Simulation system for influence of atmospheric environment exposure on activity of biological aerosol

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biological aerosol, and discloses a system for simulating the influence of atmospheric environment exposure on the activity of biological aerosol. The simulation system comprises a biological aerosol generation device, a biological aerosol exposure device and a sampling device which are connected in sequence, the biological aerosol generating device consists of an air compressor, a pressure reducing valve, a flow controller, an air filter and a biological aerosol generator which are connected in sequence; the biological aerosol exposure device comprises a balance chamber, an atmospheric pollutant generator and an atmospheric pollutant concentration detector; and a fan and a probe of an atmospheric pollutant concentration detector are arranged in the balance chamber. A sampling port is formed in the side face of the bottom of the balance cavity and sequentially connected to a drying pipe and a tail gas pump through a sampling device. The simulation system disclosed by the utility model is convenient to sample, good in sealing performance and convenient to adjust and control, can be used for constructing a relevant model of the biological aerosol exposed cells, and provides a technical basis for research on biological aerosol control and human health risk assessment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of bioaerosols, and more specifically, relates to a simulation system for the influence of atmospheric environment exposure on the activity of bioaerosols. Background Art

[0002] Air pollution has posed a huge threat to human health. Poor air quality is the world's largest environmental health risk. According to reports, about 4.3 million people die each year due to air pollution. Bioaerosols are a very important pollutant in air pollution. Their particle size generally ranges from 0.001μm to 100μm. Due to their generally small particle size, they generally stay longer in the air during transmission, which greatly increases the degree and probability of damage to human health, causing up to 34% of indoor air pollution. After bioaerosols spread through the atmosphere, they will be inhaled by the human body and reach different human organs such as the nasal mucosa, bronchi, and lungs. Exposure to them is related to asthma, lung cancer, respiratory diseases, etc. Therefore, the complex characteristic changes of bioaerosols during transmission have become the focus of many researchers.

[0003] During the process of bioaerosol propagation and diffusion, some bioaerosols will gradually lose their activity over time, and they are directly related to many environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, ozone, light and other factors, which will affect the activity of bioaerosols. Due to the complexity of the atmospheric environment, the study of changes in bioaerosol activity has become very difficult. However, there are currently few system equipment used to simulate the impact of the atmospheric environment on the activity of bioaerosols, and most of them are concentrated on the two factors of temperature and humidity. Therefore, focusing on the atmospheric environmental factor of atmospheric pollutants, it is urgent to design a balance chamber that can be used to simulate bioaerosol exposure in an atmospheric pollutant environment, a system that controls variable atmospheric environmental conditions, and the mechanism of environmental factors affecting the activity of bioaerosols. The impact of exposure to atmospheric pollutants in the atmospheric environment on the activity of bioaerosols, and the evaluation of the mechanism of changes in bioaerosol activity after exposure are of great practical significance for the prediction and blocking of respiratory infectious diseases. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies and shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a simulation system for the effect of atmospheric environment exposure on bioaerosol activity. The simulation system focuses on the environmental factors of atmospheric pollutants, and can be used to simulate the equilibrium chamber for bioaerosol exposure in an atmospheric pollutant environment, study the effect of atmospheric pollutant exposure on bioaerosol activity in the atmospheric environment, evaluate the mechanism of change in bioaerosol activity after exposure, simulate and study the occurrence and dynamic balance of various bioaerosols, and quickly adjust the atmospheric pollutant concentration of the system to achieve the study of real-time changes in bioactive substances on bioaerosols.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A simulation system for the effect of atmospheric environment exposure on bioaerosol activity, the system comprises a bioaerosol generating device, a bioaerosol exposure device and a sampling device connected in sequence; the bioaerosol generating device is composed of an air compressor, a pressure reducing valve, a high-efficiency air filter, a flow controller and a bioaerosol generator connected in sequence, the bioaerosol generator is used to atomize a microbial sample solution into bioaerosol; the bioaerosol exposure device is composed of a balance chamber, an atmospheric pollutant generator, a gas flow meter and an atmospheric pollutant concentration detector, the balance chamber is connected to the bioaerosol generator and the gaseous oxide generator, the detection head of the atmospheric pollutant concentration detector is arranged at the top of the balance chamber, and is used to monitor and control the atmospheric pollutant concentration in real time, a sampling port is arranged on the side of the bottom of the balance chamber, and is connected to the sampling device through a bend pipe and a microporous nozzle, and the sampling device is connected to a drying pipe and an exhaust pump in sequence.

[0007] Furthermore, a first air inlet and a second air inlet are provided on the top of the balancing chamber, the first air inlet is connected to the bioaerosol generator, and the second air inlet is connected to the atmospheric pollutant generator, so that the bioaerosol and the atmospheric pollutants are mixed in the balancing chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the sampling device is a plurality of liquid impact sampling bottles connected in series, and the bent pipe is an arc-shaped right-angle bent pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, a magnetic fan is provided at the bottom of the balancing chamber, and an anti-stick coating is provided on the surface of the fan.

[0010] Furthermore, the top and front of the balancing chamber are both pressed tightly against the top cover and the side door on the front by pressure clamps; the bottoms of the top cover and the side door are both equipped with foam sealing strips.

[0011] Furthermore, the atmospheric pollutant generator is an ozone generator, a nitrogen oxide generator or a sulfur dioxide generator.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The simulation system of the utility model can realize real-time monitoring and adjustment of the concentration of atmospheric pollutants in the equilibrium chamber through the bioaerosol exposure device, which is convenient for simulating the state in which bioaerosols are affected by atmospheric pollutants in the environment during atmospheric propagation.

[0014] 2. The simulation system of the utility model can quickly adjust the atmospheric pollutants in the balance chamber in real time (O 3 、NO X 、SO 2 The concentration of environmental factors (such as toxicity, toxicity, etc.) can be used to simulate the changes in bioaerosol activity during atmospheric transmission, exposure health, and prevention and control.

[0015] 3. The sampling device of the simulation system of the utility model can eliminate the problem of secondary aerosol overflow, can increase the concentration of bioaerosol in the sampled liquid, and facilitate the subsequent analysis and detection of liquid samples.

[0016] 4. The simulation system of the atmospheric environment effect on the bioaerosol activity of the utility model is easy to operate, and the experimental results obtained are accurate and intuitive.

[0017] 5. The simulation system of the utility model can change the types of microorganisms in the equilibrium chamber, the types of pollutants in the atmospheric environment, the exposure time, the exposure concentration, etc., so as to explore the damage and impact mechanism of pathogenic microbial aerosols after exposure to atmospheric environmental conditions, as well as quantitative analysis of the concentration and related activity of biological aerosols in the equilibrium chamber, study and evaluate the changes in the health effects of biological aerosols after exposure, and reveal the changes in the susceptibility of the human body to pathogenic microbial aerosols in different activity states. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the simulation system for the effect of the atmospheric environment on the activity of bioaerosols of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the changes in bacterial aerosol concentration before and after ozone exposure treatment at different concentrations and times in Application Example 1.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a concentration diagram for quantitative detection of the number of live cells in bioaerosols after exposure stimulation using the PMA-qPCR quantitative analysis method in Application Example 2.

[0021] The markings in the diagram are explained as follows: 1-air compressor, 2-pressure reducing valve, 3-high efficiency air filter, 4-flow controller, 5-bioaerosol generator, 6-balance chamber, 7-atmospheric pollutant concentration detector, 8-fan, 9-gas flow meter, 10-atmospheric pollutant generator, 11-liquid impact sampling bottle, 12-drying tube, 13-exhaust pump, 14-side door, 15-top cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The content of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but it should not be understood as limiting the utility model. If not specifically indicated, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0023] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A simulation system for the effects of atmospheric environmental exposure on bioaerosol activity, such as Figure 1As shown, the system includes a bioaerosol generating device, a bioaerosol exposure device and a sampling device connected in sequence; the bioaerosol generating device is composed of an air compressor 1, a pressure reducing valve 2, a high-efficiency air filter 3, a flow controller 4 and a bioaerosol generator 5 connected in sequence, and the bioaerosol generator 5 is used to atomize the microbial sample solution into a bioaerosol; the bioaerosol exposure device is composed of an atmospheric pollutant generator 10, a gas flow meter 9 and an atmospheric pollutant concentration detector 7, and a first air inlet and a second air inlet are provided on the top of the balancing chamber 6, the first air inlet is connected to the bioaerosol generator 5, and the second air inlet is connected to the atmospheric pollutant generator 10, so that the bioaerosol and the atmospheric pollutants are mixed in the balancing chamber 6, and the balancing chamber 6 A detection head of an atmospheric pollutant concentration detector 7 is provided at the top of the chamber, which is used for real-time monitoring and regulation of the atmospheric pollutant concentration in the balance chamber 6. A magnetic fan 8 is provided at the bottom of the balance chamber 6. The surface of the fan blades of the fan 8 is provided with an anti-stick coating, which is used to evenly distribute the bioaerosol. A sampling port is provided on the bottom side of the balance chamber 6, which is connected to the sampling device through a bend and a microporous nozzle. The sampling device consists of a number of sampling bottles 11 connected in series. The sampling bottle 11 is filled with physiological saline. The bioaerosol is converted into a powerful jet through the microporous nozzle. The aerosol particles are dissolved in physiological saline and collected as the sampling liquid. The bend is an arc-shaped right-angle bend, which can better simulate the obstruction of the human upper respiratory tract to aerosol particles. The sampling bottle 11 is connected to a drying tube 12 and an exhaust pump 13 in sequence.

[0026] After the air compressor 1 pumps in air, it is adjusted to a suitable air pressure through the pressure reducing valve 2, and then the dust, microorganisms and other pollutants in the air are filtered out through the air filter 3 to avoid contamination of the bioaerosol in the balance chamber 6, and the flow controller 4 adjusts the required air volume. The filtered dry air is transported to the bioaerosol generator 5. The bioaerosol generator 5 evenly disperses the bacterial liquid containing pathogenic microorganisms (the pathogenic microorganisms are Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens or Streptococcus pneumoniae) into the clean air to form an active bioaerosol while maintaining biological activity. The generated bioaerosol is passed into the balance chamber 6. The bioaerosol generator 5 can also adjust the particle size distribution and concentration of the bioaerosol in the balance chamber 6. The bioaerosol exposure device can adjust the concentration of atmospheric pollutants in the balance chamber 6. The fan 8 at the bottom allows the aerosol in the balance chamber 6 to flow evenly, avoiding large differences in parameters such as the aerosol concentration and the concentration of atmospheric pollutants (such as ozone) at different positions in the balance chamber 6. The operation of the entire device is controlled and adjusted, and is used for research on the activity changes of bioaerosols exposed to environmental parameters with different concentrations of atmospheric pollutants (ozone, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, etc.), exposure health risks, and prevention and control of bioaerosols during atmospheric propagation.

[0027] The gas flow meter 9 adjusts the flow rate of the atmospheric pollutants entering the balancing chamber 6. The detection head of the atmospheric pollutant concentration detector 7 is arranged inside the balancing chamber 6. The concentration of the atmospheric pollutants in the balancing chamber 6 is monitored and regulated in real time through the monitoring display screen. By controlling the flow rate and time of the atmospheric pollutants, the concentration of the atmospheric pollutants in the balancing chamber 6 is adjusted to be stable and balanced.

[0028] A magnetic fan 8 is provided at the bottom of the balance chamber 6, and an anti-stick coating is provided on the surface of the blades of the magnetic fan 8. The magnetic fan 8 can prevent the bioaerosol from settling naturally in the balance chamber, so that it can be kept in a uniformly suspended state, and avoid excessive microorganisms settling and adhering to the surface of the fan 8 due to long-term experiments, so that the bioaerosol is more evenly distributed in the balance chamber 6, which is convenient for subsequent sampling and analysis of the bioaerosol.

[0029] The sampling bottle 11 is a liquid impact sampler, which samples the secondary bioaerosol generated during the bioaerosol collection process. After the sampling is completed, the sampling liquids in several sampling bottles 11 are mixed evenly before subsequent analysis and detection. This can effectively increase the concentration of bioaerosols in the sampling liquid, facilitate subsequent detection and analysis, and systematically explore the impact mechanism of atmospheric environmental exposure on bioaerosol activity.

[0030] The top and front of the balancing chamber 6 are both pressed tightly with a top cover 15 and a side door 14 on the front by pressure clamps; the bottoms of the top cover 15 and the side door 14 are both equipped with foam sealing strips to ensure that the entire balancing chamber is well sealed; the top cover 15 and the side door 14 can be opened at will, which is convenient for cleaning the inside of the balancing chamber 6 and the corresponding modifications and adjustments required.

[0031] Application Example 1

[0032] This application example uses the simulation system provided in Example 1 for sampling and analysis, and selects Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens or Streptococcus pneumoniae from pathogenic microorganisms as sample strains, which are atomized into pathogenic microorganism aerosols and then enter the equilibrium chamber 6, where the activity changes of the bioaerosols after being exposed to ozone during atmospheric propagation are simulated:

[0033] 1. Select one of the pathogenic microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Streptococcus pneumoniae as the sample strain, and obtain the OD value after appropriate amplification and culture. 600 The high concentration bacterial liquid is 1.0 to 1.2. 20 to 50 mL of bacterial liquid containing pathogenic microorganisms is taken in the clean workbench and transferred to the sterilized bioaerosol generator 5. After sealing, it is transferred and waits for the next gas line connection operation.

[0034] 2. Fix the bioaerosol generator 5 containing pathogenic microorganism generating liquid horizontally on the base, adjust the relative height between the internal air flow nozzle of the bioaerosol generator 5 and the liquid level of the generating liquid, then connect it to the air circuit and check the air tightness and pipeline flow. After the inspection is correct, the aerosol generating procedure can be carried out.

[0035] 3. After the bioaerosol generator 5 works for 10 to 30 minutes, it is turned off and the bioaerosol flow rate is adjusted to 10 to 15 L / min to enter the equilibrium chamber 6 to form a dynamic equilibrium. Then, the environmental factor exposure stimulation is carried out in the closed equilibrium chamber 6, the ozone volume concentration is adjusted to 0 to 2 ppm, and the exposure time is gradually extended by 0 to 1 hour.

[0036] 4. After the exposure stimulation is completed, the vacuum pump 13 is turned on to collect the bioaerosol in the equilibrium chamber 6 after the exposure stimulation. The air flow rate is adjusted to 5-10 L / min. After sampling for 10-20 minutes, the sample liquids in the two liquid impact sampling bottles 11 are collected and mixed. Then the sample liquid is diluted with physiological saline to a concentration of 10 0 , 10 -1 , 10 -2 , 10 -3 , 10 -4 and 10 -5 ), take 100 μL of the vortex-mixed sampling solution, spread it on the agar plate and place it in a constant temperature incubator at 37°C for 24 hours for preliminary counting, and then incubate it for another 24 to 48 hours for additional counting. The bacterial concentration in the collected aerosol sample is obtained according to the calculation formula:

[0037]

[0038] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the changes in bacterial aerosol concentration before and after ozone exposure at different concentrations and times in Application Example 1. Figure 2 It can be seen that the concentration of bacterial aerosol in the balance chamber 6 does not change significantly with the increase of residence time when no ozone exposure stimulation is introduced, indicating that the balance chamber 6 has a good balance effect on bioaerosols and its airtightness can fully meet the experimental requirements. At this time, the gradual decrease in bacterial concentration is attributed to factors such as the shortage of nutrients in the bacteria themselves or natural sedimentation in the balance box, rather than the oppression damage caused by environmental changes in the balance chamber 6. In addition, after the introduction of ozone of different concentrations, the concentration of bacterial aerosol in the balance chamber 6 gradually decreases with the increase of ozone concentration, and the concentration gradually decreases with the increase of ozone exposure time, indicating that ozone can reduce the activity of bioaerosols in this system, and better simulates the effect of ozone on the activity of bioaerosols during atmospheric transmission.

[0039] Application Example 2

[0040] The difference from Application Example 1 is that the activity analysis method of this application example is to start the vacuum pump 13 to collect the bioaerosol exposed and stimulated in the equilibrium chamber 6 after the exposure stimulation is completed, adjust the air flow rate to 0-10L / min, and after sampling for 0-20 minutes, collect and mix the sampled liquids in the two liquid impact sampling bottles 11, take 0-1mL of the sampled liquid into a centrifuge tube, add propidium bromide azide (PMA) dye, and culture in the dark for 0-20 minutes. Culture on a shaker, and cover the centrifuge tube with tin foil to achieve optimal mixing. The sample is exposed to light to crosslink PMA with DNA, and finally centrifuged for several minutes to form granular cells.

[0041] DNA was extracted using the Ezup Column Bacterial Genomic DNA Extraction Kit, and then the primers for the genomic DNA target were selected for qPCR. A standard curve was run from the known number of cells, and DNA was diluted within the predetermined linear range of the qPCR assay to construct the standard curve. Finally, the Ct value in the qPCR result was substituted into the standard curve for quantitative calculation of live bacteria. Figure 3 This is a concentration diagram for quantitative detection of the number of live cells in bioaerosols after exposure stimulation using the PMA-qPCR quantitative analysis method in Application Example 2. Figure 3 It can be seen that the PMA-qPCR results are basically consistent with the dilution plate results. The experiment also found that ozone has a reducing effect on the activity of bioaerosols during atmospheric transmission, and the residence time in the equilibrium box also has a corresponding degree of reduction in its activity. This shows that the system can be used to simulate the influence of atmospheric environmental factors on the activity of bioaerosols during the transmission process.

[0042] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation system for the effect of atmospheric environmental exposure on bioaerosol activity, characterized in that: The system comprises a bioaerosol generating device, a bioaerosol exposure device and a sampling device which are connected in sequence; the bioaerosol generating device comprises an air compressor (1), a pressure reducing valve (2), a high efficiency air filter (3), a flow controller (4) and a bioaerosol generator (5) which are connected in sequence, and the bioaerosol generator (5) is used to atomize a microorganism sample solution into bioaerosol; the bioaerosol exposure device comprises a balance chamber (6), an atmospheric pollutant generator (10), a gas flow meter (9) and an atmospheric pollutant concentration detector (7); the balance chamber (6) is connected to the bioaerosol generator (5) and the atmospheric pollutant generator (10); the detection head of the atmospheric pollutant concentration detector (7) is arranged at the top of the balance chamber (6) and is used to monitor and control the concentration of atmospheric pollutants in real time; a sampling port is arranged on the bottom side of the balance chamber (6) and is connected to the sampling device through a bend pipe and a micro-hole nozzle; the sampling device is connected to a drying tube (12) and an exhaust gas pump (13) in sequence.

2. The simulation system for the effect of atmospheric environment exposure on bioaerosol activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the balancing chamber (6) is provided with a first air inlet and a second air inlet, the first air inlet is connected to the bioaerosol generator (5), and the second air inlet is connected to the atmospheric pollutant generator (10), so that the bioaerosol and the atmospheric pollutants are mixed in the balancing chamber (6).

3. The simulation system for the effect of atmospheric environment exposure on bioaerosol activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling device is a plurality of liquid impact sampling bottles (11) connected in series, and the bent pipe is an arc-shaped right-angle bent pipe.

4. The simulation system for the effect of atmospheric environment exposure on bioaerosol activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan (8) is provided at the bottom of the balancing chamber (6), and an anti-stick coating is provided on the surface of the fan (8).

5. The simulation system for the effect of atmospheric environment exposure on bioaerosol activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and front of the balancing chamber (6) are both pressed tightly against the top cover (15) and the side door (14) on the front by pressure clamps; the bottoms of the top cover (15) and the side door (14) are both equipped with foam sealing strips.

6. The simulation system for the effect of atmospheric environment exposure on bioaerosol activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atmospheric pollutant generator (10) is an ozone generator, a nitrogen oxide generator or a sulfur dioxide generator.

Images