Display panel and display device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a display panel and a display device, the display panel comprises a first dimming box, a second dimming box and a display liquid crystal box which are mutually laminated, the first dimming box is provided with a first polaroid, a second polaroid is arranged between the first dimming box and the second dimming box, the second dimming box is provided with a third polaroid, and the third polaroid is provided with a second polaroid. The light-transmitting axis of the first polaroid, the light-transmitting axis of the second polaroid and the light-transmitting axis of the third polaroid are parallel to one another; the first dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer; the second dimming box comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer; the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer is parallel to the first substrate and the second substrate, the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer is parallel to the third substrate and the fourth substrate, an included angle is formed between the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer in the projection direction of the first polaroid, and the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer are symmetrical about a light-transmitting shaft of the first polaroid; therefore, the narrow viewing angle effect on the oblique azimuth angle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of displays, in particular to a display panel and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from the original 120° to more than 160°. While enjoying the visual experience brought by the wide viewing angle, people also hope to effectively protect business secrets and personal privacy to avoid business losses or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the demand for wide viewing angle, in many occasions, the display device is also required to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.

[0003] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the prior art utilizes a first dimming box 10 and a display liquid crystal box 30 to realize a dual-box structure for switching between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle, wherein the display liquid crystal box 30 is used for normal picture display, and the first dimming box 10 is used for controlling viewing angle switching. The first dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. A first polarizer 51 and a second polarizer 52 whose transmission axes are parallel to each other are respectively disposed above and below the first dimming box 10, and an alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is parallel to the transmission axes of the first polarizer 51 and the second polarizer 52. A first viewing angle control electrode 111 is disposed on the first substrate 11, and a second viewing angle control electrode 121 is disposed on the second substrate 12. As shown Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there is no voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and when the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 maintain the initial flat state, the display panel presents a wide viewing angle mode; Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, of course, a large voltage difference (eg, 5V) can also be applied between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are deflected to a vertical state, and the display panel presents another wide viewing angle mode. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a suitable voltage difference (e.g., 2V) is applied between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are deflected to a tilted vertical state, and the display panel realizes a narrow viewing angle mode with a wide viewing angle and light collection. Thus, the voltage on the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 is used to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. Figure 7is a curve diagram showing the change in transmittance with the voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 when the viewing polar angle (polar angle is the angle between the viewing direction and the perpendicular line of the display panel, for example, when the viewing direction is perpendicular to the display panel, the polar angle is 0°) is 45°, wherein Figure 7 It can be seen that when the voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 changes from 0 to 5V, the transmittance at the viewing angle of 45° first decreases, reaches the lowest value when the voltage difference is 2V, and then increases, and the narrow viewing angle effect is best when the voltage difference is 2V. However, the light collection effect of the first dimming box 10 is poor, and it usually needs to be matched with a light-collecting backlight module 40. The light-collecting backlight module 40 usually consists of a light source 41, a diffuser 42, and an anti-peep film 43, which is more expensive and will also result in a poor effect of the display panel at a wide viewing angle.

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the first dimming box 10 has a poor light collection effect and avoid affecting the wide viewing angle effect, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, another prior art adopts two dimming boxes, so that a good narrow viewing angle effect can be achieved by adopting a common diffuser backlight module 40, and the wide viewing angle effect will not be affected. Specifically, a second dimming box 20 and a third polarizer 53 are added on the basis of the first dimming box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 30, and the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 51, the second polarizer 52 and the third polarizer 53 are parallel to each other. The alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is parallel to the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23, and is parallel to the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 51, the second polarizer 52 and the third polarizer 53. Fig. 9 In the figure, T1 / T2 / T3 represent the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 51, the second polarizer 52 and the third polarizer 53 respectively, T4 represents the light transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 54 on the display liquid crystal box 30, and the light transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 51 is perpendicular to the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 51, the second polarizer 52 and the third polarizer 53. Fig.10 This is a narrow viewing angle effect diagram of the first dimming box 10. Fig.11 This is a narrow viewing angle effect diagram of the second dimming box 20. Fig.12It is a diagram of the narrow viewing angle effect of the display panel, wherein the narrow viewing angle effect of the display panel is superimposed by the narrow viewing angle effects of the first dimming box 10 and the second dimming box 20, so the light collection effect at a narrow viewing angle is better. Among them, the left and right directions of a single dimming box have a 45° polar angle / center brightness of 9.85%, while after the two dimming boxes are superimposed, the left and right directions have a 45° polar angle / center brightness of 0.97%, and the light collection effect at a narrow viewing angle is better. The following Table 1 is a comparison of the wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle effects of a single dimming box and a double dimming box. It can be seen from the following Table 1 that the narrow viewing angle effect of the double dimming box is equivalent to that of the single dimming box, but there is no need to use a light-collecting backlight module 40; however, the wide viewing angle effect of the double dimming box is better than that of the single dimming box.

[0005]

[0006] However, the display panels of the above-mentioned single dimming light box and double dimming light box have good narrow viewing angle effect only in the left and right directions, and have poor narrow viewing angle effect in the oblique azimuth angle (azimuth angle is the angle of the display panel plane, the azimuth angle of the display panel edge in a counterclockwise circle is from 0-360°, the azimuth angles in the left and right directions are 180° and 0° respectively, and the azimuth angles in the up and down directions are 90° and 270° respectively). Among them, at the narrow viewing angle, the display panel of the single dimming light box has a brightness of 84% at a 45° azimuth angle, 45° polar angle / center, and the display panel of the double dimming light box has a brightness of 71% at a 45° azimuth angle, 45° polar angle / center. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a display panel and a display device to solve the problem of poor narrow viewing angle effect of the display panel of the dual dimming box in the prior art at oblique angles.

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The utility model provides a display panel, comprising a first dimming box, a second dimming box and a display liquid crystal box which are stacked on each other, a first polarizer is arranged on a side of the first dimming box away from the second dimming box, a second polarizer is arranged between the first dimming box and the second dimming box, a third polarizer is arranged on a side of the second dimming box away from the first dimming box, a fourth polarizer is arranged on a side of the display liquid crystal box away from the first dimming box and the second dimming box, and a light transmission axis of the first polarizer, a light transmission axis of the second polarizer and a light transmission axis of the third polarizer are parallel to each other, and are perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the fourth polarizer;

[0010] The first dimming box includes a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate, and a first liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first viewing angle control electrode is arranged on a side of the first substrate facing the first liquid crystal layer, and a second viewing angle control electrode cooperating with the first viewing angle control electrode is arranged on a side of the second substrate facing the first liquid crystal layer;

[0011] The second dimming box includes the third substrate, a fourth substrate arranged opposite to the third substrate, and a second liquid crystal layer located between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, a third viewing angle control electrode is arranged on a side of the third substrate facing the second liquid crystal layer, and a fourth viewing angle control electrode cooperating with the third viewing angle control electrode is arranged on a side of the fourth substrate facing the second liquid crystal layer;

[0012] The alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer is parallel to the first substrate and the second substrate, the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer is parallel to the third substrate and the fourth substrate, and in the projection direction of the first polarizer, there is an angle between the alignment directions of the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer, and they are symmetrical about the transmission axis of the first polarizer.

[0013] Further, a projection of the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer on the first polarizer and the transmission axis of the first polarizer have a first angle, and the first angle is θ1; a projection of the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer on the first polarizer and the transmission axis of the first polarizer have a second angle, and the second angle is θ2, wherein 0<θ1=θ2≤10°.

[0014] Furthermore, a first inverse prism composed of a plurality of first edges is disposed on the first substrate and / or the second substrate, and the first inverse prism can gather light.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross section of the first rib is a broken line structure, and the angle bisector of the corner on the first rib is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer.

[0016] Furthermore, the corner on the first edge is a right angle.

[0017] Furthermore, a second inverse prism composed of a plurality of second ribs is disposed on the third substrate and / or the fourth substrate, and the second inverse prism can gather light.

[0018] Furthermore, the cross section of the second rib is a broken line structure, and the angle bisector of the corner on the second rib is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer.

[0019] Furthermore, the corner on the second inverse prism is a right angle.

[0020] Furthermore, the first dimming box and the second dimming box are both arranged on the light emitting side of the display liquid crystal box; or the first dimming box and the second dimming box are both arranged on the light incident side of the display liquid crystal box.

[0021] The present application also provides a display device, comprising the display panel as described above.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by adopting a dual dimming box structure, the backlight module can adopt a conventional astigmatism type backlight module to reduce the cost of the backlight module, and can also solve the problem that the single dimming box structure has a poor light collecting effect and affects the wide viewing angle effect; in addition, in the projection direction of the first polarizer, an angle is set between the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer, and they are symmetrical about the transmission axis of the first polarizer, that is, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer are not parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer, thereby improving the narrow viewing angle effect at the oblique angle and ensuring that the narrow viewing angle is a left-right symmetrical effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the display device at a wide viewing angle in the first prior art;

[0024] Figure 2 It corresponds to Figure 1 One of the waveform diagrams of the viewing angle control signal of the display device at a wide viewing angle;

[0025] Figure 3 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the display device at a wide viewing angle in the first prior art;

[0026] Figure 4 It corresponds to Figure 3 The second waveform diagram of the viewing angle control signal of the display device at a wide viewing angle;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device in a narrow viewing angle in the first prior art;

[0028] Figure 6 It corresponds to Figure 5 A waveform diagram of a viewing angle control signal of a display device at a narrow viewing angle;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a curve diagram of the transmittance of the display panel in the first prior art when the viewing angle is 45° as a function of the voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode and the second viewing angle control electrode;

[0030] Figure 8is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a wide viewing angle in the second prior art;

[0031] Fig. 9 is a plan view schematically showing the alignment directions of the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer and the light transmission axes of each polarizer in the second prior art;

[0032] Fig.10 is a simulation schematic diagram of the first dimming box in the second prior art at a narrow viewing angle;

[0033] Fig.11 is a simulation schematic diagram of the second dimming box in the second prior art at a narrow viewing angle;

[0034] Fig.12 is a simulation schematic diagram of a display device in a second prior art at a narrow viewing angle;

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the first embodiment of the utility model at a wide viewing angle;

[0036] Fig.14 It is a plan view schematic diagram of the alignment directions of the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer and the light transmission axes of each polarizer in the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the first embodiment of the utility model at a narrow viewing angle;

[0038] Fig.16 This is a simulation schematic diagram of the first dimming box in the first embodiment of the utility model at a narrow viewing angle;

[0039] Fig.17 This is a simulation schematic diagram of the second dimming box in the first embodiment of the utility model at a narrow viewing angle;

[0040] Fig.18 This is a simulation schematic diagram of the display device in the first embodiment of the present utility model at a narrow viewing angle;

[0041] Fig.19 This is a simulation schematic diagram of the ratio of the brightness of the display device at different polar angles to the central brightness at an azimuth angle of 0° at a narrow viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] Fig. 20 This is a simulation schematic diagram of the ratio of the brightness of the display device at different polar angles to the central brightness at an azimuth angle of 15° when the display device is at a narrow viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0043] Fig.21 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the ratio of the brightness of the display device at different polar angles to the central brightness at an azimuth angle of 30° when the display device is at a narrow viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0044] Fig. 22 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the ratio of the brightness of the display device at different polar angles to the central brightness at an azimuth angle of 45° when the display device is at a narrow viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0045] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the second embodiment of the utility model at a wide viewing angle;

[0046] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first inverse prism / the second inverse prism in the second embodiment of the utility model;

[0047] Fig.25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the third embodiment of the present utility model at a wide viewing angle;

[0048] Fig.26 It is one of the planar structural schematic diagrams of the display device in the utility model;

[0049] Fig. 27 This is the second schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the present invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the display panel and display device proposed by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments:

[0051] [Example 1]

[0052] Fig.13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the display device in the first embodiment of the utility model at a wide viewing angle. Fig.14 It is a plan view schematically showing the alignment directions of the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer and the light transmission axes of each polarizer in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, a display panel provided by the first embodiment of the utility model includes a first dimming box 10, a second dimming box 20 and a display liquid crystal box 30 which are stacked with each other. In this embodiment, the first dimming box 10 and the second dimming box 20 are both arranged on the light-emitting side of the display liquid crystal box 30, and the second dimming box 20 is arranged between the first dimming box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 30. The first dimming box 10, the second dimming box 20 and the display liquid crystal box 30 are stacked in sequence from top to bottom. The first dimming box 10 and the second dimming box 20 are used to control the display panel to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, and the display liquid crystal box 30 is used to control the grayscale of the picture display, that is, the display liquid crystal box 30 can be an ordinary display panel, which can control the light intensity of each sub-pixel, thereby controlling the grayscale of the picture display.

[0054] A first polarizer 51 is provided on a side of the first dimming box 10 away from the second dimming box 20, a second polarizer 52 is provided between the first dimming box 10 and the second dimming box 20, a third polarizer 53 is provided on a side of the first dimming box 10 away from the second dimming box 20, and a fourth polarizer 54 is provided on a side of the display liquid crystal box 30 away from the first dimming box 10 and the second dimming box 20. The light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51, the light transmission axis of the second polarizer 52 and the light transmission axis of the third polarizer 53 are parallel to each other, and are perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 54.

[0055] The first dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 arranged opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 located between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. A first viewing angle control electrode 111 is provided on the side of the first substrate 11 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and a second viewing angle control electrode 121 cooperating with the first viewing angle control electrode 111 is provided on the side of the second substrate 12 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. The voltage on the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 is controlled to control the first dimming box 10 to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. In this embodiment, the first viewing angle control electrode 111 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the first substrate 11, and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the second substrate 12, so that the first dimming box 10 can achieve wide and narrow viewing angle switching on the entire surface at the same time.

[0056] The first liquid crystal layer 13 uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. Fig.13 As shown, when the first dimming box 10 is in the initial state, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, that is, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 close to the first substrate 11 and the alignment direction close to the second substrate 12 are parallel to each other (positive parallel or reverse parallel), so that the first dimming box 10 is in a wide viewing angle state in the initial state. The positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 can have a small initial pre-tilt angle, and the range of the initial pre-tilt angle can be less than or equal to 10 degrees, that is: 0°≦θ≦10°, so as to reduce the response time of the vertical deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, to reduce the response time of switching between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle.

[0057] The second dimming box 20 includes a third substrate 21, a fourth substrate 22 arranged opposite to the third substrate 21, and a second liquid crystal layer 23 located between the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22. A third viewing angle control electrode 211 is provided on the side of the third substrate 21 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and a fourth viewing angle control electrode 221 cooperating with the third viewing angle control electrode 211 is provided on the side of the fourth substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23. The voltage on the third viewing angle control electrode 211 and the fourth viewing angle control electrode 221 is controlled to control the second dimming box 20 to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. In this embodiment, the third viewing angle control electrode 211 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the third substrate 21, and the fourth viewing angle control electrode 221 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the third substrate 21, so that the second dimming box 20 can realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching on the entire surface at the same time.

[0058] The second liquid crystal layer 23 uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. Fig.13 As shown, when the second dimming box 20 is in the initial state, the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 is parallel to the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22, that is, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22, and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 on the side close to the third substrate 21 is parallel to the alignment direction on the side close to the third substrate 21 (positive parallel or reverse parallel), so that the dimming box 10 is in a wide viewing angle state in the initial state. The positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 and the third substrate 21 and the third substrate 21 can have a small initial pre-tilt angle, and the range of the initial pre-tilt angle can be less than or equal to 10 degrees, that is: 0°≦θ≦10°, so as to reduce the response time of the vertical deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, to reduce the response time of switching between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle.

[0059] Among them, Fig.14 As shown, in the projection direction of the first polarizer 51, there is an angle between the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23, and they are symmetrical about the transmission axis of the first polarizer 51. The alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 are not parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 51, thereby enhancing the narrow viewing angle effect at the oblique angle and ensuring that the narrow viewing angle is a left-right symmetrical effect. Fig.14 T1 / T2 / T3 in the figure respectively represent the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 51 , the second polarizer 52 and the third polarizer 53 , and T4 represents the light transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 54 .

[0060] Further, the first liquid crystal layer 13 has a first angle between the projection of the first polarizer 51 and the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51, and the first angle is θ1. The second liquid crystal layer 23 has a second angle between the projection of the first polarizer 51 and the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51, and the second angle is θ2, wherein 0<θ1=θ2≤10°, preferably 2°<θ1=θ2≤10°. Within this alignment angle range, it can be ensured that the narrow viewing angle effect at the oblique azimuth angle is more effectively improved while achieving left and right peeping protection. For example, the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51, the light transmission axis of the second polarizer 52, and the light transmission axis of the third polarizer 53 are all 90°, then the light transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 54 is 0°, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is 90-100°, and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 is 80-90°.

[0061] The display liquid crystal box 30 includes a color filter substrate 31, an array substrate 32 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 31, and a third liquid crystal layer 33 located between the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32. In this embodiment, positive liquid crystal molecules are used in the third liquid crystal layer 33, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, such as Figure 1 As shown, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the third liquid crystal layer 33 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the color filter substrate 31 is reversely parallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the array substrate 32.

[0062] Among them, a color filter substrate 31 is provided with a color resist layer 312 and a black matrix (BM) 311 separating the color resist layer 312 on the side facing the third liquid crystal layer 33. The color resist layer 312 includes, for example, three color resist materials of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), which respectively form red, green, and blue pixel units. The black matrix 311 is located between the red, green, and blue pixel units, so that adjacent pixel units are separated from each other by the black matrix 311.

[0063] The array substrate 32 is formed into a plurality of pixel units by a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines which are insulated and crossed from each other on the side facing the third liquid crystal layer 33. The black matrix 311 corresponds to the scan lines and the data lines from top to bottom. A pixel electrode 322 and a thin film transistor are provided in each pixel unit. The pixel electrode 322 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate, an active layer, a drain and a source. The gate is located in the same layer as the scan line and is electrically connected. The gate is separated from the active layer by an insulating layer. The source is electrically connected to the data line. The drain is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 322 through a contact hole.

[0064] In this embodiment, a common electrode 321 is further provided on the side of the array substrate 32 facing the third liquid crystal layer 33. The common electrode 321 and the pixel electrode 322 are located in different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 321 can be located above or below the pixel electrode 322 ( Fig.13 As shown in the figure, the common electrode 321 is located below the pixel electrode 322). Preferably, the common electrode 321 is a planar electrode arranged on the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 322 is a block electrode arranged in each pixel unit or a slit electrode with multiple electrode strips to form a fringe field switching mode (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 are located in the same layer, but the two are insulated and isolated from each other. The pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 can each include multiple electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 322 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 321 are arranged alternately to form an in-plane switching mode (In-Plane Switching, IPS); or, in other embodiments, the array substrate 32 is provided with a pixel electrode 322 on the side facing the third liquid crystal layer 33, and the color filter substrate 31 is provided with a common electrode 321 on the side facing the third liquid crystal layer 33 to form a TN mode or a VA mode. As for other introductions to the TN mode and the VA mode, please refer to the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0065] The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the third substrate 21, the fourth substrate 22, the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32 may be made of transparent substrates such as glass, acrylic and polycarbonate. The materials of the first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, the third viewing angle control electrode 211, the fourth viewing angle control electrode 221, the common electrode 321 and the pixel electrode 322 may be made of transparent electrodes such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

[0066] like Fig.13 As shown, at a wide viewing angle, no voltage is applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, the third viewing angle control electrode 211, and the fourth viewing angle control electrode 221, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the second liquid crystal layer 23 maintain their initial flat posture, so that the display panel achieves a wide viewing angle mode. Of course, at another wide viewing angle, a large voltage difference (for example, 5V) can also be applied between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are deflected to a vertical state, and a large voltage difference (for example, 5V) can also be applied between the third viewing angle control electrode 211 and the fourth viewing angle control electrode 221, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected to a vertical state, so that the display panel achieves another wide viewing angle mode.

[0067] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the first embodiment of the present utility model at a narrow viewing angle. Fig.15 As shown, at a narrow viewing angle. A voltage with a large voltage difference (e.g., 2V) is applied between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and between the third viewing angle control electrode 211 and the fourth viewing angle control electrode 221, and a strong electric field is formed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 and between the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected in the vertical direction and are in a tilted posture, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle effect. Since in the projection direction of the first polarizer 51, there is an angle between the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23, and they are symmetrical about the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51, that is, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 are not parallel to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51, thereby improving the narrow viewing angle effect at the oblique azimuth angle, and ensuring that the narrow viewing angle is a bilaterally symmetrical effect.

[0068] Fig.16 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the first dimming box in the first embodiment of the utility model at a narrow viewing angle. Fig.17 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the second dimming box in the first embodiment of the utility model at a narrow viewing angle. Fig.18 This is a simulation schematic diagram of the display device in the first embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle. Fig.10 and Fig.16 As shown, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the narrow viewing angle effect of the first dimming box 10 of the present application is more inclined to collect light at an azimuth angle of 135° compared with the narrow viewing angle effect of the first dimming box 10 of the prior art, thereby increasing the narrow viewing angle effect at an azimuth angle of 135°; Fig.11 and Fig.17 As shown, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the narrow viewing angle effect of the second dimming box 20 of the present application is more inclined to collect light at an azimuth angle of 45° compared with the narrow viewing angle effect of the second dimming box 20 of the prior art, thereby increasing the narrow viewing angle effect at an azimuth angle of 45°. Fig.13 and Fig.18 As shown, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the display panel in the present application has a better narrow viewing angle effect at an oblique angle than the display panel in the prior art.

[0069] Fig.19 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the ratio of the brightness at different polar angles to the central brightness of the display device in the first embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle of 0°. Fig. 20 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the ratio of the brightness at different polar angles to the central brightness at an azimuth angle of 15° when the display device in the first embodiment of the present invention has a narrow viewing angle. Fig.21It is a simulation schematic diagram of the ratio of the brightness at different polar angles to the central brightness at an azimuth angle of 30° when the display device in the first embodiment of the present utility model has a narrow viewing angle. Fig. 22 1 is a simulation diagram of the ratio of the brightness of the display device at different polar angles to the central brightness at a 45° azimuth angle when the display device is at a narrow viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 19 to Figure 20 As shown, curve 1 in the figure is a curve in which the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 are parallel to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51 in the comparative implementation (existing technology); curve 2 in the figure is a curve in which the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 in the present application are both 2° to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51; curve 3 in the figure is a curve in which the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 in the present application are both 5° to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51; curve 4 in the figure is a curve in which the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 in the present application are both 8° to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51; curve 5 in the figure is a curve in which the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 in the present application are both 10° to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51. Table 2 below shows the ratio of brightness to center brightness at a polar angle of 45° at different azimuths:

[0070]

[0071] like Fig.19 and Fig. 20 As shown and referring to the 4th and 5th rows in the above Table 2, at the azimuth angle of 0° and 15°, the narrow viewing angle effect of the present application is not much different from that of the prior art; Fig.21 and Fig. 22 As shown and referring to the 6th and 7th rows in the above Table 2, at the azimuth angle position of 30° and the azimuth angle position of 45°, the light collecting effect of the present application at a polar angle of 45° is better than the light collecting effect of the prior art at a polar angle of 45°, that is, the narrow viewing angle effect of the present application at the oblique azimuth angle is better.

[0072] [Example 2]

[0073] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the second embodiment of the present utility model at a wide viewing angle. Fig.24 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first inverse prism / second inverse prism in the second embodiment of the present utility model. Fig.23 and Fig.24 As shown, the display panel provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is different from that in the first embodiment ( Figures 13 to 22 ) are substantially the same, except that, in this embodiment:

[0074] A first inverse prism 122 composed of a plurality of first ribs 122a is provided on the first substrate 11 and / or the second substrate 12, and the first inverse prism 122 can gather the light. A second inverse prism 222 composed of a plurality of second ribs 222a is provided on the third substrate 21 and / or the fourth substrate 22, and the second inverse prism 222 can gather the light. Through the focusing effect of the first inverse prism 122 and the second inverse prism 222, the narrow viewing angle effect can be improved. In this embodiment, the first inverse prism 122 is provided on the side of the second substrate 12 facing the second dimming box 20, and the second inverse prism 222 is provided on the side of the fourth substrate 22 facing the display liquid crystal box 30. Of course, in other embodiments, the first inverse prism 122 can also be provided on the side of the first substrate 11 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and the second inverse prism 222 is provided on the side of the third substrate 21 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23. Alternatively, only the first dimming box 10 is provided with the first inverse prism 122, or only the second dimming box 20 is provided with the second inverse prism 222. The first inverse prism 122 and the second inverse prism 222 can be made of a resin material with a refractive index of about 1.5, which is close to the refractive index of glass, and the refractive index is greater than the refractive index of air to achieve a focusing effect.

[0075] Furthermore, if Fig.24 The cross section of the first rib 122a (parallel to the cross section of the second substrate 12) is a broken line structure, and the bisector of the corner on the first rib 122a is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51. The cross section of the second rib 222a is a broken line structure, and the bisector of the corner on the second rib 222a is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 51. Preferably, the corner on the first rib 122a is a right angle, and the corner on the second inverse prism 222 is a right angle. Thereby, the focusing effect of the display panel at the oblique azimuth is improved to improve the narrow viewing angle effect, and the brightness at the positive viewing angle (0° polar angle) can also be improved. Among them, the longitudinal section (perpendicular to the cross section of the second substrate 12) of the first rib 122a and the second rib 222a can be semicircular, triangular, trapezoidal, etc.

[0076] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0077] [Example 3]

[0078] Fig.25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the third embodiment of the present utility model at a wide viewing angle. Fig.25 As shown, the display panel provided in the third embodiment of the present invention is different from that in the first embodiment ( Figures 13 to 22 )、Example 2 ( Figure 23 to Figure 24 ) are substantially the same, except that, in this embodiment:

[0079] The first dimming box 10 and the second dimming box 20 are both arranged on the light incident side of the display liquid crystal box 30, and the first dimming box 10 is arranged between the second dimming box 20 and the display liquid crystal box 30. The display liquid crystal box 30, the first dimming box 10 and the second dimming box 20 are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, so that the display liquid crystal box 30 is arranged on the side of the display panel closest to the external environment. The backlight first passes through the first dimming box 10 and the second dimming box 20 and then passes through the display liquid crystal box 30 for filtering to improve color saturation.

[0080] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0081] The utility model further provides a display device, comprising the display panel as described above and a backlight module 40. The backlight module 40 is located below the display panel and is used to provide a backlight source for the display panel.

[0082] Since the dual dimming boxes are used in the present application, the backlight module 40 can adopt a conventional diffuser type backlight module to reduce the cost of the backlight module while avoiding affecting the wide viewing angle effect.

[0083] The backlight module 40 can be an edge-type backlight module or a direct-type backlight module. The backlight module 40 includes a backlight source 41, so there is no need to set a peep-proof film to reduce costs. Of course, the backlight module 40 can be provided with a diffuser 42 to make the backlight more uniform.

[0084] Fig.26 and Fig. 27 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in the embodiment of the utility model. Fig.26 and Fig. 27 The display device is provided with a viewing angle switching button 60 for the user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The viewing angle switching button 60 may be a physical button (such as Fig.26 As shown), it can also be a software control or application (APP) to implement the switching function (such as Fig. 27As shown, for example, a wide and narrow viewing angle is set by a sliding bar). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching button 60, and finally the driving chip 70 controls the electrical signals applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, the third viewing angle control electrode 211 and the fourth viewing angle control electrode 221, so that the display device can realize the switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. When switching to a wide viewing angle, the driving method thereof adopts the driving method corresponding to the wide viewing angle mode, and when switching to a narrow viewing angle, the driving method thereof adopts the driving method corresponding to the narrow viewing angle mode. Therefore, the display device of the embodiment of the utility model has strong operational flexibility and convenience, and achieves a multifunctional display device integrating entertainment video and privacy.

[0085] In this document, the directional words such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are defined by the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, just for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second" used in this document are only used to distinguish names and are not used to limit quantity and order.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which are equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first dimming box (10), a second dimming box (20) and a display liquid crystal box (30) which are stacked on each other, wherein a first polarizer (51) is provided on a side of the first dimming box (10) away from the second dimming box (20), a second polarizer (52) is provided between the first dimming box (10) and the second dimming box (20), a third polarizer (53) is provided on a side of the second dimming box (20) away from the first dimming box (10), and a fourth polarizer (54) is provided on a side of the display liquid crystal box (30) away from the first dimming box (10) and the second dimming box (20), wherein the light transmission axis of the first polarizer (51), the light transmission axis of the second polarizer (52) and the light transmission axis of the third polarizer (53) are parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the fourth polarizer (54); The first dimming box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), and a first liquid crystal layer (13) located between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12); a first viewing angle control electrode (111) is provided on a side of the first substrate (11) facing the first liquid crystal layer (13); and a second viewing angle control electrode (121) cooperating with the first viewing angle control electrode (111) is provided on a side of the second substrate (12) facing the first liquid crystal layer (13); The second dimming box (20) comprises a third substrate (21), a fourth substrate (22) arranged opposite to the third substrate (21), and a second liquid crystal layer (23) located between the third substrate (21) and the fourth substrate (22); a third viewing angle control electrode (211) is provided on a side of the third substrate (21) facing the second liquid crystal layer (23); and a fourth viewing angle control electrode (221) cooperating with the third viewing angle control electrode (211) is provided on a side of the fourth substrate (22) facing the second liquid crystal layer (23); The alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer (13) is parallel to the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12), the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer (23) is parallel to the third substrate (21) and the fourth substrate (22), and in the projection direction of the first polarizer (51), there is an angle between the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer (13) and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer (23), and they are symmetrical about the light transmission axis of the first polarizer (51).

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a first angle between the projection of the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer (13) on the first polarizer (51) and the light transmission axis of the first polarizer (51), and the first angle is θ1; there is a second angle between the projection of the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer (23) on the first polarizer (51) and the light transmission axis of the first polarizer (51), and the second angle is θ2, wherein 0<θ1=θ2≤10°.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first inverse prism (122) composed of a plurality of first ribs (122a) is provided on the first substrate (11) and / or the second substrate (12), and the first inverse prism (122) can gather light.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the first rib (122a) is a broken line structure, and the angle bisector of the corner on the first rib (122a) is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer (51).

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The corner on the first rib (122a) is a right angle.

6. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second inverse prism (222) composed of a plurality of second ribs (222a) is provided on the third substrate (21) and / or the fourth substrate (22), and the second inverse prism (222) can gather light.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross section of the second rib (222a) is a broken line structure, and the angle bisector of the corner on the second rib (222a) is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the first polarizer (51).

8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The corner on the second inverse prism (222) is a right angle.

9. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first dimming box (10) and the second dimming box (20) are both arranged on the light-emitting side of the display liquid crystal box (30); or the first dimming box (10) and the second dimming box (20) are both arranged on the light-incoming side of the display liquid crystal box (30).

10. A display device, characterized in that: Comprising a display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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