Novel green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouse

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel green composite energy-saving system suitable for a greenhouse, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural greenhouses and photovoltaic photo-thermal. The system comprises a primary water curtain humidifier, a secondary water curtain humidifier, two brackish water collecting tanks, a brackish water tank, a condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle, a fresh water collecting tank, a fresh water tank, a photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic panel cooling device. According to the system, by monitoring the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel, the flow of brackish water flowing into the photovoltaic panel cooling device can be regulated and controlled in real time when the temperature of the lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel changes in different time periods, so that the water-saving and power-saving effects are achieved. According to the system, the photovoltaic photo-thermal technology, the dew-point evaporation desalination technology and the greenhouse planting technology are coupled, photo-thermal of a photovoltaic panel can be changed into treasure from waste, energy is used according to quality, low-grade heat energy of the photovoltaic panel is directly applied to the brackish water desalination system, and the energy consumption is reduced. Therefore, the desalination efficiency of the brackish water and the photovoltaic and photo-thermal utilization rate are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a novel green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouses, belonging to the technical field of agricultural greenhouses and photovoltaic and thermal technology. Background Art

[0002] There is a shortage of fresh water resources in the Yellow River Basin, but underground brackish water resources are extremely abundant. Crop irrigation in greenhouses faces the problem of high water prices or lack of fresh water resources. Forward osmosis and reverse osmosis water treatment technologies can be used for brackish water desalination, but the cost of brackish water desalination is relatively high.

[0003] The Chinese patent "Photovoltaic Panel Interface Greenhouse Distillation System" with publication number CN103429306A introduces a hybrid photovoltaic panel interface solar greenhouse distillation technology, which can realize liquid distillation using the waste heat of solar energy. Its disadvantage is that the distillation technology described in the patent system can only operate under the condition that the temperature of the photovoltaic panel lighting surface is higher than 100°C. Therefore, the photovoltaic panels described in the patent system are heat-resistant photovoltaic panels, and traditional photovoltaic panels cannot meet the conditions required for the operation of the patent system. In addition, in order to achieve a temperature of the photovoltaic panel lighting surface higher than 100°C in the patent system, a sunlight focusing mirror is arranged on the top of the heat-resistant photovoltaic panel, making the cooling and heat dissipation of the photovoltaic panel a very thorny problem.

[0004] The Chinese patent "A zero-energy greenhouse based on PVT" with publication number CN218302493U introduces an agricultural greenhouse powered by PVT photovoltaic and thermal panels. The patented system stores the heat of PVT photovoltaic and thermal energy through a phase change energy storage tank. At night, the heat stored during the day is released into the greenhouse through the coordinated circulation of a ground source heat pump unit and a phase change energy storage tank, thereby maintaining the minimum humidity temperature in the greenhouse at night.

[0005] The patent systems with publication numbers CN218302493U, CN213901222U and CN107401855A all couple photovoltaic thermal technology with heat pump technology to achieve photovoltaic thermal utilization. However, due to the limitations of strong periodicity, poor stability and low energy density of solar energy, the stability and reliability of photovoltaic thermal utilization in these patent systems are low. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model proposes a new green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouses. Dew point evaporation desalination technology is a water treatment technology that saves electricity, water, is low-cost and pollution-free. Coupling this technology with greenhouse planting technology can achieve the rational use of underground brackish water in the Yellow River Basin. In view of the abundant solar energy resources and sufficient light in the Yellow River Basin, coupling photovoltaic thermal technology, dew point evaporation desalination technology and greenhouse planting technology can achieve the effective utilization of solar energy resources in the Yellow River Basin.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A new type of green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouses, which includes a brackish water desalination system, a photovoltaic panel light and heat utilization system and a data monitoring system;

[0009] In the system, the brackish water outlet of the brackish water tank is connected to the water inlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle is connected to the water inlet of the photovoltaic panel cooling device through a PP pipe pipeline; a fresh water collecting tank is arranged below the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle, and the fresh water collecting tank is connected to the fresh water inlet of the fresh water tank;

[0010] The water outlet of the photovoltaic panel cooling device passes through the spray water pipe and is connected to the primary nozzle and the secondary nozzle by the primary spray water pipe and the secondary spray water pipe respectively; a primary water curtain humidifier and a primary brackish water collection tank are arranged below the primary nozzle, and a secondary water curtain humidifier and a secondary brackish water collection tank are arranged below the secondary nozzle;

[0011] The first-level brackish water collecting tank and the second-level brackish water collecting tank are connected to the brackish water return port of the brackish water tank through a PP pipe line;

[0012] The temperature sensor is arranged on the lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel, the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition instrument, the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected to the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet, and the flow meter, brackish water pump and circulating water pump are electrically connected to the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet respectively.

[0013] The heat exchange plates in the photovoltaic panel cooling device are installed at intervals on both sides of the cooling device, forming an S-shaped flow channel from the water inlet of the cooling device to the water outlet of the cooling device.

[0014] The spray water delivery pipe is provided with a valve for controlling the operation of one or two water curtain humidifiers.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0016] (1) This new type of high-efficiency and energy-saving composite system turns the heat energy on the surface of photovoltaic panels into "treasure", couples the photovoltaic panels' photothermal and brackish water desalination technologies, and greatly improves the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels by reducing the surface temperature of photovoltaic panels. The low-grade photothermal energy is used to preheat the brackish water for spraying, which can effectively increase the desalination output of brackish water in greenhouses, and realizes the direct and efficient use of solar photothermal energy without consuming electricity and fossil energy. During the day, as the intensity of solar radiation increases, the surface temperature of photovoltaic panels increases, and the increased photothermal temperature matches the energy demand of the greenhouse brackish water desalination system to preheat the brackish water.

[0017] (2) By monitoring the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panels, it is possible to adjust the flow of brackish water into the photovoltaic panel cooling device in real time when the temperature of the photovoltaic panel lighting surface changes at different time periods, thereby achieving the effect of saving water and electricity.

[0018] (3) The electricity, cold source and heat source required in this new high-efficiency energy-saving composite system are provided by photovoltaic panels, underground brackish water and solar heat from photovoltaic panels respectively. The operation steps of the system are simple and easy to operate, and the investment cost of the entire system is low.

[0019] The system couples photovoltaic thermal technology, dew-point evaporation desalination technology and greenhouse cultivation technology. By coupling photovoltaic thermal technology and dew-point evaporation desalination technology, it can turn the thermal energy of photovoltaic panels into "treasure", realize energy use according to quality, and directly apply the low-grade thermal energy of photovoltaic panels to the brackish water desalination system, thereby effectively improving the desalination efficiency of brackish water and the utilization rate of photovoltaic thermal energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a new type of green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouses.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic panel cooling device.

[0022] In the figure: 1, first-stage water curtain humidifier, 2, second-stage water curtain humidifier, 3a, first-stage brackish water collecting tank, 3b, second-stage brackish water collecting tank, 4, brackish water tank, 4a, brackish water drain, 4b, brackish water inlet, 4c, brackish water outlet, 4d, brackish water return, 5, condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle, 6, fresh water collecting tank, 7, fresh water tank, 7a, fresh water drain, 7b, fresh water inlet, 8 , photovoltaic panel, 9, photovoltaic panel cooling device, 9a, cooling device water inlet, 9b, cooling device water outlet, 9c, heat exchange plate, 9d, S-shaped flow channel, 10, brackish water pump, 11, circulating water pump, 12, spray water pipe, 13, primary spray water pipe, 14, secondary spray water pipe, 15a, primary nozzle, 15b, secondary nozzle, 16, valve, 17, temperature sensor, 18, data acquisition instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] A new type of green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouses, including a brackish water desalination system, a photovoltaic panel light and heat utilization system and a data monitoring system. The components of the brackish water desalination system and the photovoltaic panel light and heat utilization system include a primary water curtain humidifier 1, a secondary water curtain humidifier 2, a primary brackish water collection tank 3a, a secondary brackish water collection tank 3b, a brackish water tank 4, a condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5, a fresh water collection tank 6, a fresh water tank 7, a photovoltaic panel 8, a photovoltaic panel cooling device 9, a brackish water pump 10, a circulating water pump 11, a spray water pipe 12, a primary spray water pipe 13, a secondary spray water pipe 14, a primary nozzle 15a, a secondary nozzle 15b, a valve 16, a PVC hose, and a PP pipe.

[0025] The data monitoring system components include a temperature sensor 17 , a data acquisition instrument 18 , a flow meter 19 , and a brackish water flow integrated control cabinet 20 .

[0026] Among them, the brackish water outlet 4c of the brackish water tank 4 is connected to the water inlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 through the PP pipe pipeline, the water outlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 is connected to the cooling device water inlet 9a of the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 through the PP pipe pipeline, the cooling device water outlet 9b of the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 is respectively connected to the primary nozzle 15a and the secondary nozzle 15b through the spray water pipe 12, the primary spray water pipe 13 and the secondary spray water pipe 14, and the primary brackish water collecting tank 3a and the secondary brackish water collecting tank 3b are connected to the brackish water return port 4d of the brackish water tank 4 through the PP pipe pipeline.

[0027] The fresh water collecting tank 6 is connected to the fresh water inlet 7b of the fresh water tank 7 through a PVC hose; the temperature sensor 17 is arranged on the lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel 8, the temperature sensor 17 is electrically connected to the data acquisition instrument 18, the data acquisition instrument 18 is electrically connected to the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet 20, and the flow meter 19, the brackish water pump 10 and the circulating water pump 11 are electrically connected to the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet 20 respectively.

[0028] A working method of a new green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouses includes the following processes:

[0029] a. The underground brackish water is pumped into the brackish water tank 4 after being pressurized by the brackish water pump 10. The brackish water tank 4 is provided with a brackish water outlet 4a, a brackish water inlet 4b, a brackish water outlet 4c, and a brackish water return port 4d. The brackish water pump 10 is connected to the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet 20 to control the start and stop of the brackish water pump 10 and adjust the speed of the brackish water pump 10.

[0030] b. The brackish water in the brackish water tank 4 is pumped into the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 through the water inlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 after being pressurized by the circulating water pump 11 from the brackish water outlet 4c. The brackish water exchanges heat with the humid air passing through the tube bundle along the tube length in the vertical tube. The steam in the humid air condenses into water on the surface of the vertical tube, and the brackish water temperature at the outlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 increases. The condensed water drips along the vertical tube wall into the fresh water sump 6 arranged at the bottom of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5. The fresh water in the fresh water sump 6 flows into the fresh water tank 7 through the PVC hose pipeline. The fresh water tank 7 is arranged with a fresh water drain port 7a and a fresh water inlet 7b. The circulating water pump 11 is connected to the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet 20 to control the start and stop device of the circulating water pump 11 and adjust the speed of the circulating water pump 11.

[0031] c. The brackish water with increased temperature flows from the outlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 into the cooling device water inlet 9a of the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 through the PP pipe line and the flow meter 19 in turn. The flow meter 19 is connected to the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet 20 to display the flow of brackish water flowing through the outlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 in real time. The brackish water flowing through the pipe path in the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 can take away the heat of the photovoltaic panel 8, and the temperature of the brackish water flowing out of the outlet of the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 rises to 37-41°C. The photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 is made of aluminum, and its internal flow channel is an S-shaped flow. The photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 is arranged on the backlight surface of the photovoltaic panel 8, and the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 and the backlight surface of the photovoltaic panel 8 are evenly coated with thermal conductive silicone grease. The lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel 8 is arranged with a temperature sensor 17 to facilitate real-time monitoring of the temperature of the lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel 8. The temperature sensor 17 is connected to the data acquisition instrument 18 to facilitate real-time display of the temperature of the lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel 8. During the daytime working period, the electricity generated by the power generation components based on the photovoltaic panels 8 can power the entire new green greenhouse composite energy-saving system.

[0032] d. Bitter salt water at 37-41°C flows from the outlet of the photovoltaic panel cooling device into the spray water pipe 12. The spray water pipe 12 with a valve 16 is divided into two pipes, one of which is a primary spray water pipe 13, and the other is a secondary spray water pipe 14. Primary nozzles 15a and secondary nozzles 15b are arranged at equal intervals on the primary spray water pipe 13 and the secondary spray water pipe 14. A primary water curtain humidifier 1 is arranged below the primary spray water pipe 13, and a secondary water curtain humidifier 2 is arranged below the secondary spray water pipe 14.

[0033] e. The brackish water flowing out of the spray water pipe 12, part of the brackish water is evenly sprayed to the first-level water curtain humidifier 1 below through the first-level spray water pipe 13, and the other part of the brackish water is evenly sprayed to the second-level water curtain humidifier 2 below through the second-level spray water pipe 14. The first-level water curtain humidifier 1 and the second-level water curtain humidifier 2 after spray humidification can humidify the dry air passing through the first-level water curtain humidifier 1 and the second-level water curtain humidifier 2. A first-level brackish water collection tank 3a is arranged below the first-level water curtain humidifier 1, and a second-level brackish water collection tank 3b is arranged below the second-level water curtain humidifier 2.

[0034] f. The brackish water dripping from the surface of the primary water curtain humidifier 1 and the secondary water curtain humidifier 2 are respectively collected in the primary brackish water collecting tank 3a and the secondary brackish water collecting tank 3b. The brackish water in the primary brackish water collecting tank 3a and the secondary brackish water collecting tank 3b flows into the brackish water tank 4 through the return water port 4d of the brackish water tank 4 via the PP pipe line.

[0035] g. When the air humidified by the primary water curtain humidifier 1 and the secondary water curtain humidifier 2 passes through the vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 of the condenser, the steam in the air condenses into water on the surface of the vertical tube, and the condensed water drips along the vertical tube wall into the fresh water collecting tank 6. The fresh water in the fresh water collecting tank 6 flows into the fresh water tank 7 through the water inlet 7b of the fresh water tank 7 through the PVC hose pipeline.

[0036] The working method of the data monitoring system in the new green composite energy-saving system includes the following processes:

[0037] When the light intensity changes, the temperature sensor 17 arranged on the lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel 8 monitors the temperature of the lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel 8 and transmits the temperature signal to the data acquisition instrument 18, and the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet 20 adjusts the speed of the circulating water pump 11 according to the temperature value displayed by the data acquisition instrument 18, thereby realizing the regulation of the brackish water flow flowing into the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9. The brackish water flow value flowing into the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 is monitored and displayed by the flow meter 19.

[0038] Furthermore, when the above technical solution is used, the following process is included:

[0039] (a) Underground brackish water at 15-20°C is pressurized by a brackish water pump 10 and pumped into a brackish water tank 4.

[0040] (b) The brackish water at 15-20°C in the brackish water tank 4 is pressurized by the circulating water pump 11 and then pumped into the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5. The brackish water exchanges heat with the moist air passing through the tube bundle along the length of the vertical tube, so that the temperature of the brackish water at the outlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 rises to 25-27°C.

[0041] (c) The brackish water at 25-27°C flows into the internal flow channel of the photovoltaic panel cooling device through the outlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5, the PP pipe line, the flow meter 19 and the water inlet of the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 in sequence. The brackish water flows through the flow channel in the photovoltaic panel cooling device to take away the heat of the photovoltaic panel, and the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel drops significantly by about 20%, and its photovoltaic power generation efficiency increases by 9-12%. The temperature of the brackish water flowing out of the outlet of the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 rises to 37-41°C.

[0042] (d) Brackish water at 37-41°C flows from the outlet of the photovoltaic panel cooling device 9 into the spray water pipe 12 and is transported to the primary spray water pipe 13 and the secondary spray water pipe 14. Then the brackish water is sprayed to the primary water curtain humidifier 1 and the secondary water curtain humidifier 2 through the primary nozzle 15a and the secondary nozzle 15b. The brackish water dripping from the surface of the primary water curtain humidifier 1 and the secondary water curtain humidifier 2 is respectively collected in the brackish water collecting tanks arranged at the bottom of each. The brackish water in the brackish water collecting tank flows into the brackish water tank 4 through the return water port of the brackish water tank via the PP pipe line.

[0043] (e) After the dry air passes through the first-stage water curtain humidifier 1 and the second-stage water curtain humidifier 2 in sequence, the relative humidity of the dry air increases to 95-98%. When the wet air passes through the vertical heat exchange tube bundle 5 of the condenser, the steam in the air condenses into water on the surface of the vertical tube. The condensed water drips along the vertical tube wall into the fresh water collecting tank 6. The fresh water in the fresh water collecting tank 6 flows into the fresh water tank 7 through the PVC hose pipeline and the fresh water tank inlet, and the fresh water production is significantly increased by 15-20%.

[0044] By adopting the above technical scheme, underground brackish water at 15-20℃ is sprayed to the first-level water curtain humidifier and the second-level water curtain humidifier after passing through the vertical heat exchange tube bundle of the condenser and the photovoltaic panel cooling device. It can effectively utilize the low-grade thermal energy of the photovoltaic panels in the brackish water desalination system, effectively increase the desalination output of greenhouse brackish water, and realize the direct and efficient use of solar thermal energy without consuming electricity and fossil energy.

[0045] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace part or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A new type of green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouses, characterized by: The system includes a brackish water desalination system, a photovoltaic panel light and heat utilization system, and a data monitoring system; In the system, the brackish water outlet (4c) of the brackish water tank (4) is connected to the water inlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle (5) through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle (5) is connected to the water inlet of the photovoltaic panel cooling device (9) through a PP pipe pipeline; a fresh water collecting tank (6) is arranged below the condenser vertical heat exchange tube bundle (5), and the fresh water collecting tank (6) is connected to the fresh water inlet (7b) of the fresh water tank (7); The water outlet of the photovoltaic panel cooling device (9) passes through the spray water pipe (12) and is connected to the primary nozzle (15a) and the secondary nozzle (15b) through the primary spray water pipe (13) and the secondary spray water pipe (14) respectively; a primary water curtain humidifier (1) and a primary brackish water collection tank (3a) are arranged below the primary nozzle (15a), and a secondary water curtain humidifier (2) and a secondary brackish water collection tank (3b) are arranged below the secondary nozzle (15b); The first-level brackish water collecting tank (3a) and the second-level brackish water collecting tank (3b) are connected to the brackish water return port (4d) of the brackish water tank (4) via a PP pipe line; The temperature sensor (17) is arranged on the lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel (8), the temperature sensor (17) is electrically connected to the data acquisition instrument (18), the data acquisition instrument (18) is electrically connected to the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet (20), and the flow meter (19), the brackish water pump (10) and the circulating water pump (11) are electrically connected to the brackish water flow integrated control cabinet (20), respectively.

2. A new type of green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange plates (9c) in the photovoltaic panel cooling device (9) are installed at intervals on both sides of the cooling device, forming an S-shaped flow channel (9d) from the cooling device water inlet (9a) to the cooling device water outlet (9b).

3. According to claim 1, a new type of green composite energy-saving system suitable for greenhouses is characterized by: The spray water pipe (12) is provided with a valve (16) for controlling the operation of one or two water curtain humidifiers.

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