Gas type high-sealing structure electric spindle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gas type high sealing structure motorized spindle which comprises a motorized spindle body, a sealing shaft sleeve and a gas pressure sealing assembly, one end of the motorized spindle body is provided with a coupler and connected with a spindle rod through the coupler, and the other end of the spindle rod penetrates through the inner side of the sealing shaft sleeve and is fixedly connected with an execution tail end. Flange end covers are arranged at the two ends of the sealing shaft sleeve, the air pressure sealing assembly is fixedly installed on the inner side of the sealing shaft sleeve, and the inner side of the air pressure sealing assembly is rotationally sleeved with a shaft sleeve located on the inner side of the sealing shaft sleeve. According to the utility model, the gas supply structure is arranged to pump high-pressure gas flow, and the gas dynamic sealing principle is utilized to form extrusion and pushing pressure on the expansion sleeve ring on the two sides of the piston guide sleeve, so that the expansion sleeve ring performs external expansion motion and is tightly jointed with the inner side of the sealing shaft sleeve and the inner wall of the shaft sleeve pipe to realize a high sealing effect and a motion supporting effect; and the pressure of the overflowed gas forms positive pressure to prevent external water vapor and impurities from entering, so that the sealing effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering, in particular to a gas-type high-sealing structure electric spindle. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern precision machining equipment, the electric spindle plays a vital role as a key power transmission component. However, the technical bottlenecks faced by traditional electric spindles in high-speed and high-temperature environments have triggered a series of challenges. At present, the mainstream electric spindle design still relies on traditional liquid lubricants or mechanical seals as sealing structures to ensure sealing and reduce friction resistance. However, this design exposes a series of problems under high-temperature conditions. First, liquid lubricants are easily affected by high temperatures and evaporate and gasify, resulting in a sharp decline in sealing performance. Secondly, the friction part of the traditional sealing structure is dependent on liquid lubricants, which greatly increases friction losses in high-temperature environments, greatly affecting the operating life and stability of the spindle. This series of problems makes traditional electric spindles unable to cope with the needs of high-precision and high-speed precision machining. In view of this, the existing problems are studied and improved, and a gas-type high-sealing structure electric spindle is provided to solve the current problems, aiming to achieve the purpose of solving problems and improving practical value through this technology. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technology.

[0004] To this end, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a gas-type high-sealing structure electric spindle, including: an electric spindle, a sealing sleeve and a pneumatic sealing assembly, one end of the electric spindle is provided with a coupling and is connected to a spindle rod through the coupling, the other end of the spindle rod passes through the inner side of the sealing sleeve and is fixedly connected to an execution end, both ends of the sealing sleeve are provided with flange end covers, the pneumatic sealing assembly is fixedly installed on the inner side of the sealing sleeve, the inner side of the pneumatic sealing assembly is rotatably sleeved with a shaft sleeve located on the inner side of the sealing sleeve, and the The pneumatic sealing assembly includes a piston guide sleeve, an air distribution ring, a dynamic pressure ring and an expansion ring. The air distribution ring is fixedly installed on the inner side of the piston guide sleeve. The surfaces of the sealing sleeve and the piston guide sleeve are respectively provided with an air inlet hole and an introduction hole which are interconnected. A plurality of air distribution holes are provided on both sides of the air distribution ring. The inner side of the air distribution ring is a cavity structure and is connected with the introduction hole. The dynamic pressure ring and the expansion ring are in two groups and are arranged symmetrically about the air distribution ring. A sliding groove is provided on one side of the dynamic pressure ring and a slip ring is slidably installed thereon. The slip ring abuts against one side of the expansion ring.

[0005] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: the main shaft rod is a flexible coupling structure, a support seat is provided on the outer side of the main shaft rod, and the upper and lower ends of the support seat are respectively fixedly connected to the surface of the electric spindle and the flange end cover.

[0006] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: a bearing is fixedly sleeved on the inner side of the sealing sleeve, and the bearing is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve to realize rotational support of the shaft sleeve.

[0007] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: guide sleeves for axial sliding of the dynamic pressure ring are provided on both sides of the piston guide sleeve, and the side of the dynamic pressure ring facing the air distribution ring is a planar structure.

[0008] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: the sliding ring is a component made of polytetrachloroethylene, the sliding ring is embedded in the surface of the sliding groove, and the outer periphery of the sliding ring is in sliding contact with the inner side of the sealing sleeve.

[0009] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: an exhaust ring seat is provided on the inner side of the sealing sleeve and is located at both ends of the pneumatic sealing assembly; an air gap for gas to pass through is provided between the exhaust ring seat and the sleeve tube; and a plurality of evenly distributed exhaust holes are provided on the surface of the flange end cover.

[0010] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the expansion ring is a rubber component, and the inner side of the expansion ring is a cavity structure.

[0011] The beneficial effects achieved by the utility model are:

[0012] 1. In the utility model, an air supply structure is provided to pump high-pressure airflow, and the principle of gas dynamic sealing is utilized to form an extrusion and pushing pressure on the expansion sleeve ring on both sides of the piston guide sleeve to cause it to expand outwardly and form a tight connection with the inner side of the sealing sleeve and the inner wall of the sleeve tube to achieve a high sealing effect and a motion support effect. The overflowing gas pressure forms a positive pressure to isolate the entry of external water vapor and impurities, thereby improving the sealing effect.

[0013] 2. In the present invention, high-purity, oil-free, water vapor-free gas is selected for high-pressure pumping to replace the spring structure in the traditional mechanical seal to avoid the volatilization problem of the traditional liquid seal and achieve long-term maintenance-free sealing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a sealing sleeve according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pneumatic sealing assembly according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a pneumatic sealing assembly according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a piston guide sleeve according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] 100, electric spindle; 110, coupling; 120, spindle rod; 130, execution end;

[0021] 200, sealing sleeve; 210, flange end cover; 220, air inlet; 230, exhaust hole; 240, bearing; 250, exhaust ring seat; 260, shaft sleeve;

[0022] 300, pneumatic seal assembly; 310, piston guide sleeve; 320, air distribution ring; 330, dynamic pressure ring; 340, expansion ring; 311, introduction hole; 321, air distribution hole; 331, slide groove; 332, slip ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model is further described in detail below in combination with specific implementation methods and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments of the utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0024] A gas-type highly sealed electric spindle provided by some embodiments of the utility model will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Combination Figure 1-5As shown, the utility model provides a gas-type high-sealing structure electric spindle, comprising: an electric spindle 100, a sealing sleeve 200 and a pneumatic sealing assembly 300, one end of the electric spindle 100 is provided with a coupling 110 and is connected to a spindle rod 120 through the coupling 110, the other end of the spindle rod 120 passes through the inner side of the sealing sleeve 200 and is fixedly connected to an execution end 130, both ends of the sealing sleeve 200 are provided with flange end covers 210, the pneumatic sealing assembly 300 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the sealing sleeve 200, the inner side of the pneumatic sealing assembly 300 is rotatably sleeved with a shaft sleeve tube 260 located on the inner side of the sealing sleeve 200, and the pneumatic sealing assembly 300 includes a movable The piston guide sleeve 310, the air distribution ring 320, the dynamic pressure ring 330 and the expansion ring 340. The air distribution ring 320 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the piston guide sleeve 310. The surfaces of the sealing sleeve 200 and the piston guide sleeve 310 are respectively provided with an air inlet hole 220 and an introduction hole 311 which are interconnected. A plurality of air distribution holes 321 are provided on both sides of the air distribution ring 320. The inner side of the air distribution ring 320 is a cavity structure and is connected to the introduction hole 311. The dynamic pressure ring 330 and the expansion ring 340 are in two groups and are symmetrically arranged about the air distribution ring 320. A sliding groove 331 is provided on one side of the dynamic pressure ring 330 and a slip ring 332 is slidably installed. The slip ring 332 and one side of the expansion ring 340 abut against each other.

[0026] In this embodiment, the main shaft rod 120 is a flexible coupling structure, a support seat is provided on the outer side of the main shaft rod 120, and the upper and lower ends of the support seat are fixedly connected to the surface of the electric spindle 100 and the flange end cover 210 respectively.

[0027] In this embodiment, a bearing 240 is fixedly sleeved on the inner side of the sealing sleeve 200 , and the bearing 240 is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve 260 to realize rotation support of the shaft sleeve 260 .

[0028] In this embodiment, guide sleeves for axial sliding of the dynamic pressure ring 330 are provided on both sides of the piston guide sleeve 310, and the side of the dynamic pressure ring 330 facing the air distribution ring 320 is a planar structure.

[0029] In this embodiment, the sliding ring 332 is a component made of polytetrachloroethylene. The sliding ring 332 is embedded in the surface of the sliding groove 331 and the outer periphery thereof is in sliding contact with the inner side of the sealing sleeve 200 .

[0030] Specifically, the sliding ring 332 is used to reduce the contact friction between the outer periphery of the dynamic pressure ring 330 and the surface of the expansion ring 340 and the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 200, so as to provide rotation support.

[0031] In this embodiment, an exhaust ring seat 250 is provided on the inner side of the sealing sleeve 200 at both ends of the pneumatic sealing assembly 300, an air gap for gas to pass through is provided between the exhaust ring seat 250 and the sleeve tube 260, and a plurality of evenly distributed exhaust holes 230 are provided on the surface of the flange end cover 210.

[0032] Specifically, the air gap inside the exhaust ring seat 250 is used to form an annular exhaust so as to form an air pressure seal, and the gas is discharged through the exhaust hole 230 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the expansion ring 340 is a rubber member, and the inner side of the expansion ring 340 is a cavity structure.

[0034] Specifically, the flexible expansion ring 340 is used to change the structure so as to form an external expansion effect during the extrusion of the dynamic pressure ring 330 to improve the contact effect with the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 260 and the sealing sleeve 200 .

[0035] The working principle and use process of this utility model:

[0036] During the use of the electric spindle, the air pump structure is connected through the air inlet hole 220 on the surface of the sealing sleeve 200, and the high-pressure airflow enters the interior of the air distribution ring 320 through the air inlet hole 220 and the introduction hole 311, and is discharged toward the surface of the dynamic pressure ring 330 through a plurality of air distribution holes 321 on both sides of the air distribution ring 320. A large amount of airflow pushes the dynamic pressure ring 330 to move along the inner side of the piston guide sleeve 310 to both sides, squeezing the surfaces of the sliding ring 332 and the expansion ring 340. When the main shaft rod 120 rotates, the dynamic pressure ring 330 rotates synchronously with the main shaft rod 120, and the expansion ring 340 rotates synchronously. 0 The piston guide sleeve 310 and the sealing sleeve 200 remain stationary, and the slip ring 332 is used to reduce the sliding friction between the dynamic pressure ring 330 and the expansion ring 340. Under the action of air pressure, part of the air pressure pushes the slip ring 332 to squeeze the expansion ring 340, thereby improving the contact effect between the expansion ring 340 and the shaft sleeve 260 and the sealing sleeve 200, and part of the air flow escapes through both sides of the expansion ring 340 and is discharged through the exhaust hole 230. The overflowed gas pressure forms a positive pressure to isolate the entry of external water vapor and impurities, thereby improving the sealing effect.

[0037] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gas-type high-sealing structure electric spindle, characterized in that: include: An electric spindle (100), a sealing sleeve (200) and a pneumatic sealing assembly (300), wherein one end of the electric spindle (100) is provided with a coupling (110) and is connected to a spindle rod (120) via the coupling (110), the other end of the spindle rod (120) passes through the inner side of the sealing sleeve (200) and is fixedly connected to an execution end (130), both ends of the sealing sleeve (200) are provided with flange end covers (210), the pneumatic sealing assembly (300) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the sealing sleeve (200), the inner side of the pneumatic sealing assembly (300) is rotatably sleeved with a shaft sleeve tube (260) located on the inner side of the sealing sleeve (200), and the pneumatic sealing assembly (300) comprises a piston guide sleeve (310), an air distribution ring (320), a movable A pressure ring (330) and an expansion ring (340), the air distribution ring (320) being fixedly mounted on the inner side of the piston guide sleeve (310), the surfaces of the sealing sleeve (200) and the piston guide sleeve (310) being respectively provided with an air inlet hole (220) and an introduction hole (311) which are interconnected, a plurality of air distribution holes (321) being provided on both sides of the air distribution ring (320), the inner side of the air distribution ring (320) being a cavity structure and being connected with the introduction hole (311), the number of the dynamic pressure ring (330) and the expansion ring (340) being two groups and being symmetrically arranged with respect to the air distribution ring (320), a sliding groove (331) being provided on one side of the dynamic pressure ring (330) and a sliding ring (332) being slidably mounted thereon, the sliding ring (332) being in contact with one side of the expansion ring (340).

2. A gas-type high-sealed structure electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft rod (120) is a flexible coupling structure. A support seat is provided on the outside of the main shaft rod (120), and the upper and lower ends of the support seat are respectively fixedly connected to the surfaces of the electric main shaft (100) and the flange end cover (210).

3. The gas-type high-sealed structure electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing (240) is fixedly sleeved on the inner side of the sealing shaft sleeve (200), and the bearing (240) is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve (260) to realize rotation support of the shaft sleeve (260).

4. The gas-type high-sealed structure electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide sleeves for axial sliding of the dynamic pressure ring (330) are provided on both sides of the piston guide sleeve (310); the side of the dynamic pressure ring (330) facing the air distribution ring (320) is a planar structure.

5. The gas-type high-sealed structure electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding ring (332) is a component made of polytetrachloroethylene. The sliding ring (332) is embedded in the surface of the sliding groove (331) and the outer periphery thereof is in sliding contact with the inner side of the sealing sleeve (200).

6. The gas-type highly sealed electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust ring seat (250) located at both ends of the air pressure seal assembly (300) is provided on the inner side of the sealing shaft sleeve (200), an air gap for gas to pass through is provided between the exhaust ring seat (250) and the shaft sleeve tube (260), and a plurality of evenly distributed exhaust holes (230) are provided on the surface of the flange end cover (210).

7. The gas-type high-sealed structure electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion ring (340) is a rubber material component, and the inside of the expansion ring (340) is a cavity structure.

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