Layout structure for improving wind energy utilization rate through wake flow control of wind power plant

Abstract

The utility model provides a layout structure for improving wind energy utilization rate by wake flow control of a wind power plant, which comprises an upstream horizontal-axis wind turbine, a vertical-axis wind turbine and a downstream horizontal-axis wind turbine, and the vertical-axis wind turbine is mounted at the front 6D position of the downstream horizontal-axis wind turbine; and the transverse distance between the two vertical axis wind turbines in the wind field is 1.6 D. And the two vertical axis wind turbines rotate in opposite directions. And the H-shaped three-blade vertical axis wind turbine is arranged at a position 6D away from the center of the impeller. A vertical axis wind turbine and a horizontal axis wind turbine are arranged on the wind power plant terrain. And the distance between the vertical axis wind turbines is 1.6 D. The wind direction of the two vertical axis fans blows from the front to the back of the fans. And the diameter of the vertical axis wind turbine is D. The vertical-axis wind driven generators are additionally arranged between the horizontal-axis wind driven generators, wind speed distribution of the boundary layer of the wind power plant is changed, and then the wind energy utilization rate of the wind power plant and the overall power generation capacity of the power plant are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of wind power, in particular to a layout structure for controlling the wake of a wind farm to improve the utilization rate of wind energy. Background Art

[0002] As the wind power industry enters the era of large-scale development, large wind farms with a large number of wind turbines are increasing. Traditional wind farms are mostly arranged in a certain geometric shape, which also makes the wake effect in large wind farms very serious.

[0003] However, there are some shortcomings in the existing wind farm wake control process that still need to be improved. The existing wind farm wake control layout has a relatively large wake impact, which reduces the overall power generation capacity of the wind farm and increases the load consumption of the unit. Therefore, we make improvements to this and propose a layout structure for wind farm wake control to improve wind energy utilization. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems raised by the existing background technology and to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention. The present invention provides the following technical solutions: a layout structure for controlling the wake of a wind farm to improve the utilization rate of wind energy, comprising an upstream horizontal-axis wind turbine, a vertical-axis wind turbine, and a downstream horizontal-axis wind turbine, wherein the vertical-axis wind turbine is installed 6D in front of the downstream horizontal-axis wind turbine; and the lateral distance between the two vertical-axis wind turbines in the wind farm is 1.6D.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, two vertical axis wind turbines rotate towards each other.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the H-type three-blade vertical axis wind turbine is arranged at a position 6D away from the center of the impeller.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, vertical axis wind turbines and horizontal axis wind turbines are arranged on the wind farm terrain.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model, the distance between the vertical axis wind turbines is 1.6D.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the wind direction of the two vertical axis fans blows from the front to the rear of the fans.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the diameter of the vertical axis wind turbine is D.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] In the scheme of the utility model: a vertical axis wind turbine is installed 6D in front of a downstream horizontal axis wind turbine; and the horizontal distance between the two vertical axis wind turbines in the wind turbine flow field is 1.6D. The two vertical axis wind turbines rotate towards each other. The H-type three-blade vertical axis wind turbine is set at a position 6D away from the center of the impeller. The vertical axis wind turbine and the horizontal axis wind turbine are set on the terrain of the wind farm, and a plurality of vertical axis wind turbines are installed between the horizontal axis wind turbines, so as to change the wind speed distribution in the boundary layer of the wind farm, thereby improving the wind energy utilization rate of the wind farm and the overall power generation capacity of the power plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 A location diagram of a tandem-arranged wind farm mixed with vertical axis wind turbines provided by the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 The installation position of the vertical axis wind turbine in the wind farm provided by the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the wake effect of a horizontal axis wind turbine provided by the utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 The utility model provides a spacing and rotation direction of two mixed vertical axis wind turbines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiment is a specific implementation of the utility model and is not limited to all embodiments.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents some embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions therein can be combined with each other. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0020] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4A layout structure for controlling the wake of a wind farm to improve the utilization rate of wind energy, including an upstream horizontal axis wind turbine, a vertical axis wind turbine, and a downstream horizontal axis wind turbine. The vertical axis wind turbine 2 is installed 6D in front of the downstream horizontal axis wind turbine 1; and the lateral distance between the two vertical axis wind turbines 2 in the wind turbine farm is 1.6D.

[0021] The two vertical axis wind turbines 2 rotate towards each other. The H-type three-blade vertical axis wind turbine 2 is set at a position 6D away from the center of the impeller. The vertical axis wind turbine 2 and the horizontal axis wind turbine 1 are set on the wind farm terrain 3.

[0022] The distance between the vertical axis wind turbines 2 is 1.6D. The wind direction of the two vertical axis wind turbines is from the front to the back of the wind turbine. The diameter of the vertical axis wind turbine 2 is D.

[0023] Embodiment 2: A layout structure for controlling the wake of a wind farm to improve the utilization rate of wind energy. After the upstream horizontal axis generator set absorbs part of the energy in the air and applies disturbance, a wake zone will be formed downstream. Compared with the free flow, the air speed in the wake zone is reduced, the turbulence is increased, the fatigue load and torque fluctuation are increased, and the service life of the horizontal axis wind generator set in the downwind direction is affected. The vertical axis wind turbine 2 can be started at a low wind speed. Its power generation system is installed under the tower, with a low center of gravity, which is easy to adapt to complex environments and large-scale. The tower design is simple and easy to install and maintain. During the rotation process, the blades have a long fatigue life and a high wind energy utilization rate because the directions of the inertial force and gravity are constant; it can effectively overcome the "wind loss" and "fatigue loss". Its wake recovery distance is short and the range is small, which can ensure that the impact on the horizontal axis wind turbine 1 is minimal, so there is enough space to install the vertical axis wind turbine 2. Based on the existing research conclusions, the wind speed of the H-type three-blade vertical axis wind turbine 2 at a position 6D away from the center of the impeller can recover to 92% of the incoming wind speed, and the surrounding wind with a higher wind speed still exists; the vertical axis wind turbines 2 arranged side by side can capture more wind, and the wind field is more stable than that of a single vertical axis, and has the highest efficiency when the distance is 1.6D and rotating in opposite directions. Affected by the mutual coupling effect, the incoming wind is accelerated when passing through the vertical axis wind turbine 2 rotating in opposite directions, so that the adjacent wind turbines capture more wind energy, and the adjacent wind turbines influence each other, thereby improving the overall wind energy utilization coefficient. Therefore, the opposite rotation direction is better than the same rotation. Based on the above advantages, this design proposes two vertical axis wind turbines installed side by side. Figure 4. In summary, the layout of two H-shaped three-blade vertical axis wind turbines 2 arranged side by side can install multiple additional vertical axis wind turbines in the wake area without affecting the operation of the horizontal axis wind turbine 1, and use the near-ground wake flow field of the horizontal axis wind turbine 1 to generate electricity, effectively suppressing the wake impact of the horizontal axis wind turbine 1. The reuse of its flow field can effectively reduce the idle space in the wind farm and increase the utilization rate of the wake area, so as to improve the overall power generation of the wind farm and make up for the power generation benefits of wind farms with poor wind resources. The wind sweep range of the vertical axis wind turbine is complementary to the wind sweep range of the horizontal axis wind turbine, and the vertical space and resource utilization are complementary, and the wind farm is mixed accordingly.

[0024] During the use of the utility model, the steps are implemented

[0025] Step 1. Collect relevant data of the wind farm: including the measured data of the wind tower, such as the latitude and longitude coordinates, altitude, average monthly and annual wind speed, wind power density, wind direction, air pressure and temperature, etc., and the information of the installed horizontal axis wind turbine 1, such as the impeller diameter, hub height, measured wind speed and wind power curve, etc.

[0026] Step 2. Selection of mixed vertical axis wind turbine 2 models: Without considering the layout of the wind farm, select the appropriate vertical axis wind turbine 2 model airfoil, number of blades, length and rotor diameter through theoretical power generation calculation, wind power coefficient and economic comparison;

[0027] Step 3. Perform software simulation: Through software testing, simulate the actual wind farm flow state and adjust the position of the vertical axis wind turbine 2 to achieve the effect of improving wind energy utilization. The simulation experiment is very sensitive to the calculation model used, and multiple software and multiple calculation models should be tried to solve it.

[0028] Step 4. Practical application of the project: Based on the principle of ensuring the safety and stable operation of the original wind farm, select suitable wind farms for transformation. Collect operation-related data in accordance with technical standards and contract requirements, compare theoretical simulation results, and continuously improve the layout method.

[0029] Test example:

[0030] A 50MW wind farm has been transformed into a mixed-installation wind turbine farm. The wind farm is located at an altitude of 1380-1470m, with an annual average wind speed of 7.27-7.68m / s, an average wind power density of 439-519W / m2, and a total site area of ​​8km2. 33 1.5MW horizontal-axis wind turbines have been built, with a rotor diameter of 70.4m and a hub height of 80m. The wind farm is arranged in series, with a row spacing of 316.8m and a column spacing of 633.6m between two horizontal-axis wind turbines. The annual power generation is 120.177 million kW.

[0031] After analyzing and studying the terrain conditions and wind resource data of the wind farm, 20 1MW vertical axis wind turbines were installed in the idle mountainous areas of the wind farm, with 2 turbines as a wake utilization unit, for a total of 10 units. The vertical axis wind turbine 2 has a rotor diameter of 45m and a blade length of 15m. It is located 211.2m behind the horizontal axis wind turbine 1, with a hub height of 55m. The two vertical axis wind turbines 2 are 72m apart horizontally.

[0032] Wasp9 and Windfarmer4.1.1.0 software were used to calculate the annual power generation of the wind farm. After considering the comprehensive reduction factors such as air density reduction, wind turbine power curve reduction and blade pollution reduction, the annual power generation of the 20 vertical axis wind turbines with 45-meter blades in the field was 35.14045 million kW·h, which was about 3% higher than the power generation before installation.

[0033] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. Therefore, any modification or equivalent replacement of the present invention; and all technical solutions and improvements thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A layout structure for controlling the wake of a wind farm to improve the utilization rate of wind energy, characterized in that: It comprises an upstream horizontal axis wind turbine, a vertical axis wind turbine and a downstream horizontal axis wind turbine. The vertical axis wind turbine (2) is installed 6D in front of the downstream horizontal axis wind turbine (1); and the horizontal distance between the two vertical axis wind turbines (2) in the wind turbine field is 1.6D.

2. A layout structure for controlling the wind farm wake to improve wind energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two vertical axis wind turbines (2) rotate towards each other.

3. A layout structure for controlling the wind farm wake to improve wind energy utilization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The H-type three-blade vertical axis wind turbine (2) is arranged at a position 6D away from the impeller center of the downstream horizontal axis wind turbine (1).

4. A layout structure for controlling the wind farm wake to improve wind energy utilization according to claim 3, characterized in that: A vertical-axis wind turbine (2) and a horizontal-axis wind turbine (1) are arranged on the wind farm terrain (3).

5. A layout structure for controlling the wake of a wind farm to improve wind energy utilization according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent vertical-axis wind turbines (2) is 1.6D.

6. A layout structure for controlling the wake of a wind farm to improve the utilization rate of wind energy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wind direction of the two vertical axis fans is from the front to the back of the fans.

7. A layout structure for controlling the wake of a wind farm to improve the utilization rate of wind energy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter of the vertical axis wind turbine (2) is D.

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