Electric pump type rotary detonation engine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of rocket rotary detonation engines, in particular to an electric pump type rotary detonation engine which comprises a shell, an oxidizing agent storage chamber, a fuel storage chamber, an electric pump and a power source, the oxidizing agent storage chamber and the fuel storage chamber are fixedly installed, an annular combustion chamber is arranged in the shell, and the power source is used for providing electric energy for the electric pump. The electric pump is used for pumping oxidant in the oxidant storage chamber into the combustion chamber, and the electric pump is also used for pumping fuel in the fuel storage chamber into the combustion chamber. The electric pump comprises a first pump body and a second pump body, the first pump body is used for pumping fuel, and the second pump body is used for pumping an oxidizing agent. According to the scheme, the problem that in the prior art, a rotary detonation engine adopts a turbine pump type structure to pressurize raw materials, and the cost is high is solved, meanwhile, an oxidizing agent and fuel are pumped through the electric pump at the same time, stability of fuel injection is guaranteed, and the structure of the engine is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rocket rotating detonation engines, in particular to an electric pump type rotating detonation engine. Background Art

[0002] The aerospace industry is of great significance in international competition. Traditional rocket engine technology is relatively mature. Compared with traditional rocket engines, rotating detonation engines have many advantages and are an important development direction for new rocket engines in the future. At present, this technology is still in the development stage, and there is still a lot of room for research on specific technical details.

[0003] The lightweight design of the rotating detonation rocket engine (RDRE) can provide higher fuel efficiency and specific impulse, and it can produce continuous detonation combustion with only one ignition. It has a high thrust-to-weight ratio and low interstage structure mass, and has very broad prospects and great value in practical applications.

[0004] Current rotating detonation engines include a full rotating detonation mode rocket-ramjet combination engine and operating method with patent publication number CN114810417A. The patent does not mention what kind of power is used to deliver the oxidizer and fuel to the combustion chamber and the inner nozzle, but those skilled in the art know that the most common method is to use an exhaust gas turbine for supercharging or to supercharge from external air intake. For example, patent announcement number CN113530714B is a hydrogen peroxide-based pump-pressure engine starting and ignition method and system. In this patent, a method of using a turbine to drive a fuel pump and an oxidizer pump is disclosed to deliver the fuel and oxidizer to the thrust chamber for combustion. At the same time, a portion of the fuel and oxidizer also need to be delivered to the gas generating chamber so that the generated gas drives the turbine to continue working.

[0005] However, the turbine operates at high temperatures for a long time, which places high demands on sealing, lubrication, etc., and also requires the use of a gas generator, which makes the cost of the engine high. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide an electric pump type rotary detonation engine to solve the problem of high cost of using a turbine pump structure to pressurize raw materials in the rotary detonation engine of the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An electric pump type rotary detonation engine comprises a shell, a fixedly mounted oxidant storage chamber and a fuel storage chamber, an annular combustion chamber is arranged in the shell, and also comprises an electric pump and a power supply, the power supply is used to provide electric energy to the electric pump, the electric pump is used to pump the oxidant in the oxidant storage chamber into the combustion chamber, and the electric pump is also used to pump the fuel in the fuel storage chamber into the combustion chamber.

[0009] The principles and advantages of this scheme are: When adopting this scheme, the fuel and oxidant are pumped directly into the combustion chamber by an electric pump. After the combustion chamber is ignited, the combustion chamber is provided with continuous raw material replenishment, thereby providing power for the rocket under the rotating detonation of the combustion chamber. Compared with the traditional turbopump-type engine, the gas generator is eliminated, and the production cost is reduced. Moreover, because the electric pump pumps raw materials (the raw materials in this article include oxidant and fuel), there is no situation where the electric pump works at high temperature, thereby avoiding the high requirements of existing turbopump engines on sealing and lubrication, thereby further reducing the cost of the engine.

[0010] In addition, the present solution does not require the use of a turbine pump structure, and therefore, there is no use of fuel and oxidant due to the use of a turbine, which relatively saves the use of fuel and oxidant.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the electric pump comprises a pump body 1 and a pump body 2, wherein the pump body 1 is used to pump fuel, and the pump body 2 is used to pump oxidant. The electric pump of this solution pumps oxidant and fuel simultaneously, ensuring stable fuel injection and simplifying the engine structure.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, a valve 1 is provided between the pump body 1 and the fuel storage chamber, and / or a valve 2 is provided between the pump body 2 and the oxidant storage chamber. This solution facilitates the adjustment of the pumped raw materials (the raw materials herein include oxidants and fuels) by setting the valve 1 and the valve 2.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, a valve three is provided between the pump body one and the fuel chamber, and / or a valve four is provided between the pump body two and the combustion chamber, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the pumped raw materials.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, there are multiple electric pumps, each of which is used to deliver fuel / oxidant to a set area of ​​the combustion chamber.

[0015] Beneficial effect: By controlling the valve and / or the corresponding electric pump, the amount of fuel entering the raw material circulation chamber can be adjusted, thereby achieving control of different areas of the rotating detonation process and achieving the purpose of adjusting the internal working conditions of the combustion chamber.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, an annular raw material circulation chamber is provided in the shell, the raw material circulation chamber surrounds the annular combustion chamber, the annular combustion chamber surrounds the fuel storage chamber or the oxidant storage chamber, the raw material circulation chamber is used to pass fuel or oxidant, and an injector for injecting raw materials into the annular combustion chamber is provided on the raw material circulation chamber. On the one hand, this solution allows the combustion chamber to be wrapped with raw materials both inside and outside, making it convenient to cool the inner and outer walls of the combustion chamber. On the other hand, this arrangement also enables preheating of the raw materials in the raw material circulation chamber.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the power source is close to the raw material storage chamber or the oxidant storage chamber, one end of the combustion chamber is sealed and the other end is open; the power source is far away from the open end of the combustion chamber. This solution uses the lower temperature of the raw material to cool the power source that generates heat during operation, while reducing the impact of the combustion chamber on the power source.

[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, the feed channel between the electric pump and the oxidant storage chamber and / or the fuel storage chamber flows through the surface of the power source to facilitate further use of the lower temperature of the raw material to cool the power source.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the raw material circulation chamber is provided with a feed port near the open end of the combustion chamber, the injector is located on the side of the combustion chamber away from the open end, the feed port is connected to the electric pump, and the feed port is used to input fuel. This solution is such that the fuel continuously fed into the combustion chamber after detonation needs to first pass through the raw material circulation chamber, and the raw material circulation chamber surrounds the combustion chamber, so the heat generated by the combustion chamber forms a preheating of the fuel in the raw material circulation chamber, and the preheated fuel is more conducive to achieving continuous rotation detonation combustion.

[0020] Preferably, as an improvement, a plug-type nozzle is provided on the shell, and the plug-type nozzle is located at the outlet end of the combustion chamber. This solution enables the detonation gas to be discharged from the plug-type nozzle at high speed to generate thrust.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the plug-type nozzle is provided with an annular throat protruding toward the combustion chamber outlet end. This solution enables the engine to adapt to the ambient pressure through the provision of the annular throat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0024] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: shell 1, fuel storage chamber 2, oxidant storage chamber 3, power supply 4, cable 41, electric pump 5, valve one 51, valve two 52, valve three 53, valve four 54, combustion chamber 11, raw material circulation chamber 12, injector 13, plug nozzle 14, throat 141.

[0025] Example

[0026] Combination Figure 1 An electric pump type rotary detonation engine comprises a shell 1, a fuel storage chamber 2, a fixedly mounted oxidant storage chamber 3, a power source 4 and a plurality of electric pumps 5. An annular combustion chamber 11 is arranged in the shell 1. Each electric pump 5 comprises a pump body 1 and a pump body 2. The pump body 1 is used for pumping the fuel in the fuel storage chamber 2 to the combustion chamber 11. The pump body 2 is used for pumping the oxidant in the oxidant storage chamber 3 to the combustion chamber 11. In this embodiment, the electric pump 5 can adopt an electric pump for a rocket engine with patent publication number CN116717479A.

[0027] There are multiple electric pumps 5, each of which is fixedly installed (for example, fixedly installed on the housing 1), so that the fuel / oxidant is delivered to the set area of ​​the combustion chamber 11 through the electric pump 5, thereby realizing the control of different areas of the rotating detonation process and achieving the purpose of adjusting the internal working conditions of the combustion chamber 11. In the accompanying drawings, two electric pumps 5 are taken as an example, and the power supply 4 provides electric energy to the electric pumps 5 through the power supply cable 41.

[0028] In order to accurately adjust the raw materials fed into the combustion chamber 11, a valve 1 51 is installed on the feed channel of the pump body 1 connected to the fuel storage chamber 2, and a valve 2 52 is installed on the feed channel of the pump body 2 connected to the oxidant storage chamber 3. A valve 3 53 is installed on the discharge channel of the pump body 1 connected to the fuel chamber, and a valve 4 54 is installed on the discharge channel of the pump body 2 connected to the fuel chamber. In this embodiment, the valve 1 51 and the valve 2 52 connected to the feed channel are pressure reducing valves, and the valve 3 53 and the valve 4 54 connected to the discharge channel are spray valves. The valve 4 54 provides oxidant from the inner wall side of the combustion chamber 11 into the combustion chamber 11.

[0029] In order to allow the raw material to cool down the combustion chamber 11 when the engine knocks, the shell 1 on the outer wall of the combustion chamber 11 is arranged to have a ring-shaped raw material flow chamber 12, which surrounds the annular combustion chamber 11, and the oxidant storage chamber 3 is arranged in the middle of the shell 1, and the annular combustion chamber 11 surrounds the oxidant storage chamber 3; the outlet end of the valve three 53 is connected to one end of the raw material flow chamber 12, so that the fuel can flow into the raw material flow chamber 12, so that the unused fuel can cool down the combustion chamber 11 from the outside of the combustion chamber 11, and the oxidant storage chamber 3 cools it from the surrounding inside of the combustion chamber 11.

[0030] The combustion chamber 11 is configured to be axially open on one side, a feed port is provided at one end of the raw material circulation chamber 12 close to the opening of the combustion chamber 11, a valve 3 53 is connected to the feed port, an injector 13 is installed at one end of the raw material circulation chamber 12 close to the fuel chamber seal, and the injector 13 is used to spray the fuel in the raw material circulation chamber 12 into the annular combustion chamber 11 in an atomized manner, such as a nozzle. Before the fuel enters the raw material circulation chamber 12 from the valve 3 53 and is sprayed out from the injector 13, the fuel is preheated under heat conduction in the combustion chamber 11.

[0031] In order to ensure that the power source 4 can be cooled, the power source 4 is installed close to the original oxidant storage chamber 3, the power source 4 is fixedly installed outside the housing 1, and the power source 4 is far away from the open end of the combustion chamber 11. In addition, the feed channel for the oxidant to flow into the electric pump 5 is set to flow through the surface of the power source 4, so as to use the lower temperature of the oxidant to cool the power source 4 that generates heat during operation, and at the same time reduce the impact of the combustion chamber 11 on the power source 4.

[0032] A plug-type nozzle 14 is also fixed to the shell 1 . The plug-type nozzle 14 is located at the outlet end of the combustion chamber 11 . An annular throat portion 141 protruding toward the outlet end of the combustion chamber 11 is formed on the plug-type nozzle 14 .

[0033] The usage process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0034] Engine start: When the engine starts, control valve one 51 and valve two 52 are both opened. Under the pressure of the fuel storage chamber 2, the fuel flows through valve one 51 (pressure reducing valve) to reduce pressure, and then enters the electric pump 5. The pump body of the electric pump 5 sends the fuel to valve three 53 and the feed port, and then the fuel enters the raw material circulation chamber 12. After passing through the raw material circulation chamber 12 under pressure, the fuel is sprayed from the injector 13 into the combustion chamber 11; and the oxidant enters the electric pump 5 through valve two 52, and the pump body of the electric pump 5 sends the oxidant to valve four 54, and the oxidant is sprayed from valve four 54 into the combustion chamber 11; the sprayed oxidant and fuel are mixed in the combustion chamber 11, and after the ignition conditions are met, they are ignited and the engine starts.

[0035] Engine operation: After the raw materials enter the annular combustion chamber 11, they are ignited once, generating a stable detonation wave to form thrust.

[0036] Engine operating condition adjustment: Since the same electric pump 5 injects fuel and oxidant into the combustion chamber 11 at the same time, the ratio of fuel to oxidant can be ensured to be stable by controlling the rotation speed of the electric pump 5 and the control of each valve, thereby controlling the speed of raw material injection into the combustion chamber 11 and allowing the engine to generate a continuous and stable detonation wave.

[0037] In this embodiment, the electric pump 5 is used, which makes the structure of the whole engine simpler and easier to manufacture, so the cost can be reduced to a greater extent. The working conditions in the detonation chamber can also be adjusted by controlling the raw materials in different areas of the combustion chamber 11 through multiple electric pumps 5.

[0038] The technology of this embodiment does not have the high-temperature turbine components and various sealing and lubrication problems at high temperatures of the prior art, and does not require a gas generator, so it is simple to manufacture, cheap, and more reliable. In addition, there is no waste of fuel and oxidant required for the operation of the turbopump.

[0039] The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the utility model, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the utility model and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An electric pump type rotary detonation engine, comprising a housing, a fixedly mounted oxidant storage chamber and a fuel storage chamber, wherein an annular combustion chamber is provided in the housing, characterized in that: It also includes an electric pump and a power supply, the power supply is used to provide electrical energy to the electric pump, the electric pump is used to pump the oxidant in the oxidant storage chamber into the combustion chamber, and the electric pump is also used to pump the fuel in the fuel storage chamber into the combustion chamber.

2. An electric pump type rotary detonation engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric pump comprises a pump body 1 and a pump body 2, wherein the pump body 1 is used for pumping fuel, and the pump body 2 is used for pumping oxidant.

3. An electric pump type rotary detonation engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A valve 1 is provided between the pump body 1 and the fuel storage chamber, and / or a valve 2 is provided between the pump body 2 and the oxidant storage chamber.

4. The electric pump type rotary detonation engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A valve three is provided between the pump body one and the fuel chamber, and / or a valve four is provided between the pump body two and the combustion chamber.

5. The electric pump type rotary detonation engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple electric pumps, and each electric pump is used to deliver fuel / oxidant to a set area of ​​the combustion chamber.

6. An electric pump type rotary detonation engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An annular raw material circulation chamber is provided in the shell, which surrounds the annular combustion chamber. The annular combustion chamber surrounds the fuel storage chamber or the oxidant storage chamber. The raw material circulation chamber is used to introduce fuel or oxidant. An injector is provided on the raw material circulation chamber for injecting raw materials into the annular combustion chamber.

7. An electric pump type rotary detonation engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power source is close to the raw material storage chamber or the oxidant storage chamber, one end of the combustion chamber is sealed, and the other end is open; the power source is far away from the open end of the combustion chamber.

8. The electric pump type rotary detonation engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feed channel between the electric pump and the oxidant storage chamber and / or the fuel storage chamber flows through the power supply surface.

9. The electric pump type rotary detonation engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The raw material circulation chamber is provided with a feed port near the opening end of the combustion chamber, the injector is located on the side of the combustion chamber away from the opening end, the feed port is connected with the electric pump, and the feed port is used to input fuel.

10. The electric pump type rotary detonation engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shell body is provided with a plug-type nozzle, which is located at the outlet end of the combustion chamber.

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