Air suction device for selective laser melting

Abstract

The utility model provides an air suction device for selective laser melting, and relates to the field of selective laser melting. The air suction device for selective laser melting comprises a fixed shell, a laser mechanism is arranged in the fixed shell, the laser mechanism comprises a hot melting bin and a protective glass which are fixedly connected with the fixed shell, an air suction mechanism is arranged in the middle of the fixed shell, and the air suction mechanism comprises an air inlet box, a fan box and an air outlet ring. The surface of the air outlet ring is fixedly connected with an air suction ring, and a second air inlet pipe is inserted into the middle of the air suction ring. According to the air suction device for selective laser melting, dust and smoke dust near the hot melting bin are sucked through the air suction box, pure air is blown to the surface of a protective mirror through the air blowing ring, dust is prevented from being attached to the surface of the protective mirror, the use cleanliness of the protective mirror is improved, air around the protective mirror is sucked through the air suction ring, and the service life of the protective mirror is prolonged. Smoke dust and impurities around the protective glass are sucked away, obstruction of smoke to laser is reduced, and the laser hot melting precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a selective laser melting device, in particular to an air suction device for selective laser melting, belonging to the technical field of selective laser melting. Background Art

[0002] Selective laser melting is a major technical approach in additive manufacturing of metal materials. This technology uses laser as the energy source and scans the metal powder bed layer by layer according to the path planned in the 3D CAD slice model. The scanned metal powder is melted and solidified to achieve the metallurgical bonding effect, and finally the metal parts designed by the model are obtained.

[0003] The utility model with patent number CN217990943U discloses a novel dual-beam laser selective melting molding equipment, which relates to the field of additive manufacturing. The molding equipment includes a molding working chamber, a gas path system, a molding motion mechanism, a substrate, a sub-laser system, a main laser system and a control host. The continuous laser in the main laser system and the pulse laser in the sub-laser system respectively emit light beams with controllable power and focal spot diameter. The dual beams have the same laser scanning path, wherein the time when the pulse laser emits the light beam lags behind the time when the continuous laser emits the light beam, so that the pulsed light beam in the molding process can remelt the melted area with pulse energy, reducing the molding quality problems caused by insufficient remelting between layers and melt channels.

[0004] When the selective laser melting equipment is sintering to form, a lot of smoke and fog will be generated. Although the device in the above patent improves the forming efficiency, it does not effectively remove the smoke. The smoke is easy to float and adhere to the surface of the protective mirror of the optical path system, causing the light spot to become larger, affecting the printing accuracy of the parts, and even making the parts scrapped. For this reason, we provide a suction device for selective laser melting to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an air suction device for selective laser melting in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, so as to solve the problem in the comparative documents that smoke and dust are easily attached to the surface of the protective mirror.

[0006] The utility model is realized through the following technical scheme: an air suction device for selective laser melting.

[0007] It includes a fixed shell, a laser mechanism is arranged inside the fixed shell, the laser mechanism includes a hot melt chamber and a protective mirror fixedly connected to the fixed shell, a suction mechanism is arranged in the middle of the fixed shell, the suction mechanism includes an air inlet box, a fan box and an air outlet ring, an air suction ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the air outlet ring, a second air inlet pipe is plugged into the middle of the air suction ring, and the other end of the second air inlet pipe is plugged into the input end of the fan box.

[0008] Preferably, a protective door is hinged on the surface of the fixed shell, a fixed buckle is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell, and the output end of the fixed buckle is engaged with the protective door. The fixed shell is sealed through the protective door to prevent smoke inside the fixed shell from diffusing out during parts processing.

[0009] Preferably, the hot melt bin is slidably connected to a sliding lifting plate inside, the hot melt bin is fixedly connected to an elevator inside, and the output end of the elevator is fixedly connected to the sliding lifting plate, and the surface of the hot melt bin is slidably connected to a powder supply machine, which is driven by the elevator to move the sliding lifting plate up and down, making it convenient for the powder supply machine to spread powder layer by layer.

[0010] Preferably, a fixed shell is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell, a fiber laser is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed shell, a laser galvanometer is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed shell, and the laser galvanometer is located directly above the protective mirror. A laser beam is emitted by the fiber laser, passes through the laser galvanometer, and reflects the beam to the position to be hot-melted, thereby hot-melting the metal powder.

[0011] Preferably, the fan box is fixed on the surface of the fixed shell, an electric fan is fixedly connected to the inside of the fan box, a filter plate is provided at the input end of the electric fan, and the filter plate is fixedly connected to the fan box, and the electric fan is used to make one end of the fan box suck air and the other end blow out air.

[0012] Preferably, the air outlet ring is located directly below the protective mirror and is fixedly connected to the fixed outer shell. A second air outlet pipe is clamped in the middle of the air outlet ring, and the second air outlet pipe is plugged into the air outlet end of the fan box. The air inside the fan box is transported to the inside of the air blowing ring through the second blowing pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the air inlet box is fixedly connected to the fixed shell, a first air inlet pipe is plugged into the middle of the air inlet box, and the other end of the first air inlet pipe is plugged into the input end of the fan box, a first air outlet pipe is plugged into the output end of the fan box, the other end of the first air outlet pipe is plugged into the air outlet box, and the air outlet box is fixedly connected to the fixed shell, and the air inside the fan box is transported to the top of the hot melt bin through the first blowing pipe and the blowing box, so that the air above the hot melt bin is blown.

[0014] The utility model provides an air suction device for selective laser melting, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The suction device for selective laser melting shields the laser galvanometer through a protective mirror to reduce damage to the laser galvanometer caused by floating smoke and dust, and makes the laser hot-melt metal powder processed parts through the hot melt chamber. The air inside the fixed shell circulates through the fan box, and absorbs the dust and smoke near the hot melt chamber through the suction box. The pure air is blown on the surface of the protective mirror through the blowing ring to avoid dust adhering to the surface of the protective mirror and improve the cleanliness of the protective mirror. The air around the protective mirror is sucked through the suction ring to absorb the smoke and impurities around the protective mirror, thereby reducing the obstruction of smoke to the laser and improving the accuracy of laser hot melting.

[0016] The suction device for selective laser melting seals the fixed shell through a protective door to prevent the smoke inside the fixed shell from diffusing during the parts processing, reduce the interference of metal powder hot melting on the outside, and improve the stability of hot melting processing. The protective door is fixed by a fixed buckle to keep the protective door closed during hot melting processing. The lifting machine drives the sliding lifting plate to move up and down, which is convenient for the powder feeder to spread the powder layer by layer. The metal powder melts, solidifies and accumulates from point to surface, and then from surface to body, and hot melts to form parts. The fiber laser and laser galvanometer are fixedly installed through the fixed shell. The laser beam is emitted by the fiber laser, and the laser galvanometer reflects the beam to the position to be hot melted through the laser galvanometer, hot melts the metal powder, and processes it into metal parts.

[0017] The air suction device for selective laser melting uses an electric fan to make one end of the fan box suck air and the other end blow air out. The air blown out of the fan box is filtered through a filter plate to make the air blown out of the fan box purer. The position of the blowing ring is limited to facilitate the air blown out by the blowing ring to clean the surface of the protective mirror, so that the surface of the protective mirror is always kept clean. The air inside the fan box is transported to the inside of the blowing ring through the second blowing pipe, and the air sucked by the suction box is transported to the inside of the fan box through the first suction pipe. The air inside the fan box is transported to the top of the hot melt bin through the first blowing pipe and the blowing box. The air above the hot melt bin is blown to avoid smoke gathering during hot melt processing, thereby improving the accuracy of laser hot melt processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the fixed housing of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fan box connection structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the blowing ring connection structure of the utility model.

[0022]

Main component symbol description

[0023] 1. Fix the shell; 2. Protective door; 3. Fix the buckle;

[0024] 4. Laser mechanism; 401. Hot melt chamber; 402. Sliding lifting plate; 403. Lifting machine; 404. Powder feeding machine; 405. Fixed shell; 406. Fiber laser; 407. Laser galvanometer; 408. Protective mirror;

[0025] 5. Air suction mechanism; 501. Air suction box; 502. Air blowing box; 503. First air suction pipe; 504. First air blowing pipe; 505. Fan box; 506. Electric fan; 507. Filter plate; 508. Air blowing ring; 509. Second air blowing pipe; 510. Air suction ring; 511. Second air suction pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiment of the utility model provides an air suction device for selective laser melting.

[0027] See also Figure 1 , including a fixed shell 1, a protective door 2 is hinged on the surface of the fixed shell 1, a fixed buckle 3 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell 1, and the output end of the fixed buckle 3 is clamped with the protective door 2. The fixed shell 1 is sealed by the protective door 2 to prevent the smoke inside the fixed shell 1 from diffusing out during the parts processing, reduce the interference of metal powder hot melting to the outside world, and improve the stability of hot melting processing. The protective door 2 is fixed by the fixed buckle 3 to keep the protective door 2 closed during hot melting processing.

[0028] See also Figure 2 A laser mechanism 4 is arranged inside the fixed shell 1. The laser mechanism 4 includes a hot melt chamber 401 and a protective mirror 408 fixedly connected to the fixed shell 1. The laser galvanometer 407 is shielded by the protective mirror 408 to reduce the damage of the laser galvanometer 407 caused by floating smoke and dust. The hot melt chamber 401 is used to make the laser hot melt metal powder to process parts.

[0029] The hot melt bin 401 is internally slidably connected to a sliding lifting plate 402, the hot melt bin 401 is internally fixedly connected to a lift 403, and the output end of the lift 403 is fixedly connected to the sliding lifting plate 402, and the surface of the hot melt bin 401 is slidably connected to a powder feeder 404, which is driven by the lift 403 to move up and down, making it convenient for the powder feeder 404 to spread powder layer by layer, and the metal powder is melted, solidified and accumulated from point to surface, and then from surface to body, and parts are formed by hot melting.

[0030] A fixed shell 405 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell 1, a fiber laser 406 is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed shell 405, a laser galvanometer 407 is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed shell 405, and the laser galvanometer 407 is located directly above the protective mirror 408. The fiber laser 406 and the laser galvanometer 407 are fixedly installed through the fixed shell 405, and a laser beam is emitted by the fiber laser 406, which passes through the laser galvanometer 407 and reflects the beam to the position to be hot-melted, thereby hot-melting the metal powder and processing it into metal parts.

[0031] The elevator 403, the fiber laser 406 and the laser galvanometer 407 are prior arts, and the detailed parameters and models thereof will not be described in detail in this application.

[0032] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 A suction mechanism 5 is provided in the middle of the fixed housing 1. The suction mechanism 5 includes a suction box 501, a fan box 505 and a blowing ring 508. A suction ring 510 is fixedly connected to the surface of the blowing ring 508. A second suction pipe 511 is plugged into the middle of the suction ring 510, and the other end of the second suction pipe 511 is plugged into the input end of the fan box 505. The air inside the fixed housing 1 circulates through the fan box 505, and the dust and smoke near the hot melt bin 401 are sucked through the suction box 501. Through the blowing ring 508, pure air is blown on the surface of the protective mirror 408 to prevent dust from adhering to the surface of the protective mirror 408, thereby improving the cleanliness of the protective mirror 408. Through the suction ring 510, the air around the protective mirror 408 is sucked away, and the smoke and impurities around the protective mirror 408 are sucked away, thereby reducing the obstruction of smoke to the laser and improving the accuracy of laser hot melting. By plugging the two ends of the second suction pipe 511, when the second suction pipe 511 is damaged, it is convenient to replace the new second suction pipe 511.

[0033] The fan box 505 is fixed on the surface of the fixed shell 1, and the interior of the fan box 505 is fixedly connected to an electric fan 506. The input end of the electric fan 506 is provided with a filter plate 507, and the filter plate 507 is fixedly connected to the fan box 505. Through the electric fan 506, one end of the fan box 505 absorbs air and the other end blows out air. The air blown out of the fan box 505 is filtered through the filter plate 507, so that the air blown out of the fan box 505 is purer.

[0034] The electric fan 506 is a prior art, and the present application will not elaborate on its detailed parameters and models.

[0035] The blowing ring 508 is located directly below the protective mirror 408, and the blowing ring 508 is fixedly connected to the fixed shell 1. A second blowing pipe 509 is clamped in the middle of the blowing ring 508, and the second blowing pipe 509 is plugged into the blowing end of the fan box 505. By limiting the position of the blowing ring 508, the air blown out by the blowing ring 508 is convenient for cleaning the surface of the protective mirror 408, so that the surface of the protective mirror 408 is always kept clean. The air inside the fan box 505 is transported to the inside of the blowing ring 508 through the second blowing pipe 509. By plugging in the two ends of the second blowing pipe 509, when the second blowing pipe 509 is damaged, it is convenient to replace the new second blowing pipe 509.

[0036] The suction box 501 is fixedly connected to the fixed shell 1, a first suction pipe 503 is plugged into the middle of the suction box 501, and the other end of the first suction pipe 503 is plugged into the input end of the fan box 505, the output end of the fan box 505 is plugged into the first blowing pipe 504, the other end of the first blowing pipe 504 is plugged into the blowing box 502, and the blowing box 502 is fixedly connected to the fixed shell 1, and the air sucked by the suction box 501 is transported to the inside of the fan box 505 through the first suction pipe 503, and the air sucked by the suction box 501 is transported to the inside of the fan box 505 through the first blowing pipe 504. The air pipe 504 and the blow box 502 transport the air inside the fan box 505 to the top of the hot melt chamber 401, and blow the air above the hot melt chamber 401 to avoid smoke gathering during hot melt processing and improve the accuracy of laser hot melt processing. By plugging the two ends of the first air intake pipe 503, it is convenient to replace the new first air intake pipe 503 when the first air intake pipe 503 is damaged. By plugging the two ends of the first air blowing pipe 504, it is convenient to replace the new first air blowing pipe 504 when the first air blowing pipe 504 is damaged.

[0037] When the utility model is in use, a laser beam is emitted through a fiber laser 406, and the beam is reflected to the position to be melted through a laser galvanometer 407, so as to melt metal powder. The metal powder is melted, solidified and accumulated, from point to surface, and then from surface to body, and parts are formed by hot melting. When the metal powder is hot melted, smoke is generated. The electric blower 506 is started, and the air inside the blower box 505 is transported to the top of the hot melt bin 401 through the first blowing pipe 504 and the blowing box 502, so as to heat the top of the hot melt bin 401. The air is blown, and the air above the hot melt chamber 401 is sucked through the suction box 501 and the second blowing pipe 509. At the same time, pure air is blown on the surface of the protective mirror 408 through the second blowing pipe 509 and the blowing ring 508 to prevent dust from adhering to the surface of the protective mirror 408. The air around the protective mirror 408 is sucked through the suction ring 510 and the second suction pipe 511, and the smoke and impurities around the protective mirror 408 are sucked away, thereby reducing the obstruction of smoke to the laser and improving the accuracy of laser hot melting.

[0038] The above shows and describes the basic principle and main features of the utility model and the advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection claimed by the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An air suction device for selective laser melting, comprising a fixed housing (1), characterized in that: A laser mechanism (4) is arranged inside the fixed shell (1), and the laser mechanism (4) comprises a hot melt chamber (401) and a protective mirror (408) fixedly connected to the fixed shell (1). An air suction mechanism (5) is arranged in the middle of the fixed shell (1), and the air suction mechanism (5) comprises an air suction box (501), a fan box (505) and an air blowing ring (508). An air suction ring (510) is fixedly connected to the surface of the air blowing ring (508), and a second air suction pipe (511) is plugged into the middle of the air suction ring (510), and the other end of the second air suction pipe (511) is plugged into an input end of the fan box (505).

2. The air suction device for selective laser melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective door (2) is hingedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell (1), a fixed buckle (3) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell (1), and an output end of the fixed buckle (3) is clamped to the protective door (2).

3. The air suction device for selective laser melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot melt bin (401) is slidably connected to a sliding lifting plate (402) inside, the hot melt bin (401) is fixedly connected to a lift (403) inside, and the output end of the lift (403) is fixedly connected to the sliding lifting plate (402), and the surface of the hot melt bin (401) is slidably connected to a powder feeder (404).

4. The air suction device for selective laser melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed shell (405) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed outer shell (1), a fiber laser (406) is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed shell (405), a laser galvanometer (407) is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed shell (405), and the laser galvanometer (407) is located directly above the protective mirror (408).

5. The air suction device for selective laser melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan box (505) is fixed on the surface of the fixed housing (1), an electric fan (506) is fixedly connected inside the fan box (505), a filter plate (507) is provided at the input end of the electric fan (506), and the filter plate (507) is fixedly connected to the fan box (505).

6. The air suction device for selective laser melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air blowing ring (508) is located directly below the protective mirror (408), and the air blowing ring (508) is fixedly connected to the fixed housing (1). A second air blowing pipe (509) is clamped in the middle of the air blowing ring (508), and the second air blowing pipe (509) is plugged into the air blowing end of the fan box (505).

7. The air suction device for selective laser melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake box (501) is fixedly connected to the fixed housing (1); a first air intake pipe (503) is plugged into the middle of the air intake box (501); the other end of the first air intake pipe (503) is plugged into the input end of the fan box (505); a first air blowing pipe (504) is plugged into the output end of the fan box (505); the other end of the first air blowing pipe (504) is plugged into the air blowing box (502); and the air blowing box (502) is fixedly connected to the fixed housing (1).

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