Hairpin type heat exchanger structure
By using toothed pads and packing sealing technology in hairpin heat exchangers, replacing the special-shaped head forgings and using graphite-reinforced composite pad sealing, the high cost and manufacturing difficulties in the design of existing hairpin heat exchangers are solved, and the effect of structural simplification, cost reduction and easy maintenance is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420725137.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing hairpin heat exchangers use more forgings, which are costly, and are difficult to design and manufacture at the tail-shaped head, with a long production cycle and high cost.
The pipe plate and the tube box flange are sealed with toothed pads, and the pipe plate and the shell flange are sealed with packing. One side of the packing is stuck with the shell flange, and the other side is pressed with a removable double ring. At the same time, a shell cover welded with an elbow sealing plate is used to replace the special-shaped head forgings, and a graphite reinforced composite pad is used to seal the rear flange and flange cover of the shell.
It realizes the simplification of the hairpin heat exchanger structure, reduces the amount of forgings, reduces manufacturing costs, is easy to install, is easy to obtain and replace the toothed pad/packing seal, and is removable and repairable, which reduces the cost and meets the requirements of the use function.
Smart Images
Figure CN222652003U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a hairpin type heat exchanger structure. Background Art
[0002] The hairpin heat exchanger combines the advantages of U-tube heat exchangers and other shell and tube (fixed tube sheet / stuffing box) heat exchangers. It has high heat exchange performance and compact structural design. It is suitable for the temperature crossover of the process medium on the shell and tube side. The pure countercurrent design allows temperature crossover and deep heat exchange, and can be applied to high temperature difference conditions without expansion joints. However, as a non-standard structure heat exchanger, the hairpin heat exchanger has few design forms to refer to, and domestic design experience is lacking. The hairpin heat exchanger in the prior art mainly has the following problems: a) Many design structures of the hairpin heat exchanger use a large number of forgings, which are costly; b) Large special-shaped forgings are often used at the tail of the hairpin heat exchanger, which is difficult to manufacture, has a long production cycle and high cost. The conventional design is that the special-shaped head at the long circular flange at the tail adopts an integral forging design, and the material cost is extremely high. How to design the front-end pipe box so that the tube bundle can be passed through from the tail and the tube sheet can be connected to the pipe box / shell. Therefore, it is necessary to design a reliable and durable structural form that is both cost-saving and safe and practical. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a hairpin heat exchanger structure.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a hairpin heat exchanger structure, comprising a tube box, a tube box flange, a tube sheet, a heat exchange tube bundle, two mutually parallel transverse shells, a shell flange, and a shell cover, wherein a tube box is arranged at one end of each of the transverse shells, a shell cover is arranged at the other end of the two transverse shells, a tube box flat cover is arranged on one side of the tube box, and a tube sheet is arranged on the other side of the tube box, the tube box flange and the shell flange are respectively fixedly arranged on both sides of the tube sheet, the shell flange is connected to one end of the transverse shell close to the tube sheet, the shell cover is connected to the transverse shell through the shell flange cover and the rear end flange of the shell, and the heat exchange tube bundle is located in the heat exchanger.
[0005] Furthermore, the shell cover is composed of a 180° elbow and two elbow sealing plates. The shell cover is cut and processed by the 180° elbow and then welded with the two elbow sealing plates.
[0006] Furthermore, detachable split rings are provided at both ends of the tube sheet.
[0007] Furthermore, a packing is provided between the tube sheet and the shell flange, one side of the packing is clamped with the shell flange, and the other side is supported by the detachable split ring, and the split ring is integrally processed and formed and then cut to reduce errors and meet the requirements of installation accuracy.
[0008] Furthermore, a tube box gasket is provided between the tube sheet and the tube box flange, and the tube box gasket is a toothed gasket. Furthermore, a tube sheet skirt is provided at the end of the tube sheet, and the thickness of the tube sheet can be reduced by providing the tube sheet skirt. To meet the requirements of installation accuracy, thick plates need to be rolled, and secondary machining is performed after welding with the tube sheet is completed.
[0009] Furthermore, a shell gasket is arranged between the shell flange cover and the shell rear end flange.
[0010] Furthermore, the shell gasket is a graphite reinforced composite gasket.
[0011] Furthermore, stud bolts are used to fix the pipe box flange and the shell flange, as well as the shell flange cover and the rear end flange of the shell.
[0012] Furthermore, the housing cover and the housing flange cover are connected by welding.
[0013] Principle of the utility model: The tube sheet and the tube box flange are sealed with toothed gaskets, and the tube sheet and the shell flange are sealed with packing. One side of the packing is clamped by the shell flange, and the other side is supported by a detachable split ring. After the tube is inserted, the heat exchange tube bundle is passed from the tail of the transverse shell into the transverse shell by using eye bolts, and the packing is inserted. The packing joint adopts a 45° bevel cut, and the two packing joints are staggered by at least 90°. Then install the split ring, push the heat exchange tube bundle toward the tail, and use the split ring to support the packing. The shell cover is cut and processed with a 180° elbow, and then welded with two elbow sealing plates to replace the special-shaped head forging, and then welded with the oblong shell flange cover. The rear end flange of the shell and the flange cover are sealed with graphite reinforced composite gaskets. When repairing, first remove the shell cover as a whole, remove the plug on the heat exchange tube bundle, install the eyebolt, use the eyebolt to properly pull the heat exchange tube bundle to the side of the tube box, remove the split ring, and then remove the heat exchange tube bundle from the tail. A top screw hole is set on one side of the matching flange to facilitate the separation of the gasket and the flange during maintenance.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0015] The hairpin heat exchanger of the utility model has a simple structure, a small number of forgings, a low manufacturing cost, is easy to install, the toothed gasket / stuffing box is easy to obtain and replace, and the tube bundle is detachable for maintenance, thereby satisfying the use function under the premise of reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the housing cover;
[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shell cover;
[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the "A"-"A" cross-sectional structure;
[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the "B"-"B" cross-sectional structure;
[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the "C"-"C" cross-sectional structure;
[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the "D"-"D" cross-sectional structure;
[0024] Fig. 9 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the "E"-"E" cross-sectional structure;
[0025] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe bundle structure for maintenance and removal of the utility model;
[0026] In the figure: 1 pipe box flat cover, 2 pipe box, 3 pipe box flange, 4 pair of split rings, 5 shell flange, 6 transverse shell, 7 tube sheet skirt, 8 tube sheet, 9 filler, 10 pipe box gasket, 11 stud bolt, 12 top screw, 13 plug, 14 eye bolt, 15 heat exchange tube bundle, 16 shell rear end flange, 17 shell flange cover, 18 180° elbow, 19 elbow sealing plate, 20 shell gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0028] For example, see Figures 1 to 10The utility model provides a technical solution: a hairpin heat exchanger structure, including a tube box 2, a tube box flange 3, a tube sheet 8, a heat exchange tube bundle 15, two mutually parallel transverse shells 6, a shell flange 5, and a shell cover, one end of each of the transverse shells 6 is provided with a tube box 2, the other ends of the two transverse shells 6 are provided with a shell cover, one side of the tube box 2 is provided with a tube box flat cover 1, and the other side of the tube box 2 is provided with a tube sheet 8, the tube box flange 3 and the shell flange 5 are respectively fixed on both sides of the tube sheet 8, the shell flange 5 is connected to one end of the transverse shell 6 close to the tube sheet 8, the shell cover is connected to the transverse shell 6 through the shell flange cover 17 and the shell rear end flange 16, and the heat exchange tube bundle 15 is located in the heat exchanger.
[0029] Furthermore, the shell cover is composed of a 180° elbow 18 and two elbow sealing plates 19 . The shell cover is formed by cutting the 180° elbow 18 and then welding it with the two elbow sealing plates 19 .
[0030] Furthermore, detachable split rings 4 are provided at both ends of the tube sheet 8 .
[0031] Furthermore, a packing 9 is provided between the tube sheet 8 and the shell flange 5. One side of the packing 9 is clamped with the shell flange 5, and the other side is supported by the detachable split ring 4. The split ring 4 needs to be integrally processed and formed before being cut to reduce errors and meet the requirements of installation accuracy.
[0032] Furthermore, a tube box gasket 10 is provided between the tube sheet 8 and the tube box flange 3, and the tube box gasket 10 is a toothed gasket. Furthermore, a tube sheet skirt 7 is provided at the end of the tube sheet 8, and the thickness of the tube sheet 8 can be reduced by providing the tube sheet skirt 7. To meet the requirements of installation accuracy, thick plates need to be rolled, and after welding with the tube sheet 8, secondary machining is performed.
[0033] Furthermore, a housing gasket 20 is provided between the housing flange cover 17 and the housing rear end flange 16 .
[0034] Furthermore, the shell gasket 20 is a graphite reinforced composite gasket.
[0035] Furthermore, the pipe box flange 3 and the housing flange 5 as well as the housing flange cover 17 and the housing rear end flange 16 are fixed by stud bolts 11 .
[0036] Furthermore, the housing cover and the housing flange cover 17 are connected by welding.
[0037] Principle of the utility model: The tube sheet 8 and the tube box flange 3 are sealed with a tube box gasket 10, and the tube sheet 8 and the shell flange 5 are sealed with a packing 9. One side of the packing 9 is clamped by the shell flange 5, and the other side is supported by a detachable split ring 4. After the tube is inserted, the heat exchange tube bundle 15 is inserted into the transverse shell 6 from the tail of the transverse shell 6 by using the eye bolt 14, and the packing 9 is inserted. The joint of the packing 9 adopts a 45° oblique cut, and the two packing 9 joints are staggered by at least 90°. Then install the split ring 4, and then push the heat exchange tube bundle 15 in the tail direction, and use the split ring 4 to support the packing. The shell cover is cut and processed with a 180° elbow, and then welded with two elbow sealing plates to replace the special-shaped head forging, and then welded with the oblong shell flange cover. The rear end flange of the shell and the shell flange cover are sealed with a graphite reinforced composite gasket. During maintenance, first remove the shell cover as a whole, remove the plug 13 on the heat exchange tube bundle, install the eye bolt 14, use the eye bolt 14 to properly pull the heat exchange tube bundle 15 to the side of the tube box, remove the split ring 4, and then remove the heat exchange tube bundle 15 from the tail. A top screw hole is set on one side of the matching flange, and a top screw 12 is set in the top screw hole to facilitate the separation of the gasket and the flange during maintenance.
[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A hairpin heat exchanger structure, characterized in that: The heat exchanger comprises a tube box (2), a tube box flange (3), a tube sheet (8), a heat exchange tube bundle (15), two mutually parallel transverse shells (6), a shell flange (5), and a shell cover. One end of each transverse shell (6) is provided with a tube box (2), and the other ends of the two transverse shells (6) are provided with a shell cover. One side of the tube box (2) is provided with a tube box flat cover (1), and the other side of the tube box (2) is provided with a tube sheet (8). The tube box flange (3) and the shell flange (5) are respectively fixedly arranged on both sides of the tube sheet (8). The shell flange (5) is connected to one end of the transverse shell (6) close to the tube sheet (8). The shell cover is connected to the transverse shell (6) through a shell flange cover (17) and a shell rear end flange (16). The heat exchange tube bundle (15) is located in the heat exchanger.
2. A hairpin heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing cover is formed by welding a 180° elbow (18) and two elbow sealing plates (19).
3. A hairpin heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Removable split rings (4) are provided at both ends of the tube sheet (8).
4. A hairpin heat exchanger structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A packing (9) is arranged between the tube sheet (8) and the housing flange (5); one side of the packing (9) is clamped to the housing flange (5) and the other side is supported by the detachable split ring (4).
5. The hairpin heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tube box gasket (10) is provided between the tube sheet (8) and the tube box flange (3), and the tube box gasket (10) is a toothed gasket.
6. A hairpin heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tube sheet skirt (7) is provided at the end of the tube sheet (8).
7. The hairpin heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A housing gasket (20) is provided between the housing flange cover (17) and the housing rear end flange (16).
8. A hairpin heat exchanger structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shell gasket (20) is a graphite reinforced composite gasket.
9. The hairpin heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe box flange (3) and the housing flange (5) as well as the housing flange cover (17) and the housing rear end flange (16) are fixed by stud bolts (11).
10. The hairpin heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing cover and the housing flange cover (17) are connected by welding.