Floating type clamping device

Abstract

The utility model provides a floating type clamping device, and belongs to the technical field of machinery. The problem that a workpiece cannot be reliably and stably clamped after being used for a long time is solved. The clamping device comprises a connecting seat and clamping seats capable of getting close to each other or getting away from each other, clamping blocks are hinged to the opposite sides of the two clamping seats respectively, two elastic supporting pieces are fixed to each clamping seat, the two elastic supporting pieces on the same clamping seat are located on the two sides of the hinged point of the clamping blocks, the two clamping blocks are each provided with two obliquely-arranged stress faces, and the stress faces are arranged on the two sides of the stress faces. The inclination angles of the two stress faces on the same clamping block are the same, and the inclination directions are opposite. Each elastic supporting piece comprises a shell connected to the clamping base in a threaded mode in the transverse direction, a spring and a plunger, and the spring and the plunger are arranged in the shell. The plungers of the two elastic supporting pieces on the same clamping base abut against the two stress faces on the same clamping block under the action of the springs. The clamping mechanism has the advantages of being capable of reliably and stably clamping workpieces after being used for a long time, large in swing angle and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of machinery and relates to a floating clamping device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical parts processing, more and more workpieces have been automatically loaded and unloaded by robots to achieve fully automatic processing. However, for collet-type fixtures, in order to achieve automatic clamping, the robot needs to clamp the workpiece and put it through the inner hole of the workpiece to the outside of the fixture. However, due to the small gap between the fixture and the inner hole of the workpiece, and the rigid contact between the robot and the workpiece, it is difficult to accurately fit the workpiece onto the fixture.

[0003] To this end, the Chinese patent discloses a self-centering floating clamping device with application number 202020553589.9, which includes an angle opening and closing air jaw, the upper and lower ends of the angle opening and closing air jaw are respectively hinged with a jaw extension block, the upper jaw extension block and the lower jaw extension block are arranged opposite to each other up and down, and the angle opening and closing air jaw is driven and connected with the upper jaw extension block and the lower jaw extension block to realize opening and closing; the upper jaw extension block and the lower jaw extension block have an L-shaped space for accommodating the activity of the floating transition block, and a connecting plate is installed on the horizontal surface, and a pin is provided on the connecting plate. The pin shaft supports a freely rotatable floating transition block, and both the upper floating transition block and the lower floating transition block have a V-shaped groove. The V-shaped grooves of the upper floating transition block and the lower floating transition block are opposite to each other, forming a clamping space for clamping the product; a group of springs are arranged between the bottom surface of the upper floating transition block and the transverse surface of the upper clamping jaw extension block, one on the left and one on the right; a group of springs are arranged between the bottom surface of the lower floating transition block and the transverse surface of the lower clamping jaw extension block, one on the left and one on the right; clamping blocks are installed on the groove surfaces of the V-shaped grooves of the upper floating transition block and the V-shaped grooves of the lower floating transition block. The two floating transition blocks are clamped on both sides of the workpiece by the mutual approach of the two clamping jaw extension blocks, and the floating transition block can swing and form a floating structure with the setting of two springs. In the case that the angle of the workpiece to be set on the fixture is not so accurate, the floating transition block can be used to swing to adapt itself, thereby ensuring that the workpiece can be smoothly set on the fixture.

[0004] However, the elastic force of the spring acting on the floating transition block cannot be adjusted freely. If the same spring is always compressed during cyclic use, the elastic force of the spring will weaken after a long period of use. This will result in the elastic forces of the two springs acting on the same floating transition block in a natural state not being in a balanced state. In other words, the floating transition block is in a pendulum state even in a natural state, which will obviously affect the reliability of clamping the workpiece. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to solve the above problems existing in the prior art by proposing a floating clamping device, which solves the problem that workpieces cannot be clamped reliably and stably after long-term use.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The floating clamping device includes a connecting seat and a clamping seat that can move closer to or away from each other in a lateral direction. Clamping blocks are hinged on opposite sides of the two clamping seats. Two elastic support members are fixed on each clamping seat. The two elastic support members on the same clamping seat are simultaneously abutted against the clamping block and are located on both sides of the hinge point of the clamping block. It is characterized in that the two clamping blocks have two inclined force-bearing surfaces, the two force-bearing surfaces on the same clamping block have the same inclination angle and opposite inclination directions, the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces of one clamping block is opposite to the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces of the other clamping block, each elastic support member includes an outer shell threadedly connected to the clamping seat in a lateral direction and a spring and a plunger both arranged in the outer shell, and the plungers of the two elastic support members on the same clamping seat are respectively abutted against the two force-bearing surfaces on the same clamping block under the action of the spring.

[0008] The connecting seat is fixedly mounted on the end of the manipulator, and before clamping, the two clamping seats are in a position far away from each other in the transverse direction. When the workpiece needs to be clamped, the two clamping seats approach each other in the transverse direction and clamp the workpiece, and then the workpiece is installed on the fixture through the action of the manipulator. In the process of installing on the fixture, the inner hole of the fixture and the workpiece are matched. Since the gap between the inner hole of the fixture and the workpiece is very small, if the workpiece is subjected to resistance during the clamping process, the clamping block can be squeezed by the plunger to swing to form self-adaptation, so that the workpiece can be smoothly installed on the fixture. In this floating clamping device, by setting the elastic support member to include a shell and a spring and a plunger both arranged in the shell, the shell is threadedly connected with the clamping seat, so that when the elastic force of the spring is weakened, the position of the entire elastic support member in the transverse direction can be adjusted by rotating the shell to compensate for the weakening of the spring elastic force, so as to ensure that the elastic force of the two elastic support members acting on the same clamping block can be balanced in the absence of external force, thereby ensuring that the floating clamping device can still reliably and stably clamp the workpiece after long-term use.

[0009] In addition, the action position of the plunger is an inclined force-bearing surface. Since the two force-bearing surfaces on the same clamping block have the same inclination angle and opposite inclination directions, the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces of one clamping block is opposite to the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces of the other clamping block. This arrangement makes the actual swing angle of the clamping block larger.

[0010] In the above-mentioned floating clamping device, one end of the shell of the elastic support member has a mounting hole, the spring and the plunger are arranged in the mounting hole in sequence, and the other end of the shell of the elastic support member has a hexagonal connecting hole.

[0011] Specifically, the inner hexagonal wrench can be inserted into the connecting hole, and the outer hexagonal wrench can be rotated to drive the outer shell of the elastic support member to move along the thread in the lateral direction to change the position.

[0012] In the above-mentioned floating clamping device, both clamping seats have ear seats, and the clamping block has a hinged portion on the side facing away from the other clamping block. The hinged portion is hinged to the corresponding ear seat through a pin shaft, and the two force-bearing surfaces on the same clamping block are arranged on the hinged portion.

[0013] The two force-bearing surfaces of the same clamping block are arranged on the hinged part, so that after the hinged part and the ear seat are hinged, the plungers of the two elastic support members fixed on the clamping seat can directly abut against the two force-bearing surfaces respectively.

[0014] In the above-mentioned floating clamping device, the connecting seat is provided with two sliders along the horizontal direction, the clamping seat has a plate-like part 1 arranged along the horizontal direction and a plate-like part 2 perpendicular to the plate-like part 1, the ear seat is located on the plate-like part 2, the plate-like part 1 of the two clamping seats respectively abuts against the two sliders, the slider is provided with a threaded connection hole and a docking hole 1 in sequence along the vertical direction, the aperture of the docking hole 1 is larger than the threaded connection hole and the two are concentrically arranged, the plate-like part 1 is provided with a docking hole 2 and a through hole in sequence along the vertical direction, the aperture of the docking hole 2 is larger than the through hole and the two are concentrically arranged, the aperture of the docking hole 1 is the same as that of the docking hole 2, a positioning sleeve is provided between the plate-like part 1 and the corresponding slider, the positioning sleeve is fixed in the docking hole 1 and the docking hole 2 at the same time, the plate-like part 1 and the corresponding slider are fixed by screws that pass through the through hole and the inner hole of the positioning sleeve in sequence and are threadedly connected to the threaded connection hole.

[0015] The connecting seat and the two sliders actually constitute the existing parallel opening and closing type air gripper, and the two sliders are moved closer to or farther away from each other by pneumatic means. Normally, the aperture of the through hole should be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw, which makes it difficult to ensure the symmetry of the two clamping seats during installation. The floating clamping device is provided with a docking hole 1 on the slider and a docking hole 2 with the same aperture as the docking hole 1 on the plate-like portion 1. Before installation, the clamping seat is first docked with the corresponding slider by fixing the positioning sleeve on the docking hole 1 and the docking hole 2 at the same time, and then the clamping seat and the slider are further fixedly connected with screws. In this way, the installation error caused by the through hole diameter being slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw can be eliminated, and the symmetry of the two clamping seats after installation and fixation is ensured, thereby ensuring that the workpiece can be clamped stably and reliably.

[0016] In the above-mentioned floating clamping device, the two clamping blocks each have two inclined clamping surfaces, the two clamping surfaces and the two force-bearing surfaces on the same clamping block are parallel, and each clamping surface is fixedly connected with a flexible pad.

[0017] The flexible pad is fixedly connected to the clamping surface to avoid scratching the surface of the workpiece.

[0018] In the above-mentioned floating clamping device, the flexible pad is made of polyurethane material.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the floating clamping device has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. By configuring the elastic support member to include a shell threadedly connected to the clamping seat and a spring and a plunger both arranged in the shell, the position of the entire elastic support member in the lateral direction can be adjusted by rotating the shell to compensate for the weakening of the spring elastic force, so as to ensure that the elastic forces of the two elastic support members acting on the same clamping block can be balanced in the absence of external force, thereby ensuring that the floating clamping device can still reliably and stably clamp the workpiece after long-term use.

[0021] 2. By setting a docking hole 1 on the slider and a docking hole 2 with the same hole diameter as the docking hole 1 on the plate-shaped part 1, the clamping seat and the corresponding slider are docked by fixing the positioning sleeve on the docking hole 1 and the docking hole 2 at the same time before installation. This can eliminate the installation error caused by the through hole diameter being slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw, ensure the symmetry of the two clamping seats after installation and fixation, thereby ensuring that the workpiece can be clamped stably and reliably. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the floating clamping device.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the floating clamping device.

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0025] In the figure, 1, connecting seat; 2, sliding block; 2a, threaded connecting hole; 2b, docking hole 1; 3, clamping seat; 3a, plate-like part 1; 3a1, docking hole 2; 3a2, through hole; 3b, plate-like part 2; 3b1, ear seat; 4, clamping block; 4a, hinged part; 4a1, force-bearing surface; 4b, clamping surface; 5, elastic support member; 5a, outer shell; 5a1, connecting hole; 5b, spring; 5c, plunger; 6, pin; 7, positioning sleeve; 8, screw; 9, flexible pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the floating clamping device includes a parallel opening and closing type air gripper, which includes a connecting seat 1 and two slides 2 arranged on the connecting seat 1 in a transverse sliding manner, and the two slide blocks 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the clamping seats 3. The two clamping seats 3 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two clamping seats 3 are respectively hinged with clamping blocks 4 on the opposite sides. Two elastic support members 5 are fixed on each clamping seat 3, and the two elastic support members 5 on the same clamping seat 3 are simultaneously against the clamping block 4 and are located on both sides of the hinge point of the clamping block 4. Among them, the two clamping blocks 4 have two inclined force-bearing surfaces 4a1, and the two force-bearing surfaces 4a1 on the same clamping block 4 have the same inclination angle and opposite inclination directions, and the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces 4a1 of one clamping block 4 is opposite to the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces 4a1 of the other clamping block 4. Both clamping seats 3 have ear seats 3b1, and the clamping block 4 has a hinged portion 4a on the side facing away from the other clamping block 4. The hinged portion 4a is hinged to the corresponding ear seat 3b1 through a pin 6, and two force-bearing surfaces 4a1 on the same clamping block 4 are arranged on the hinged portion 4a. The ear seat 3b1 is actually composed of a pair of parallel lugs. The hinged portion 4a is placed between the two pairs of lugs and then the pin 6 is passed through the pair of lugs and the hinged portion 4a to form a hinge. Both clamping blocks 4 have two inclined clamping surfaces 4b. The two clamping surfaces 4b on the same clamping block 4 are parallel to the two force-bearing surfaces 4a1. Each clamping surface 4b is fixedly connected to a flexible pad 9, and the flexible pad 9 is specifically made of polyurethane material. In this embodiment, each elastic support member 5 includes a housing 5a threadedly connected to the clamping seat 3 in the transverse direction, and a spring 5b and a plunger 5c both disposed in the housing 5a. The plungers 5c of the two elastic support members 5 on the same clamping seat 3 respectively abut against the two force-bearing surfaces 4a1 on the same clamping block 4 under the action of the spring 5b. One end of the housing 5a of the elastic support member 5 has a mounting hole, and the spring 5b and the plunger 5c are sequentially disposed in the mounting hole. The other end of the housing 5a of the elastic support member 5 has a hexagonal connection hole 5a1, through which a hexagonal wrench can be matched to facilitate operation.

[0028] The connecting seat 1 is fixedly mounted on the end of the manipulator. Before clamping, the two clamping seats 3 are in a position away from each other in the lateral direction. When the workpiece needs to be clamped, the two clamping seats 3 are brought closer to each other in the lateral direction and clamp the workpiece, and then the workpiece is installed on the fixture through the action of the manipulator. During the installation process, the fixture matches the inner hole of the workpiece. Since the gap between the inner hole of the fixture and the workpiece is very small, if the workpiece encounters resistance during the clamping process, the clamping block 4 can squeeze the plunger 5c to swing to form self-adaptation, so that the workpiece can be smoothly installed on the fixture. In the present floating clamping device, the elastic support member 5 is configured to include an outer shell 5a and a spring 5b and a plunger 5c both disposed in the outer shell 5a, and the outer shell 5a is threadedly connected to the clamping seat 3. In this way, when the elastic force of the spring 5b weakens, the position of the entire elastic support member 5 along the lateral direction can be adjusted by rotating the outer shell 5a to compensate for the weakening of the elastic force of the spring 5b, so as to ensure that the elastic forces of the two elastic support members 5 acting on the same clamping block 4 can remain balanced in the absence of external force, thereby ensuring that the present floating clamping device can still reliably and stably clamp the workpiece after long-term use.

[0029] In addition, the action position of the plunger 5c is the inclined force-bearing surface 4a1. Since the two force-bearing surfaces 4a1 on the same clamping block 4 have the same inclination angle and opposite inclination directions, the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces 4a1 of one clamping block 4 is opposite to the direction of the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces 4a1 of the other clamping block 4. Such an arrangement makes the actual swing angle of the clamping block 4 larger.

[0030] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the clamping seat 3 has a plate-like portion 1 3a arranged in the transverse direction and a plate-like portion 2 3b perpendicular to the plate-like portion 1 3a, the ear seat 3b1 is located on the plate-like portion 2 3b, and the plate-like portions 1 3a of the two clamping seats 3 respectively abut against the two sliders 2 and are fixed thereto. Among them, the slider 2 is provided with a threaded connection hole 2a and a docking hole 2b in sequence along the vertical direction, the aperture of the docking hole 2b is larger than the threaded connection hole 2a and the two are concentrically arranged, the plate-like part 3a is provided with a docking hole 3a1 and a through hole 3a2 in sequence along the vertical direction, the aperture of the docking hole 3a1 is larger than the through hole 3a2 and the two are concentrically arranged, the aperture of the docking hole 2b is the same as that of the docking hole 3a1, a positioning sleeve 7 is provided between the plate-like part 3a and the corresponding slider 2, the positioning sleeve 7 is fixed in the docking hole 2b and the docking hole 3a1 at the same time, and the plate-like part 3a and the corresponding slider 2 are fixed by a screw 8 that passes through the through hole 3a2 and the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 7 in sequence and is threadedly connected to the threaded connection hole 2a.

[0031] Normally, the aperture of the through hole 3a2 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw 8, which makes it difficult to ensure the symmetry of the two clamping seats 3 during installation. The floating clamping device provides a docking hole 2b on the slider 2 and a docking hole 3a1 with the same aperture as the docking hole 2b on the plate-shaped portion 3a. Before installation, the clamping seat 3 is docked with the corresponding slider 2 by fixing the positioning sleeve 7 on the docking hole 2b and the docking hole 3a1 at the same time, and then the clamping seat 3 is further fixedly connected with the slider 2 by the screw 8. In this way, the installation error caused by the aperture of the through hole 3a2 being slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw 8 can be eliminated, and the symmetry of the two clamping seats 3 after installation and fixation is ensured, thereby ensuring that the workpiece can be clamped stably and reliably.

[0032] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A floating clamping device, comprising a connecting seat (1) and a clamping seat (3) that can move closer to or farther from each other in a transverse direction, wherein the two clamping seats (3) are respectively hinged with clamping blocks (4) on opposite sides, and each clamping seat (3) is fixed with two elastic supporting members (5), and the two elastic supporting members (5) on the same clamping seat (3) are simultaneously in contact with the clamping block (4) and are located on both sides of the hinge point of the clamping block (4), characterized in that: The two clamping blocks (4) each have two inclined force-bearing surfaces (4a1); the two force-bearing surfaces (4a1) on the same clamping block (4) have the same inclination angle and opposite inclination directions; the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces (4a1) of one clamping block (4) is opposite to the angle formed between the two force-bearing surfaces (4a1) of the other clamping block (4); each elastic support member (5) includes an outer shell (5a) threadedly connected to the clamping seat (3) in a transverse direction and a spring (5b) and a plunger (5c) both arranged in the outer shell (5a); the plungers (5c) of the two elastic support members (5) on the same clamping seat (3) respectively abut against the two force-bearing surfaces (4a1) on the same clamping block (4) under the action of the spring (5b).

2. The floating clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the shell (5a) of the elastic support member (5) has a mounting hole, and the spring (5b) and the plunger (5c) are arranged in sequence in the mounting hole. The other end of the shell (5a) of the elastic support member (5) has a hexagonal connection hole (5a1).

3. The floating clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Both clamping seats (3) have ear seats (3b1), and the clamping block (4) has a hinged portion (4a) on the side facing away from the other clamping block (4). The hinged portion (4a) is hingedly connected to the corresponding ear seat (3b1) through a pin shaft (6), and two force-bearing surfaces (4a1) on the same clamping block (4) are arranged on the hinged portion (4a).

4. The floating clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting seat (1) is provided with two sliders (2) in the horizontal direction, the clamping seat (3) has a plate-like portion (3a) arranged in the horizontal direction and a plate-like portion (3b) vertically abutting against the plate-like portion (3a), the ear seat (3b1) is located on the plate-like portion (3b), the plate-like portions (3a) of the two clamping seats (3) are respectively abutted against the two sliders (2), the sliders (2) are provided with threaded connection holes (2a) and docking holes (2b) in sequence in the vertical direction, the aperture of the docking holes (2b) is larger than that of the threaded connection holes (2a) and the two are arranged concentrically, the plate-like portion (3a) is arranged in sequence in the vertical direction A docking hole 2 (3a1) and a through hole (3a2) are provided. The diameter of the docking hole 2 (3a1) is larger than that of the through hole (3a2) and the two are arranged concentrically. The diameter of the docking hole 1 (2b) is the same as that of the docking hole 2 (3a1). A positioning sleeve (7) is provided between the plate-like portion 1 (3a) and the corresponding slider (2). The positioning sleeve (7) is fixed in the docking hole 1 (2b) and the docking hole 2 (3a1) at the same time. The plate-like portion 1 (3a) and the corresponding slider (2) are fixed by screws (8) which pass through the through hole (3a2) and the inner hole of the positioning sleeve (7) in sequence and are threadedly connected in the threaded connection hole (2a).

5. The floating clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two clamping blocks (4) each have two inclined clamping surfaces (4b); the two clamping surfaces (4b) and the two force-bearing surfaces (4a1) on the same clamping block (4) are parallel; and each clamping surface (4b) is fixedly connected to a flexible pad (9).

6. The floating clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flexible pad (9) is made of polyurethane material.

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