the spirit of the present application, appropriate changes and modifications to the above embodiments are within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pressure relief ventilation structure, applied to energy storage equipment, characterized in that: The pressure relief ventilation structure comprises: a device housing having a vent, the vent being configured to communicate with an environment external to the device housing; A battery pack housing is disposed in the device housing, the battery pack housing is configured to accommodate the battery cells of the energy storage device, the battery pack housing is provided with a pressure relief valve, an exhaust channel is formed between the pressure relief valve and the vent, and the exhaust channel is used for the gas exhausted by the pressure relief valve to be exhausted from the device housing through the vent; A fan is located in the device housing and on an exhaust path of the gas from the device housing. The fan is configured to bring the gas in the exhaust channel out of the device housing through the vent.

2. The pressure relief ventilation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the battery pack shell on which the pressure relief valve is provided is opposite to and spaced from the side of the device housing on which the vent is provided, so as to form the exhaust passage.

3. The pressure relief ventilation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fan is fixed to a side of the battery pack housing close to the vent, and the pressure relief valve is located on a side of the battery pack housing close to the fan.

4. The pressure relief ventilation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device housing has a heat dissipation channel, and the heat dissipation channel is configured to dissipate heat for the heating element of the energy storage device. The vent includes a first sub-vent and a second sub-vent that are relatively arranged, the first sub-vent is located on one side of the heat dissipation channel, and the second sub-vent is located on the other side opposite to the heat dissipation channel. The first sub-vent and the second sub-vent are both connected to the heat dissipation channel. The exhaust channel is formed between the pressure relief valve and the first sub-vent, and the heat dissipation channel connects the exhaust channel and the first sub-vent. The fan is located in the heat dissipation channel and is configured to exhaust toward the first sub-vent when the pressure relief valve exhausts air.

5. The pressure relief ventilation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side of the battery pack shell on which the pressure relief valve is provided is opposite to and spaced from the side of the device housing on which the first sub-air outlet is provided, so as to form the exhaust channel.

6. The pressure relief ventilation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery pack shell has a first wall and a second wall adjacent to each other, the device housing has a third wall arranged opposite to the first wall and a fourth wall arranged opposite to the second wall, the heat dissipation channel is formed between the first wall and the third wall, the first sub-air vent is arranged on the fourth wall, the pressure relief valve is arranged on the second wall, and the fan is fixed to the first wall.

7. The pressure relief ventilation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure relief valve is arranged on a side of the second wall surface close to the heat dissipation channel.

8. The pressure relief ventilation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fan is fixed to a side of the first wall surface close to the first sub-air outlet.

9. The pressure relief ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The pressure relief ventilation structure also includes a sensor and a controller. The fan and the sensor are electrically connected to the controller respectively. The sensor is configured to transmit an exhaust signal to the controller when it detects that the pressure relief valve is exhausting air. The controller is configured to issue a control instruction to control the operation of the fan when receiving the exhaust signal.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that: It comprises a battery cell and a pressure relief ventilation structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery cell is arranged in the battery pack shell.

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