Laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive material

Abstract

The utility model discloses a laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive materials, the laser powder feeding cladding head comprises a cladding head body, a laser chamber and a plurality of powder conveying conduits, the laser chamber is located at the axis opening of the cladding head body and penetrates from the top end of the cladding head body to the bottom end of the cladding head body; a laser cavity is formed in the cladding head body, a plurality of guide pipe containing channels are formed in the cladding head body, the guide pipe containing channels surround the outer side of the laser cavity and are obliquely arranged relative to the laser cavity, each powder conveying guide pipe is movably arranged in the corresponding guide pipe containing channel of the cladding head body, and a powder outlet of each powder conveying guide pipe is provided with an inclined face structure. By manually adjusting the powder conveying guide pipe, the spraying force direction of the powder feeding port of the powder conveying guide pipe can be changed, the purpose of adjusting the butt joint angle of the powder outlet and the laser beam of the laser cavity is achieved, powder can be effectively controlled, and the phenomenon that the powder blocks a nozzle due to high temperature is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additives. Background Art

[0002] Most of the core components of high-end equipment are moving parts. As mechanical parts are used for a long time, their surfaces will suffer from some damage such as wear, corrosion, oxidation, etc., which will cause damage or even failure of core key components, threatening the normal operation of high-end equipment and causing a large number of expensive core components of high-end equipment to be scrapped, resulting in huge economic losses, waste of resources and energy.

[0003] In order to prevent the core key components from being scrapped, it is necessary to take necessary strengthening measures on the surface of the components to improve the wear resistance. At present, laser cladding additive technology is usually used to protect the surface of the components. Laser cladding additive manufacturing technology uses synchronous laser cladding equipment to synchronously clad powder or wire cladding materials on the substrate through the nozzle and laser. It can achieve rapid repair of material parts, extend their service life, and reduce maintenance costs. It can be used in various industrial technology fields and has very important technical prospects.

[0004] Existing synchronous laser cladding equipment usually uses a synchronous laser powder feeding head, which usually emits a laser beam through a laser channel to achieve powder convergence through powder feeding channels symmetrically distributed along the same central axis of the laser channel, so that the laser and powder converge on the same axis.

[0005] The existing synchronous laser powder feeding head will cause its temperature to be too high after long-term efficient operation. The laser reflected from the cladding layer will directly irradiate the powder outlet, causing the powder to melt and easily block the outlet. The powder cannot be fed and stops working. In addition, the angle of the powder outlet is not suitable during the powder conveying process of the synchronous laser powder feeding head, and the powder needs to be driven by gas during the spraying process, which can easily lead to the powder being easily dispersed during the spraying, unable to gather efficiently, and gathering unevenly, which can easily lead to uneven base layer of laser cladding, poor flattening effect, and aggravated powder waste, and cannot meet the laser cladding additive process requirements of some high-end equipment parts. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a laser powder feeding cladding head in view of the defects of the prior art, in which a powder delivery conduit is arranged on the cladding head body, the powder outlet of each powder delivery conduit adopts an inclined structure design, the angle of powder injection can be adjusted by adjusting the powder delivery conduit, the position of the powder delivery outlet can be adjusted by cooperating with the laser beam, and the blockage of powder caused by high temperature can be reduced.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive, comprising a laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive of a workpiece, the laser powder feeding cladding head comprising a cladding head body, a laser chamber, and a plurality of powder conveying conduits, the laser chamber being located at an axial center opening of the cladding head body and penetrating from the top end to the bottom end of the cladding head body, a plurality of conduit accommodating channels being formed inside the cladding head body, the plurality of conduit accommodating channels being surrounded by the outside of the laser chamber and being arranged obliquely relative to the laser chamber, each powder conveying conduit being movably built into each conduit accommodating channel of the cladding head body, and a powder outlet of each powder conveying conduit being provided with an inclined surface structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the inclined surface structure of the powder outlet of the powder conveying conduit is parallel to the direction of the laser beam emitted from the laser chamber and perpendicular to the cladding layer of the workpiece.

[0010] Furthermore, the laser chamber is arranged vertically.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of cooling liquid chambers are provided inside the cladding head body, and the plurality of cooling liquid chambers are distributed outside the laser chamber at intervals and wrapped around the outside of the catheter accommodating channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the top of the cladding head body is provided with a plurality of injection holes having the same number as the cooling liquid chambers, each cooling liquid chamber of the cladding head body is communicated with each injection hole, and the plurality of conduit accommodating channels are surrounded by the plurality of cooling liquid chambers.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing cover is connected to the top of the liquid injection hole.

[0014] Furthermore, a laser generator is connected above the axial center opening of the cladding head body.

[0015] Furthermore, the powder conveying conduit is made of high temperature resistant hard alloy.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The laser powder feeding cladding head of the utility model comprises a cladding head body, a laser chamber, and a plurality of powder delivery conduits. The laser chamber is located at the axial center opening of the cladding head body and penetrates from the top end to the bottom end of the cladding head body. A plurality of conduit accommodating channels are formed inside the cladding head body. The plurality of conduit accommodating channels surround the outside of the laser chamber and are inclined relative to the laser chamber. Each powder delivery conduit can be movably built into each conduit accommodating channel of the cladding head body, and a powder outlet of each powder delivery conduit is provided with an inclined surface structure. The utility model adopts an inclined surface structure design for the powder outlet of each powder conveying conduit, so that when the powder outlet of the powder conveying conduit is subjected to the gas impact force, the inclined surface structure can ensure that the force and self-weight exerted on the powder can be gathered in the laser beam, so that the powder grabbing rate is improved. By manually adjusting the powder conveying conduit, the spraying force direction of the powder outlet of the powder conveying conduit can be changed, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the angle of connection between the powder outlet and the laser beam of the laser chamber, and the powder can be effectively controlled. By adjusting the powder spraying angle of the powder conveying conduit, the phenomenon of the nozzle being blocked by the high temperature can also be reduced, thereby saving the amount of powder used, reducing the production cost, and improving the flatness and surface quality of the cladding layer.

[0018] 2) The laser powder feeding cladding head of the utility model is provided with a plurality of powder delivery conduits, and the inner holes of the powder delivery conduits can be designed to have a plurality of apertures of different specifications, so as to adapt to laser beams with different spot sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The structure of the laser powder feeding cladding head and the powder feeding duct of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 The structure of the laser powder feeding cladding head and the powder feeding duct of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the powder delivery conduit and the workpiece cladding layer of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure, there is a cladding head body 1, a laser chamber 2, a catheter accommodating channel 3, a powder conveying catheter 4, a slope structure 41, a cooling liquid chamber 5, a cladding layer 6, and a laser beam 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3Embodiment 1. The utility model provides a laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive, including a laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive of a workpiece, the laser powder feeding cladding head including a cladding head body 1, a laser chamber 2, and a plurality of powder delivery conduits 4, the laser chamber 2 is located at the axial center opening of the cladding head body 1 and passes through from the top to the bottom of the cladding head body 1, a plurality of conduit accommodating channels 3 are formed inside the cladding head body 1, the plurality of conduit accommodating channels 3 are surrounded by the outer side of the laser chamber 2 and are inclined relative to the laser chamber 2, each powder delivery conduit 4 can be movably built into each conduit accommodating channel 3 of the cladding head body 1, and a powder outlet of each powder delivery conduit 4 is provided with a slope structure 41. The laser powder feeding cladding head of the utility model is provided with a plurality of powder conveying ducts 4, and the powder outlet of each powder conveying duct 4 is designed with an inclined surface structure 41, so that when the powder outlet of the powder conveying duct 4 is subjected to the gas impact force, the inclined surface structure 41 can ensure that the force and self-weight of the powder can be gathered in the laser beam 7, so that the powder grabbing rate is improved. By manually adjusting the powder conveying duct 4, the direction of the spraying force of the powder conveying duct 4 can be changed to achieve the purpose of adjusting the angle of the powder outlet and the laser beam 7 of the laser chamber 2, and the powder can be effectively controlled. By adjusting the powder spraying angle of the powder conveying duct 4, the phenomenon of the powder being blocked by the high temperature in the nozzle can be reduced, the amount of powder used is saved, the production cost is reduced, and the flatness and surface quality of the cladding layer 6 are improved.

[0024] In specific implementation, the laser powder feeding cladding head of the utility model is provided with a plurality of powder delivery ducts 4, the inner hole of the powder delivery duct 4 can be designed to have a plurality of apertures of different specifications, which can adapt to spot laser beams 7 of different sizes. The powder delivered by the powder delivery duct 4 can be metal powder.

[0025] The inclined surface structure 41 of the powder outlet of the powder delivery conduit 4 of the utility model is parallel to the direction of the laser beam 7 emitted from the laser chamber 2, and perpendicular to the workpiece cladding layer 6. The powder outlet of the powder delivery conduit 4 is designed with the inclined surface structure 41, so that the reflected light of the laser in the laser chamber 2 will not be reflected to the powder delivery port, and the powder will not be melted to block the powder delivery port.

[0026] In specific implementation, a laser generator is connected above the axial center opening of the cladding head body 1, and the laser chamber 2 inside the cladding head body 1 is vertically arranged. The laser beam emitted by the laser generator is emitted through the laser chamber 2. A plurality of coolant chambers 5 are arranged inside the cladding head body 1. The plurality of coolant chambers 5 are distributed on the outside of the laser chamber 2 at intervals from each other and wrapped around the outside of the catheter accommodating channel 3. A plurality of injection holes equal in number to the coolant chambers 5 are arranged at the top of the cladding head body 1. Each coolant chamber 5 of the cladding head body 1 is communicated with each injection hole, and a plurality of catheter accommodating channels 3 are wrapped around by the plurality of coolant chambers 5. A sealing cover is connected to the top of the injection hole.

[0027] The powder delivery conduit 4 of the utility model is made of high temperature resistant hard alloy. The powder delivery conduit 4 is made of high temperature resistant hard alloy, which is more high temperature resistant and durable than the existing copper powder delivery head, and the powder delivery conduit 4 of the utility model can be replaced at any time without replacing the laser powder delivery cladding head, reducing maintenance costs.

[0028] In specific implementation, the powder delivery conduit 4 is inserted into the conduit accommodating channel 3 inside the cladding head body 1 at a certain angle, and the lateral injection increases the outlet area of ​​the metal powder, making the metal powder more uniform.

[0029] In specific implementation, the utility model is provided with two conduit accommodating channels 3 inside the cladding head body 1, which are respectively a left conduit accommodating channel 3 and a right conduit accommodating channel 3. The laser chamber 2 is vertically arranged, and the left conduit accommodating channel 3 and the right conduit accommodating channel 3 are obliquely symmetrically distributed relative to the laser chamber 2. Two powder conveying conduits 4 are movably connected to the left conduit accommodating channel 3 and the right conduit accommodating channel 3, and the powder outlet of the powder conveying conduit 4 converges toward the laser chamber 2. By adjusting the two powder conveying conduits 4 to extend and retract, and designing the powder outlet of the powder conveying conduit 4 into an inclined surface structure 41, the impulse direction of the gas at the powder outlet is changed. The inclined surface structure 41 can ensure that the force and self-weight of the powder can be well converged in the laser beam 7. The inclined surface structure 41 of the powder outlet of the powder conveying conduit 4 is parallel to the direction of the laser beam 7 emitted by the laser chamber 2 and perpendicular to the workpiece cladding layer 6. The reflected light of the laser will not be reflected to the powder delivery port, and the powder will not be melted and blocked, so that the work can proceed smoothly.

[0030] In other embodiments of the utility model, a coaxial centering sealing ring may be provided at the axial center opening of the cladding head body 1, and the coaxial centering sealing ring is used to connect with the laser generator and keep it aligned with the laser generator. A laser protection mirror is provided at the bottom end of the cladding head body 1, and the laser protection mirror is arranged directly below the coaxial centering sealing ring.

[0031] When the embodiment of the utility model is specifically implemented, two cooling liquid chambers 5 are provided inside the cladding head body 1, namely the left cooling liquid chamber 5 and the right cooling liquid chamber 5. The left cooling liquid chamber 5 and the right cooling liquid chamber 5 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the laser chamber 2. The left cooling liquid chamber 5 and the right cooling liquid chamber 5 are both rectangular inner cavities arranged obliquely. The cooling liquid inside the left cooling liquid chamber 5 and the right cooling liquid chamber 5 can realize the rapid cooling of the laser powder feeding cladding head.

[0032] The present invention has been described in detail above. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of this application should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive, characterized in that: A laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive of a workpiece is included, the laser powder feeding cladding head includes a cladding head body, a laser chamber, and a plurality of powder conveying conduits, the laser chamber is located at the axial center opening of the cladding head body and passes through from the top end to the bottom end of the cladding head body, a plurality of conduit accommodating channels are formed inside the cladding head body, the plurality of conduit accommodating channels surround the outside of the laser chamber and are arranged obliquely relative to the laser chamber, each powder conveying conduit can be movably built into each conduit accommodating channel of the cladding head body, and a powder outlet of each powder conveying conduit is provided with an inclined surface structure.

2. The laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined surface structure of the powder outlet of the powder conveying conduit is parallel to the direction of the laser beam emitted from the laser chamber.

3. The laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser chamber is arranged vertically.

4. The laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of cooling liquid chambers are arranged inside the cladding head body, and the plurality of cooling liquid chambers are distributed outside the laser chamber at intervals and wrapped around the outside of the catheter accommodating channel.

5. The laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the cladding head body is provided with a plurality of injection holes having the same number as the cooling liquid chambers, each cooling liquid chamber of the cladding head body is communicated with each injection hole, and the plurality of conduit accommodating channels are surrounded by the plurality of cooling liquid chambers.

6. The laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the liquid injection hole is connected with a sealing cover.

7. The laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: A laser generator is connected above the axial center opening of the cladding head body.

8. The laser powder feeding cladding head for laser cladding additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder conveying conduit is made of high temperature resistant hard alloy.

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