Four-wheel steering device for rapid turning of college student racing car
By designing a four-wheel steering device for college students' racing, the coordinated steering of the front and rear wheels is achieved, and the problem of racing cars losing control, colliding or rushing out of the track when passing through corners at high speed in the prior art is solved, improving the car's rapid cornering stability and racing results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421481925.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing racing steering system only uses front wheel steering and rear wheels are only responsible for driving, resulting in loss of control, collision or rushing out of the track when passing through corners at high speed, limiting the racing's ability to quickly turn.
A four-wheel steering device is designed to achieve coordinated steering of the front and rear wheels by setting up front and rear wheel steering mechanisms that control the deflection of the front and rear wheels in the same direction/reverse direction. Specifically, it includes a front wheel steering mechanism and a rear wheel steering mechanism. The front wheel steering mechanism is controlled by the steering wheel, and the rear wheel steering mechanism realizes the same or reverse deflection of the rear wheel through a steering motor, a trapezoidal disc and a steering motor controller.
It realizes different angles of deflection between the front and rear wheels in the same direction or in the opposite direction when the car is steering, improves the stability of the car when passing through the corner at high speed, avoids the risk of collision or rushing out of the track, shortens the time spent on the race, and improves the performance of the race.
Smart Images
Figure CN222663563U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of racing cars, in particular to a four-wheel steering device used for college racing cars to quickly turn. Background Art
[0002] The Chinese Formula Student Racing Competition is a high-speed racing sport. During the competition, the car needs to finish the track in the shortest time to get the best results. On the entire track, especially when the car passes through a bend at high speed, there is a phenomenon of losing control and colliding with cone barrels, and rushing out of the track. Therefore, how to make the car pass various bends quickly and stably is a key link in determining the final race results of the car. The existing steering system of the car only uses the front wheel steering, and the rear wheel is only responsible for driving. Such a steering system has certain limitations for the car to pass through the bend at high speed. Therefore, the present application proposes a four-wheel steering device for college students' racing cars to quickly turn, in which both the front and rear wheels can participate in steering. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make fast turns. The problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology are solved by setting a front and rear wheel steering mechanism that controls the front and rear wheels to deflect in the same direction / opposite direction.
[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
[0005] A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to quickly turn, comprising a steering wheel, a frame and a battery, wherein the frame is fixedly mounted with a battery box, the battery is placed in the battery box, and further comprising a front wheel steering mechanism and a rear wheel steering mechanism, wherein the front wheel steering mechanism and the rear wheel steering mechanism are respectively connected to and control the steering of the front and rear wheels;
[0006] The front wheel steering mechanism includes a bearing, a steering column, a universal joint, a steering transmission shaft, a gear, a rack, a first steering slide rail, a first steering tie rod, a left front wheel and a right front wheel; the front wheel steering mechanism is controlled by a steering wheel to control the deflection of the left front wheel and the right front wheel; the rear wheel steering mechanism includes a steering motor, a trapezoidal plate, a steering motor controller, a vehicle controller, a second steering slide rail, a second steering tie rod, a right rear wheel and a left rear wheel, and the output of the steering motor causes the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel to deflect in the same direction or in the opposite direction compared to the front wheels of the racing car, so that the racing car can turn more smoothly.
[0007] Furthermore, in the front-wheel steering mechanism, one end of the steering column is fixedly connected to the steering wheel, and the other end is rotatably connected to the steering drive shaft through a universal joint, and the two ends of the steering column are connected to the frame through bearings; a gear is provided at the end of the steering drive shaft away from the universal joint, and the gear is meshed with a rack, and the left and right ends of the rack are fixedly connected with a first steering rod, the first steering rod is limited in the first steering slide rail, and the other end of the first steering rod is respectively fixedly connected to the left front wheel and the right front wheel.
[0008] Furthermore, in the rear-wheel steering mechanism, the output end of the steering motor is fixedly connected to the trapezoidal disk, and the steering motor can drive the trapezoidal disk to swing. The left and right ends of the trapezoidal disk are connected to the second steering rod through a pin shaft. The second steering rod is limited in the second steering slide rail, and the other end is fixedly connected to the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel respectively through bolts.
[0009] Furthermore, the steering motor has a deceleration and torque increase mechanism, and the steering motor controller obtains the steering wheel rotation signal and vehicle speed information transmitted by the vehicle controller to control the rotation direction of the steering motor, thereby controlling the left and right sliding of the second steering rod.
[0010] As a preferred solution, the steering motor, the steering motor controller and the vehicle controller are fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame.
[0011] As a preferred solution, the first steering slide rail and the second steering slide rail are fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame, and the first steering tie rod and the second steering tie rod slide left and right in their corresponding slide rails respectively.
[0012] Furthermore, when the car is turning at a speed lower than 40 km / h, the car is passing through a large curvature curve at a low speed, and the front and rear wheels deflect at opposite angles.
[0013] Furthermore, when the car is turning at a speed higher than 40 km / h, the car is passing a small curvature curve at high speed, and at this time, the front and rear wheels have the same deflection angle.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0015] The utility model sets a rear-wheel steering mechanism, which includes a steering motor, a trapezoidal plate, a steering motor controller, a vehicle controller, a second steering slide rail, a second steering rod, a right rear wheel and a left rear wheel. The output of the steering motor makes the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel deflect in the same direction or in the opposite direction compared with the front wheel of the racing car. The utility model realizes different angles of deflection in the same direction or in the opposite direction between the front and rear wheels when the racing car is turned. When the racing car passes through a small curvature curve, the front and rear wheels deflect in the same direction at different angles, which effectively improves the stability of the racing car passing through the curve at high speed and avoids collision or running out of the track when passing through the curve quickly. When the racing car passes through a large curvature curve, the front and rear wheels deflect in opposite directions at different angles, which effectively reduces the turning radius of the racing car and realizes fast cornering. The utility model enables the racing car to pass through the curve in the track smoothly at the highest possible speed, shortens the race time, and improves the race results. Secondly, the rear wheel steering drive structure of the utility model is simple, occupies a small space inside the racing car, and is easy to arrange. The steering motor can drive the trapezoidal plate to swing, and the rotation direction of the steering motor can be controlled to control the left and right sliding of the second steering rod connected to the trapezoidal plate, thereby controlling the deflection angle of the rear wheel; the utility model requires a small number of parts and has a simple structure, thereby realizing four-wheel steering of the racing car. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front wheel steering mechanism of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rear wheel steering mechanism of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the trapezoidal plate of the utility model;
[0020] In the figure: 1, front wheel steering mechanism; 2, wheel; 3, steering wheel; 4, rear wheel steering mechanism; 5, frame; 6, battery box; 101, bearing; 102, steering column; 103, universal joint; 104, steering drive shaft; 105, gear; 106, rack; 107, first steering slide rail; 108, first steering rod; 201, right front wheel; 202, left front wheel; 203, right rear wheel; 204, left rear wheel; 401, steering motor; 402, trapezoidal plate; 403, steering motor controller; 404, vehicle controller; 405, second steering slide rail; 406, second steering rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the implementation manner of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0022] See also Figure 1-4 , this embodiment provides a technical solution:
[0023] A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make fast turns, comprising a steering wheel 3, a frame 5 and a battery, wherein the frame 5 is fixedly mounted with a battery box 6, wherein the battery is placed in the battery box 6, and further comprising a front wheel steering mechanism 1 and a rear wheel steering mechanism 4, wherein the front wheel steering mechanism 1 and the rear wheel steering mechanism 4 are respectively connected and control the steering of the front and rear wheels; the front wheel steering mechanism 1 comprises a bearing 101, a steering column 102, a universal joint 103, a steering transmission shaft 104, a gear 105, a rack 106, a first steering slide rail 107, and a first steering tie rod 108 , left front wheel 202 and right front wheel 201; the front wheel steering mechanism 1 is controlled by the steering wheel 3 to control the deflection of the left front wheel 202 and the right front wheel 201; the rear wheel steering mechanism 4 includes a steering motor 401, a trapezoidal plate 402, a steering motor controller 403, a vehicle controller 404, a second steering slide rail 405, a second steering rod 406, a right rear wheel 203 and a left rear wheel 204. The output of the steering motor 401 causes the left rear wheel 204 and the right rear wheel 203 to deflect in the same direction or in the opposite direction compared to the front wheels of the racing car, so that the racing car can turn more smoothly.
[0024] The utility model sets a rear wheel steering mechanism 4, which includes a steering motor 401, a trapezoidal plate 402, a steering motor controller 403, a vehicle controller 404, a second steering slide rail 405, a second steering tie rod 406, a right rear wheel 203 and a left rear wheel 204. The output of the steering motor 401 makes the left rear wheel 204 and the right rear wheel 203 deflect in the same direction or in the opposite direction compared with the front wheel of the racing car. The utility model realizes that the front and rear wheels deflect at different angles in the same direction or in the opposite direction when the racing car is turning. When the racing car passes through a small curvature curve, the front and rear wheels deflect at different angles in the same direction, which effectively improves the stability of the racing car passing through the curve at high speed and avoids collision or running out of the track when passing through the curve quickly. When the racing car passes through a large curvature curve, the front and rear wheels deflect at different angles in the opposite direction, which effectively reduces the turning radius of the racing car and realizes fast cornering. The utility model enables the racing car to pass through the curve in the track smoothly at the highest possible speed, shortens the race time, and improves the race results. Secondly, the rear wheel steering drive structure of the utility model is simple, occupies a small space inside the racing car, and is easy to arrange. The steering motor 401 can drive the trapezoidal disk 402 to swing, and the rotation direction of the steering motor 401 can be controlled to control the left and right sliding of the second steering rod 406 connected to the trapezoidal disk 402, thereby controlling the deflection angle of the rear wheel; the utility model requires a small number of parts and a simple structure to achieve four-wheel steering of the racing car.
[0025] In this embodiment, Figure 2As shown, the specific structure of the front-wheel steering mechanism 1 is as follows: one end of the steering column 102 is fixedly connected to the steering wheel 3, and the other end is rotatably connected to the steering transmission shaft 104 through a universal joint 103, and the two ends of the steering column 102 are connected to the frame 5 through bearings 101; a gear 105 is provided at one end of the steering transmission shaft 104 away from the universal joint 103, and the gear 105 is meshed with a rack 106, and the left and right ends of the rack 106 are fixedly connected with a first steering rod 108, the first steering rod 108 is limited in the first steering slide rail 107, and the other end of the first steering rod 108 is fixedly connected to the left front wheel 202 and the right front wheel 201 respectively.
[0026] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the specific structure of the rear wheel steering mechanism 4 is as follows: the output end of the steering motor 401 is fixedly connected to the trapezoidal disc 402, the steering motor 401 can drive the swing of the trapezoidal disc 402, the left and right ends of the trapezoidal disc 402 are connected to the second steering rod 406 through a pin, the second steering rod 406 is limited in the second steering slide rail 405, and the other end is fixedly connected to the left rear wheel 204 and the right rear wheel 203 through bolts; wherein, the narrower end (i.e., the lower end) of the trapezoidal disc 402 is connected to the steering motor 401, and the upper end is the wider end, and a second steering rod 406 is connected to the left and right wheels respectively, and the other end of the second steering rod 406 is connected to the left and right wheels. When the steering motor 401 receives the instruction from the steering motor controller 403, it will rotate a certain angle, and the trapezoidal disc 402 will also swing a certain angle, driving the left and right rods to move, and then pulling the rear wheel to rotate a certain angle, thereby realizing the deflection of the front and rear wheels of the racing car in the same direction or in the opposite direction.
[0027] In this embodiment, the steering motor 401 has a deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism, and the steering motor controller 403 obtains the steering wheel 3 rotation signal and vehicle speed information transmitted by the vehicle controller 404, thereby controlling the rotation direction of the steering motor 401, thereby controlling the left and right sliding of the second steering rod 406; the vehicle controller 404, the steering motor controller 403 and the steering motor 401 in this embodiment are all existing devices, and the vehicle controller 404 is the control center for the normal driving of the electric vehicle, which realizes the management of the battery system, the electric drive system, the thermal management system, etc. through the CAN / LIN bus or hard line. The steering motor controller 403 analyzes and processes the electrical signal transmitted by the vehicle controller 404, and then sends instructions to the steering motor 401 to control the motor operation, such as the ECU on the electric steering power motor of the car. The steering motor 401 can be an ordinary motor with deceleration and torque-increasing, that is, a motor that can convert the high-speed rotating input rotation into a low-speed and high-torque output transmission, such as the steering power motor on the car.
[0028] In order to further improve the structural stability of this embodiment, the steering motor 401 , the steering motor controller 403 and the vehicle controller 404 are fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame 5 .
[0029] In order to further improve the structural stability of this embodiment, the first steering slide rail 107 and the second steering slide rail 405 are fixedly installed on the frame 5, and the first steering rod 108 and the second steering rod 406 slide left and right in their corresponding slide rails respectively.
[0030] In this embodiment, the four-wheel steering of the racing car is divided into two situations, namely, passing a large curvature curve at a low speed and passing a small curvature curve at a high speed. Among them, passing a large curvature curve at a low speed is specifically as follows: when the racing car is turning at a speed lower than 40km / h, the racing car is passing a large curvature curve at a low speed, and the deflection angles of the front and rear wheels are reversed at this time; the steering motor controller 403 makes a judgment through the steering wheel 3 rotation signal and the vehicle speed information transmitted from the vehicle controller 404. When the steering wheel 3 turns left and the racing car turns left, the steering motor controller 403 sends a control instruction to the steering motor 401, and the motor transmits power to the trapezoidal disc 402 after deceleration and torque increase, driving the trapezoidal disc 402 to deflect toward the right rear wheel 203, thereby pushing the second steering rod 406 connected to the right rear wheel 203 to move along the second steering slide rail 405, and at the same time pulling the second steering rod 406 connected to the left rear wheel 204 to move along the second steering slide rail 405, thereby realizing the right turn of the rear wheel. Similarly, when the steering wheel 3 turns right and the racing car turns right, the steering motor controller 403 sends a control command to the steering motor 401, and the motor transmits power to the trapezoidal plate 402 after deceleration and torque increase, driving the trapezoidal plate 402 to deflect toward the left rear wheel 204, thereby pushing the second steering rod 406 connected to the left rear wheel 204 to move along the second steering slide rail 405, and at the same time pulling the second steering rod 406 connected to the right rear wheel 203 to move along the second steering slide rail 405, thereby realizing the left turn of the rear wheels.
[0031] The details of passing a large curvature curve at high speed are as follows: when the racing car is passing a curve with a speed higher than 40 km / h, the racing car is passing a small curvature curve at high speed, and the deflection angles of the front and rear wheels are in the same direction; the steering motor controller 403 makes a judgment through the steering wheel 3 rotation signal and the vehicle speed information transmitted from the vehicle controller 404. When the steering wheel 3 turns left and the racing car turns left, the steering motor controller 403 sends a control instruction to the steering motor 401. After deceleration and torque increase, the motor transmits power to the trapezoidal disk 402, driving the trapezoidal disk 402 to deflect toward the left rear wheel 204, thereby pushing the second steering rod 406 connected to the left rear wheel 204 to move along the second steering slide rail 405, and at the same time pulling the second steering rod 406 connected to the right rear wheel 203 to move along the second steering slide rail 405, thereby realizing the left turn of the rear wheel. Similarly, when the steering wheel 3 turns right, the steering motor controller 403 sends a control instruction to the steering motor 401, and the motor transmits power to the trapezoidal disk 402 after deceleration and torque increase, driving the trapezoidal disk 402 to deflect toward the right rear wheel 203, thereby pushing the second steering rod 406 connected to the right rear wheel 203 to move along the second steering slide rail 405, and at the same time pulling the second steering rod 406 connected to the left rear wheel 204 to move along the second steering slide rail 405, thereby realizing a right turn of the rear wheels.
[0032] The above is a preferred implementation mode of the present invention, but the implementation mode of the present invention is not limited by the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make fast turns, comprising a steering wheel, a frame and a battery, wherein a battery box is fixedly mounted on the frame, and the battery is placed in the battery box, characterized in that: The vehicle also includes a front wheel steering mechanism and a rear wheel steering mechanism, which are respectively connected to and control the steering of the front and rear wheels; the front wheel steering mechanism includes a bearing, a steering column, a universal joint, a steering transmission shaft, a gear, a rack, a first steering slide rail, a first steering tie rod, a left front wheel and a right front wheel; the front wheel steering mechanism is controlled by a steering wheel to control the deflection of the left front wheel and the right front wheel; the rear wheel steering mechanism includes a steering motor, a trapezoidal plate, a steering motor controller, a vehicle controller, a second steering slide rail, a second steering tie rod, a right rear wheel and a left rear wheel, and the output of the steering motor causes the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel to deflect in the same direction or in the opposite direction compared to the front wheels of the racing car, so that the racing car can turn more smoothly.
2. A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make quick turns according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the front-wheel steering mechanism, one end of the steering column is fixedly connected to the steering wheel, and the other end is rotatably connected to the steering transmission shaft through a universal joint. The two ends of the steering column are connected to the frame through bearings; a gear is provided at the end of the steering transmission shaft away from the universal joint, and the gear is meshed with a rack. The left and right ends of the rack are fixedly connected with a first steering rod, the first steering rod is limited in the first steering slide rail, and the other end of the first steering rod is fixedly connected to the left front wheel and the right front wheel respectively.
3. A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make quick turns according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the rear wheel steering mechanism, the output end of the steering motor is fixedly connected to the trapezoidal disk, and the steering motor can drive the trapezoidal disk to swing. The left and right ends of the trapezoidal disk are connected to the second steering rod through a pin shaft. The second steering rod is limited in the second steering slide rail, and the other end is fixedly connected to the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel respectively through bolts.
4. A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make quick turns according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steering motor has a deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism, and the steering motor controller obtains the steering wheel rotation signal and vehicle speed information transmitted by the vehicle controller to control the rotation direction of the steering motor, thereby controlling the left and right sliding of the second steering rod.
5. A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make quick turns according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering motor, the steering motor controller and the vehicle controller are fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame.
6. A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make quick turns according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first steering slide rail and the second steering slide rail are fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame, and the first steering tie rod and the second steering tie rod slide left and right in their corresponding slide rails respectively.
7. A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make quick turns according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the car is turning at a speed lower than 40km / h, it is passing a curve with a large curvature at a low speed, and the front and rear wheels deflect in opposite angles.
8. A four-wheel steering device for college racing cars to make quick turns according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the car is turning at a speed higher than 40km / h, the car is passing a small curvature curve at high speed, and the front and rear wheels deflect in the same direction.