Composite porous structure plate based on topological optimization 3D printing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a 3D printing composite material porous structure plate based on topological optimization, which comprises two surface plates and a porous structure, the two surface plates are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer in parallel, the upper layer surface plate and the lower layer surface plate are respectively arranged, the surface of each surface plate is horizontal, the porous structure is clamped between the upper layer surface plate and the lower layer surface plate, and the porous structure is arranged between the upper layer surface plate and the lower layer surface plate. The porous structure comprises hexagonal structure units and a three-hole topological polygon structure, the hexagonal structure units are distributed on two sides of the three-hole topological polygon structure, and a plurality of groups of hexagonal structure units are circularly connected in series; the porous structure plate is good in connecting effect, high in bearing capacity and low in manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model discloses and relates to the technical fields of topology optimization and 3D printing, and in particular to a composite porous structure plate based on topology optimization and 3D printing. Background Art

[0002] Porous material is a material with a network structure composed of interconnected or closed pores. The macrostructure filled with porous structural unit cells is a structure with complex geometric configuration and a large number of pores. It has the advantages of light weight, high load-bearing capacity, and high specific stiffness. It is widely used in aerospace, shipbuilding, medical equipment and other fields. However, the mechanical structure in actual engineering has complex curved surface geometric features. Filling regular porous structural unit cells onto the curved surface can easily lead to a mismatch between the structural unit cells and the design domain shape, affecting the mechanical properties of the porous structure. Therefore, in order to ensure the integrity of the curved porous structure shape and improve the mechanical properties of the curved porous structure, it is necessary to design a better structural model and improve its strength through topological optimization technology.

[0003] 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is a technology that uses computer 3D design models as a blueprint, and transforms 3D entities into several 2D planes through software layered discretization and CNC molding systems. It uses raw materials such as metal powder, plastic, ceramics, and resins to construct objects through "bottom-up" layered manufacturing and layer-by-layer stacking. 3D printing technology can quickly and accurately produce the required porous structure, greatly expanding the degree of design freedom. Advanced manufacturing technology needs to be coordinated with advanced component design technology, otherwise 3D printing technology cannot give full play to its advantages, and the performance of the prepared products cannot achieve a qualitative leap.

[0004] The emergence of topology optimization (TO) technology effectively solves this type of problem. Topology optimization is a structural optimization method that calculates the optimal material distribution. It does not rely on the initial configuration and designer experience, but seeks an innovative configuration to find the optimal distribution of materials within a given design area (goals, constraints, loads and boundary conditions). In layman's terms, topology optimization is to use optimization methods to find where materials need to be arranged inside the structure and what materials to arrange, so as to obtain the best performance under certain constraints. In the fields of aerospace, biomedicine, automotive energy, etc., many scholars have obtained unprecedented innovative configurations based on topology optimization methods, which significantly improves the structural performance or lightweight of products. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a 3D printed composite material porous structure plate based on topology optimization to improve the mechanical strength of the porous structure plate.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the utility model is specifically: a composite porous structure plate based on topological optimization 3D printing, characterized in that it includes: a surface plate, and a porous structure, the surface plate is provided with two, upper and lower layers, parallel devices, respectively, an upper surface plate and a lower surface plate, the surface of the surface plate is horizontal, and a porous structure is sandwiched between the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate, the porous structure includes a hexagonal structure unit and a three-hole topological polygonal structure, the hexagonal structure unit is distributed on both sides of the three-hole topological polygonal structure, and a plurality of groups are provided in a circular series;

[0007] The hexagonal structure unit includes a first hexagonal structure and a second hexagonal structure connected in series;

[0008] Four hole gaps are formed between the first hexagonal structure and the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate. The center of the first hexagonal structure is a first hollow structure, and the center of the second hexagonal structure is a second hollow structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the hole gap is a triangular structure, and the first hollow structure is a smooth horizontal diamond hole structure;

[0010] The second hollow structure is a smooth vertical diamond-shaped hole structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the three-hole topological polygonal structure includes three slightly-varied triangular hole structures, which are two symmetrical acute-angle triangles and one obtuse-angle triangle, wherein the areas of the two symmetrical acute-angle triangles are smaller than the area of ​​the obtuse-angle triangle.

[0012] Further, the thickness of the constituent plates of the three-hole topological polygonal structure is greater than the thickness of the constituent plates of the hexagonal structural unit;

[0013] Furthermore, the number of the hexagonal structural units is greater than 3.

[0014] Furthermore, the pore structures on the contact surfaces between the upper and lower surface plates and the porous structure are parallel to each other and correspond one to one.

[0015] Furthermore, the triangular hole structure is surrounded by a vertical diamond hole structure.

[0016] The utility model provides a composite porous structure plate based on topological optimization 3D printing, the structural design is ingenious and reasonable, and the mechanical properties of the porous structure plate are improved by the cooperation of polygonal structures; it has strong mechanical strength and can meet the requirements of different working environments.

[0017] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present utility model, and together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a composite porous structure plate provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the porous composite material provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a 3D printing path for a composite porous structure plate provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 The three-point bending load-displacement curve of the composite porous structure plate provided in the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the utility model. Instead, they are only examples of devices consistent with some aspects of the utility model as detailed in the attached claims.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a composite porous structure plate based on topological optimization 3D printing, comprising: a surface plate 1 and a porous structure, wherein the surface plate 1 is provided with two, upper and lower layers, parallel devices, namely an upper surface plate and a lower surface plate, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the surface plate are both horizontal and flat, and the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate are arranged horizontally relative to each other;

[0026] A porous structure is sandwiched between the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate, the porous structure includes a hexagonal structure unit 2 and a three-hole topological polygonal structure 3, the hexagonal structure units are distributed on both sides of the three-hole topological polygonal structure 3, and multiple groups are cyclically connected in series;

[0027] The hexagonal structure unit 2 includes a first hexagonal structure 21 and a second hexagonal structure 22 connected in series;

[0028] Four holes 23 are formed between the first hexagonal structure 21 and the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate. The center of the first hexagonal structure is a first hollow structure 211 , and the center of the second hexagonal structure is a second hollow structure 221 .

[0029] The hole gap 23 is a triangular structure, and the first hollow structure 211 is a smooth horizontal diamond hole structure;

[0030] The second hollow structure 221 is a smooth vertical diamond-shaped hole structure.

[0031] The triangular hole structure is surrounded by a vertical diamond hole structure.

[0032] The middle of the composite porous structure plate 1 is the thickest, that is, the thickness of the component plate of the three-hole topological polygonal structure 3 is greater than the thickness of the component plate of the hexagonal structure unit 2; the number of the above-mentioned hexagonal structure units is greater than 3; experiments have shown that under the same material conditions, the more hexagonal structure units the composite porous structure plate has, the higher the strength, the stronger the bearing capacity, and the smaller the deformation.

[0033] The number of hexagonal structural units is set according to actual needs.

[0034] The three-hole topological polygonal structure includes three slightly changed triangular hole structures, namely two symmetrical acute triangles and one obtuse triangle, wherein the area of ​​the two symmetrical acute triangles is smaller than the area of ​​the obtuse triangle.

[0035] The hole structures on the contact surfaces of the upper and lower surface plates 1 and the porous structure are parallel and correspond to each other; for example, the hole structure on the lower surface of the upper surface plate is the longest side of the triangular structure in the first hexagonal structure 21, and the hole structure on the upper surface of the lower surface plate is also the longest side of the triangular structure in the first hexagonal structure 21; through the interaction of the triangular hole structures with the same base and the vertical diamond hole structures, the force balance at the connection can be guaranteed.

[0036] The middle of the composite porous structure plate 1 is the thickest, and is composed of two acute-angled small triangular hole structures and one obtuse-angled large triangular hole structure to form an upper "convex" structure; and experiments have proved that under the same material conditions, the larger the width of the middle structure (three-hole topological polygonal structure) of the composite porous structure plate, the higher the strength, the stronger the bearing capacity, and the smaller the deformation;

[0037] Preferably, the length, width and height of the 3D printed composite porous structure plate based on topology optimization technology are 250 mm, 30 mm and 15 mm respectively;

[0038] The thickness of the upper and lower surface plates is 1.5 mm;

[0039] The hole gap 23 is a triangular hole structure with a base length of 10.15 mm;

[0040] The triangular hole structure surrounds a smooth horizontal diamond hole structure with the longest diagonal of 14.06 mm.

[0041] Furthermore, the second hollow structure 221 is: a single-hole smooth vertical diamond-shaped hole structure with the longest diagonal of 12 mm.

[0042] The structural skeleton of the porous structure can bear the load in the whole structure. When subjected to force, the diamond-shaped single-hole skeleton in the five-hole structure has high compressibility and will bend to provide support. When conducting mechanical bending experiments, the middle part is subjected to force, and the two sides will deform to offset part of the stress, and the deformation is not only along the vertical axis. At the same time, the integrated structure is realized through 3D printing, and different layering technologies are used for additive manufacturing to improve the overall strength.

[0043] The method for preparing a 3D printed composite porous structure plate provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0044] A method for preparing a 3D printed composite material porous structure plate based on topology optimization technology, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0045] (1) Obtain design requirements and constraints. Determine the design requirements of the composite porous structure plate based on the required plate performance requirements and geometric constraints. Perform topology optimization. Based on the obtained design requirements and constraints, use the topology optimization algorithm to optimize the structure of the plate. By introducing appropriate holes or concave-convex structures in the plate, the mechanical properties and weight distribution of the plate can be optimized.

[0046] (2) Prepare a 3D model in STL format using 3D modeling software according to the designed structure and design the 3D printing path of the composite porous structure plate;

[0047] (3) preparing composite material 3D printing consumables and using a 3D printer to print the composite material porous structure plate structure;

[0048] (4) During the 3D printing process, the samples were observed to adjust the 3D printing parameters, improve the printing quality and correct the printing parameters, and finally obtain a multi-layer composite corrugated board with controllable and excellent mechanical properties.

[0049] In step (1), the topology optimization technology is applied using the software ABAQUS

[0050] In step (2), the three-dimensional modeling software used to design the 3D model is CAD.

[0051] In step (3), the 3D printer is a G300 industrial-grade FDM 3D printer, and the diameter of the printer nozzle is 1 mm; the 3D printing consumables used are fiber-reinforced polymer-based composite material 3D printing consumables, and the diameter of this consumable is 1.75 mm.

[0052] In step (4), the 3D printing parameters are: printing platform temperature 50°C-100°C, printing nozzle temperature 200°C-280°C, preheating temperature 190°C-210°C, and preheating time 5 minutes.

[0053] The printing layer height of the composite porous structure plate is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm, the printing filling rate is 100%, and the nozzle moving speed is 40 mm / s-70 mm / s.

[0054] The length, width and height of the 3D printed product of this embodiment were measured using a vernier caliper, with three points measured in each direction: the length was measured at three points at different positions at both ends, and the width and height were measured at the midpoint of the beam and 10 mm from the two end surfaces. The average deviation of the measurement results was 0.45%.

[0055] Use an electronic balance to weigh the mass m of the sample. Load the sample with three-point support until it breaks or deforms. The loading direction is perpendicular to the 250×30 plane with a span of 200mm. Record the load-displacement curve and the maximum load F of the sample.

[0056] See attached Figure 4 ;

[0057] The measured mechanical parameters are: the maximum bending force is 865.39N

[0058] Bending strength: 57.29MPa

[0059] Load-to-weight ratio is 19.62

[0060] The maximum deformation at 100N is 0.48mm;

[0061] The porous structural plate in this embodiment adopts nylon carbon fiber PA-CF composite material. The reinforcing fiber of the porous structure of the 3D printed composite material can be carbon fiber, glass fiber, etc., and the fiber can be continuous fiber or chopped fiber; the resin matrix of the 3D printed structure can be selected from polyamide, polylactic acid, ABS engineering plastics, etc.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will readily come up with other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the utility model disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present invention. The specification and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0063] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A 3D printed composite porous structure plate based on topology optimization, characterized in that: include: A surface plate and a porous structure, wherein the surface plate is provided with two, upper and lower layers, parallel devices, namely an upper surface plate and a lower surface plate, the surface of the surface plate is horizontal, and a porous structure is sandwiched between the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate, wherein the porous structure includes a hexagonal structural unit and a three-hole topological polygonal structure, wherein the hexagonal structural units are distributed on both sides of the three-hole topological polygonal structure, and a plurality of groups are provided in a circular series; The hexagonal structure unit includes a first hexagonal structure and a second hexagonal structure connected in series; Four holes are formed between the first hexagonal structure and the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate. The center of the first hexagonal structure is a first hollow structure, and the center of the second hexagonal structure is a second hollow structure.

2. The composite porous structure plate based on topology optimization 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole gap is a triangular structure, and the first hollow structure is a smooth horizontal diamond hole structure; The second hollow structure is a smooth vertical diamond-shaped hole structure.

3. The composite porous structure plate based on topology optimization 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-hole topological polygonal structure includes three slightly-varied triangular hole structures, which are two symmetrical acute-angle triangles and one obtuse-angle triangle, wherein the areas of the two symmetrical acute-angle triangles are smaller than the area of ​​the obtuse-angle triangle.

4. The composite porous structure plate based on topology optimization 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the constituent plates of the three-hole topological polygonal structure is greater than that of the constituent plates of the hexagonal structural unit.

5. The composite porous structure plate based on topology optimization 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the hexagonal structural units is greater than 3.

6. The composite porous structure plate based on topology optimization 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pore structures on the contact surfaces between the upper and lower surface plates and the porous structure are parallel to each other and correspond one to one.

7. The composite porous structure plate based on topology optimization 3D printing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The triangular structure is surrounded by a vertical diamond-shaped hole structure.

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